Threats: Disease, Exotics, Trees,& Facts. Threats to smokies Air pollution, acid precipitation,...

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Threats: Disease, Exotics, Trees,& Facts

Transcript of Threats: Disease, Exotics, Trees,& Facts. Threats to smokies Air pollution, acid precipitation,...

Page 1: Threats: Disease, Exotics, Trees,& Facts. Threats to smokies Air pollution, acid precipitation, exotic species, apathy, lack of funding.

Threats: Disease, Exotics, Trees,& Facts

Page 2: Threats: Disease, Exotics, Trees,& Facts. Threats to smokies Air pollution, acid precipitation, exotic species, apathy, lack of funding.

Threats to smokies

•Air pollution, acid precipitation, exotic species, apathy, lack of funding.

Page 3: Threats: Disease, Exotics, Trees,& Facts. Threats to smokies Air pollution, acid precipitation, exotic species, apathy, lack of funding.

Invasive Exotic Species

• Plants 40 invasive/380 exotic- privet, mimosa, fescue and Johnson grass, Kudzu, tree of heaven, Japanese grass, multiflora rose, garlic mustard, oriental bittersweet, Japanese honeysuckle, musk thistle

Page 4: Threats: Disease, Exotics, Trees,& Facts. Threats to smokies Air pollution, acid precipitation, exotic species, apathy, lack of funding.

Garlic mustard, Kudzu, Mimosa, multiflora rose

Page 6: Threats: Disease, Exotics, Trees,& Facts. Threats to smokies Air pollution, acid precipitation, exotic species, apathy, lack of funding.

Dogwood A, Beech scale insect and fungus, Wild Hog

Page 7: Threats: Disease, Exotics, Trees,& Facts. Threats to smokies Air pollution, acid precipitation, exotic species, apathy, lack of funding.

• Destructive non-natives include the balsam woolly adelgid, dogwood anthracnose, Chinese chestnut blight, Dutch elm disease, beech bark disease, hemlock woolly adelgid, and the gypsy moth.

Page 8: Threats: Disease, Exotics, Trees,& Facts. Threats to smokies Air pollution, acid precipitation, exotic species, apathy, lack of funding.

American chestnut

Page 9: Threats: Disease, Exotics, Trees,& Facts. Threats to smokies Air pollution, acid precipitation, exotic species, apathy, lack of funding.

Diseases

•Chestnut blight fungus-killed American chestnut.

•Dutch elm disease-elm trees

Page 10: Threats: Disease, Exotics, Trees,& Facts. Threats to smokies Air pollution, acid precipitation, exotic species, apathy, lack of funding.

Elm trees

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• More conspicuous alien species such as wild hogs, rainbow trout, and a host of invasive vascular plants are also damaging natural systems.

Page 12: Threats: Disease, Exotics, Trees,& Facts. Threats to smokies Air pollution, acid precipitation, exotic species, apathy, lack of funding.

Hemlock WA, Gypsy moth, Larvae

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BWA

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• These unwelcome pests have already caused major forest changes, and they threaten to do even more damage in the immediate future.

Page 15: Threats: Disease, Exotics, Trees,& Facts. Threats to smokies Air pollution, acid precipitation, exotic species, apathy, lack of funding.

• Several common forest ecosystems are threatened by non-native insects and diseases unintentionally imported into north America

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Tree identification (intro)

•Best identified by leaves/needles, also bark, shape, size.

Page 17: Threats: Disease, Exotics, Trees,& Facts. Threats to smokies Air pollution, acid precipitation, exotic species, apathy, lack of funding.

Ex. Pine trees-needles in bunches

• Bundle of 5-white pine(3-5in needles)

• Bundle of 2-red pine(4-7in)

• Bundle of 2 jack pine(1in)

• Bundle of 3-loblolly pine(5-9in needles)

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White Pine

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Jack Pine

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Loblolly

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Parting facts

• Smokies highest peak- Clingman’s Dome 6,643ft

• Highest Appalachian peak- Mt. Mitchell 6,683ft

• April is peak wildflower month!

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Highest Elevation Campsite and Shelter

• Mt. Sterling #38-5820ft

• Mt. Leconte Shelter-6440ft

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Top ten peaks (elevation ft)• Clingmans dome- 6,643• Mount Guyot- 6,621• Mount Le Conte (high top)- 6,593• Mount Buckley- 6,580• Mount Love- 6,420• Mount Chapman- 6,417• Old Black- 6,370• Luftee Knob- 6,234• Mount Kephart- 6,217• Mount Collins- 6,118