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This document is a contribution of the Moorea Coral Reef LTER (OCE 04-17412)

June 8, 2007

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Volume II. Appendices

Table of Contents

Appendix I. MCR Publications……………………………….................................................. 1 Appendix II. MCR Presentations…………………………………………………………....... 5 Appendix III. Workshops Organized………………………………………………..……….. 17 Appendix IV. Biographical Sketches of MCR Investigators………………………………… 19 Appendix V. Biographical Sketches of MCR Postdoctoral Associates.………………........... 41 Appendix VI. Profiles of MCR Graduate Students…………………….…………………….. 51 Appendix VII. List of MCR Field and Laboratory Equipment…………………………......... 85

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Appendix I. MCR Publications

JOURNAL PUBLICATIONS In Press Apprill, A.M., R.R. Bidigare and R.D. Gates. 2007. Visibly healthy corals exhibit variable pigment

concentrations and symbiont phenotypes. Coral Reefs, In Press. Buenau, K., R. Rassweiler and R.M. Nisbet. 2007. The effects of landscape structure on space competition and

alternative stable states. Ecology, In Press. Elahi, R. and P.J. Edmunds. 2007. Indeterminate growth of the solitary coral, Fungia concinna (Verrill): does

photosynthetic energy intake limit maximum size? Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, In Press.

Gamino-Padilla, J.L. and R.C. Carpenter. 2007. Thermal ecophysiology of Laurencia pacifica and Laurencia

nidifica (Ceramiales) from tropical and warm-temperate regions. Journal of Phycology, In Press. Lesser, M. P., J.C. Bythell, R.D. Gates, R.W. Johnstone and O.H. Guldberg. 2007. Are infectious diseases really

killing corals? Alternative interpretations of the experimental and ecological data. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, In Press.

Mayfield, A.B. and R.D. Gates. 2007. Osmoregulation and osmotic stress in coral dinoflagellate symbiosis: role

in coral bleaching. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, In Press. Rosman, J. H., J.L. Hench, J.R. Koseff and S.G. Monismith. 2006. Extracting Reynolds stresses from acoustic

Doppler current profiler measurements in wave-dominated environments. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, In Press.

In Revision Edmunds, P.J. 2007. Seawater temperature mediates growth scaling in juvenile scleractinian corals. Marine

Biology, In Revision. Morrow, K. and R.C. Carpenter. 2007. Kelp canopies act as ecosystem engineers: Mediation of facilitation

between understory algae and Corynactis californica [Corallimorpharia]. Marine Ecology Progress Series, In Revision.

In Review Ferrier, G.A. and R.C. Carpenter. Flow microhabitats, algal biomechanics, and drag mediation. Marine Ecology

Progress Series, In Review. Ferrier, G.A. and R.C. Carpenter. Subtidal benthic heterogeneity: impacts on the flow environment, and marine

algal community structure and morphology. Marine Ecology Progress Series, In Review. Gamino-Padilla, J.L. and R.C. Carpenter. Seasonal acclimatization of Asparagopsis taxiformis from different

biogeographic regions. Limnology and Oceanography, In Review. Haring, R.N. and R.C. Carpenter. The effects of light and water flow on the thallus morphology of Pachydictyon

coriaceum (Phaeophyta). Marine Biology, In Review. Hench, J.L., J.J. Leichter and S.G. Monismith. Wave-driven circulation in a stratified lagoon, reef, and pass

system. Limnology and Oceanography, In Review.

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Horst, G. and P. Edmunds. The effects of temperature and pCO2 on calcification and photophysiology of the reef corals Madracis mirabilis and Porites rus. Limnology and Oceanography, In Review.

Lape, J.C.P., R.J. Schmitt, A.J. Brooks and S.J. Holbrook. Factors influencing the quality of a structural refuge:

effects of co-occupants and local setting. Oecologia, In Review. Lenihan, H.S., M. Adjeroud, J. Hench, M. Kotchen and T. Nakamura. Effects of environmental conditions and

reef structure on coral bleaching. Ecological Applications, In Review. Lenihan, H.S. and M. Adjeroud. Physical-biological coupling on coral reefs: current flow reduces bleaching and

mortality. Oecologia, In Review. Lison de Loma, T., C.W. Osenberg, J.S. Shima, Y. Chancerelle, N.Davies, A.J. Brooks and R. Galzin. Assessing

the impact of marine protected areas in Moorea (French Polynesia). Pacific Science, In Review. Morrow, K. and R.C. Carpenter. Effects of macroalgal thallus morphology on rates of particle capture by the

Corallimorpharian Corynactis californica. Marine Biology, In Review. 2007 Apprill, A.M. and R.D. Gates. 2007. Recognizing the complexity of coral endosymbiotic communities.

Molecular Ecology 16:1127-1134. Brooks, A.J., S.J. Holbrook and R.J. Schmitt. 2007. Patterns of microhabitat use by fishes in the patch-forming

coral Porites rus. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Supplement No. 14:227-236. Carpenter, R.C. and S.L. Williams. 2007. Mass transfer limitation of photosynthesis of coral algal turf

communities. Marine Biology 151:435-450. Gamino-Padilla, J.L. and R.C. Carpenter. 2007. Seasonal acclimatization of Asparagopsis taxiformis from

different biogeographic regions. Limnology and Oceanography 52:833-842. Penin, L., M. Adjeroud, M. Schrimm and H.S. Lenihan. 2007. High spatial variability in coral bleaching around

Moorea (French Polynesia): patterns across locations and water depths. Comptes Rendus Biologies 330:171-181.

Schmitt, R.J. and S.J. Holbrook. 2007. Predicting the magnitude of temporal variation in young-of-year class

strength of surfperch (Teleostei: Embiotocidae). The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Supplement No. 14:155-160.

Schmitt, R.J. and S.J. Holbrook. 2007. The scale and cause of spatial heterogeneity in the strength of temporal

density dependence. Ecology 88:1241-1249. Stewart, H.L., C.E. Payri and M.A.R. Koehl. 2007. The role of buoyancy in mitigating reduced light interception

for macroalgae in aggregations. Journal of Marine Biology and Ecology 343:11-20. 2006 Brooks, A.J. 2006. Digital Moorea: The implementation of a wireless sensor network for the monitoring of coral

reefs. Proceedings of the Workshop on the Adoption of Sensor Networks by Coastal Managers. www.coralreefeon.org. Pp. 11-16.

Bruno, J.F., S.C. Lee, J.S. Kertesz, R.C. Carpenter, Z.T. Long and J.E. Duffy. 2006. Partitioning the effects of

algal species identity and richness on benthic marine primary production. Oikos 115(1):170-178.

http://www.coralreefeon.org/

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Carpenter, R.C. and P.J. Edmunds. 2006. Local and regional scale recovery of Diadema promotes recruitment of scleractinian corals. Ecology Letters 9(3):268-277.

Holbrook, S.J., A.J. Brooks and R.J. Schmitt. 2006. Relationships between live coral cover and reef fishes:

implications for predicting effects of environmental disturbances. Proceedings of the 10th International Coral Reef Symposium 241-249.

Ridgeway, T. and R.D. Gates. 2006. Why are there so few genetic markers available for coral population

analyses? Symbiosis 41:1-7. Schmitt, R.J. and S.J. Holbrook. 2006. Developmental delays, recruitment storage and adult attrition rates in

local populations of a tropical damselfish. Proceedings of the 10th International Coral Reef Symposium 232-240.

Stewart, H.L. 2006. Hydrodynamic consequences of flexural stiffness and buoyancy for seaweeds: a study using

physical models. Journal of Experimental Biology 209(11):2170-2181. Stewart, H.L. 2006. Morphological variation and phenotypic plasticity of buoyancy in the macroalga Turbinaria

ornata across a barrier reef. Marine Biology 149(4):721-730. Stewart, H.L. 2006. Ontogenetic changes in buoyancy, breaking strength, extensibility, and reproductive

investment in a drifting macroalga Turbinaria ornata (Phaeophyta). Journal of Phycology 42(1):43-50. Stewart, H.L., S.J. Holbrook, R.J. Schmitt and A.J. Brooks. 2006. Symbiotic crabs maintain coral health by

clearing sediments. Coral Reefs 25:609-615. Thompson, A.R., R.M. Nisbet and R.J. Schmitt. 2006. Dynamics of mutualist populations that are

demographically open. Journal of Animal Ecology 75(6):1239-1251. Van Oppen, M.J.H. and R.D. Gates. 2006. Understanding the resilience of reef corals: the roles of molecular

biology and genetics. Molecular Ecology 15(13):3863-3883. 2005 Maritorena, S. and D.A. Siegel. 2005. Consistent merging of satellite ocean color data sets using a bio-optical

model. Remote Sensing of Environment 94:429-440. Siegel, D.A., S. Maritorena, N.B. Nelson, M.J. Behrenfeld and C.R. McClain. 2005. Colored dissolved organic

matter and its influence on the satellite-based characterization of the ocean biosphere. Geophysical Research Letters 32:L20605.

Siegel, D.A., S. Maritorena and N.B. Nelson. 2005. Independence and interdependencies among global ocean

color properties: reassessing the bio-optical assumption. Journal of Geophysical Research 110:C07011. BOOK CONTRIBUTIONS In Press Leichter, J.J. 2007. Internal waves. in M.W. Denny and S.D. Gaines, editors. Encyclopedia of the Rocky

Intertidal, University of California Press, In Press. 2007 Holbrook, S.J., R.J. Schmitt, A.J. Brooks, T. Margalith, J. Burnsed, K. Seydel and H. Masui. 2007. The use of

LED light lures to enhance larval settlement of coral reef fish. Pages 326-338 in T. Murata, editor. State of the Art: High Power LED Application Practices, Technical Information Institute Co. Ltd., Japan.

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DISSERTATIONS AND THESES 2006 Talmage, S. 2006. Variation in abundance and carbon allocation for Sargassum mangarevense across gradients

in herbivory and hydrodynamic exposure in Moorea, French Polynesia. MS Thesis, California State University, Northridge, CA.

Elahi, R. 2006. The interactive effects of age and size in determining phenotypic plasticity in reef corals. MS

Thesis, California State University, Northridge, CA. Kane, C. 2006. Habitat preference, social behavior and patterns of abundance in the coral reef fish Paracirrhites

arcatus. MS Thesis, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA. 2005 Lape, J.C.P. 2005. Factors influencing the quality of a refuge for coral reef fish: effects of microhabitat setting,

size and inhabitants. MS Thesis, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA.

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Appendix II. MCR Presentations 2007 Bergsma, G. ‘Comparison of tube-dwelling symbiotic amphipods of Moorea and Taiwan.’ Invited Talk.

NNMBA Coral Lab Meeting, Kenting, Taiwan, March, 2007. Bergsma, G. ‘Effects of mutualistic tube-dwelling amphipods on corals.’ Invited Talk. National Museum of

Marine Biology and Aquarium, Kenting, Taiwan, March, 2007. Bernardi, G. and S. Planes. 'Population connectivity in the orange-fin anemonefish.' Scientific Roundtable

Meeting between the MCR LTER, CRIOBE (Centre de Recherches Insulaires et Observatoire de l'Environnement) and the Richard B. Gump Biological Research Station, Santa Barbara, CA, March, 2007.

Brooks, A. ‘The Moorea Coral Reef LTER Site.’ Invited Seminar. University of California Santa Barbara

Honors Program in the Biological Sciences, May, 2007. Brooks, A. ‘The use of stable isotopes in the determination of coral reef fish functional diversity.’ Invited Oral

Presentation. Moorea Biocode Project Workshop, University of California Berkeley, March, 2007. Brooks, A. 'The Moorea Coral Reef long-term trends program.' Scientific Roundtable Meeting between the

MCR LTER, CRIOBE (Centre de Recherches Insulaires et Observatoire de l'Environnement) and the Richard B. Gump Biological Research Station, Santa Barbara, CA, March, 2007.

Brooks, A. and R. Galzin. 'The functional diversity of Mururoa Atoll based on an analysis of stable isotopes.'

Scientific Roundtable Meeting between the MCR LTER, CRIOBE (Centre de Recherches Insulaires et Observatoire de l'Environnement) and the Richard B. Gump Biological Research Station, Santa Barbara, CA, March, 2007.

