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Transcript of Three Tools of Online Career & Technical Education Sam Cotton [email protected] Jim Flowers...
Three Tools of Online Career & Three Tools of Online Career & Technical EducationTechnical Education
Sam Cotton Sam Cotton [email protected]@bsu.edu
Jim FlowersJim [email protected]@bsu.edu
web.bsu.edu/jcflowers1/pres/3tools.pptDecember, 2003
Ball State University, Muncie, IN, USA
Our ContextsOur Contexts
Higher educationHigher education Online coursesOnline courses Blackboard Course ManagementBlackboard Course Management
Two Online MastersTwo Online Masters
MA in Career & MA in Career & Technical Technical EducationEducation
MA in Technology MA in Technology EducationEducation
www.bsu.edu/iandtwww.bsu.edu/iandt
Your Context?Your Context?
Who has taken an online class?Who has taken an online class? Who has taught an online class?Who has taught an online class? Who has taught using:Who has taught using:
– ChatChat– Threaded DiscussionsThreaded Discussions– Original Web PagesOriginal Web Pages
Three Tools of Online Career & Three Tools of Online Career & Technical EducationTechnical Education
ChatroomsChatrooms Threaded discussionsThreaded discussions Webpage creationWebpage creation
(Basic and Advanced)(Basic and Advanced)
Reasons for considering these Reasons for considering these three toolsthree tools
Common Online Instructional ToolsCommon Online Instructional Tools Low CostLow Cost Highly InteractiveHighly Interactive Powerful Cognitive ToolsPowerful Cognitive Tools
ChatroomChatroom
Live (synchronous) Live (synchronous) text-based text-based discussiondiscussion
Permanent Permanent discussion archivediscussion archive
Chatroom AdvantagesChatroom Advantages
Familiar to today’s studentsFamiliar to today’s students Live interactionLive interaction
– Social interactionSocial interaction– Personalized feedbackPersonalized feedback– Fast dialogFast dialog– TimelyTimely– Immediate decision makingImmediate decision making
MultitaskingMultitasking An archive may be createdAn archive may be created Scheduled meeting timesScheduled meeting times
Example: Online Office HoursExample: Online Office Hours
Chatroom DisadvantagesChatroom Disadvantages
Scheduled meeting timesScheduled meeting times Can be unruly with many chattersCan be unruly with many chatters Side discussions can be distractingSide discussions can be distracting Conversation may occur too fastConversation may occur too fast Delay time for answersDelay time for answers Scrolling can remove information from Scrolling can remove information from
viewview Content organized by time, not meaningContent organized by time, not meaning
Typical Chatroom ProceduresTypical Chatroom Procedures
Schedule meeting timeSchedule meeting time– Dictate a time; orDictate a time; or– Determine times from student schedulesDetermine times from student schedules
Prepare content, thoughts, and planPrepare content, thoughts, and plan Instruct students on proceduresInstruct students on procedures
– Find those who are lostFind those who are lost Start the conversation; ask questions; Start the conversation; ask questions;
introduce content; charge learners to introduce content; charge learners to respondrespond
Provide closureProvide closure
Common ProblemsCommon Problems
TimeoutsTimeouts Slow typistsSlow typists
– InstructorInstructor– StudentsStudents
Delay time, and confusionDelay time, and confusion Grammar, spellingGrammar, spelling MisunderstandingsMisunderstandings Some groups may need a leaderSome groups may need a leader Unsure of netiquette Unsure of netiquette
– CAPS, punctuation, etc.CAPS, punctuation, etc.
Problem: TimeoutsProblem: Timeouts
““AOL disconnected me!”AOL disconnected me!”
Reset your timeout durationReset your timeout duration Open a second browser windowOpen a second browser window (Timeouts are problematic for chats, (Timeouts are problematic for chats,
tests, & large discussion board tests, & large discussion board comments.)comments.)
Problem: Slow Typists & Delay timeProblem: Slow Typists & Delay time
InstructorInstructor• Prepare main points in advance for cut and Prepare main points in advance for cut and
paste.paste. StudentsStudents
• ““It’s okay.”It’s okay.”• Provide tools to simplifyProvide tools to simplify
Abbreviations (LOL, IMHO, TIA, tks)Abbreviations (LOL, IMHO, TIA, tks) Phrases (ditto)Phrases (ditto) Ellipses …Ellipses … Naming the addresseeNaming the addressee
Example: ConversationExample: Conversation
Example: ConversationExample: Conversation
Problem: Grammar, spellingProblem: Grammar, spelling
• ““Lighten up.”Lighten up.”• Errors can be expected in real time.Errors can be expected in real time.• ““If erroneous, you can rewrite.”If erroneous, you can rewrite.”
