tile CLASSICS

ANNOUNCEMENT

Computing ~ ~ Classics, a quarterly newsletter reporting on computeractivity in research and instruction, begins publication with this issue.Continuing in the tradition of Dr. Stephen V.F. Waite's Calculi, this news-letter will report on recent publications involving computers and classics,and give notice of meetings and conferences where work involving classics andcomputers has been or will be discussed. In addition, Computing ~ ~Classics will offer information about courses using computer assistance fortheir instruction, announcements of institutes aimed at giving participantsfacility in using computers for research and instruction, and informationabout the availability of specialized hardware and software of particular useto the classicist. Funds for the initial publication of this newsletter arebeing provided by the College of Humanities and the Newark Campus of The OhioState University, and by the American Philological Association. Members ofthe Advisory Board for Computing ~ ~ Classics are Dee Clayman, Ge~aldCulley, Nathan Greenberg, Lee Pearcy, Cora Sowa, Stephen Waite, Micheal Rlleyrepresenting The Ohio State University, and William Wyatt, Jr. representingthe American Philological Association. The editor is Joseph Tebben, ClassicsDepartment, The Ohio State University, Newark, Ohio 43055. Those who haveinformation suitable for inclusion in this newsletter, and those who wish toreceive this newsletter at no cost, are invited to contact the editor.

MEETINGS

Four papers on computer applications are scheduled for presentation at theannual meeting of the American Philological Association at the Royal YorkHotel in Toronto, Ontario, December 27-29, 1984. Lee Curran will speak on"Gutenberg;" Jeffrey Rusten will present "Greek-English Word Processing onthe Apple Macintosh;" William West III will speak on "A Data Bank for theAttic Decrees to 318 B.C.;" and William Willis will present "The Duke DataBank of Documentary Papyri." Further information about the session may beobtained from Kathleen Mc Namee, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202.

The International Conference on Data Bases in the Humanities and SocialSciences will be held at Grinnell College June 22-24, 1985. The conferencewill include presentations, demonstrations, and vendor displays. Additionalinformation is available from the conference coordinator, Thomas Moberg,Grinnell College, P.o. Box 805, Grinnell, IA 50112.

The International Conference on Computer and the Humanities will be held atBrigham Young University June 26-28, 1985. Abstracts for papers and demon-strations which deal with the application of conputers to any area of thehumanities are due by November 15, 1984. Additional information is availablefrom Randall Jones, Humanities Research Center, Brigham Young University,Provo, UT 84602.

COMPUTING and the CLASSICS 2 November, 1984

COURSES

Dissertation Abstracts International (US ISSN 0419 4209), 44, 3 (September,1983) 693A,contains the summary of Joseph Rudman1s dissertation, "The Com-puter in Literary and Linguistic Usage: A Rationale and Guide for a GraduateEnglish Course." Rudman's earlier survey of courses in humanities givingfacility in computing was published in Computers ~ ~ Humanities, 12,3(1978) 253-279. Two courses aimed at giving an overview of computer applica-tions in the humanities and in classics were reported to the editor in asurvey of computer use in classics conducted by him in 1983. Nathan Greenbergand James Helm designed "Computer Applications in the Humanities" at OberlinCollege (Oberlin, OH 44074) for undergraduate students. The objectives of thecourse are to alert students to the possibilities in computer research and tomake students familiar with computer usage. The course offers weekly work-shops and demonstrations. Lee Pearcy offers "Computer Applications inClassics" to students at the University of Texas (Austin, TX 78712). pearcy'scourse shows students current applications and future possibilities of thecomputer in classics, and how to design and implement programs on the IBYCUSand other University computers. Both the Oberlin and Texas courses make useof Susan Hockey's p:. .§.!!~ ~ Computer Applications j!}. ~ Humanities(Baltimore, 1980).

WORK IN PROGRESS

Edward George, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, is involved in aproject on the works of Juan Luis Vives. Toward the goal of re-editing,George is compiling concordances of these works, beginning with the PompeiusFugiens and the Somnium ~ Vigilia]..!]. Somnium Scipionis. He welcomes corres-pondence with others interested in this project.

Ronald EPPt Memphis State UniversitYt Memphist TN 38152t is completing asecond draft of a bibliography of secondary literature on Stoicism. It willbe published with the proceedings of a conference on "Recovering the Stoicst"as a supplement to the Southern Journal of PhilosophYt in the Springt 1985.

HARDWARE

Mark Edwards, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, reports his success infinding a dot matrix printer capable of producing Greek and English goodenough for dissertations. A Fujitsu DPL 24 printer will be used with anIBM-PC and AcademicFont Greek. Stanford also will use an IBM-PC with expandedmemory to search the major authors of the TLG and APA repositories, stored onhard disk, by means of the Stanford MicroComputer rapid search program.