Edmunds, P. ‘Patterns of change in coral populations and the physiological processes that might contribute to

them.’ Invited Seminar. University of California, Los Angeles, CA, May, 2007. Edmunds, P.J. ‘Community dynamics of Caribbean coral reefs.’ Invited Seminar. National Sun-Yat sen

University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, March, 2007. Fram, J. ‘How an environmental engineer sees nutrient uptake and release by organisms with complex

morphology.’ Invited Seminar. UCSB Undergraduate Research Colloquium, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, February, 2007.

Gates, R. ‘Do corals possess the biological flexibility to survive global climate change?’ Oral Presentation.

Pioneering Studies of Young Scientists on Chemical Pollution and Environmental Changes, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan, November, 2007.

Gates, R. ‘How flexible is the biology of corals?’ Invited Presentation. California State University, Fresno,

Fresno, CA, May, 2007. Gates, R. ‘How flexible is the biology of corals?’ Invited Presentation. Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA,

April, 2007. Gates, R. ‘Stress in reef corals.’ Oral Presentation. New Frontiers in Cellular Interactions in

Cnidarian/Dinoflagellate Symbioses, University of Queensland and Heron Island, Australia, January, 2007.

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Green, D.H. and P.J. Edmunds. ‘The effects of temperature in mediating spatio-temporal variation in coral recruitment along the south coast of St. John, US Virgin Islands.’ Oral Presentation. Benthic Ecology Meetings, Atlanta, Georgia, March, 2007.

Hench, J.L. ‘Wave-driven circulation in a coral reef lagoon and pass system.’ Invited Seminar. School of Earth

Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, May, 2007. Hench, J.L. ‘Wave-driven circulation in a coral reef lagoon and pass system.’ Invited Seminar. School of

Oceanography (Physical Oceanography Seminar Series), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, May, 2007.

Hench, J.L. ‘Wave-driven circulation in a coral reef lagoon and pass system.’ Invited Seminar. Department of

Marine Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, April, 2007. Holbrook, S.J. ‘CREON: environmental sensor network development for coral reefs.’ Oral Presentation.

GLEON 4 Meeting, Lammi Biological Research Station, Finland, March, 2007. Lenihan, H. ‘Building an ecological restoration for coral reef restoration.’ Oral Presentation. The Tropical

Island Sustainability Conference, Gump Station, Moorea, French Polynesia, December, 2007. Lenihan, H. ‘Building an ecological restoration for coral reef restoration.’ Invited Seminar. Bodega Bay Marine

Lab, University of California, Davis, Bodega Bay, CA, May, 2007. Lenihan, H. ‘Building an ecological restoration for coral reef restoration.’ Invited Seminar. UCSB Marine

Science Seminar Series, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, April, 2007. Lenihan, H. ‘Circulation patterns and processes in lagoons of Moorea.’ Oral Presentation. ASLO Aquatic

Sciences Meeting, Santa Fe, New Mexico, February, 2007. Maheigan, M. and P.J. Edmunds. ‘Scale-dependence of morphological variation in skeletal traits of the tropical

coral Pocillopora verrucosa. Oral Presentation. Benthic Ecology Meetings, Atlanta, Georgia, March, 2007.

Maheigan, M. ‘Spatial scale of morphological variation in skeletal traits of a coral in French Polynesia.’ Poster

Presentation. Benthic Ecology Meetings, Atlanta, Georgia, March, 2007. Muehllehner, N. and P.J. Edmunds. ‘The effect of increased carbon dioxide on the calcification rate, linear

extension, and morphology of reef corals.’ Oral Presentation. Benthic Ecology Meetings, Atlanta, Georgia, March, 2007.

Muehllehner, N. ‘The effect of increased carbon dioxide on the calcification rate, linear extension and

morphology of reef corals.’ Poster Presentation. Benthic Ecology Meetings, Atlanta, Georgia, March, 2007.

Muehllehner, N. ‘The effects of increasing carbon dioxide on coral skeletal growth: tall and porous or short and

dense?’ Invited Talk. Standing on the Shoulders of Giants, Emeritus Luncheon, California State University, Northridge, CA, March, 2007.

Poray, A. ‘Distribution and physiological consequences of macroalgae inhabiting refugia from herbivores.’

Poster Presentation. Benthic Ecology Meetings, Atlanta, Georgia, March, 2007. Schmitt, R. 'Recent advances arising from MCR LTER and CRIOBE collaborative research.' Scientific

Roundtable Meeting between the MCR LTER, CRIOBE (Centre de Recherches Insulaires et Observatoire

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de l'Environnement) and the Richard B. Gump Biological Research Station, Santa Barbara, CA, March, 2007.

2006 Adam, T. ‘Do adult cleaners facilitate recruits at cleaner stations?’ Poster Presentation. Moorea Coral Reef

LTER All-Scientists Meeting, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, November 14-16, 2006. Adam, T. ‘Indirect effects of cleaner fish on a branching coral.’ Poster Presentation. LTER All Scientists

Meeting, Estes Park, Colorado, September, 2006. Adam, T. 'Indirect effects of the blue streak cleaner wrasse (Labroides dimidiatus) on coral reefs.' Oral

Presentation. EEMB Annual Graduate Student Symposium, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, January 2006.

Bergsma, G. ‘Mutualistic tube-dwelling amphipods enhance growth in corals.’ Oral Presentation. Moorea Coral

Reef LTER All-Scientists Meeting, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, November, 2006. Bergsma, G. ‘Mutualistic tube-dwelling amphipods protect corals from predators.’ Oral Presentation. Western

Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, Redmond, WA, November, 2006. Bergsma, G. ‘Benefits of mutualistic tube-dwelling amphipods on coral growth and survival.’ Poster

Presentation. LTER All Scientists Meeting, Estes Park, Colorado, September, 2006. Bergsma, G. 'Symbionts Reduce Coral Susceptibility to Predation.' Oral Presentation. EEMB Annual Graduate

Student Symposium, UCSB, January 2006. Bernardi, G. ‘The recruitment dynamics of Dascyllus trimaculatus in Moorea, French Polynesia.’ Poster

Presentation. LTER All Scientists Meeting, Estes Park, Colorado, September, 2006. Brooks, A. ‘Digital Moorea: The implementation of a wireless sensor network for the monitoring of coral reefs.’

Invited Oral Presentation. DEST-ISL Workshop on Distributed Sensor Networks, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, December, 2006.

Brooks, A. ‘The need for new enabling technologies for the environmental monitoring of coral reefs.’ Invited

Oral Presentation. DEST-ISL Workshop on Distributed Sensor Networks, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia, December, 2006.

Brooks, A. ‘Digital Moorea: The implementation of a wireless sensor network for the monitoring of coral reefs.’

Invited Oral Presentation. Workshop on the Adoption of Sensor Networks by Coastal Managers, Townsville, Australia, December, 2006.

Brooks, A. ‘The restoration of coral reefs using new advances in eco-technology.’ Invited Seminar. Moorea

Field Course, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, October, 2006.

Brooks, A. ‘Restoring coral reef fish communities: the role of ecotechnology.’ Oral Presentation. Recent

Advances in Long-Term Ecological Research in Coral Reefs, joint symposium between MCR LTER and Kenting Coral Reef ILTER, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan, October, 2006.

Brooks, A., H. Stewart, R. Schmitt and S. Holbrook. 'Fish-coral interactions: do resident fish alter the relationship

between local water flow and coral growth?' Poster Presentation. LTER All Scientists Meeting, Estes Park, Colorado, September, 2006.

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Brooks, A. 'Are fish assemblages on coral patch reefs predictable?' Invited Seminar. James Cook University, Townsville, Australia, March, 2006.

Brooks, A., H. Stewart, R. Schmitt, and S. Holbrook. 'Fish-coral interactions: do resident fish alter the

relationship between local water flow and coral growth?' Poster Presentation. Ocean Sciences Meeting (AGU/ASLO), Honolulu, HI, February, 2006.

Carpenter, R. ‘Effects of water flow on coral reef metabolism.’ Oral Presentation. Recent Advances in Long-

Term Ecological Research in Coral Reefs, joint symposium between MCR LTER and Kenting Coral Reef ILTER, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan, October, 2006.

Carpenter, R. ‘Long-term monitoring of primary production on Moorea coral reefs.’ Poster Presentation. LTER

All Scientists Meeting, Estes Park, Colorado, September, 2006. Davis, K.A., S.G. Monismith, J.J. Leichter and J.L. Hench. ‘Unsteady internal motions on a fringing tropical reef:

implications for boundary layer dynamics and mixing.’ Poster Presentation. Ocean Sciences Meeting (AGU/ASLO), Honolulu, HI, February, 2006.

Edmunds, P.J. ‘Decadal-scale monitoring of the coral reefs in Lameshur Bay, St John: patterns of change, causal

processes, and likely outcomes.’ Oral Presentation. 40th Anniversary of the Virgin Islands Ecological Resource Station, St. John, USVI, November, 2006.

Edmunds, P.J. ‘Coral recruitment, thermal stress and coral reef community structure in St. John, US Virgin

Islands.’ Poster Presentation. 2nd Annual Sea Grant Meeting, San Juan, Puerto Rico, October, 2006. Edmunds, P.J. ‘Monitoring coral communities in Moorea: one step on the road to understanding why coral reefs

are changing.’ Oral Presentation. Recent Advances in Long-Term Ecological Research in Coral Reefs, Joint Symposium between MCR LTER and Kenting Coral Reef ILTER, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan, October, 2006.

Edmunds, P.J. ‘Monitoring coral communities in Moorea: one step on the road to understanding why the reefs are

changing.’ Poster Presentation. LTER All Scientists Meeting, Estes Park, Colorado, September, 2006. Edmunds, P.J. 'Coral biology and the MCR LTER.' Invited Seminar. UCLA Marine Biology Quarter, Moorea,

April 2006. Edmunds, P.J. ‘Temperature mediated transitions between isometry and allometry in a colonial modular

invertebrate. Oral Presentation. Benthic Ecology Meetings, Quebec, Canada, March, 2006. Fram, J. ‘Benthic productivity across the reef.’ Poster Presentation. Moorea Coral Reef LTER All-Scientists

Meeting, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, November, 2006. Grabner, S. ‘Information management for the MCR LTER.’ Oral Presentation. Moorea Coral Reef LTER All-

Scientists Meeting, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, November, 2006. Green, D.H. and P.J. Edmunds. ‘A decadal shift in the relative abundance of corals on Caribbean reefs that favors

a weedy species.’ Oral Presentation. Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, Redmond, WA, November, 2006.

Green, D. and P.J. Edmunds. ‘The relative increase in abundance of Porites astreoides over three decades in the

Caribbean.’ Oral Presentation. Benthic Ecology Meetings, Quebec, Canada, March, 2006.

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Hanson, K., J.J. Leichter and J.L. Hench. 'Spatial patterns in the mesozooplankton community of a French Polynesian reef.' Poster Presentation. Ocean Sciences Meeting (AGU/ASLO), Honolulu, HI, February, 2006.

Hench, J.L., H.S. Lenihan, J.J. Leichter and S.G. Monismith. ‘Wave-driven circulation and exchange in Paopao

Bay, Moorea, French Polynesia.’ Invited Talk. Tropical Island Ecosystems and Sustainable Development Workshop, Moorea, French Polynesia, December, 2006.

Hench, J.L., H.S. Lenihan, J.J. Leichter and S.G. Monismith. ‘Wave-driven circulation in a coral reef lagoon and

pass system.’ Oral Presentation. Moorea Coral Reef LTER All-Scientists Meeting, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, November, 2006.

Hench, J.L. and J.J. Leichter. ‘Circulation in the coral reef lagoon and pass system.’ Poster Presentation. LTER

All Scientists Meeting, Estes Park, Colorado, September, 2006. Hench, J.L. 'Circulation and transport in tropical lagoons: physics meets biology in paradise.' Invited Seminar,

Inter-University Institute of Marine Sciences, Eilat, Israel, May 2006. Hench, J.L. 'Physical oceanography of Moorea.' Invited Seminar. UCLA Marine Biology Quarter, Moorea,

April 2006. Hench, J.L. and J.J. Leichter. ‘Wave driven circulation in a coral reef, lagoon and pass system.’ Invited Talk.

