THREATS TO THE COMMUNAL PASTURE SYSTEM IN USANGU PLAINS, TANZANIA

GROUP MEMBERS

NAMES ROLL NO.

AKSHAYA ANANT 28

GAUTAM KUMAR 29

VIVEK KUMAR 31

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

PROBLEMS

GOVT. PROPOSAL

FRAMEWORK OF USANGU TANZANIA

RESULTS

RULES AND REGULATION

CONCLUSION

TANZANIA

INTRODUCTION

Tanzania’s vast grasslands, numerous water courses and dry season swamps made the planes favourable for livestock herding.

Tanzania and elsewhere negative perceptions pervade pastoral policy and management, especially in regard to livestock mobility and the migration of pastoralists to new territories outside.

Pastoralists suffer from the effects of settlement, encroachment on their traditional pastures

Lack of understanding of pastoralism by policy makers

Twin encroachment by state and private interests

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

To understand the situation of common property resource in Usangu Tanzania

To understand the degrading pastural land in Usangu Tanzania

To protect land resources from degradation for sustainable development.

PROBLEMS

Intense grazing pressure on the remaining grasslands is causing severe bush encroachment, rendering them less productive for grazing.

Livestock diseases has become rampant in the region and mortality rates are high.

This made migration easier and hard to exclude outsiders.

National identity of Tanzanians, as opposed to individual ethnic identities, was emphasized.

GOVT. PROPOSAL

Establishing “range development areas”, where each area would have a corresponding range development commission for controlling settlement and natural resource use. Range development areas would be managed as communal property, and corporate groups of herders would be allowed to form ranching organization there

It will encourage pastoral communities to form savings and credit institutions such as savings and credit societies, trust funds and rural banks. In addition, financial institutions will be encouraged to work with pastoral communities to develop an appropriate credit system.

while the Government encourages livestock owners in overgrazed areas to move to lower stocked areas

Framework

Availability of Grazing Ground

Grazing and agriculture

Denial of non-sangu people

Promote efficient utilization of rangelands & Empower pastoralist institutions

Sangu People

Govt. & Sangu Chief

Degraded Pasture

land

Tradition

Results Extensive areas of pasture were used for small scale irrigated rice

production by immigrants.

Currently 25 different ethnic farmer groups reside there claiming the lands they have developed for agriculture

Remaining rangeland became open access

Remaining rangeland is shared by 6 ethnic group of livestock herders

They follow their own cultural practices disrupting practices of another group

Presently there is no regional resource management framework

If reserve is created animals would be excluded and pastoral economic would collapse.

Severe encroachment caused by grazing pressure on the remaining land.

Rules and laws

Certificates of village land will be issued to protect common property regimes.

The Government will recognise and respect the rights of pastoral communities to their traditional grazing lands and will promote communal initiatives for better management and integrated exploitation of rangeland resources.

Security of tenure for pastoralists in pastoral land areas will be guaranteed by appropriate measures including gazetting to protect grazing lands from encroachment.

CONCLUSION

Demarcation and titling of land and elimination of mobility is the most popular approach being proposed by the government in almost all policies and strategies.

privatisation of land which is likely to have very negative consequences for the poorer members of the community because they will be denied access to the resources which are currently accessible to all.

Need of common property rights and Mutual understanding among the sangu people

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