Tissues

• Tissues– Group of cells with a common structure and function

– Types• Epithelial- Lines body surfaces; protection and prevents

dehydration• Nervous- nerve cells; body communication• Connective- support, connect, and insulate; fat, bone,

tendons, blood…• Muscle- enable movement; skeletal (conscious control),

smooth (involuntary), cardiac (heart)

Organs

• Organs- 2 or more types of tissues together to perform a specific function.

• We will cover…– Nervous– Circulatory– Respiratory– Digestive– But there’s more!!!!!!

Nervous System

• Made of neurons– Nerve cells that transmit info through the body

Structure

Dendrites

Cell Bodies

Axons

Myelin Sheath

C

B

A

How the neurons work

• Transmit an electrical impulse through neuron

• Each neuron has a resting potential

• When neuron carries a charge it reverses its resting potential (called Action Potential)

How the neurons work (cont..)• Electrical impulse goes

through axon to end of neuron

• Where the neuron meets another cell is called a synapse

• There is a gap at the synapse

• To transmit the signal through the gap, the neuron releases neurotransmitters

Drugs

• Many drugs prevent the reuptake of neurotransmitters (which means there is more molecules in between neurons) = feeling good– Cocaine (dopamine), Prozac (seratonin) (many anti-

depressants)…• Some mimic neurotransmitters

– Morphine, Codeine, Heroin (many pain killers)….• Some decrease neuron activity

– Alcohol

Nervous System Organization-Interprets and processes info

• Central Nervous system• Brain

– Cerebrum, Cerebellum, Brainstem

• Spinal Cord

1

2

3

Peripheral Nervous System

• Motor nerves – Send command from

CNS to muscles, etc.

• Sensory nerves– Send commands from

skin, etc. to CNS

How your body basically works.

• So Nerves essentially carry electricity• What happens when you get shocked?• What happens to your muscles when

shocked?• When you think, electricity is made. The

signal goes to your muscle, making it contract.

• What are your muscles connected to?• Therefore….

Your major bones

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

KL

Skull

ClavicleScapula

Humerus

Radius

Ulna

“Carpals””

Femur

Tibia

Fibual

Tarsals

Ribs

Sternum

M

Pelvic Girdle N

Patella O

Knee Problems

• http://www.aclsolutions.com/anatomy.php

• http://health.allrefer.com/pictures-images/acl-injury.html