Ocean Sciences Meeting (AGU/ASLO), Honolulu, HI, February, 2006. Holbrook, S.J. ‘CREON workshop summary.’ Oral Presentation. 3rd GLEON and CREON Joint Workshop,

National Center for High Performance Computing, Taiwan, October, 2006. Holbrook, S.J. ‘Overview of recent progress in development of coral reef sensor networks.’ Oral Presentation.

3rd GLEON and CREON Joint Workshop, National Center for High Performance Computing, Taiwan, October, 2006.

Holbrook, S.J. ‘Relationships between live coral cover and reef fishes: implications for predicting the effects of

environmental disturbances.’ Oral Presentation. Recent Advances in Long-Term Ecological Research in Coral Reefs, Joint Symposium between MCR LTER and Kenting Coral Reef ILTER, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan, October, 2006.

Holbrook, S.J. 'CREON - Coral Reef Environmental Observatory Network, Overview of Progress and Goals for

the Future.' CREON and GLEON Workshop, Townsville, Australia, March, 2006. Leichter, J.J. ‘Internal wave field on the island of Moorea.’ Sustainable Development and Tropical Island

Ecosystems, Gump Station, Moorea, French Polynesia, December, 2006. Leichter, J.J., J.L. Hench and M.D. Stokes. ‘Current, temperature, and internal wave dynamics on the North shore

of Moorea, French Polynesia. Oral Presentation. Ocean Sciences Meeting (AGU/ASLO), Honolulu, HI, February, 2006.

Lenihan, H. 'Predator-prey interactions in coral reefs: effects of hydrodynamics.' Department Seminar. Stanford

University, April, 2006. MacIntyre, S. and A. Alldredge. ‘Water column nutrients and productivity.’ Oral Presentation. Moorea Coral

Reef LTER All-Scientists Meeting, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, November, 2006.

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Maheigan, M. ‘Spatial scale dependence of morphology of Pocillopora verrucosa in Moorea, French Polynesia.’ Poster Presentation. Moorea Coral Reef LTER All-Scientists Meeting, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, November, 2006.

Maheigan, M. and P. Edmunds. 'Variation in morphological traits of the common Pacific coral Pocillopora

verrucosa at different spatial scales.' Oral Presentation. Benthic Ecology Meeting, Quebec City, Canada, March, 2006.


morphology of reef corals.’ Poster Presentation. Student Research Symposium, California State University, Northridge, CA, November, 2006.


morphology of reef corals.’ Poster Presentation. Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, Redmond, Washington, November, 2006.

Muehllehner, N. and P. Edmunds. 'The effect of increased carbon dioxide on the calcification rate, linear

extension, and morphology of reef corals.' Oral Presentation. Benthic Ecology Meeting, Quebec City, Canada, March, 2006.

Nisbet, R. ‘The use of Dynamic Energy Budget theory in modeling the performance of stony corals.’ Oral

Presentation. Moorea Coral Reef LTER All-Scientists Meeting, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, November, 2006.

Putnam, H.M. and P.J. Edmunds. ‘Physiological responses of scleractinian corals to high frequency temperature

fluctuations.’ Poster Presentation. LTER All Scientists Meeting, Estes Park, Colorado, September, 2006. Price, N. and H. Stewart. ‘Do trapeziid crabs influence early Pocillopora population dynamics?’ Oral

Presentation. Moorea Coral Reef LTER All-Scientists Meeting, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, November, 2006

Price, N. ‘Do coralline algae influence coral recruitment?’ Poster Presentation. LTER All Scientists Meeting,

Estes Park, Colorado, September, 2006. Price, N. 'Do coralline algae influence coral recruitment?' Oral Presentation. EEMB Annual Graduate Student

Symposium, University of California, Santa Barbara, January 2006. Putnam, H. ‘Physiological response of scleractinian corals to a highly variable thermal environment.’ Oral

Presentation. CSUN Research and Creative Works Symposium, California State University, Northridge, CA, December, 2006.

Putnam, H. ‘Does frequent variation matter? Physiological response of scleractinian corals to high frequency

temperature fluctuations.’ Poster Presentation. Moorea Coral Reef LTER All-Scientists Meeting, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, November, 2006

Putnam, H. ‘Does frequent variation matter? Physiological response of scleractinian corals to high frequency

temperature fluctuations.’ Poster Presentation. Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, Redmond, WA, November, 2006.

Schmitt, R.J. ‘Population dynamics of reef fishes: causes and scale of heterogeneity in strength of density

dependence.’ Invited Seminar. Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, November, 2006.

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Schmitt, R.J. ‘Consequences of fluctuating microhabitat on dynamics of an associated fish.’ Oral Presentation. Recent Advances in Long-Term Ecological Research in Coral Reefs, Joint Symposium between MCR LTER and Kenting Coral Reef ILTER, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan, October, 2006.

Schmitt, R.J. ‘The Moorea Coral Reef LTER: dynamics of a physically forced ecosystem.’ Oral Presentation.

Recent Advances in Long-Term Ecological Research in Coral Reefs, Joint Symposium between MCR LTER and Kenting Coral Reef ILTER, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan, October, 2006.

Schmitt, R.J. ‘Digital Moorea and the Moorea Coral Reef Long Term Ecological Research Program.’ Invited

Talk. CalIT2, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, September, 2006. Schmitt, R.J. ‘Ecotechnology: harnessing biology, engineering and nanotechnology for environmental

conservation and eco-surveillance.’ Invited Seminar, UC Berkeley Gump Research Station, Moorea, French Polynesia, August, 2006.

Schmitt, R.J. 'Coral reef research programs at UC Santa Barbara: linkage to sensor networks.' CREON and

GLEON Workshop, Townsville, Australia, March 2006. Stewart, H. ‘Physical-biological interactions in nearshore marine systems.’ Course Seminar. Department of

Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, October, 2006. Stewart, H. ‘Sediment removal by symbiotic crabs maintains coral health.’ Poster Presentation. LTER All

Scientists Meeting, Estes Park, Colorado, September, 2006. Stewart, H. ‘Ecology of coral reefs.’ Invited Seminar. Conservation Marine Ecology Course, Bren School,

University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, May, 2006. Stewart, H. ‘Living in flow: physical-biological interactions in nearshore marine systems.’ Invited Seminar,

Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, May, 2006. Stewart, H. 'Physical-biological interactions in nearshore marine systems.' Invited Seminar. University of

California, Los Angeles, May 2006. Stewart, H. ‘Ecological implications of morphological variation and ontogeny in a tropical alga.’ Invited

Seminar. Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Canada, March, 2006. Stewart, H. 'Ecology of coral reefs.' Invited Seminar. Bren School of Environmental Science and Management,

University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, January, 2006. Washburn, L., J. Repp, S. Holbrook and R.J. Schmitt. ‘Wave and tidal current forcing in lagoons on the North

shore of Moorea: consequences for damselfish settlement.’ Poster Presentation, Ocean Sciences Meeting (AGU/ASLO), Honolulu, HI, February, 2006.

Yau, A. ‘Abundance and distribution of giant clam (Tridacna maxima) populations in Moorea, French

Polynesia.’ Poster Presentation. LTER All Scientists Meeting, Estes Park, Colorado, September 20-23, 2006.

2005 Alldredge, A. 'Water column monitoring: first results.' Oral Presentation. Moorea Coral Reef LTER All

Scientists Meeting, Santa Barbara, CA, November, 2005. Bergsma, G. 'Symbionts reduce coral susceptibility to predation.' Oral Presentation. Moorea Coral Reef LTER

All Scientists Meeting, Santa Barbara, CA, November, 2005.

12

Brooks, A. 'Reef associated fishes, results of MCR LTER Year 1 monitoring efforts.' Oral Presentation. Moorea

Coral Reef LTER All Scientists Meeting, Santa Barbara, CA, November, 2005. Brooks, A., S.J. Holbrook, R.J. Schmitt. 'Microhabitat use, changes in habitat characteristics and variation in the

attributes of reef fish communities.' 7th Indo-Pacific fish Conference, Taipei, Taiwan, May, 2005. Brooks, A., S.J. Holbrook, R.J. Schmitt. 'Microhabitat use, changes in habitat characteristics and effects on reef

fish communities' Scientific Roundtable, CRIOBE (Centre de Recherches Insulaires et Observatoire de l'Environnement), Moorea, French Polynesia, May, 2005.

Carpenter, R. 'Report on monitoring efforts, Year 1.' Oral Presentation. Moorea Coral Reef LTER All Scientists

Meeting, Santa Barbara, CA, November, 2005. Carpenter, R. 'Patterns of benthic productivity on tropical coral reefs: challenges for estimation.' Scientific

Roundtable, CRIOBE (Centre de Recherches Insulaires et Observatoire de l'Environnement), Moorea, French Polynesia, May, 2005.

Carpenter, R. 'Effects of productivity potential, hydrodynamic stress, and herbivory on resource allocation by

subtidal macroalgae.' Benthic Ecology Annual Meeting, Williamsburg, VA, April, 2005. Carpenter, R. 'Scale-dependent effects of flow on coral reef primary production.' EEMB Departmental Seminar,

UC Santa Barbara, April, 2005. Edmunds, P. 'Coral reef monitoring within the MCR LTER project.' Oral Presentation. Moorea Coral Reef

LTER All Scientists Meeting, Santa Barbara, CA, November, 2005. Edmunds, P. 'Ecophysiology and population biology of tropical reef corals.' Department Seminar. CSUN,

November, 2005. Edmunds, P. 'Long-term patterns in demography of stony coral communities.' Scientific Roundtable, CRIOBE

(Centre de Recherches Insulaires et Observatoire de l'Environnement), Moorea, French Polynesia, May, 2005.

Elahi, R. and P. Edmunds. 'Is bigger better? Testing for energetic constraints on maximum size in the solitary

scleractinian coral Fungia concinna'. Oral Presentation. Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, Monterey, CA, November, 2005.

Elahi, R. 'Testing for energetic constraints on maximum size in the solitary scleractinian coral Fungia concinna'.

Oral Presentation. Moorea Coral Reef LTER All Scientists Meeting, Santa Barbara, CA, November, 2005. Elahi, R. and P.J. Edmunds. ‘The effects of age and size on the physiology of scleractinian coral.’ Oral

Presentation. Benthic Ecology Meetings, Williamsburg, Virginia, April, 2005. Gates, R. 'Why do corals lose their symbionts in response to environmental disturbance?' Department Seminar.

University of Hawai'i, October, 2005. Hench, J. 'Wave-driven circulation in Paopao Bay, Moorea.' Oral Presentation. Moorea Coral Reef LTER All

Scientists Meeting, Santa Barbara, CA, November, 2005. Holbrook, S.J., A. Brooks, R.J. Schmitt. 'Diversity responses to change in habitat-forming species on temperate

and tropical reefs.' Scientific Roundtable, CRIOBE (Centre de Recherches Insulaires et Observatoire de l'Environnement), Moorea, French Polynesia, May, 2005.

13

Holbrook, S.J., A. Brooks, R.J. Schmitt. 'Diversity responses to change in habitat-forming species on temperate and tropical reefs.' Oral Presentation. 7th Indo-Pacific fish Conference, Taipei, Taiwan, May, 2005.

Holbrook, S.J. 'Coral reefs: background and goals for a global sensor network.' Oral Presentation. Building

capacity and linking infrastructure in the lake and coral reef scientific communities. Workshop held at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, March, 2005.

Holbrook, S.J., D. Reed, R.J. Schmitt and A. Brooks. 'Diversity responses to change in habitat-forming species

on temperate and tropical reefs.' LTER Annual Symposium, NSF, March, 2005. Holbrook, S.J. 'Response of fish diversity to change in foundation species on reefs.' Invited Seminar. UC

Berkeley Gump Research Station, Moorea, July 2005. Holbrook, S.J. 'The Ecotechnology component at the Moorea Coral Reef LTER site.' Oral Presentation.

Building capacity and linking infrastructure in the lake and coral reef scientific communities. Workshop held at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, March, 2005.

