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Titles in the series

Punctuation Ian Gordon

ABC of Common Errors SH Burton

Writing Letters SH Burton

Spelling SH Burton

Help Yourself to StudyLesley Millard Ralph Tabberer

GrammarSH Burton

LONGMAN GROUP UK LIMITED Longman HouseBurnt Mill, Harlow, Essex, CM202JE, England and

Associated Companies throughout the world.

Longman Group Limited 1984All rights reserved; no part of this publicationmay be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,mechanical photocopying, recording or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the Publishers

First published 1984 Fourth impression 1987

Set in 10/11 pt Rockwell light and medium, Linotron 202

Produced by Longman Group (FE) Ltd Printed in HongKong

ISBN D-5S5-25Q51-X

CONTENTS

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words beginning with ph words ending withpL words containing ph

page

Introduction 6

fraps 7

Double letter words 7double b 7

double c 7double d 7double f 7double g 8 8

double Idouble m 8 8double ndouble p (j

9double r 9double sdouble t 10 10double z

Went letter words 10silent b 10 11 11 11 11

silent gsilent k

silent psilent w

lll- 12

ia- 12

* 13gh silent 13

gh pronounced f 13gh pronounced g 13

4

ph

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chch pronounced soft (church) chpronounced hard (monarch)

tch

Words beginning with des Words

beginning with dis Words ending

with sion Words ending with el

Words ending with le Words

ending with arWords eliding with

or Words ending with our Words

ending with ance or ant Words

ending with ence or ent Words

ending with ense Words ending

with ible

1 Spelling jomed-up words2 -le- or -ei- (sounding ep3 -le or -ei~ (sound is not ep4 What to do with the final y (consonantyp5 What to do with the final y (vowel y)?

5

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Vowel, consonant, prefix, suffix,singular, plural, noun, adjective,verb

INTRODUCTION

6 What to do with the final e (when itgoes)?

1 7 What to do with the final e (when itstays)9

4:

8 What to do with the finalconsonant9

45

9 -ce or -se? 49

, iC -ee- or -e-? 50

r 11 Joining full' to another word 51

1

2

Joining 'full' to a double 1 word 5

2

13

Joining double 1 words to otherwords

53

14

Rules for plurals 54

Explanations of terms used in thisbook

55

6

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Double letter words

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Double h

abbreviateabbreviationbabbiedabbleflabby

gobblehobble

shabbyshrubberysquabblestubble

stubbornwobble

Double c

Doubled

hobbypebblerabbitrabblerobberrubberrubbish accelerate according oc

naccent account ocaccept accumulate ocaccessory accumulator ocaccident accurate ocacciaim accuse ocaccompanied accustom oc

eaccompany eccentric ocaccommodation

occasion ,su

accomplish occasional suaccomplished occasionally tob

addaddressfiddlegiddy

middlemuddle oddpuddle

riddleruddershuddersudden

Double f

8

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apparatusapparentappealappearappearanceappetiteapplause

Double i

arrangearrearsarrest

arrivebarrelbarrierbanistercarriage

Doubles

depressiondiscuss

dismissdissatisfiedembarrassedessayexcessexcessive

catarrhcorrespondenceembarrasserratichorriblehurricane

irregularirritable

expressharassed

harnessimpossibleissuemessagemessengernecessityirritateirritation

applied opposeappoint opposingapproach oppositeapproval oppressapproximate support

opponent

supporteropportunity suppress

Double p

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marriagequarrelquarryterribleterritorial

torrent

passagepassengerpassportpessimistpressureprocessionprofessionscissors

Double p

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attach attract lettuceattachment attractive matterattack battery mattressattempt battle motto

attire butt (barrel) settlementattitude cottage

smattering

Double z

blizzard dizzy muzzlebuzzard drizzle nozzle

dazzle embezzle puzzle

3a,........................................................33sr..............................................................33

ss......................................................33

Double p

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gh silent

gh pronounced f

cough enoughcoughing laughdraught laughter

acquainted guard quantity

annual - language quartercontinual manual quaverequal persuade quayequation persuasion situatedequator punctual squabbl

eestuary quaint squall

gradual qualify squanderguarantee quality square

thighthoroughthoughthoughtthrough

frightmightnoughtploughsight

boroughboughboughtdoughfought

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NOTE photograph

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Words containing ph

alphabetapostropheelephantemphasiseemphatic

geographymicrophone nepheworphansiphon orsyphonsphere

sulphursymphonytelephonetyphoon

ch pronounced 'soft' (as in

church or moustache)

avalanchebachelordetachment

machineryquenchsandwich

ch pronouned hard' (k sound as in monarch)

scheduletreacherywhich

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u 'f.n

batchbutchercatchdispatchordespatchditch

acheanarchyanchorarchitectchemist

echoesorchestraschemeschoolschooner

chemistrychoirchordchorusecho

patchstretchthatchedwatchwretch

fetchitchkitchenmatchnotch

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descenddescendantdescentdescribe

description deservedesigndesiredesponde

ntdestination destroydestruction

disable disastrous disobedientdisagreeable disciple dissectdisappoint discipline dissentdisarrange discuss dissipatedisaster dismiss dissolve