Problem: MisunderstandingsProblem: Misunderstandings
Be careful with humor.Be careful with humor. Clarify terminology.Clarify terminology. Help students with the precision of Help students with the precision of
their wording.their wording. Choose wording that does not Choose wording that does not
depend on body language or depend on body language or inflection.inflection.
Use emoticons. ;-) Use emoticons. ;-)
Problem: Some discussion groups Problem: Some discussion groups may need a leadermay need a leader
Instructor may guide the discussion.Instructor may guide the discussion. A group leader can be assigned.A group leader can be assigned. Other discussion roles can be Other discussion roles can be
assigned.assigned.
Problem: Unsure of netiquette Problem: Unsure of netiquette CAPS, punctuation, etc.CAPS, punctuation, etc.
Refer students to glossaries.Refer students to glossaries. Put extra effort into setting an example for Put extra effort into setting an example for
students.students. Provide constructive criticism, possibly Provide constructive criticism, possibly
privately.privately. Suggest alternative communication Suggest alternative communication
strategies or media.strategies or media.
Sample Emoticons & AcronymsSample Emoticons & Acronymsfrom www.sharpened.netfrom www.sharpened.net
Using chatrooms with other toolsUsing chatrooms with other tools
WhiteboardWhiteboard SlideshowSlideshow Sound & other Sound & other
mediamedia Group browserGroup browser
Chatroom Tool: Group BrowserChatroom Tool: Group Browser
But…But…
Chatroom discussions are Chatroom discussions are chronologically organized.chronologically organized.
Wouldn’t it be nice if they were Wouldn’t it be nice if they were organized by ideas?organized by ideas?
Threaded DiscussionThreaded Discussion www.webct.com/exemplary/viewpage?name=exemplary_2002_halaskawww.webct.com/exemplary/viewpage?name=exemplary_2002_halaska
Establishing discussion boardsEstablishing discussion boards
Size, usability, topicSize, usability, topic Anonymity?Anonymity? Student rightsStudent rights Helping students learn to use it wellHelping students learn to use it well
Example: Whole-class discussionExample: Whole-class discussion
Problem: A 20" wide mirror is to be Problem: A 20" wide mirror is to be installed on the wall of the men’s faculty installed on the wall of the men’s faculty lounge at a high school. Please assume lounge at a high school. Please assume that those using the mirror will be that those using the mirror will be typical high school teachers. Using typical high school teachers. Using anthropometric measurements, anthropometric measurements, determine the minimal length (i.e., determine the minimal length (i.e., height) and wall position of the mirror so height) and wall position of the mirror so that 90% of this population can view that 90% of this population can view their entire height.their entire height.
Graphic SupportGraphic Support
Example: Cooperative and Example: Cooperative and collaborative teamscollaborative teams
Fall, 2000 Online Class (Rose, 2002)Fall, 2000 Online Class (Rose, 2002)– web.bsu.edu/arose/Vita/MAROSE.pdfweb.bsu.edu/arose/Vita/MAROSE.pdf
3 Collaborative groups3 Collaborative groups– Infrequent MonitoringInfrequent Monitoring– ““Negotiate Group Process”Negotiate Group Process”
3 Cooperative groups3 Cooperative groups– Roles AssignedRoles Assigned– Frequent MonitoringFrequent Monitoring
ProblemProblem
Perform and Publish an Online Report Perform and Publish an Online Report of a Technology Assessment on the of a Technology Assessment on the Health and Wellness Impacts of Health and Wellness Impacts of Computer Use by ChildrenComputer Use by Children
Roles in Cooperative GroupsRoles in Cooperative Groups
Health and Wellness SpecialistHealth and Wellness SpecialistEducation SpecialistEducation SpecialistEconomics SpecialistEconomics SpecialistWeb SpecialistWeb SpecialistLead EditorLead Editor
Assigning Roles:Assigning Roles:
Had an impact in group work.Had an impact in group work. Seemed to jump start group Seemed to jump start group
conversations.conversations. Gave learners a frame of reference Gave learners a frame of reference
for their initial work and dialog.for their initial work and dialog. Provided for better understanding of Provided for better understanding of
the expectations of teammates.the expectations of teammates.
Follow-up Study: Cognitive Role Follow-up Study: Cognitive Role AssignmentAssignment
Rose & Flowers, 2003Rose & Flowers, 2003– web.bsu.edu/arose/Distance_PBL.pptweb.bsu.edu/arose/Distance_PBL.ppt
6 Cooperative Learning Groups with 6 Cooperative Learning Groups with Roles Based on “Learning” Tasks:Roles Based on “Learning” Tasks:– InferencerInferencer– SummarizerSummarizer– Possibility GeneratorPossibility Generator– Cognitive StrategistCognitive Strategist
Jigsaw ApproachJigsaw Approach
Each team of 4 had its private forum.Each team of 4 had its private forum. Each person was assigned a role.Each person was assigned a role. A separate forum was established for A separate forum was established for
each role.each role.