Lenihan, H. 'Flow mediated performance of corals.' Invited Seminar, UC Berkeley Gump Research Station,

Moorea, French Polynesia, July 2005. Lenihan, H. 'Coral reef restoration.' Invited Seminar. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology,

University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, March, 2005. Maheigan, M. and P. Edmunds. 'Variation in morphological traits of the common Pacific coral Pocillopora

verrucosa at different spatial scales.' Oral Presentation. Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, Monterey, CA, November, 2005.

Maritorena, S. 'MCR LTER Remote Sensing Program.' Oral Presentation. Moorea Coral Reef LTER All

Scientists Meeting, Santa Barbara, CA, November, 2005. Maritorena, S. 'Remote sensing of the ocean: applications to the Moorea Coral Reef LTER.' Oral Presentation.

Scientific Roundtable, CRIOBE (Centre de Recherches Insulaires et Observatoire de l'Environnement), Moorea, French Polynesia, May, 2005.

Price, N.N. 'Do coralline algae influence coral recruitment?' Oral Presentation. Western Society of Naturalists

Annual Meeting, Monterey, CA, November, 2005. Price, N.N. 'Do competitive trade-offs among coralline algae influence post-settlement survivorship of

pocilloporid spat?' Oral Presentation. Moorea Coral Reef LTER All Scientists Meeting, Santa Barbara, CA, November, 2005.

Price, N.N. 'Substrate selection and post-settlement survivorship in pocilloporid corals.' Ecology, Evolution, and

Marine Biology Departmental Graduate Student Symposium, UC Santa Barbara, March, 2005. Schmitt, R.J. 'Long-term dynamics of a coral reef fish.' Invited Seminar, UC Berkeley Gump Research Station,

Moorea, July 2005. Schmitt, R.J. and S.J. Holbrook. 'Demographic buffering of environmental variation in surfperches.' Oral

Presentation. 7th Indo-Pacific fish Conference, Taipei, Taiwan, May, 2005. Schmitt, R.J. and S.J. Holbrook. 'Developmental delays, recruitment storage and adult attrition rates in local

populations of a tropical damselfish.' Oral Presentation. Scientific Roundtable, CRIOBE (Centre de Recherches Insulaires et Observatoire de l'Environnement), Moorea, French Polynesia, May, 2005.

14

Schmitt, R.J. 'Sensor network needs for the Moorea Coral Reef LTER.' Oral Presentation. Building capacity and linking infrastructure in the lake and coral reef scientific communities, Workshop held at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, March, 2005.

Schmitt R.J., S.J. Holbrook, P. Edmunds and R. Carpenter. 'The Moorea Coral Reef LTER Program.'

Presentation to the Delegation a la Recherche de la Polynesie Francaise, Papeete, Tahiti, January, 2005. Schmitt, R.J., S.J. Holbrook, P. Edmunds and R. Carpenter. 'The Moorea Coral Reef LTER Program.'

Presentation to the French High Commission of French Polynesia (Robert Maurin/DRRT), Papeete, Tahiti, January, 2005.

Stewart, H. 'Biological response of kelp to changes in physical factors in and around a kelp bed.' Oral

Presentation. ASLO DIALOG Symposium, Dauphin Island Sea Lab, Alabama, December, 2005. Stewart, H. 'Symbiotic crabs maintain coral health by clearing sediments.' Oral Presentation. Moorea Coral Reef

LTER All Scientists Meeting, Santa Barbara, CA, November, 2005. Stewart, H.L. 'Hydrodynamic consequences of buoyancy, stiffness and strength of a reef alga: a study using

physical models.' Oral Presentation. American Society of Limnology and Oceanography, Salt Lake City, UT, February, 2005.

Talmage, S. 'Patterns of abundance of Sargassum mangarevense across hydrodynamic and herbivory gradients in

Moorea, French Polynesia.' Oral Presentation. Moorea Coral Reef LTER All Scientists Meeting, Santa Barbara, CA, November, 2005.

Talmage, S. 'Patterns of abundance of Sargassum mangarevense across hydrodynamic and herbivory gradients in

Moorea, French Polynesia.' Oral Presentation. Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, Monterey, CA, November, 2005.

Talmage, S. and R. Carpenter. ‘Effects of productivity potential, hydrodynamic stress, and herbivory on resource

allocation by subtidal macroalgae.’ Poster Presentation. Benthic Ecology Meetings, Williamsburg, Virginia, April, 2005.

Washburn, L. 'Results of Year 1 MCR LTER Physical Oceanographic Monitoring Program.' Oral Presentation.

Moorea Coral Reef LTER All Scientists Meeting, Santa Barbara, CA, November, 2005. Whitmer, A. 'Education activities in marine LTER sites.' LTER Annual Symposium, NSF, March, 2005. 2004 Brooks, A.J., R.J. Schmitt and S.J. Holbrook. ‘Flucuations in coral reef fish community structure are driven by

changes in coral reef habitat structure.’ Oral Presentation. Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, Rhonert Park, CA, November, 2004.

Brooks, A. and R. Kastner. 'Digital Moorea: an underwater, wireless network for the environmental monitoring

or coral reefs.' Oral Presentation. Environmental Sensor Networks for Research and Education: Building Capacity in the Lake and Coral Reef Scientific Communities, Workshop held at Scripps Institute of Oceanography, September, 2004.

Edmunds, P. 'Long-term coral community dynamics and mechanistic basis of change on coral reefs in the US

Virgin Islands.' Departmental Seminar, University of California Santa Barbara, October, 2004.

15

Lape, J.C.P., R.J. Schmitt, S.J. Holbrook and A.J. Brooks. ‘The influence of conspecifics and coral crabs (Trapezia rufopunctata) on the post-settlement mortality of a reef fish (Dascyllus flavicaudus).’ Poster presentation. Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, Rohnert Park, CA, November, 2004.

Price, N.N. 'Substrate selection and post-settlement survivorship in pocilloporid corals.' Oral Presentation.

Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, Rohnert Park, CA, November, 2004. Stewart, H.L. 'Ontogenetic changes in tissue strength, buoyancy and reproductive output enhance dispersal by a

rafting macroalga.' Oral Presentation. Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, Rohnert Park, CA, November, 2004.

17

Appendix III. Workshops Organized 2007 Moorea Scientific Roundtable. University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, March 3-4, 2007; meeting of CRIOBE and MCR LTER scientists to discuss common research objectives; S.J. Holbrook, R.J. Schmitt and A. Brooks members of organizing committee. Recent Advances In Conservation Genetics. Workshop held at the Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, Honolulu, HI, January 7-20, 2007. Workshop to discuss current topics in coral health and diseases; R. Gates member of the organizing committee; Report posted at http://home.ncifcrf.gov/ccr/lgd/congen2007/default.asp. 2006 Building Capacity and Linking Infrastructure in the Lake and Coral Reef Scientific Communities: Third CREON and GLEON Workshop. Workshop held at the National Center for High Speed Computing, Taiwan, ROC, October 3-4, 2006. S.J. Holbrook member of Organizing Committee (see www.coralreefeon.org, www.lakemetabolism.org and http://www.nchc.org.tw/event/2006/creon_gleon/index.php) where meeting agenda and report of Coral Reef Working Group (S.J. Holbrook and S. Kininmonth) are posted. Recent Advances on Long-Term Ecological Research in Coral Reefs. Joint MCR LTER and Kenting ILTER workshop held in Taichung, Taiwan, ROC, October 2, 2006. S.J. Holbrook and R.J. Schmitt members of organizing committee. Building Capacity and Linking Infrastructure in the Lake and Coral Reef Scientific Communities: Second CREON and GLEON Joint Workshop. Workshop held in Townsville, Australia, March 28-31, 2006. S.J. Holbrook member of Organizing Committee (see www.coralreefeon.org and www.lakemetabolism.org) where meeting agenda and report of Coral Reef Working Group (S.J. Holbrook and S. Kininmonth) are posted. Hydrodynamics of Flows on Coral Reefs and Rocky Shores II. Special Session, Ocean Sciences Meeting (AGU/ASLO_, Honolulu, HI, February 2006. Session co-chairs: PR: J H Fernando, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Arizona State University; J Leichter, Scripps Institution of Oceanography. 2005 Building Capacity and Linking Infrastructure in the Lake and Coral Reef Scientific Communities: First CREON and GLEON Joint Workshop. Workshop held at Scripps Institution of Oceanography, March 7-9, 2005, S.J. Holbrook member of Organizing Committee (see www.lakemetabolism.org). Report: Building Capacity and Linking Infrastructure in the Lake and Coral Reef Scientific Communities; Report of Coral Reef Working Group. S.J. Holbrook and S. Kininmonth. Posted at www.lakemetabolism.org and www.coralreefeon.org. Moorea Scientific Roundtable, CRIOBE (Centre de Recherches Insulaires et Observatoire de l'Environnement), Moorea, French Polynesia, May 5, 2005; meeting of CRIOBE and MCR LTER scientists and governmental agencies of French Polynesia to discuss common research objectives; S.J. Holbrook and R.J. Schmitt members of organizing committee.

http://www.coralreefeon.org/

http://www.lakemetabolism.org/

http://www.lakemetabolism.org/

19

Appendix IV. Biographical Sketches of MCR Investigators

Senior Investigators Alice L. Alldredge……………………………………………………...................................... 20

Giacomo Bernardi…………………………………………………………………………….. 21

Andrew J. Brooks…………………………………………………………………………….. 22

Craig A. Carlson ……………………………………………………………………………. 23

Robert C. Carpenter…………………………………………………………………………... 24

Joseph H. Connell…………………………………………………………………………….. 25

Peter Edmunds………………………………………………………………………………... 26

Ruth D. Gates…………………………………………………………………………………. 27

Gretchen E. Hofmann…………………………………………………………………………. 28

Sally J. Holbrook……………………………………………………………………............... 29

David W. Lea…………………………………………………………………………………. 30

James J. Leichter……………………………………………………………………………… 31

Hunter S. Lenihan…………………………………………………………………………….. 32

Sally MacIntyre……………………………………………………………………………….. 33

Stephane Maritorena………………………………………………………………….............. 34

Roger M. Nisbet………………………………………………………………………………. 35

Russell J. Schmitt……………………………………………………………………………… 36

Libe Washburn………………………………………………………………………………… 37

Allison C. Whitmer……………………………………………………………………………. 38

Susan L. Williams……………………………………………………………………………... 39

20

ALICE L. ALLDREDGE

Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology University of California, Santa Barbara

Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9610 Telephone: 805-893-3997

Fax: 805-893-4724 Email: [email protected]

Area of Expertise: Marine Zooplankton Ecology, Coral Reef Zooplankton Behavior, Oceanic Carbon Cycling, Marine Particulate Matter, Marine Snow, Biological Oceanography Education: B.A. Biology, Carleton College, MI 1971 Ph.D. Ecology, University of California, Davis 1975 Academic Employment: 2004 - Present, Chair, Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara 1986 - Present, Professor of Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara 1996 - 2004, Chair, Graduate Program in Marine Science, University of California, Santa Barbara l982 -1986, Associate Professor of Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara l976 - l982, Assistant Professor of Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara 1975 - l976, NATO Postdoctoral Fellow, Australian Institute of Marine Science MCR LTER Synergistic Activities: Oversees and executes the water column chemistry, plankton and primary productivity time series data for MCR LTER. Since zooplankton are central in the reef food web and consumed by major reef inhabitants such as corals and fishes, Alldredge collaborates extensively with those investigating food web interactions on the reef and with those studying physical processes that provide the mechanism for delivery of detritus and zooplankton to various areas of the reef system. She also collects time series data on bacteria and interacts with those studying microbial processes and diversity. She is a member of the MCR LTER Executive Board, and co-leader of the Food Web Working Group within the MCR LTER. Five publications most closely related to project: Alldredge, A.L. and J.M. King. l977. Distribution, abundance and substrate preferences of demersal

reef zooplankton at Lizard Island Lagoon, Great Barrier Reef. Marine Biology 41:217-233.

Alldredge, A.L. and J. M. King. l980. Effects of moonlight on the vertical migration patterns of demersal zooplankton. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 44:133-156.