REMEMBER Most words that end with the 'shon'sound have the spelling tfon at the end. Hereare the most common words that have thespelling siozi

admission collision

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commissionconcussiondiscussionexpansionexpressionextension

occasionomissionoppressionpermissionpersuasionprovisionsessionsubmissionsuccession

transmission

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Words endingwith le

aislehandleprinciple

ankle iciclesaddle

axle musclespectacle

bicycle obstacle sprinklecradle people vehicle

Words ending with or

beggar familiar pillarburglar grammar popularcalendar guitar regularcellar irregular similarcollar peculiar vinegar

Words ending with or

angelcancelchannelchapelchisel

jewelkernellabeimodelpanel

parcelshoveltasseltrowel

vowel

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conductor interior sailorcorridor junior seniorcreator mayor solicit

ordoctor mirrorerror motor surviv

orexterior radiator tailorgovernor razor terrorinstructor reactor visitor

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Words ending with ance and ant

REMEMBER dependant is the spelling of the noun

Example After his wife's death, the poor man was

responsi ble for the welfare of six dependants: hisfive young

abundance descendant merchantabundant disturbance nuisanceaccountant extravagance peasantacquaintance extravagant performanc

eallowance fragrance perseveran

ceambulance fragrant pleasantannoyance grievance rampantappearance hindrance reliance

appliance ignorance reluctanceassistance ignorant reluctantassistant importance resemblanc

eattendance important restaurantbalance inhabitant sergeantcircumstance instance servantclearance instant tenantdefiance insurance vacantdefiant lieutenant vengeance

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children and his aged mother.

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absence efficient obedience

absent evidence obedientaccident evident occurren

ceadjacent excellence opponentapparent excellent parentaudience existence presencecircumference

frequent present

ohent impertinence

pretence

confidence impertinent prominence

confident impudence prominent

conscience impudent prudenceconsequence inconvenien

tprudent

convenience innocence referenceccnvenient innocent residence

despondenc

e

insolence resident

correspondent

intelligence sentence

offence intelligent silencedependence interference silentdifference magnificent torrentdifferent negligence violencediligent negligent violent

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MEMBER dependent is the spelling of the adjective

.r:'e While John studied ne was dependent on hiswife

IEMBER dependence is the correct spelling of theword 'hat describes the state of being dependent.

; -.e While John studied ne was dependent on his

wife's -irn:nqs, but his dependence did not affecttheir lives r he found weii-oa*:! work and stoppedbeing her \.pendant

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There arever> ofthose you

denseexpenseimmenseit^verase /'Cids

T : hkeiy 10need.

incensenonsense

recompense

Words? ending with Me

list containsmost

sensesuspensetense

Words ending withence and ent

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audiblecontemptiblecredibledivisibleediblefallibleforciblehorribleindelibleinfallibleinvincible

legibleplausiblepossible

responsiblesensibleterriblevisible

Words ending withence and ent

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WORDSTHATCONFUSE

Ail oui friends accepted ourinvitation, except Mrs Jones,who was ill

His injury did not affect himat the time, but its effectwas noticeablelater on.

We axe allowed to read mthis ward until ten o'clock,but not aloud, of course.

The fine carving on the altarwas damaged when the

church was altered last year

They worked with bare armsin the hot sun and red bearthe discomfort of sunburn fordavs.

The explains ate coarse foodand put up "vath .verse thingsin the course of their longmarch.

acceptexcept

affecteffect

allowedaloud

altaralter

barebear

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Currants usea to oe cheapfruit, butcooks use men"; sparingly at.current prices.

A member of the towncouncil for thirty years.Alderman Smith gave goodcounsel and loyal service.

coarsecourse

currantcurrent

councilcounsel

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Alone m the pitiless wanderer had crazy which he sawgoblets of; water and huge desserts of

fruit.

die Gathering clouds hid thedying sun,

dye but its rays still dyed the glowingsky.

Our builder has returned the firstdraft ofthe architect's plan, for

Dual control of the family was too biga strain, and the twin brothers foughta

An emigrant from England in I860, snestayed in Australia and 1 thespokeswoman for the ipopulation.

By flaunting their clothes and out- floutrageous hair-styles, young people

the authority of their