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Transcript of Tim Roufs’ section. Primate taxonomic classification Monkeys Understanding Physical Anthropology...
Tim Roufs’ section
Primate taxonomic classification
Monkeys
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123
Primate taxonomic classification
Anthropoids
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123
Primate taxonomic classification
New WorldMonkeys
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123
Primate taxonomic classification
Old WorldMonkeys
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123
Primate taxonomic classification
Apes and
Humans
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123
Primates -- MonkeysPrimates -- Monkeys
B. ANTHROPOIDS1. Platyrrhines (“flat-nosed”)
a. Ceboidea(New World monkeys)
2. Catarrhines (“down-nosed”)
a. Cercopithecoids(Old World monkeys)
b. Hominoidea(apes and humans)
A. PROSIMII
New and Old WorldMonkeys
New WorldMonkeys
Old WorldMonkeys
ca. 50 mya
A Primate Family Tree
The Emergence of Humankind, 4th ed., p. 64
ca. 50 mya
New / Old World MonkeysNew / Old World Monkeys
• found only in South and Central America
New World Monkeys
Old World Monkeys
New World MonkeysNew World Monkeys
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 128
New / Old World MonkeysNew / Old World Monkeys
• found only in South and Central America
• Found in the tropical and temperate climates of “The Old World” and the Far East
New World Monkeys
Old World Monkeys
Old World MonkeysOld World Monkeys
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 129
Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 93
Distribution of Nonhuman Primates
Primates are tropical and temperate climate creatures
Humankind Emerging, 7th ed., p. 94
Vegetation Regions and Nonhuman Primates
New / Old World MonkeysNew / Old World Monkeys
• smallest and most divergent group of all anthropoids
New World Monkeys
Old World Monkeys
New / Old World MonkeysNew / Old World Monkeys
• some have lost prehensile tail
• tails are shorter and never prehensile
New World Monkeys
Old World Monkeys
New World Monkey:
Spider monkey (note prehensile tail)
p. 128
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 129
New / Old World MonkeysNew / Old World Monkeys
• flat faces with nostrils separated with wide septum and directed more to the side
• nostrils are much closer together and are directed forward and down
New World Monkeys
Old World Monkeys
p. 128
p. 129
New / Old World MonkeysNew / Old World Monkeys
• arboreal • except for baboon and mandrills the old world monkeys are usually arboreal
New World Monkeys
Old World Monkeys
Skeleton of an arboreal New World monkey
(New World Monkey: Bearded saki)
p. 128
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 121
Skeleton of a terrestrial quadruped
(Old World Monkey: Savanna baboon)
p. 129
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 121
New / Old World MonkeysNew / Old World Monkeys
• very reduced thumb
• in some, the thumb is reduced
• but in others it is not
New World Monkeys
Old World Monkeys
Old World Monkey: Macaque
p. 129
New / Old World MonkeysNew / Old World Monkeys
• usually have thick fur
• hair cover is light
New World Monkeys
Old World Monkeys
New / Old World MonkeysNew / Old World Monkeys
• lead away from main line of evolution
Old World MonkeysNew World Monkeys
New World MonkeysNew World Monkeys
New World Monkeys
New World Monkey: Black Howler Monkey
The Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 47
p. 128
New World Monkey: Red Howler Monkey
The Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 47
p. 128
New World Monkeys:
A pair of golden lion tamarinds
p. 128
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 128
New World Monkeys:
Howler monkeys
p. 128
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 128
New World Monkey: Woolly MonkeyThe Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 47
p. 128
New World Monkey: Squirrel Monkey
The Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 49
p. 128
Old World MonkeysOld World Monkeys
Old World Monkeys
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 8th ed., p. 127
Old World Monkeys: Macaques
p. 129
Old World Monkeys: Macaques
p. 129p. 129
Old World Monkeys: Macaques
p. 129
Old World Monkeys: Macaques
p. 129
abcnews.go.com/Technology/wireStory?id=5035837
Old World Monkeys: Longtail macaques
p. 129
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 151
Old World Monkeys: Baboons
p. 129
Old World Monkey: Savanna baboon (male)
p. 129
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 130
Old World Monkey: Savanna baboon (female)
p. 129
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 130
Old World Monkeys: Baboon troopDeVore (ed.), Primate Behavior, 1965) p. 70
p. 129
Old World Monkey: BaboonThe Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 119
p. 129
Old World Monkey: Baboon
The Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 117
p. 129
Old World Monkeys: Group of savanna baboons
p. 129
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 156
Old World Monkey: Adolescent savanna baboons
p. 129
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 149
Old World Monkey: Black and White Colobus
The Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 54
p. 129
Old World Monkey: Golden Langur
The Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 54
p. 129
Old World Monkeys: LangursThe Primates, Time-Life (1974) p. 100
p. 129
Old World Monkeys: Hanuman langurs
p. 129
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 153
Primate taxonomic classification
Apes Next:
Understanding Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 9th ed., p. 123