Dilling, L. and A.L. Alldredge. 2000. Fragmentation of marine snow by swimming macrozooplankton: A new process impacting carbon cycling in the sea. Deep-Sea Research 47:1227-1245.

Alldredge, A.L. 2005. The contribution of discarded appendicularian houses to the flux of particulate organic carbon from oceanic surface waters. Pages 309-326 In Response of Marine Ecosystems to Global Change: Ecological Impact of Appendicularians.

Goldthwait, S.A. and A.L. Alldredge. 2006. An investigation of diel synchronicity between water column marine snow concentration and the flux of organic matter in the Santa Barbara Channel, California. Deep Sea Research 53:485-505.

http://apps.isiknowledge.com/WoS/CIW.cgi?SID=E2g7na3FbBmdOH@7NG5&Func=Abstract&doc=3/1



21

GIACOMO BERNARDI Ecology and Evolutionary Biology

University of California, Santa Cruz Santa Cruz, CA 95060

Telephone: 831-459-5124 Fax: 831-458-3383

Email: [email protected]

Area of Expertise: Ichthyology, Population Genetics, Phylogeography of Marine Organisms Education: B.S. Biochemistry, University of Paris 1983 M.S. Molecular Biology, University of Paris 1985 Ph.D. Molecular Biology, University of Paris 1989 Academic Employment: 2005 - Present, Professor, University of California, Santa Cruz 2001 - 2005, Associate Professor of Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz 1994 - 2001, Assistant Professor of Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz 1991 - 1994, Postdoctoral Fellow, Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University MCR LTER Synergistic Activities: A focus of my research is to develop a comprehensive understanding of the recruitment dynamics of the reef fish. In collaboration with scientists from CRIOBE, we will closely monitor recruitment levels of several species of damselfish and determine where the fish larvae are generated. This is particularly important when one considers that understanding the origin of larvae and the connectivity of various areas around the island are essential to assessing the effectiveness of the newly-formed marine protected areas on Moorea. Five publications most closely related to project: Bernardi, G., S.J. Holbrook and R.J. Schmitt. 2001. Dispersal of the coral reef three-spot dascyllus,

Dascyllus trimaculatus, at three spatial scales. Marine Biology 138:457-465.

Planes, S., P. Doherty and G. Bernardi. 2001. Unusual case of extreme genetic divergence in a marine fish, Acanthochromis polyacanthus, within the Great Barrier Reef and the Coral Sea. Evolution 55:2263-2273.

Bernardi, G., S.J. Holbrook, R.J. Schmitt, N.L. Crane and E. DeMartini. 2002. Species boundaries, populations, and color morphs in the coral reef three-spot damselfish (Dascyllus trimaculatus) species-complex. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London 269:599-605.

Fauvelot, C., G. Bernardi and S. Planes. 2003. Reductions in the mitochondrial DNA diversity of coral reef fish provide evidence of population bottlenecks resulting from Holocene sea-level change. Evolution 57:1571-1583.

Bernardi, G., S.J. Holbrook, R.J. Schmitt and N.L. Crane. 2003. Genetic evidence for two distinct clades in a French Polynesian population of the coral reef three-spot damselfish Dascyllus trimaculatus. Marine Biology 143:485-490.

22

ANDREW J. BROOKS Coastal Research Center and Marine Science Institute

University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara, CA 93106-6150

Telephone: 805-893-7670 Fax: 805-893-3777


Area of Expertise: Population Ecology, Community Ecology, Fisheries Biology, Ichthyology, Ecology of Wetland and Reef Fishes Education: B.A. Biology, Marine Emphasis, Occidental College 1984 Certificate Aquatic Biology and Fisheries Management, University College North Wales 1987 M.A. Biological Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara 1993 Ph.D. Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, UC Santa Barbara 1999 Academic Employment: 2007 - Present, Associate Project Scientist, University of California, Santa Barbara 2004 - Present, Deputy Director, Moorea Coral Reef Long-term Ecological Research Site 2001 - Present, Director, Carpinteria Salt Marsh Reserve, University of California, Santa Barbara 1999 - 2006, Assistant Research Biologist, University of California, Santa Barbara 1998 - 2006, Lecturer, University of California, Santa Barbara MCR LTER Synergistic Activities: Serves as the Deputy Program Director of the MCR LTER; ad hoc member of the MCR LTER Executive Committee; responsible for the execution of and participates in the long-term, time series surveys of fishes for the MCR LTER; co-chair of MCR LTER working group on community and population dynamics, species interactions and nutrient cycling; participates in MCR LTER working groups on bio-physical coupling, and modeling of coral performance; MCR LTER representative to the Moorea Marine Consortium and Moorea Biocode Program; one of MCR LTER representatives to the Coral Reef Environmental Observatory Network (CREON); represents MCR LTER on UCSB Diving Safety and Boating Safety Committees; coordinates efforts of IT/IM personnel with other MCR LTER investigators; oversees all activities associated with day to day field operations in Moorea. Five publications most closely related to project: Holbrook, S.J., A.J. Brooks and R.J. Schmitt. 2002. Are fish assemblages on coral patch reefs

predictable? Marine and Freshwater Research 53(2):181-188.

Brooks, A.J., R.J. Schmitt and S.J. Holbrook. 2002. Declines in regional fish populations: have different species responded similarly to environmental change? Marine and Freshwater Research 53(2):189-198.

Holbrook, S.J., A.J. Brooks and R.J. Schmitt. 2002. Variation in structural attributes of patch forming corals and in patterns of abundance of associated fishes. Marine and Freshwater Research 53(7):1045-1053.

Stewart, H.L., S.J. Holbrook, R.J. Schmitt and A.J. Brooks. 2006. Symbiotic crabs maintain coral health by clearing sediments. Coral Reefs 25(4):609-615.

Brooks, A.J., S.J. Holbrook and R.J. Schmitt. 2007. Patterns of microhabitat use by fishes in the patch-forming coral Porites rus. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology Supplement No. 14:245-254.

23

CRAIG A. CARLSON

Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology University of California, Santa Barbara



Area of Expertise: Microbial Oceanography

Education: B.A. Biology, Colby College, ME 1986 Ph.D. Microbial Ecology, University of Maryland 1994 Post-doc Marine Biogeochemistry, Bermuda Biological Station for Research 1994 Academic Employment: 2003 - Present, Associate Professor, University of California, Santa Barbara 2001 - 2003, Assistant Professor, University of California, Santa Barbara 1999 - 2000, Associate Scientist, BBSR 1997 - 1999, Assistant Scientist, BBSR MCR LTER Synergistic Activities: My group is involved with assessing the temporal and spatial variability of dissolved organic nutrients as well as microbial biomass for the water column time-series component of the MCR LTER program. We have also initiated a preliminary assessment of microbial diversity from the offshore environment to the reef environment. We combine traditional oceanographic measurements with molecular approaches to assess potential linkages between microbial community structure and water column biogeochemistry. Five publications most closely related to project: Carlson C.A., H.W. Ducklow and A. F. Michaels. 1994. Annual flux of dissolved organic carbon from

the euphotic zone in the northwestern Sargasso Sea. Nature 371:405-408.

Carlson C.A., D.A. Hansell, E.T. Peltzer and W.O. Smith. 2000. Stocks and dynamics of dissolved and particulate organic matter in the southern Ross Sea, Antarctica. Deep-Sea Research II 47:3201-3226.

Carlson, C.A., S.J. Giovannoni, D.A. Hansell, S.J. Goldberg, R. Parsons, M.P. Otero, K. Vergin and B.R. Wheeler. 2002. The effect of nutrient amendments on bacterioplankton production, community structure and DOC utilization in the northwestern Sargasso Sea. Aquatic Microbial Ecology 30:19-36.

Carlson, C.A., S.J. Giovannoni, D.A. Hansell, S.J. Goldberg, R. Parsons and K. Vergin. 2004. Interactions between DOC, microbial processes, and community structure in the mesopelagic zone of the northwestern Sargasso Sea. Limnology and Oceanography 49:1073-1083.

Carlson, C.A., P.A. Giorgio and G.J. Herndl. 2007. Microbes and the dissipation of energy and respiration: from cells to ecosystems. Oceanography, In press.

24

ROBERT C. CARPENTER Department of Biology

California State University, Northridge Northridge, CA 91330

Telephone: 818-677-3256 Fax: 818-677-2039


Area of Expertise: Coral Reef Ecology, Hydrodynamic Forcing of Organismal and Community Metabolism Education: B.S. Zoology, University of Michigan 1975 M.S. Marine Science, University of the Pacific 1979 Ph.D. Ecology, University of Georgia 1984 Academic Employment: 1994 - Present, Professor, California State University, Northridge, California 1991 -1994, Associate Professor, California State University, Northridge, California 1988 -1991, Assistant Professor, California State University, Northridge, California MCR LTER Synergistic Activities: I am a Co-PI of MCR LTER, a member of the MCR Executive Committee, and the MCR LTER representative to the LTER Planning Grant group. I am principally involved in data collection for time series studies on benthic component cover (primarily algae), invertebrate herbivore abundances, and measurements of rates of primary production at both the community (reef zone) and organism scales. Process-oriented research projects include: the role of hydrodynamics in modulating reef metabolism and how this cascades to higher trophic levels; and the use of remote sensing methods to estimate rates of reef primary production at reef-wide scales. Five publications most closely related to project: Carpenter, R.C., J.M. Hackney and W.H. Adey. 1991. Preliminary studies of primary productivity and

nitrogen fixation by coral reef algae in a chamber incorporating simulated water surge. Limnology and Oceanography 36:40-49.

Carpenter, R.C. and S.L. Williams. 1993. The effect of algal turf canopy height and microscale topography on current velocity profiles in a coral fore reef environment. Limnology and Oceanography 38:687-694.

Williams, S.L. and R.C. Carpenter. 1997. Grazing effects on nitrogen fixation in coral reef algal turfs. Marine Biology 130:223-231.

Williams, S.L. and R.C. Carpenter. 1998. Effects of unidirectional and oscillatory flow on nitrogen fixation (acetylene reduction) in coral reef algal turfs, Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 226:293-316.

Carpenter, R.C. and S.L. Williams. 2007. Mass transfer limitation of photosynthesis of coral algal turf communities. Marine Biology 151:435-450.

25

JOSEPH H. CONNELL Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology

University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9610

Telephone: 805-893-2764 Fax: 805-893-3777


Area of Expertise: Population and Community Ecology, Coral Reef Ecology Education: B.S. Meteorology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 1946 M.A. Zoology, University of California, Berkeley 1953 Ph.D. Zoology, University of Glasgow, Scotland 1956 Academic Employment: 1996 - Present, Research Professor, University of California, Santa Barbara 1991- Present, Professor Emeritus, University of California, Santa Barbara 1974 - 1980, Chairman, Marine Review Committee of the California State Coastal Commission 1966 - 1991, Professor, University of California, Santa Barbara 1961 - 1966, Associate Professor, University of California, Santa Barbara 1958 - 1961, Assistant Professor, University of California, Santa Barbara 1956 - 1958, Instructor, University of California, Santa Barbara MCR LTER Synergistic Activities: Regular consultations and scientific interactions with graduate and postdoctoral students as well as university faculty and researchers from the University of California, Santa Barbara as well as a variety of Australian universities. Reviewer of numerous grant proposals and journal manuscripts. Five publications most closely related to project: Connell, J.H., T.P. Hughes and C.C. Wallace. 1997. A 30-year study of coral abundance, recruitment

and disturbance, at several scales in space and time. Ecological Monographs 67:461-488.

Connell, J.H. 1997. Disturbance and recovery of coral assemblages. Coral Reefs 16 Supplement: S101-S113.

Hughes, T.P. and J.H. Connell. 1999. Multiple stressors on coral reefs: A long-term perspective. Limnology and Oceanography 44: 932-940.

Baird, A.H., D.H. Bellwood, J.H. Connell, H.V. Cornell, T.P. Hughes, R.H. Karlson and B.H. Rosen. 2002. Coral reef biodiversity and conservation. Science 296:1026-1027.

Connell, J.H., T.E. Hughes, C.C. Wallace, J.E. Tanner, K.E. Harms and A.M. Kerr. 2004. A long-term study of competition and diversity of corals. Ecological Monographs 74:179-210.

