TL III Common Bean Breeding Improvement

Plans of Ethiopia

Berhanu Amsalu (PhD)

EIAR, Melkassa ARC,

Presented at TL III Genetic Gains Workshop

1st–2nd September 2016

Jacaranda Hotel, Nairobi, Kenya

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Aim: To ensure sustainable improvement of common bean

productivity & production through development and utilization

of marketable, stable, high yielding varieties which have

tolerance /resistance to major stresses with improved crop

management packages and there by contribute to food

security and income generation.

Breeding objectives

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1. Variety generation using classical breeding approach

2. Introduce & adapt new market oriented (demand driven)

bean varieties for fast-track generation of varieties

3. Participatory varietal selection (PVS)

Varietal generation methods

Main target of varietal development

1. Development of beans for local market & consumption

(red, red mottled, cream/yellow market class beans)

2. Development of beans for export market (canning type

bean development) (white, speckled, red kidney beans)

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These aim of breeding again will be refined based on seed size

(small, medium & large bean market class)

Breeding for abiotic stress

drought (drought tolerant, early variety development)

low soil fertility tolerant

acid soil tolerant variety development

Breeding for biotic stress

Disease resistant (CBB, HB, rust …)

Insect pest resistant (bruchid)

Breeding objectives

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Breeding program pipeline

under progress

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Widening Genetic pool

Collection of bean landraces across the

country

Crossing/hybridization

Introduction of lines from CIAT/PABRA

targeted for different constraints & quality

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Crossing/hybridization of beans

1. Seed characteristics

(size, color, brilliance)

2. Abiotic stress

Drought tolerance

3. Disease resistance (CBB)

Aim of Crossing

Future plan

4. Nutritional quality (Fe & Zn, protein) , cooking time,

5. Low soil fertility & acid soil

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Breeding program pipeline

Product target 1: Large white bean development (100% for market)

Double crosses

Canpsula/SAB 626//Canpsula/SAB 629……..140 F2 derived F5

families

Ranjonomby/SAB 626//Ranjonomby/SAB 629 ….88 F2 derived

F5 families

Single crosses

Canpsula/SAB 713……124 F2 derived F6 families

Total population: 352

Two PNVT has been set from the selected

lines from above population after evaluation

at nursery

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Breeding program pipeline cont’d

Product target 2: Large rad bean development (75%

export market & 25% local market/consumption)

Double crosses

DRK/SAB 626//DRK/SAB 629-----156 F2 derived F4

families

Product target 3: Small white bean development

(100% for export market/for canning)

Single cross

G4445/G11239 (small white)…… 816 F4 derived F7

lines

One pre-national variety trial has been set

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Breeding program pipeline cont’d

Product target 4: Small red bean development for improvement for

drought tolerance (100% for local market & consumption) now export

market emerged

Single crosses

Dicta 105/SEA 5……..150 F2 derived F6 families

Dicta 105/SER 16…….74 F2 derived F6 families

Dicta 105/BAT 477…..33 F2 derived F6 families

Total population: 257

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Product target 5: CCB resistance small white bean development

oG 4445/VAX 3 …….425 F4 derived F7 lines

oPAN 182/VAX 3……213 F4 derived F7 lines

Total population : 638

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Advancing the breeding lines

We have advanced some lines from segregating

population:

1. Three Pre-National performance trials (NPT)

2. Three Nurseries

3. Two nurseries (small white & small red) trials has

been formulate and sent for two regional research

sites

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Implementing marker assisted

selection

Application of MAS

1. Bruchid resistance crosses for 1700 F3

population

(for small red & white pea bean population)

PhD student

2. CBB resistance populations >600 lines

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Utilization of advanced data base

management system

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Application of BMS

1 National PT 10

2 Pre-National PT 3

3 Nursery 4

Total 17

Germplasm lists, nurseries, trials, field book

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Facility building by TL III

Toyota Hilux Double Cabin

Purchased & delivered

Automated Mattson

cooker

to be purchased soon

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Complimentary funds and synergy with TL III

project to enhance bean breeding

modernization and to enhance genetic gain

plans

(four years project)

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Breeding Modernization project EIAR_BMGF

Ethiopia EIAR

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I. Bean products concept

1. Large white bean for export market with drought and disease

tolerance

2. Large red bean with drought and disease tolerance (75% export; 25%

domestic)

3. Small white bean for export market with drought and disease tolerance

4. Small red bean with drought and disease tolerance

5. Large speckled bean for export market with drought and disease

tolerance

6. Large red mottled bean with drought and disease tolerance

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II. Automation & mechanisation

Seed related equipment

Digital seed counter

Small digital balance

Large digital balance Seed cleaner

Seed treatment machine Moisture meter bar-code readers packet printer Germination cabinet

Field facilities Cold store Seed store

Glass house Controlled irrigation

Field Equipment Plot thresher

Single plant thresher Tractor for field work Plot planter

Laboratory Flame photometer

Canning equipment Autoclave Freezer (-20C)

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III. Support services

Quality

Determine best way to measure protein, Fe and Zn content

Determine best canning equipment required

Pathology

Develop high throughput screening assays compatible with pipeline:

Markers

Nominate a set of up to ~200 key lines for a

preliminary diversity analysis from each

agro-ecology

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Promotion, Progression,

Release Criteria and Procedures

Advanced Trials

Release

Example criteria:

• Yield > current accepted

variety

• Disease resistance >

current accepted variety

• Quality equivalent to best

current variety

• Reliability >= current

accepted variety

Weightings for criteria

depend on the market forces

and the customers

preferences

National variety trial year 1

National variety trial year 2

IV . Product advancement scheme

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Interventions to increase

genetic gain

Examples of ways modern plan breeding programs improve

genetic gain

1. New statistical analysis methods

2. Enhanced breeding program efficiency (IT

mechanization etc)

3. Alternative Phenotyping Methods (Markers, NIR)

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Crossing handling

Field phenotyping

Multi-location trial management up to DUS (release)

Lines introduced from CIAT (TL III products) as an

input in the system to the target product

etc …..

Role of TL III in the EIAR_BMGF

project

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Alignment & synergy of TL III with

Integrated Genotyping Service & Support (IGSS)

project plans

(four years project)

Ethiopia EIAR

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Planned Activities

1 Pre-breeding activities

Identification of type and number of

traits of interest

Identification & collection of key

germplasms for genome profiling

Genome profiling

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Activity 2: Implementation of

cultivar development

Development of customized

cultivar development pipelines

Population development

Field screening

Genotyping

Data analysis

TL III

Crossing handling

Field phenotyping

Multi-location trial

management up to

DUS (release)

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Activity 3 Capacity building/Training

Molecular breeding,

Bioinformatics etc

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Human capacity Development

Current human resource

1PhD, 1MSc, 2BSc and 6 technicians

Multi-disciplinary team (crop protection (2), Scio-economics

(2), mechanization (1), food scientist (1), soil scientist (1) ,

seed science (1)

Study

PhD : Three under study and one will return early next year

MSc: Two under study and one will return within three month

One BSc: will join MSc after one/two month

Haring new staff plan

Two BSc

One MSc

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Acknowledgement Ethiopia EIAR

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Thank you!