Title: Extraction of metals and reduction Date
Transcript of Title: Extraction of metals and reduction Date
Enter the room in silence. Put your planner, pencil case, exercise book and any other equipment you will need on your desk. Place your bags in the cupboards.
Title: Extraction of metals and reduction Date:
identify substances reduced by loss of oxygen
explain how extraction methods depend on metal reactivityinterpret or evaluate information on specific metal extraction processes.
Extraction, oxidation, reduction
Prior knowledge:
Activate- Extraction of metals and reduction
• Q. Where do metals come from?
PlatinumGoldSilverCopperLeadTinIron
ZincAluminiumMagnesiumCalciumLithiumSodiumPotassium
• The elements lowest on the reactivity series (beneath copper) are found as elemental metals.
• This is because they have such low reactivity, that they have remained uncombinedsince they were first formed billions of years ago….
• The only extraction that is needed, is to dig them up through mining.
Platinum
Gold
Silver
Ore
“A rock containing enough ofa metal for it to be economical
to extract.”
• Mining
Metal compound
• Crush and powder Ore.• Remove waste rock.
Elemental Metal
• Chemical Processes
Extracting MetalsHowever, most metals are found inside compounds inside ores.
• Shaped
Extracting MetalsHowever, most metals are found inside compounds inside ores, and require chemical processes to extract them.
PotassiumPotassium chlorideSylvite Ore
• Crush and powder Ore.• Remove waste rock.
• Chemical processes
Haematite Ore Iron oxide Iron
• Crush and powder Ore.• Remove waste rock.
• Chemical processes
What are the chemical processes?https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fxBIgbRT8fw
Reduction with carbon
Native elementsNo chemical processes needed
*
*
*Carbon and hydrogen* are not metals, but are often put on the reactivity series for comparison.
Activate- Chemical processes
Reduction with Carbon• Carbon will displace elements less reactive than it from their oxides.• The metal oxide is heated with carbon, and carbon dioxide + the pure metal are produced.
Reduction1. The removal of oxygen.
Example 1:Copper oxide + Carbon Carbon dioxide + Copper
2 CuO(s + C (s) CO2 (g) + 2 Cu(s)
Activate
Example 2:lead oxide + carbon carbon dioxide + lead
2 PbO(s) + C (s) CO2 (g) + 2 Pb(s)
Carbon is morereactive than lead
so is able to displace(reduce) it.
1. It’s had oxygen removed.
Activate- Reduction with Carbon
Example 3:tin oxide + carbon carbon dioxide + tin
SnO2(s) + C (s) CO2 (g) + Sn(s)
Carbon is morereactive than tin
so is able to displace(reduce) it.
1. It’s had oxygen removed.
Activate- Reduction with Carbon
Example 4:Iron (III) oxide + carbon carbon dioxide + iron
2 Fe2O3 (s) + 3 C (s) 3 CO2 (g) + 4 Fe(s)
Carbon is morereactive than tin
so is able to displace(reduce) it.
1. It’s had oxygen removed.
Activate- Reduction with Carbon
Self assessment & Corrections1. Metals can be found inside rocks called ______, which contain enough
metal for it to be ___________ to extract.
2. The metals that are found as native elements all have low ____________.They include ____________, _____________ and ______________.
3. Metals less reactive than carbon can be extracted using ______________.
4. Reduction involves heating the metal oxide in a ___________ with ____________. The __________ removes the oxygen and forms carbon_________. This ____________ the metal oxide, forming the pure ___________.
ores
economic
reactivity
silver gold platinum
reduction
furnacecarbon carbon dioxide
reduces metal
Keywords: Reduces, economic, ores Metal, Carbon, Carbon, Furnace, Dioxide, reduction, furnace
Demonstrate
Self assessment & Corrections
5. Complete the generic word equation for reduction:
Metal oxide + carbon _______________ + ____________
6. State the meanings of the word reduction:
• The removal of ____________.
carbon dioxide metal
oxygen
Demonstrate
7. Complete the reduction word equations.
Zinc oxide + __________ carbon dioxide + ____________
Iron oxide + carbon _______________ + ___________
_____________ + _____________ carbon dioxide + tin
lead oxide + _____________ ______________ + lead
________________ + carbon ____________ + copper
Self assessment & Corrections
carbon zinc
carbon dioxide iron
tin oxide carbon
carbon carbon dioxide
copper oxide carbon dioxide
Demonstrate
9. The reaction below does not occur, use the reactivity series to explain why.
Aluminium oxide + carbon carbon dioxide + Aluminium2 Al2O3 + 3 C 3 CO2 + 4 Al
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…
Self assessment & Corrections
• Carbon is less reactive than aluminium.• As it is lower on the reactivity series.• This means it cannot displace aluminium from its oxide.• So it cannot reduce it by removing the oxygen.
Demonstrate
Self assessment & Corrections
• Electrolysis
10. Name the method used the extract metals that are more reactive than carbon.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
We will study this in a few lessons time!
Demonstrate