26

PETER EDMUNDS Department of Biology

California State University, Northridge Northridge, CA 91330

Telephone: 818-677-2502 Fax: 818-667-2034


Area of Expertise: Ecophysiology of Tropical Reef Corals, Time Series Analyses of Coral Communities, Population Models for Tropical Reef Corals Education: B.S. Marine Biology, University of Newcastle 1983 Ph.D. Invertebrate Physiology, Glasgow University 1986 Academic Employment: 2001 - Present, Professor, California State University, Northridge 1997 - 2001, Associate Professor, California State University, Northridge 1992 - 1997, Assistant Professor, California State University, Northridge 1991 - 1992, Postdoctoral Researcher, University of Southern California 1989 - 1990, Postdoctoral Research Associate, Northeastern University 1989 -1990, Adjunct Research Associate at the Marine Science Center, Nahant 1987 -1989, Senior Faculty Member, School for Field Studies, St. John, United States Virgin Islands MCR LTER Synergistic Activities: My primary responsibilities within the MCR LTER are (1) time series analysis of coral communities, and (2) process-oriented studies to test potential mechanisms that mediate changes in community structure. I am a Co-PI on the grant, a member of the MCR Executive Committee as well as each of three working groups addressing thematic approaches within the project. I have been actively engaged in international collaborations with the ILTER project in Taiwan (2 trips) and am working towards developing this collaboration to facilitate academic exchanges and ecosystem contrast between Taiwan and Moorea. My position at CSUN allows me to spread my LTER experience through classes taught on my home campus (Invertebrate Zoology, Physiological Ecology) and through a class in tropical coral biology taught in Moorea by the Three Seas Marine Biology Program (Northeastern University). Five publications most closely related to project: Edmunds, P.J. 2002. Long-term dynamics of shallow coral reefs in St. John, US Virgin Islands. Coral

Reefs 21:357-367.

Edmunds, P.J. 2005. The effect of sub-lethal increases in temperature on the growth and population trajectories of three scleractinian corals on the southern Great Barrier Reef. Oecologia 146:350-364.

Carpenter, R.C. and P.J. Edmunds. 2006. Local and regional scale recovery of Diadema promotes recruitment of scleractinian corals. Ecology Letters 9:271-280.

Edmunds, P.J. 2006. Temperature-mediated transitions between isometry and allometry in a colonial modular invertebrate. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 273:2275-2281.

Edmunds, P.J. and R. Elahi. 2007. The demographics of a 15-year decline in cover of the Caribbean reef coral Montastraea annularis. Ecological Monographs 77:3-18.

27

RUTH D. GATES Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology

University of Hawaii Kaneohe, HI 96744

Telephone: 808-236-7420 Fax: 808-236-7443


Area of Expertise: Molecular and Functional Biology of Corals Education: B.S. Marine Biology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK 1984 Ph.D. Zoology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK 1990 Academic Employment: 2003 - Present, Assistant Researcher, University of Hawaii 2002 - 2003, Assistant Researcher, University of California, Los Angeles MCR LTER Synergistic Activities: Ongoing participation in the coral time series studies through an active collaboration with Peter Edmunds; establishment of comparative sampling sites in Hawaii with the goal of providing a Pacific comparison for MCR; development of research proposals leveraging MCR funding; participation in a diversity of outreach and education activities, collaboration with state and federal partners. Five publications most closely related to project: Gleason, D.F., P.J. Edmunds and R.D. Gates. 2006. Ultraviolet radiation effects on the behavior and

recruitment of larvae from the reef coral Porites astreoides. Marine Biology 148:503–512.

Apprill, A.M. and R.D. Gates. 2007. Recognizing the complexity of coral endosymbiotic communities. Molecular Ecology 16:1127-1134.

Mayfield, A.B. and R.D. Gates. 2007. Osmoregulation and osmotic stress in coral dinoflagellate symbiosis: Role in coral bleaching. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, In press.

Lesser, M.P., J.C. Bythell, R.D. Gates, R.W. Johnstone, and O.H. Guldberg. 2007. Are infectious diseases really killing corals? Alternative interpretations of the experimental and ecological data. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, In press.

Apprill, A.M., R.R. Bidigare and R.D. Gates. 2007. Visibly healthy corals exhibit variable pigment concentrations and symbiont phenotypes. Coral Reefs, In press.

28

GRETCHEN E. HOFMANN Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology

University of California Santa Barbara, California 93106-9610

Telephone: 805-893-6175 Fax: 805-893-4724

Email: [email protected] Area of Expertise: Ecological Physiology of Marine Animals Education: B.S. Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie 1985 M.S. Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder 1988 Ph.D. Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder 1992 Post-doc Zoology, Oregon State University, Corvallis 1993 Post-doc NSF Marine Biotechnology and Ocean Sciences, Stanford University 1996 Academic Employment: 2004 - Present, Associate Professor, University of California, Santa Barbara 2002 - 2004, Assistant Professor, University of California, Santa Barbara 1999 - 2002, Assistant Professor, Arizona State University 1997 - 1999, Assistant Professor, University of New Mexico 1995 - 1996, Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University 1992 - 1995, NSF Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Oregon State University

MCR LTER Synergistic Activities: Co-Instructor for the NSF Antarctic Biology Course, 1999-2001 (PI: Dr. D. Manahan, University of Southern California); instructor in a marine biology field course for the Minority Access to Research Careers (MARC) program at Arizona State University; PI on an NSF ADVANCE Leadership Award to increase the recruitment and retention of women in science; mentor for Howard Hughes Medical Institute Undergraduate Fellows, University of New Mexico and Arizona State University, providing and supervising 8 undergraduate students in research projects during summer and semester rotations from 1997 to 2002; sponsored 3 NSF REU students in association with an NSF grant from Ecological and Evolutionary Physiology (IBN 9723063/IBN 0096100). Five publications most closely related to project: Sorte, C.J.B. and G.E. Hofmann. 2004. Changes in latitudes, changes in aptitudes: Nucella

canaliculata are more stressed at their range edge. Marine Ecology Progress Series 274:263-268.

Osovitz, C.J. and G.E. Hofmann. 2005. Thermal-history dependent expression of the hsp70 gene in the purple sea urchins: Biogeographic patterns and the effect of thermal acclimation. Journal Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 327:134-143.

Hofmann, G.E., J.L. Burnaford and K.T. Fielman. 2005. Genomic approaches to current challenges in marine ecology. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 20:305-311.

Sea Urchin Genome Sequencing Consortium. 2006. The Genome of the Purple Sea Urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. Science 314:941-952.

Hofmann, G.E. and S.P. Place. 2007. Genomic applications in marine ecology: challenges, risks and pay-offs. Marine Ecology Progress Series 332:249-255.

29

SALLY J. HOLBROOK Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology and Marine Science Institute


Telephone: 805-893-3956 Fax: 805-893-3777


Area of Expertise: Community Ecology, Maintenance of Biodiversity, Biotic Interactions Education: B.A. Biology, Smith College, MA 1970 Ph.D. Zoology, Univ. California Berkeley 1975 Academic Employment: 1987 - Present, Professor, University of California, Santa Barbara 1981 - 1987, Associate Professor, University of California, Santa Barbara 1975 - 1981, Assistant Professor, University of California, Santa Barbara MCR LTER Synergistic Activities: Co-PI and Member of Moorea Coral Reef LTER project; member of MCR Executive Committee, and participant in MCR LTER investigations of ecological structure and function of coral reef communities; Co-PI and Member of Santa Barbara Coastal LTER project, member of SBC Executive Committee, and participant in SB LTER investigations of trophic structure and interactions on California rocky reefs; Chair, UCOP Select Committee of Decommissioning of Offshore Oil and Gas Production Facilities (report url: http://www.ucop.edu/research/ucmc_decommissioning/index.html); Member, LTER Executive Board; Chair, co-chair and member of graduate student dissertation committees; Faculty Advisor, Santa Cruz Island Reserve, UC Natural Reserve System, 1981-present; Member, UCSB Chancellor’s Outreach Advisory Board and Chair, Faculty K-12 Outreach Grants Committee; Co-organizer, Coral Reef Environmental Observatory Network (CREON; www.coralreefeon.org). Five publications most closely related to project: Holbrook, S.J. and R.J. Schmitt. 2002. Competition for shelter space causes density-dependent

predation mortality in damselfishes. Ecology 83:2855-2868.

Holbrook, S.J. and R.J. Schmitt. 2003. Spatial and temporal variation in mortality of newly settled damselfishes: patterns, causes and co-variation with settlement. Oecologia 135:532-541.

Holbrook, S.J. and R.J. Schmitt. 2004. Population dynamics of a damselfish: effects of a competitor that also is an indirect mutualist. Ecology 85:979-985.

Stewart, H.L., S.J. Holbrook, R.J. Schmitt and A.J. Brooks. 2006. Symbiotic crabs maintain coral health by clearing sediments. Coral Reefs 25:609-615.

Schmitt, R.J. and S.J. Holbrook. 2007. The scale and cause of spatial heterogeneity in the strength of temporal density dependence. Ecology 88:1241-1249.

30

DAVID W. LEA Department of Geological Sciences

University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9630

Telephone: 805-893-8665 Fax: 805-893-2314


Area of Expertise: Paleoclimate, Paleoceanography and Geochemistry

Education: B.S. Geology, Haverford College, Pennsylvania 1984 Ph.D. Oceanography, Massachusetts Institute of Technology 1990 Academic Employment: 1999 - Present, Professor, University of California, Santa Barbara 2002 - 2003, Leverhulme Visiting Professor, University of Cambridge, UK 1995 - 1999, Associate Professor, University of California, Santa Barbara 1995 – 1996, Visiting Associate Professor, University of Chicago, Illinois 1989 - 1995, Assistant Professor, University of California, Santa Barbara MCR LTER Synergistic Activities: I have played an active role in the academic community by convening and chairing eight theme sessions at national and international meetings since 1995. These sessions play a significant role in allowing scholars to exchange ideas and data on the topics of climate proxies and geochemical tracers. I view education as a major part of my job, and I teach classes that range from first-year level oceanography to graduate seminars. My research activities directly influence my teaching at all levels because I incorporate the latest findings into my teaching. I also try to involve undergraduates in my research program wherever possible. Finally, I give talks to general audiences about global climate change. With my wife, a high school teacher, I took 17 high school students to the Galapagos Islands in spring 2001 for an educational trip covering the natural history of this region.

Publications: Lea, D.W., G.T. Shen and E.A. Boyle. 1989. Coralline barium records temporal variability in

equatorial Pacific upwelling. Nature 340:373-376.

Lea, D.W., D.K. Pak and H.J. Spero. 2000. Climate impact of late Quaternary equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature variations. Science 289(5486):1719-1724.

Tudhope, A.W., C.P. Chilcott, M.T. McCulloch, E.R. Cook, J. Chappell, R.M. Ellam, D.W. Lea, J.M. Lough and G.B. Shimmield. 2001. Variability in the El Niño Southern Oscillation through a glacial-interglacial cycle. Science 291(5508):1511-1517.

Medina-Elizade, M. and D.W. Lea. 2005. The mid-Pleistocene transition in the tropical Pacific. Science 310:1009-1012.

Hansen, J., M. Sato, R. Ruedy, K. Lo, D.W. Lea and M. Medina-Elizade. 2006. Global temperature change. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 103:14288-14293.

31

JAMES J. LEICHTER Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California, San Diego

La Jolla, CA 92093-0227 Telephone: 858-822-5330


Area of Expertise: Physical-biological Coupling Education: B.A. English, Stanford University, CA 1988 M.S. Biology, Northeastern University, MA 1992 Ph.D. Biology, Stanford University, CA 1997 Post-doc Biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, MA 2001 Academic Employment: 2007 – Present, Associate Professor, University of California, San Diego 2001 - 2007, Assistant Professor, University of California, San Diego 1997 - 2001, Postdoctoral Fellow, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, MA 1990 -1992, N.S.F. Research Assistant, Northeastern University, MA 1988 - 1989, Research Technician, Stanford University, CA 1988 - 1989, Research Intern, Monterey Bay Aquarium, CA MCR LTER Synergistic Activities: Generated physical oceanographic database from Florida Keys research for science-based high school lesson plans developed through the National Undersea Research Center, 2001-2002.

