Tiger Habitat Types: Classification of Vegetation Pornkamol Jornburom and Katie Purdham Kwanchai...
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Transcript of Tiger Habitat Types: Classification of Vegetation Pornkamol Jornburom and Katie Purdham Kwanchai...
Tiger Habitat Types: Classification of Vegetation
Pornkamol Jornburom and Katie Purdham
Kwanchai WaitanyakanWCS Thailand Program
Outline
Background Objectives Data Used Method• Classification• Tiger Occupancy Survey
ResultsConclusion
FOREST RESOURCES
• Forest cover 28% of land area• Protected area system 15% of land area
- National parks (102); wildlife sanctuaries (44)•National Forest & Forest plantations ~10%
• Land Area 513,000 km2 (198,000 mi2) (larger than California but less than Texas)
GENERAL INFOMATION
• Current population = 64 million
Area Background
Huai Kha Khaeng WS.• Area 2,780 sq.km• The major vegetation types
- Tropical evergreen forest
- Mixed deciduous forest • Elevations ranged from 200-1,560
msl.• 20 Park ranger stations • > 30 villages located around
Area Background
• Classify vegetation type in the HKK area• Analyze correlations between tiger occupancy
and vegetation types • Look into other possible explanations for tiger
occupancy (elevation, presence of streams, etc.)
Project Goals
• Landsat 5 (NDVI)– April/May 2011
• Landsat 5 (Classification)– 2004 Dry Season
• Tiger Occupancy Data– November, 2010- May, 2011
• Other Spatial Data (DEM, streams, villages)– Department of National Park, Wildlife, and Plant Conservation
Data
Image classification
Methods
• NDVI–Mosaic
• Unsupervised Classification– Preprocessed – K means, 9 classes, 15 iterations, convergence
threshold of .95
NDVI
Results Unsupervised Classification
Tiger occupancy surveyMap Survey Index of WEFCOM
Methods
Tiger occupancy survey
Methods
The proportion of sites occupied by species the or
“the probability that a site within a groups of sites is occupied” incorporated with detection probability.
- Occupancy
- Detection probability • Sign-based survey• Large landscape
Replicate scale Probability of habitat use
12
3
4 5
6
To investigate the tiger’s habitat-use within certain land cover types, each1-km transect was treated as the ‘site’ while the 100-meter segments represented ‘replicates.
Methods
When a sign of tigers is found at one replicate, successive replicates will have a much higher probability of the tigers being present than those farther away.
A single season custom spatial correlation model
Methods
• Forest type• NDVI• Elevation• Streams• Village• Ranger Station• Substrate
Ecological variables
Variable B SE Exp(B)Probability of Occupancy -0.323 6.570 0.724
-1.434 6.567 0.238-0.082 6.587 0.921
Large prey 0.055 0.060 1.057Medium prey 0.087 0.066 1.091Small prey -0.098 0.071 0.906NDVI 0.256 0.095 1.292DEM 0.152 0.110 1.164Village 0.081 0.084 1.084Stream -0.150 0.077 0.860Distance form Ranger Station -0.048 0.075 0.953Forest type: Evergreen Forest -0.292 6.567 0.075Forest type: Hill evergreen Forest -0.788 6.570 0.455Forest type: Mixed deciduous Forest -0.211 6.566 0.810Forest type: Dry dipterocarp Forest -0.048 6.567 0.954Forest type: Bamboo Forest -0.498 6.572 0.608Detection probability -0.216 38.457 0.805Substrate: Soft soil 0.153 38.460 1.166Substrate: Leaf Litter -0.717 38.455 0.488Substrate: Hard soil 0.347 38.459 1.415
Results
a is defined as the probability that tiger signs are present on a spatial replicate given that spatial replicateb, is defined as the probability that tiger signs are present on the spatial replicate given that spatial replicate is occupied and tiger sign was present on the previous spatial replicate
Estimates of B coefficient estimates for the logit link function
Accuracy AssessmentUnsupervised classification
Field Data
Dry evergreen
forest
Hill evergreen forest
Mixed deciduous forest
Dry dipterocarp
forest
Bamboo forest
Total
Dry evergreen forest 55 0 55 2 0 112
Hill evergreen forest 54 0 19 2 0 75
Mixed deciduous forest 30 0 226 20 0 276
Dry dipterocarp forest 3 0 92 7 0 102
Bamboo forest 0 0 23 2 0 25
Total 142 0 415 33 0 590
Dry evergreen forest Hill evergreen forest Mixed deciduous forest Dry dipterocarp forest Bamboo forest
Discussion and Future Projects
• Tiger Occupancy Data• Landsat 5• More and Better Data• Habitat Suitability Map
Discussion and Future Projects
Khao Nang Ram Wildlife Research Station, Thailand