SOFTWARE

Three programs have recently been developed for Latin instruction. The devel-opers have provided the following summary information about their work.Requests and inquiries about these programs should be made directly to them.

COMPUTING and the CLASSICS 3 Novembers 1984

The University of Delaware1s Latin Skills series for microcomputers is nowavailable. Originally develop~ mainframe as PLATO coursewaret the seriesincludes five programs that deliver forty to sixty hours of instruction in theareas of morphologYt Latin sentence translationt and parsing of forms in Latinsentence context. Two of the programs deal with verb forms, one with noun/adjective phrasest and one each with translation and parsing. Generativeroutines are used to inflect the variable parts of speech and to judge partiallyincorrect forms by morphemic analysis. The series is available in severalversionst each keyed to a different Latin textbook. Four versions (WheelocktJenney, Ullmant Goldman/Nyenhuis) exist now and others will follow. The pro-grams run on Apple II+t IIet and IIc and run-alikes; they require 48K RAM andone disk drive. The package price of $395 includes five diskettes, a light pentand documentation. For more information write to the Office of Computer-BasedInstructiont University of Delawaret Main and Academy Streetst Newark, DE 19716.

SCI0 is an interactive Latin morphology program developed at Brooklyn College.Written in Basic, it runs on an IBM PC with 128K and needs a printer and colorgraphics monitor. SCI0 is tied to no one text and its sentences are machinegenerated according to simple composition rules. SCI0 has been used with greatenthusiasm by students in a "remedial" Latin class and by those in normal pacedclasses as well. Students either singly or in close-knit groups choose to drillverbs, nouns or adjectives in any of over a dozen ways. The most popular drillis the verb synopsis in which the student must type 20 forms of a randomlygenerated Latin verb plus its principal parts. An incorrect form is correctedinstantly and the correct form stays on the screen. A copy of the completeddrill is available to the students and the results of all attempts are recordedfor the instructors. SCI0 will be used again this year by a new remedial groupand by those in regular classes. Its capabilities will be expanded to includedrills on other parts of speech. A companion program still under constructionwill provide aid in parsing Latin sentences. For more information, contact PegKershenbaum, Department of Classics, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY 11210.

Marian S. Sniffen and Judith G. Rubenstein have developed programs for drillingstudents in the fundamentals of Latin. The program consists of 2 diskettes(BASIC) and THE PERMANENT LATIN NOTEBOOK. The diskettes run on Apple 11+,Apple lIe, and Franklin Ace. The PERMANENT LATIN NOTEBOOK contains rules offorming verb conjugations, noun declensions, adjective declensions, comparisonof adjectives, formation of adverbs, infinitives, syntax, and examples. Thecomputer programs allow the student to self drill conjugations, declensions,adjective comparisons, infinitives, and vocabulary. All programs proceed untilcompleted or until an error is entered. The program is branched to specify thenature of the error. For example, an error in a verb form would cause amessage indicating if the error was in the stem, the tense sign, or the personalpronoun ending of that verb. These programs supplement ANY Latin text. Theprograms are being used with 5 different texts at present. Both THE PERMANENTLATIN NOTEBOOK and the computer drills (DISCO) are available from Marian S.Sniffen/Judith G. Rubenstein, Latin Department, John Burroughs School, 755 SouthPrice Road, St. Louis, MO. 63124.

COMPUTING and the CLASSICS 4 Novembers 1984

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Computing ~ ~ Classics will cite in the Bibliography section publicationas it relates to actual or potential use of computers in research and instruc-tion in classics. To provide information about publication which has appearedsince the May, 1979, issue of Calculi, this issue contains bibliographicalitems relative to the field which have appeared from 1979 in these journals:~ Association f2.!:. Literary!!:!]i Linguistic Computing Bulletin (UK ISSN 03059855); The Association.f2.!:- Literary!!!JE. Linguistic C~mputing Journal (UK ISSN0143985sr; Computers and the Humanities (US ISSN 0010 4817); and The Inter-national Organization ~Ari'"CTent Languages Analysis ~ (IX ISSN 0"538 897X).The editor wishes to acknowledge the assistance of Dee Clayman and Lee Pearcy incompiling this bibliography. Subsequent issues of Computing and the Classicswill continue to report on appropriate publication which has appeare<rauring the1979-1984 period. Submissions for inclusion in the bibliography section arewelcomed by the editor.

c. Bertrand, "L'Histoire Auguste: formes verbales et structure des phrasesdans la Vita Hadriani et la Vita Heliogabali," Revue, 1982, 1-4, pp.59-79. Analysis reveals two entirely different type~narration.

J. D. Bolter, "A Greek and Latin Computer at Chapel Hill," Revue, 1982, 1-4,pp. 53-57. Brief report on the IBYCUS system and WORDSEARCH project atthe University of North Carolina.