Five publications most closely related to project: Leichter, J.J., S.R. Wing, S.L. Miller and M.W. Denny. 1996. Pulsed delivery of subthermocline water

to Conch Reef (Florida Keys) by internal tidal bores. Limnology and Oceanography 41:1490-1501.

Leichter, J.J., G. Shellenbarger, S.J. Genovese and S.R. Wing. 1998. Breaking internal waves on a Florida (USA) coral reef: a plankton pump at work? Marine Ecology Progress Series 166:83-97.

Leichter, J.J., H.L. Stewart and S.L. Miller. 2003. Episodic nutrient transport to Florida coral reefs. Limnology and Oceanography 48:1394-1407.

Leichter, J.J., G.B. Deane and M.D. Stokes. 2005. Spatial and temporal variability of internal wave forcing on a coral reef. Journal of Physical Oceanography 35:1945-1962.

Leichter, J.J. and S. J. Genovese. 2006. Intermittent upwelling and subsidized growth of the scleractinian coral Madracis mirabilis on the deep fore reef slope of Discovery Bay, Jamaica. Marine Ecology Progress Series 316:95-103.

32

HUNTER S. LENIHAN Bren School of Environmental Science and Management


Telephone: 805-893-8629 Fax: 805-893-7612

Email: [email protected] Area of Expertise: Marine Community Ecology, Human-resource Interactions, Fishery Management Education: B.S. Conservation of Natural Resources, University of California, Berkeley 1986 M.S. Marine Science, Moss Landing Marine Laboratories 1992 Ph.D. Marine Science, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 1998 Academic Employment: 2006 - Present, Associate Professor, University of California, Santa Barbara 2002 - 2006, Assistant Professor, University of California, Santa Barbara 2001 - 2002, Fisheries Biologist, National Marine Fisheries Service, Newport, OR MCR LTER Synergistic Activities: Coral population dynamics; Modeling circulation patterns in lagoon systems; Fisheries management of giant clam in Moorea; Participation in Natural-Social Science research planning effort for MCR LTER; Collaboration with SBC LTER for joint Natural-Social Science research planning effort; Advising UG students involved in ESA SEEDS program; Participating in MCR LTER physical-biological coupling research group. Five publications most closely related to project: Lenihan, H.S. 1999. Physical-biological coupling on oyster reefs: how habitat form influences

individual performance. Ecological Monographs 69:251-275.

Jackson, J.B.C., M.X. Kirby, W.H. Berger, K.A. Bjorndal, L.W. Botsford, B.J. Bourque, R. Bradbury, R. Cooke, J.A. Estes, T.P. Hughes, S. Kidwell, C.B. Lange, H.S. Lenihan, J.M. Pandolfi, C.H. Peterson, R.S. Steneck, M.J. Tegner and R. Warner. 2001. Historical overfishing and the collapse of marine ecosystems. Science 293:629-638.

Lenihan, H.S., C.H. Peterson, J.E. Byers, J.H. Grabowski, G.W. Thayer and D.R. Colby. 2001. Cascading of habitat degradation: oyster reefs invaded by refugee fishes escaping stress. Ecological Applications 11:748-764.

Lotze, H.K., H.S. Lenihan, B.J. Bourque, R. Bradbury, R. Cooke, M.C. Kay, S. Kidwell, M.X. Kirby, C.H. Peterson and J.B.C. Jackson. 2006. Depletion, degradation, and recovery of estuaries and coastal seas. Science 312:1806-1809.

Penin, L., M. Adjeroud, M. Schrimm and H.S. Lenihan. 2007. High spatial variability in coral bleaching around Moorea (French Polynesia): patterns across locations and water depths. Comptes Rendus Biologies 330:171-181.

33

SALLY MACINTYRE Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology University of California, Santa Barbara



Area of Expertise: Physical-coupling, Biological-coupling, Chemical-coupling Education: B.A. Zoology, Duke University 1972 Ph.D. Zoology, Duke University 1981 Post-doc University of California, Santa Barbara 1982 Academic Employment: 2004 - Present, Professor, University of California, Santa Barbara 1985 - Present, Associate Research Limnologist/Oceanographer, University of California, Santa Barbara 1996 - Present, Lecturer, University of California, Santa Barbara 1987 -1989, Lecturer, University of California, Santa Barbara 1982 -1985, Assistant Research Engineer, University of California, Santa Barbara MCR LTER Synergistic Activities: MCR LTER Executive Committee; member, MCR LTER Physical Oceanography Group; member MCR LTER Water Column Processes Group; member MCR LTER benthic metabolism group; Associate Scientist with SBC and ARC LTERs; Member, Expert Committee to the World Bank advising on the Stability of Lake Kivu, 2006 to present; U.S. National Representative for the Int. Society of Limnology and Head of the Physical Limnology Section of SIL, 2004-2007; ASLO Steering Committee charged by NSF to develop research initiatives for inland waters for the next decade, 2002-2004; Associate Editor: Limnology and Oceanography: Methods, 2002-2007; Associate Editor: Biogeosciences, 2004-2006; Education and Human Resources Committee for ASLO, 2002-2004. Development of software for analysis of time series physical data used by SBC, ARC, and MCR LTER sites. Five publications most closely related to project: Maclntyre, S., K.M. Flynn, R. Jellison and J.R. Romero. 1999. Boundary mixing and nutrient flux in

Mono Lake, CA. Limnology and Oceanography 44:225-242.

MacIntyre, S. and R. Jellison. 2001. Nutrient fluxes from upwelling and enhanced turbulence at the top of the pycnocline in Mono Lake, CA. Hydrobiologia 466:13-29.

MacIntyre, S., J.R. Romero and G.W. Kling. 2002. Spatial-temporal variability in upwelling, mixed layer deepening and lateral advection in an embayment of Lake Victoria, East Africa. Limnology and Oceanography 47:656-671.

Banerjee, S. and S. MacIntyre. 2004. The air-water interface: turbulence and scalar exchange. In John Grue, Philip L.F. Liu and G.K. Pedersen, eds. PIV and Water Waves. World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.

MacIntyre, S., J.O. Sickman, S.A. Goldthwait and G.W. Kling. 2006. Physical pathways of nutrient supply in a small, ultra-oligotrophic arctic lake during summer stratification. Limnology and Oceanography 51:1107-1124.

34

STEPHANE MARITORENA Institute for Computational Earth System Science

University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara, CA, 93106-3060

Telephone: 805-893 4308 Fax: 805-893 2578


Area of Expertise: Marine Optics, Bio-optical Modeling, Remote Sensing Education: B.S. Biology, University P. et M. Curie, Paris, France 1986 M.S. Biological Oceanography, University P. et M. Curie, Paris, France 1987 Ph.D. Oceanography, Université Française du Pacifique, Tahiti, French Polynesia 1993 Academic Employment: 2002 - Present, Associate Researcher, University of California, Santa Barbara 1999 - 2002, Assistant Researcher, University of California, Santa Barbara 1996 - 1998, Visiting Scientist, Goddard Space Flight Center/NASA 1993 - 1995, Postdoctoral Research Scientist and Teaching Assistant, Université Française du Pacifique MCR LTER Synergistic Activities: Development of the ocean color (chlorophyll, acdm(443), bbp(443), Kd(490)), PAR and SST satellite time-series. General and thematic mapping of the reef from high resolution satellite imagery. Five publications most closely related to project: Maritorena, S., A. Morel and B. Gentili. 1994. Diffuse reflectance of oceanic shallow waters: Influence

of the water depth and bottom albedo. Limnology and Oceanography 39(7):1689-1703.

Maritorena, S. 1996. Remote sensing of the water attenuation in coral reefs: A case study in French Polynesia. Int. J. Remote Sensing 17(1):155-166.

Payri, C., S. Maritorena, C. Bizeau and M. Rodiere. 2001. Photoacclimation in the tropical coralline algae Hydrolithon onkodes from a French Polynesian Reef. Journal of Phycology 37(2):223-234.

Maritorena, S., C. Payri, M. Babin, H. Claustre, L. Bonnafous, A. Morel and M. Rodière. 2002. Photo acclimatization in the zooxanthellae of Pocillopora verrucosa and comparison with a pelagic algal community. Oceanologica Acta 25(3-4):125-134.

Maritorena, S. and D.A. Siegel. 2005. Consistent merging of satellite ocean color data sets using a bio-optical model. Remote Sensing of the Environment 94(4):429-440.

35

ROGER M. NISBET Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology

University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106 Telephone: 805-893- 7115


Area of Expertise: Theoretical Ecology Education: B.S. Physics and Theoretical Physics, University of St. Andrews 1968 Ph.D. Theoretical Physics, University of St. Andrews 1971 Post-doc University of Sussex, England 1972 Academic Employment: 1991- Present, Professor, University of California, Santa Barbara 2001- 2004, Chair, University of California, Santa Barbara 1989 - 2001, Professor, University of Strathclyde, Scotland 1985 - 1989, Visiting Research Biologist, University of California, Santa Barbara 1985 - 1986, Personal Professor in Applied Physics, University of Strathclyde, Scotland 1983 - 1985, Reader in Applied Physics, University of Strathclyde, Scotland 1977 - 1979, Senior Lecturer, University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji 1972 - 1977, Lecturer in Applied Physics, University of Strathclyde, Scotland MCR LTER Synergistic Activities: Ecological theory and modeling relating to many MCR investigations. Primary interest is in applications of dynamic energy budget theory to coral growth, reproduction and interactions. Other interests include development of theory appropriate for modeling population dynamics on heterogeneous landscapes. Supervision of graduate students working on MCR projects. Five publications most closely related to project: Nisbet, R.M., E.B. Muller, K. Lika and S.A.L.M. Kooijman. 2000. From molecules to ecosystems

through dynamic energy budget models. Journal of Animal Ecology 69:913-926.

Murdoch, W.W., C.J. Briggs and R.M. Nisbet. 2003. Consumer-Resource Dynamics. Princeton University Press.

Klanjscek, T., H. Caswell, M.G. Neubert and R.M. Nisbet. 2006. Integrating dynamic energy budgets into matrix population models. Ecological Modeling 196:407–420.

Klansjcek, T., R.M. Nisbet, H. Caswell and M.G. Neubert. 2007. Energetics and bioaccumulation: a model for marine mammals. Ecological Applications, In press.

Buenau, K.E., A. Rassweiler and R.M. Nisbet. 2007. The effects of landscape structure on space competition and alternative stable states. Ecology, In press.

36

RUSSELL J. SCHMITT Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology and Marine Science Institute


Telephone: 805-893-2051 Fax: 805-893-3777


Area of Expertise: Population Dynamics, Community Dynamics Education: B.A. Environmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 1970 M.S. Marine Science, University of the Pacific, CA 1975 Ph.D. Biology, University of California, Los Angeles 1979 Post-doc University of California, Santa Barbara 1981 Academic Employment: 1994 - Present, Professor, University of California, Santa Barbara 1993 - 1994, Associate Professor, University of California, Santa Barbara 1992 - 1993, Research Biologist, University of California, Santa Barbara 1987 - 1992, Associate Research Biologist, University of California, Santa Barbara 1981 - 1987, Assistant Research Biologist, University of California, Santa Barbara MCR LTER Synergistic Activities: Program Director, Coastal Toxicology Training Program, UC Toxic Substances Research & Teaching Program, a UC-wide graduate training program; Lead PI of the Moorea Coral Reef LTER, member of Executive Committee, and participant in MCR LTER investigations of ecological structure and function of coral reef communities; Associate Investigator of Santa Barbara Coastal LTER, and participant in SBC LTER investigations of trophic structure and interactions on California rocky reefs; Member, LTER Network Science Council; Director, Coastal Research Center of Marine Science Institute, facilitating interdisciplinary research and research training activities in coastal marine environments; Chair, UCOP Scientific Advisory Committee for the California Sea Grant Program; Scientific Advisory Panel to the California Coastal Commission for the San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station mitigation program. Five publications most closely related to project: Schmitt, R.J, S.J. Holbrook and C.W. Osenberg. 1999. Quantifying the effects of multiple processes on

local abundance: a cohort approach for open populations. Ecology Letters 2:294-303.

