THOMAS PAUL SCIENCE QUIZ

2015 THE PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY CLUB LOYOLA SCHOOL

THOMAS PAUL SCIENCE QUIZ

PRELIMS- ANSWERS

RULES• 20 Questions.• No Negative Marking. • Hints are purely on the discretion of the Quizmaster.• Question Numbers 16-20, are star marked questions and will

be used in case of tiebreakers. • Top 6 Schools Qualify.• Switch of all electronic devices.

1.

• The Bessemer process was the first inexpensive industrial process for the mass-production of X from molten pig iron prior to the open hearth furnace. The key principle is removal of impurities from the iron by oxidation with air being blown through the molten iron. The oxidation also raises the temperature of the iron mass and keeps it molten.

• Related decarburizing with air processes had been used outside Europe for hundreds of years, but not on an industrial scale. The process has existed since the 11th century in East Asia, where the scholar Shen Kuo describes its use in China . In the 17th century, accounts by European travellers detailed its possible use by the Japanese. The modern process is named after its inventor, the Englishman Henry Bessemer, who took out a patent on the process in 1856.

• In the manufacturing of what is the Bessemer process used?

ANSWER

•STEEL

2.

• Takaai Kajita of Japan and Arthur Mcdonald of Canada won the Nobel Prize in Physics on their study of a subatomic particle. They researched on the oscillation theory of a sub-atomic particle which was believed to have no mass. Their oscillation theory proved that these subatomic particle do have mass.

• They won the Nobel Prize for their research on which sub-atomic particle ?

ANSWER- NEUTRINOS

3.

• Since 2008, the WHO has put its weight behind a six-prong strategy titled MPOWER, which stands for Monitor, Protect, Offer help, Warn about, Enforce bans and Raise taxes. Which 'worldwide epidemic' are they targeting thus?

ANSWER

4.

• Identify this scientist on the cover of the Time Magazine?

ANSWER

•R BUCKMINISTER FULLER

5.

• Todd's syndrome is a disorienting neurological condition that affects human perception. People experience micropsia, macropsia, pelopsia, teleopsia, or size distortion of other sensory modalities. It is often associated with migraines, brain tumors, and the use of psychoactive drugs. It has a more common name. It is named after literary character who experiences numerous situations similar to those of micropsia and macropsia. Name the literary character.

ANSWER•ALICE IN WONDERLAND SYNDROME

6.

• Johann Josef Loschmidt first calculated the value of this constant, often referred to as the Loschmidt number in German-speaking countries (Loschmidt constant now has another meaning). Which constant Is named in the honor this scientist shown in the picture ?

ANSWER

7.

• Identify this personality

ANSWER

8.

• On 18 March 1965, Alexy Leonov became the first human to do something, commemorating him USSR issued this 10 kopek stamp. Alexy Leonov was the first to an EVA. Expand EVA or what is an EVA ?

ANSWER• EVA= Extra Vehicular Activity / First Ever Space Walk

9.

• This location where a very infamous incident took place in the town of Pripyat is now a wild life spot. After 29 long years in October 2015 after the incident this place now teems with Moose, Roe deer, Japanese macaque, wild boars and wolves.

• Which incident took place at this location which is now a wildlife spot?

ANSWERCHERNOBYL DISASTER

10.

• Built in 1642, termed as the first mechanical calculator. What is this ?

ANSWER

•PASCALINE

17.

• Identify the scientist commemorated in the Google Doodle

ANSWER

12.

• The X is an equinoctial sundial, consisting a gigantic triangular gnomon with the hypotenuse parallel to the Earth's axis. On either side of the gnomon is a quadrant of a circle, parallel to the plane of the equator. The instrument is intended to measure the time of day, correct to half a second and declination of the Sun and the other heavenly bodies. In the 18th century these were constructed by Maharaja Jai Singh II with the primary purpose of the observatory was to compile astronomical tables, and to predict the times and movements of the sun, moon and planets.

• The name X translates into calculation instrument in Hindi, Identify X.

ANSWER Jantar Mantar

13.

• List of What ?

ANSWER MOST NO. OF PATENTS

14.

• According to Google Calculator, “_______________" is equal to 1.16699016 × 10-8 hertz. The hertz is a unit of frequency (one per second), and thus if the mean length of time between ____ ____ (2.7145 years according to Google) is metricated and converted to a frequency (by calculating the multiplicative inverse), it can be expressed in terms of hertz.

• Explanation of which English phrase?

ANSWER

15.

• In 1917, when the American brand Colgate came to India, they were surprised to see Indians use salt and X to clean their teeth. They suggested that their toothpastes were much better than what they were using (i.e salt and X) . In the 20th Century they started advertising toothpastes whose main ingredient was salt, but in 2015 they launched a new brand of toothpaste which consisted salt and X. The tagline used by them was that “Our toothpaste consist of X which is very good for white teeth” .

• Hence when this was launched they were mocked by Indians, so the question here is what did Colgate add in their new toothpaste brand which Indians have using it since the last 97 years.

ANSWER

16.

• This is a still from the movie Interstellar, Identify the man shown in the picture.

ANSWER Kip Thorne

17.

• In medical science, this is the first kind of what ?

ANSWER

18.

• The name of this metal derives from a Spanish word which means "little silver", because it was first encountered in a silver mine.It is the least reactive metal. It has remarkable resistance to corrosion, even at high temperatures, and is therefore considered a noble metal. It is now used in catalytic converters, laboratory equipment, electrical contacts and electrodes, thermometers and dentistry equipment. Being a heavy metal, it leads to health issues upon exposure to its salts, but due to its corrosion resistance, it is not as toxic as some metals.

• Which metal are we talking about which also considered as a symbol of prestige ?

ANSWER

19.

• The soleus is a powerful muscle in the back part of the lower leg (the calf). It runs from just below the knee to the heel, and is involved in standing and walking. The action of the calf muscles, including the soleus, is plantarflexion of the foot (that is, they increase the angle between the foot and the leg). They are powerful muscles and are vital in walking, running, and dancing. The soleus specifically plays an important role in maintaining standing posture; if not for its constant pull, the body would fall forward.

• Also, in upright posture, the soleus is responsible for completing a system. It acts as a pseudo organ, hence it gets a very peculiar name. How do we know the soleus muscle ?

ANSWERPeripheral Heart / Second Heart/ Sural Pump/ Skeletal-Muscle Pump

20.

"Hiding in the Light" is the fifth episode of the American documentary television series Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey.

The asteroid 59239

ANSWER Alhazen

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