Victoria Burrus, "Procedures and Progress on the Dictionary of the Old SpanishLanguage," CHum 17,4 (1983) 209-213. Discusses the use of a network ofcorrespondi~ditors, using microcomputers at their home institutions ormanually marking hard copy, in compiling this dictionary.

Delores Burton, "Automated Concordances and Word Indexes: The Fifties," ~15,1 (1981) 1-14. Recounts the earliest applications of computers toliterary texts, listing the people and events related to the production ofconcordances and indexes by computer.

-, "Automated Concordances and Word Indexes: The Early Sixties and the EarlyCenters," CHum 15,2 (1981) 83-100. Discusses the individuals involved inthe establ--,sii"ji1ent of literary computing centers at Cambridge, Liege, andPisa.

-, "Automated Concordances and Word Indexes: The Process, the Programs, andthe Products," ~ 15,3 (1981) 139-154. A survey of the input/output andprogramming facilities associated with concordance making over the past twodecades.

) "Automated Concordances and Word Indexes: Machine Decisions and Editor-ial Revisions," CHum 16,4 (1982) 195-218. Reflections on text selection,organization, lemmifization, use of frequency tables, and types of publi-cation.

Busa, "The Annals of Humanities Computing: The Index Thomisticus," CHum14, 2 (1980) 83-90. Gives a chronological account of the progress-ofthe thirty-three year project, with recommendations for pre-editing,lemmatizing, and processing of function and high frequency words.

R.

COMPUTING and the CLASSICS 5 November, 1984

Hubert Cancik, Hildegard Cancik-Lindemaier, Dirk Kotte, and Wilhelm Ott,"Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der Schemata-Forschung im lateinischenHexameter," Revue, 1979, 3, pp. 1-87. Discusses ideas on dactyl-spondeepatterns fro-m-DTonysius of Halicarnassus to Duckworth and analyses thelatter's study.

-, "Die uberlangen Worter im lateinischen Hexameter," Revue, 1982, 1-4,pp. 3-52. Analysis of words taking up six or more "metrical units,"i.e. possible syllable positions, in Latin hexameter.

Michael E. Davison, "Computer Analysis of Verb Forms in the Greek New Testa-ment," ALLC Bulletin 11 (1983) 68-72. A method for establishing thedistribUflOn of mood, tense and voice of Greek verb forms.

, "Paul v. Luke: A Computer Analysis of Some Differences," ALLC Bulletin12 (1984) 1-4. The differences include distribution of mooa-and tense,of sentence length, and of verbs in sentences.

L. Dawson, /fA Multi-language Multi-text Concordance as an aid inManuscript Study," CHum 14,1 (1980) 21-28. Discusses segmentation,alignment, and concoraTng of seven versions of the romance .FJ~ ~Blanchefleur, with potential applications for critical editions.

John

Vinton A. Dearing, "Computer-aided Textual Criticism: The Greek Text of theGospels Before the Tenth Century," ALLC Bulletin 7 (1979) 276-282. Twoprograms based on the genealogical methOd of Walter Greg.

Louis Delatte, "Recherches statistique sur les Heroides xvi et xvii d'Ovide,"~, 1979, 2, pp. 1-61. Statistical analysis distinguishes the styleof Paris's letter from Helen's. The differences correspond to differ-ences in their characters as presented by Ovid.

-,

"Horace, Odes: Etude thematique," Revue, 1980, 3, pp. 1-51. Aqua,deus, mare, do, multus, domus, and 44 other thematically significantwords.

Louis Delatte, S. Govaerts, J. Denooz, "Une experience d'enseignement assistesur micro-ordinateur," Revue, 1980, 2, pp. 1-14. Generative CAI used toprepare students to read Caesar.

,"La subordination en Latin," Revue, 1981, 1-4, pp. 1-195. Tables forvarious types of subordination in Caesar, Cicero, Curtius Rufus, Sallust,Tacitus, Livy, Catullus, Horace, Ovid, Persius, Propertius, Juvenal,Tibullus, Virgil, and Seneca Jr.

, "Quelques observations statistiques relatives a la subordination enLatin," Revue, 1982,1-4, pp. 139-162. Continuation of work presented in~, 198r;~ wi th a somewhat 1 arger data base.

Luciano Farina, "LDMS: A Linguistic Data Management System," CHum 17,3 (1983)99-120. Describes a screen editing model managem~ system formicrocomputers, designed for medieval Italian and Latin text processing.

COMPUTING and the CLASSICS 6 November, 1984

Sylvia Gaines, "Computerized Data BasesSituation," CHum 15,4 (1981) 223-226.Verhaeghe (ed:J: ~rchae~logy, NaturalEuropean Situation (Strasbourg, 1979).

A. Guenoche and A. Hesnard, "Typologie d'amphores Romaines par une MethodeLogique de Classification," CHum 17,4 (1983) 185-198. Describes atypological approach, using a--cTassification algorithm, to classifyingwine amphoras of the late Roman Republic and early Empire (Dressel 2-4).

