TOD in India
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Transit Oriented Developmentin India
Mukund Kumar Sinha, Ministry of Urban Development
Government of India
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High Capacity Transit Corridors
Metro Rail
Operations
300 +
kms
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High Capacity Transit Corridors
Metro Rail
Operations
300 +
kms
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High Capacity Transit Corridors
Metro Rail
Operations
300 +
kms
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
BRT
Operations250 kms
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Earliest forms of TOD in India
Delhi
Hyderabad
High Density Mixed Land use along Main Arterial/ Transit Corridor
Mumbai
Kolkata
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Navi Mumbai – The 1st Modern TOD in India
• Started Building in 1992, to
accommodate the growing population
of Mumbai
• Spread over 344 sq. km. of land,
including a 150 km-long creek line
• Close to the world's 10th largest &
India's largest seaport, Jawaharlal
Nehru Port (JNPT) Vashi Station Complex
Belapur Station
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Station Level TOD
Area Level TOD
City Level TOD
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TOD in India
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Ahmedabad – Station Level TOD
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• Population: 5,570,585 (2011)
• Area: 466 Sq. Km
• Gross Density: 12, 000 person / sq.km
Ahmedabad BRT Network
• A special tax – “bettermentcharge” – on propertywithin 250 m of transitcorridor
• Increased FSI along transitcorridors- 1.8 to 3.6/ 4.
• Additional 2.2 FSI To BePurchased From ULB
• 10% reduction in parkingfor commercial uses
• Income from Sale ofFSI/Concessions to be Partof Transport Fund
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AfterBefore
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Kochi – Station Level TOD
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500m TOD Area along Metro - Kochi
Edapally Station Influence Zone
Development around Edapally Station
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• FSI in TOD Area – 3
• Mixed Land Use Development
• Multimodal Integration
• NMT and Place Making
• Land Value Capture• Sale of Additional FAR
• Metro Cess on Property Transactions
• “Accessibility Tax” as part of property tax
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Delhi – Area Level TOD
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• Population: 11 million (2011)
• Urban Area Density: 11.3
Persons/ Sq. Km• TOD policy notified in
July, 2015
• Applicable: 500 m belt
along Metro corridors
• Covers 20% of Delhi
urban area
• Exceptions:
• Lutyens Bungalow
Zone
• Civil Lines bungalow
zone
• Zone-O (Yamuna river
bed)
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Round the Clock Activity Streets
20%
30%
ROADS50% Buildable Land Area
GREEN
OPEN SPACE
Land Distribution
Mixed Use - reduced Travel Needs
55%
10%
5%
30%
FLEXIBLE
USE
Residential (1000 sq.ft. or less)
Public Facilities(schools, hospitals,
social infra.)
Commercial
Better Light, Ventilation & Quality of Life
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Before
After
Socially inclusive communities –sharing of amenities
finer road networks created for shortcuts on foot
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Pedestrian is highest
priority
Metro Station
(1 min)
(2 min)
(3 min)
Multi-modal integration with pedestrian
priority
Equitable allocation of space for all modes at
stations
Before
After
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Mumbai – Area Level TOD
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Population: 12.4 million
Urban Area Density: 31,700 persons/ square kilometre
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Influence zones along Rail corridor in Mumbai Metropolitan Region
• Premium FSI from 2 to 8FSI
• Min. 1Ha plotland
amalgamation
• 400Du/Ha to 1000Du/Ha
Density
• At least 20% to be non-residential
Mix Use
• At least 30% to be LIGInclusionary
housing
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Madhya Pradesh – Area Level TOD
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Ensure Transit Supportive Uses
Densification and Mixed Income Development around Transit Stations and Corridors
Ensure Connectivity and Manage Vehicular Traffic and Parking
Create Pedestrian and NMV-Oriented Design
Make each Transit Station/ Corridor Area a “Place”
Plan in context with Local Communities
State Policy Objectives
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Transit Corridor
Transit Station
Transit Station Area
500m radius or (5mins
walk)
300m Buffer (5mins
walk)
Transit Corridor Area
TOD Influence Area along Transit
Corridors -Bhopal Conceptual TOD along Transit Corridors
Land Use as
per Master
Plan
Indicative FAR (%)
Residential Residential: 20 – 70%
Any other use: up to 30%
Commercial Commercial: 40 – 60%
Any other use: up to 10%
Industrial Industrial: 50-80%
Transportation Transportation: 30%
Any other use: up to 70%
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Navi Mumbai – City Level TOD
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Seawoods in Navi Mumbai
• Similar to Canary Wharf in London, IFC in Hong Kong, Shinjuku in
Tokyo
• Being Implemented by L&T
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Total Area: 40 acres
Proposed built-up area 33,90,477 sq feet
• mall 5,08,633 square feet,
• offices 26,78,799 sq ft and
• hospitality / service apartments 2,03,453 sq ft
Features of Seawoods
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Naya Raipur – City Level TOD
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Vision“To develop a transit supportive
framework that supports a series of seamless self-sufficient
neighbourhoods in Naya Raipur each with a distinct character- linked with
sustainable mobility options”.
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Planning Strategy
Before TOD After TOD
• Mixed Use Core
• High Density Transit Corridor
• Development as per the contours. Water network has been retained.
• Hierarchy of greens connecting amenities within walkable distance
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Designing a New City for Sustainable
Mobility• Multimodal Transit
Interconnected Street Pattern
• Mixed Use Development
• Walkability
• Compact Development
• Urban Place making
• Streetscape Design
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TOD Guiding Principles in India
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Thank you!