Result: Increased Cognitive Result: Increased Cognitive DialogDialog
Function by Week, Fall 2001
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
1 2 3 4 5 6
Week
% o
f U
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s
CognitiveOrganizationMetacognitiveSocial
Function by Week, Fall 2000
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
1 2 3 4 5 6
Week
% o
f U
nit
s
Function Over TimeFunction Over Time
Other RolesOther Roles
Starter – WrapperStarter – Wrapper Pro vs. ConPro vs. Con Blood-letter, social worker, devil’s Blood-letter, social worker, devil’s
advocate, etc.advocate, etc. Role playing: “You are this author: Role playing: “You are this author:
____”____”
Original WebpagesOriginal Webpages
Student-created Student-created Instructor-createdInstructor-created
Student WebpagesStudent Webpages
Creative empowermentCreative empowerment Ice-breakers, Who’s whoIce-breakers, Who’s who Self-publishing Self-publishing higher quality? higher quality? Feedback from across the globeFeedback from across the globe Can use Web featuresCan use Web features
– HypertextHypertext– MediaMedia– InteractionInteraction– NN
Student WebpagesStudent Webpages
Helpful to future studentsHelpful to future students Makes them seem steeped in Makes them seem steeped in
technologytechnology Useful in job searchesUseful in job searches Can transfer large or complex filesCan transfer large or complex files Can avoid virus protection barriersCan avoid virus protection barriers Training neededTraining needed Server space neededServer space needed
HomepagesHomepages
Individual ReportsIndividual Reports
Online Group ReportsOnline Group Reports
Instructor’s WebpagesInstructor’s Webpages
Course informationCourse information ResourcesResources Content / InformationContent / Information InstructionInstruction OtherOther
Instructor’s Creation IssuesInstructor’s Creation Issues
Do I create, or use an existing item?Do I create, or use an existing item? AccessAccess OwnershipOwnership CopyrightCopyright Designed for multiple platformsDesigned for multiple platforms UsabilityUsability ReusabilityReusability
Creating reusable learning objectsCreating reusable learning objects
Online Web pagesOnline Web pages Small chunks of informationSmall chunks of information Grouped into small chunks of Grouped into small chunks of
instructioninstruction Capable of being reused, remixed, Capable of being reused, remixed,
repurposedrepurposed For more information, see:For more information, see:
– Web.bsu.edu/jcflowers1/mod/Web.bsu.edu/jcflowers1/mod/
Chunking to reduce granularityChunking to reduce granularity
Module on Learning Objects:Module on Learning Objects:web.bsu.edu/jcflowers1/modweb.bsu.edu/jcflowers1/mod
Creating for the lowest common Creating for the lowest common denominatordenominator
Alternatives for sound, video, large Alternatives for sound, video, large graphicsgraphics
Multiple formatting of informationMultiple formatting of information Provide alternatives for different Provide alternatives for different
learning styles and needslearning styles and needs
SummarySummary
Three evolving tools, there are othersThree evolving tools, there are others Don’t be afraid to get startedDon’t be afraid to get started After building some confidence, try After building some confidence, try
new more advanced strategiesnew more advanced strategies Be aware of the lowest common Be aware of the lowest common
denominatordenominator With more experience, your teaching With more experience, your teaching
will likely become better and easier.will likely become better and easier.
Course Management ResourcesCourse Management Resources
Blackboard (and Prometheus) Blackboard (and Prometheus) www.blackboard.comwww.blackboard.com
WebCT WebCT www.webct.comwww.webct.com eCollege eCollege www.ecollege.comwww.ecollege.com Syberworks Syberworks syberworks.comsyberworks.com FirstClass FirstClass www.firstclass.comwww.firstclass.com ELearnGate (formerly Convene) ELearnGate (formerly Convene)
www.learntechpartners.com/elearngate/www.learntechpartners.com/elearngate/
ReferencesReferences
Chatroom Abbreviations Chatroom Abbreviations http://www.sharpened.net/glossary/ahttp://www.sharpened.net/glossary/acronyms.phpcronyms.php
Emoticons Emoticons http://www.sharpened.net/glossary/ehttp://www.sharpened.net/glossary/emoticons.phpmoticons.php
Three Tools of Online Career & Three Tools of Online Career & Technical EducationTechnical Education
Sam Cotton Sam Cotton [email protected]@bsu.edu
Jim FlowersJim [email protected]@bsu.edu
web.bsu.edu/jcflowers1/pres/3tools.pptweb.bsu.edu/jcflowers1/pres/3tools.ppt