Steven Hartman, "A Universal Alphabet for Experiments in ComparativePhonology," CHum 15,2 (1980) 75-82. Describes a phonological model forsimulating hlStOrical sound changes from Latin to Modern Spanish.

Tony Honore, "Some Simple Measures of Richness of Vocabulary," ALLC Bulletin7 (1979) 172-177. Two techniques are evaluated using salTip-re-s from 39Latin legal authors.

Antonio LaMarra, "Computers and philosophical Lexicography: The Activities ofthe Lessico Intellettuale Europeo," CHum 16,4 (1982) 223-228. Reports onactivities in compiling philosophicar-Texica and efforts to establish aThesaurus Mediae et Recentioris Latinitatis.

Gilles Maloney, "Particules et genres litteraires dans le Corpus Hippocra-.!1~,"~, 1980, pp. 1-20. Analyses the distribution of 17 particlesamong eight genres.

-,

"L'emploi des particules dan les oeuvres d'Hippocrate," Revue, 1980,4,pp. 1-31. Use of particles to show affinities of works within theHippocratic Corpus.

-, "De l'inconstance des particules dans le Corpus Hippocratique," ~,1980, 4, pp. 33-56. Their use of particles marks the writers of thecorpus more or less strongly.

A. Maniet, "De l' I Indo-Europeen' au Latin ancien par ordinateur: un pro-gramme de phono1ogie diachronique," Revue, 1979, 1, pp. 1-23. Presentsan algorithm for analysis of the ear1i~phono1ogica1 elements in Latin.

Andrew Morton, "The Annals of Computing: The Greek New Testament," CHum 14,3(1980) 197-199. Traces the author's efforts in fitting the cOffiPU£er toNew Testament studies, with comments on stylometry and chronometry.

essaiCarmelia Opsomer-Halleux, "Les etats du texte d'un Herbier medieval:de classement automatique," ~,1980, 2, pp. 9-58.

H. Van Dyke Parunak, "Prolegomena to Pictorial Concordances," CHum 15,1 (1981)15-36. Uses Old Testament book of Ezekiel to show--advantages oflinguistic density plotting in finding clusters of word themes.

COMPUTING and the CLASSICS 7 November, 1984

J. Penella, "Funcion y funcionamiento de la Cultura literaria," Revue, 1982,1-4, pp. 81-101. Texts and their analysis must be seen in a social andsemiotic context.

Rutten, "Aristote, Metaphysique Z: essai de stylometrie," Revue, 1982,1-4, pp. 163-192. Stylometric studies of the relation between Met. Z andr, H. -

Pierre Salat, "Mots-cles et mots evites en poesie et en prose," Revue, 1982,1-4, pp. 103-138. Words favored or avoided in poetry and pro~

John B. Smith, "Computers and Literary Theory," ALLC Bulletin 9 (1981) 1-5.Seminal discussion of the "computer critical perspective" as it derivesfrom the underlaying architecture of the computer, and its links withformalist, structuralist and semiotic schools of criticism.

S. R. Sparley, D. D. Reisman, P. C. Patton, "A Computerized Lexicon of TheSumerian Emesal Dialect," ALLC Bulletin 7 (1979) 283-294. A feasibilitystudy of computer applicatTOnsin Sumerian lexicography.

S. Spraycar, "Automatic Lemmatization in Serbo-Croatian," ~ Journal 1(1980) 55-59. Title misleading. The paper describes a method forfinding repetitions of phrases in Serbo-Croatian heroic poetry.

Pavel Vasak, "Textologie et modele de communication," Revue, 1979, 4, pp.31-46. Information theory provides a model for textUaTTty in literatureand for the relation of reader, text, and machine.

Wesley Walton, "Hiatus as a Measurement of Style," Revue, 1979, 4, pp. 1-29.Analysis of Hiatus shows close linguistic affinTt)ftHetween the letters ofEuripides and~. f£l., Thuc. 7.11-15.

Welsey Walton and James Joyce, "Computer Analysis of Hiatus," ALLC Bulletin 9(1981) 1-4. Greek text is searched for occurrences of hia~using threecommands available on the UNIX operating system.

M. P. Weitzman, "Computer Simulation of the Development of Manuscript Tradi-tions," !::J:l:f Bulletin 10 (1982) 55-59. Modelling of hypothetical manu-script traditions using probability and statistics to simulate theworkings of chance.

Stephen Usher and Dietmar Najock, "A Statistical Study of Authorship in theCorpus Lysiacum," CHum 16,2 (1982) 85-105. Using frequent words, wordclasses, and vocabu1arY richness tests on the thirty-five speeches of thecorpus, the study presents its results in a table of least and mostdivergent speeches.