Schmitt, R.J. and S.J. Holbrook. 1999. Mortality of juvenile damselfish: implications for assessing processes that determine abundance. Ecology 80:35-50.

Schmitt, R.J. and S.J. Holbrook. 2002. Spatial variation in concurrent settlement of three damselfishes: relationships with near-field current flow. Oecologia 131:391-401.

Schmitt, R.J. and S.J. Holbrook. 2003. Mutualism can mediate competition and promote coexistence. Ecology Letters 6:898-902.

Schmitt, R.J. and S.J. Holbrook. 2007. The scale and cause of spatial heterogeneity in the strength of temporal density dependence. Ecology 88:1241-1249.

37

LIBE WASHBURN Department of Geography


Telephone: 805-893-7367 Fax: 805-893-2578


Area of Expertise: Coastal Physical Oceanography, Mesoscale Processes Education: B.S. Mechanical Engineering, University of Arizona 1974 M.S. Engineering Science, University of California at San Diego 1978 Ph.D. Engineering Science, University of California at San Diego 1982 Academic Employment: 1998 – Present, Professor, University of California, Santa Barbara 1993 - 1998, Associate Professor, University of California, Santa Barbara 1991 - 1993, Assistant Professor, University of California, Santa Barbara 1985 - 1990, Research Assistant Professor, University of Southern California, Los Angeles 1982 - 1985, Postgraduate Research Oceanographer, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA 1977 - 1982, Research Assistant and Teaching Assistant, University of California, San Diego 1975 - 1977, Aeroballistics Engineer, General Dynamics, Convair Division, San Diego, CA MCR LTER Synergistic Activities: My MCR LTER research explores how oceanographic processes, such as ocean currents and waves, affect reef communities. These processes vary over a range of time scales and I am working with MCR LTER colleagues to obtain long, high resolution time series to quantify these processes. Synthetic activities include linking oceanographic processes with changing coral reef communities. I collaborate extensively with colleagues in ecology, geology, and geo-chemistry. Graduate and undergraduate students participate in field work, data analysis and synthesis, and I use results from my MCR LTER research in my teaching. I serve on the Network Information System Advisory Committee (NISAC). Five publications most closely related to project: Beckenbach, E.H. and L. Washburn. 2004. Low frequency waves in the Santa Barbara Channel

observed by high frequency radar. Journal of Geophysical Research 109(C2): Art. No. CO2010.

Cudaback, C., L. Washburn and E.P. Dever. 2005. Inner-shelf circulation near Pt. Conception California. Journal of Geophysical Research- Oceans 110(C10): Art. No. C10007.

Bassin, C.J., L. Washburn, M.A. Brzezinski and E.E. McPhee-Shaw. 2005. Sub-mesoscale coastal eddies observed by high frequency radar: A new mechanism for delivering nutrients to kelp forests in the Southern California Bight. Geophysical Research Letters 32(12): Art. No. L12604.

Anderson, C.R., M.A. Brzezinski, L. Washburn and R. Kudela. 2006. Circulation and environmental conditions during a toxigenic Pseudo-nitzschia australis bloom in the Santa Barbara Channel, California. Marine Ecology Progress Series 327:119-133.

Emery, B., L. Washburn, M. Love, M. Nishimoto and J. Ohlmann. 2006. Do oil and gas platforms off California reduce recruitment of bocaccio (Sebastes paucispinis) to natural habitat? An analysis based on trajectories derived from high frequency radar. Fishery Bulletin 104:391-400.

38

ALLISON C. WHITMER Department of Biology and Marine Science Institute

University of California, Santa Barbara Santa Barbara, CA 93106 Telephone: 805-893-6174


Area of Expertise: Science Education Education: B.S. Environmental Biology, California State University, Northridge 1990 M.S. Biology, California State University, Northridge 1993 Ph.D. Botany, University of Washington, Seattle 2002 Academic Employment: 2002 - Present, Director of Education and Research Scientist, University of California, Santa Barbara 1999 - 2003, Undergraduate Programs Manager, Arizona State University 2001 -2003, Instructor, Shoals Marine Lab 1999 - 2001, Research Associate, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 1990 - 1998, Teaching Assistant, University of Washington and CSU, Northridge MCR LTER Synergistic Activities: Advisory Committee Member, Center for Equity in Mathematics and Science Education, University of California, Santa Barbara; PI on Arizona Board of Regents Learner-Centered Education Grant, Enhancing Learning in First-Year Biology Courses Through the Use of Classroom Technologies; Led the development of a program-wide assessment protocol for NSF-funded UMEB programs, Standardized Assessment and Evaluation of NSF-Undergraduate Mentoring in Environmental Biology (UMEB) Programs (Supplement to ASU’s UMEB grant); Co-PI on NSF Grant: ADVANCE: Supporting Women in Science (SWIS), which focuses on recruitment and retention of women in science; Review Panel Member, Course, Curriculum and Laboratory Improvement (CCLI) program (DUE), National Science Foundation. Five publications most closely related to project: Whitmer A. and R.A. Catollico. 1997. Phycology Laboratory Manual, University of Washington,

Seattle, WA.

Rutowski, R. and A. Whitmer. 2001. Redesigning Laboratory Classrooms. Howard Hughes Medical Institute Bulletin May:46-47.

Harrison, J., J. Nichols and A. Whitmer. 2001. Evaluating the impact of physical renovation, computerization, and use of an inquiry approach in an undergraduate, allied health human anatomy and physiology lab. Advances in Physiology Education 25(4):202-210.

Whitmer, A., J. Maienschein and R. Rutowski. 2002. Biology and society: educating for the future. The Journal for the Art of Teaching 9(1):22-36.

Whitmer, A. 2002. Characterization of microsatellite loci in the intertidal kelp Postelsia palmaeformis. Molec. Ecology Notes 2:469-471.

39

SUSAN L. WILLIAMS Bodega Marine Laboratory and Evolution and Ecology

University of California, Davis Bodega Bay, CA 94923-0247

Telephone: 707-875-2211 Fax: 707-875-2009


Area of Expertise: Marine Ecology Education: B.S. Biology, University of Michigan 1972 M.S. Biological Oceanography, University of Alaska 1977 Ph.D. Botany and Marine Biology, University of Maryland 1981 Academic Employment: 2000 - Present, Director, Bodega Marine Laboratory; 2000 - Present, Professor, University of California, Davis 1995 - 2001, Professor, San Diego State University 1993 - 2000, Director, San Diego State University 1990 - 1995, Associate Professor, San Diego State University 1990 - 1997, Adjunct Assistant Professor, University of Washington 1986 - 1990, Research Assistant Professor, University of Washington 1984 - 1986, Science Director, NOAA National Undersea Research Program, St. Croix, USVI 1984 - 1990, Adjunct Assistant Professor, University, St. Croix, USVI 1982 - 1984, Assistant Research Professor, State University of New York, Stony Brook MCR LTER Synergistic Activities: Participation in time series nitrogen fixation studies; participation on MCR LTER Executive Committee; participation in IOOS and NEON planning; participation in National Association of Marine Laboratories. Five publications most closely related to project: Carpenter, R.C. and S.L. Williams. 1993. Effects of algal turf canopy height and microscale

topography on flow speed profiles in a coral fore reef environment. Limnology and Oceanography 38:687-694.

Williams, S.L. and R.C. Carpenter. 1997. Grazing effects on nitrogen fixation in coral reef algal turfs. Marine Biology 130:223-231.

Williams, S.L. and R.C. Carpenter. 1998. Effects of unidirectional and oscillatory water flow on nitrogen fixation (acetylene reduction) in coral reef algal turfs, Kaneohe Bay, Hawaii. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 226:293-316.

Cheroske, A.G., S.L. Williams and R. C. Carpenter. 2000. Effects of physical and biological disturbances to Hawaiian algal turf communities. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 248:1-34.

Carpenter, R.C. and S.L. Williams. 2007. Mass transfer limitation of photosynthesis of coral reef algal turfs. Marine Biology 151:435-450.

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Appendix V. Biographical Sketches of MCR Postdoctoral Investigators

Postdoctoral Investigators Ricardo Beldade………………………………………………………...................................... 42

Jonathan P. Fram……………………………………………………………………………..... 43

James L. Hench………………………………………………………………………………... 44

Robert M. Morris……………………………………………………………………………... 46

Michael Stat…………………………………………………………………………………… 47

Hannah Stewart……………………………………………………………………………....... 48

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RICARDO BELDADE Ecology and Evolutionary Biology

University of California Santa Cruz, CA, 95060

Telephone: 831-459-1282 Email: [email protected]

Area of Expertise: Marine Ecology; Population Dynamics, Population Genetics LTER Research Area: Population Dynamics

Education: B.S. Marine Biology, Sciences Faculty at Lisbon University 1998 Ph.D. Marine Ecology, Sciences Faculty at Algarve University 2006 Academic Employment: 2007 - Present, Post-doctoral research fellow, University of California, Santa Cruz 2003 - 2007, Technician, Arrabida Marine Park, Portugal 2001 - 2003, Technician 1999 - 2001, Technician MCR LTER Participation: Between March and May 2006, I worked on recruitment dynamics of Dascyllus trimaculatus at Giacomo Bernardi’s laboratory (UCSC). We looked for differences between the recruits sampled from a channel and crest row of anemones planted in Moorea. The presence of a particular mutation (OC3) in the mitochondrial DNA was assessed through RFLPs and later confirmed by sequencing the individuals bearing that mutation. Besides the differences in the number of individuals carrying the OC3 mutation between the channel and crest rows, the results suggest some degree of self-recruitment, which justifies a follow up on this project to assess self-recruitment levels. In February and March 2007 I worked on parentage of the orange-fin anemonefish, Amphiprion chrysopterus, at Serge Plane’s laboratory (Universite de Perpignan). We tested approximately 60 microsatellites, designed for other Amphiprion species. The PCR amplification conditions to use the 20 microsatellites that worked were optimized. PCR amplifications were multiplexed for 5 of these loci. After this, the DNA of 151 samples collected at Moorea in 2006 was extracted and amplifications for all of the microsatellites were done. The PCR products were sequenced and the individuals scored for 18 microsatellites (2 out of the twenty selected initially did not work for all of the samples). My participation in the MCR LTER has given me the opportunity to use several molecular markers, including mitochondrial DNA and microsatellites in addressing parentage assessment, population genetics and connectivity. These studies will enable me to pursue my interests which span ecology, conservation, and management. In fact, I believe that dispersion and connectivity between fish populations have and will prove to be one of the main tools for management and conservation of marine biodiversity. Publications most closely related to MCR LTER: Beldade, R., R. Borges and E.J. Gonçalves. 2006. Depth distribution of very nearshore temperate fish

larval assemblages at close proximity to the rocky substrate. Journal of Plankton Research 28:1003-1013.

Beldade, R., K. Erzini and E.J. Gonçalves. 2006. Temporal dynamics of a temperate cryptobenthic rocky fish assemblage. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the UK 86:1221-1228.

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JONATHAN P. FRAM Marine Science Institute University of California

Santa Barbara, CA, 93106 Telephone: 805-893-7804

Email: [email protected] Area of Expertise: Environmental Fluid Mechanics LTER Research Area: Primary Productivity, Physical-biological Coupling

Education: B.A. Physics, Pomona College 1995 M.A. Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley 2001 Ph.D. Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley 2005 Academic Employment: 2007 - Present, Associate Specialist I, University of California, Santa Barbara 2006 - 2007, Assistant Specialist III, University of California, Santa Barbara MCR LTER Participation: I was responsible for field work in support of the Spatial – Temporal Variability of Turbulence within Coral Reefs mini-grant in May/June 2006 and March 2007. Work has included measurements of benthic primary productivity, assessment of gas transfer coefficients for improved accuracy in benthic metabolism measurements, turbulence in coral reefs, residence time of solutes and particles in coral heads, and vertical mixing in the water column across the back reef. I also worked with Sally MacIntyre in Cook’s Bay to quantify exchange processes and plume dynamics. In addition, I contributed to the design and implementation of Jenny Romanowich’s Undergraduate Honor’s Thesis.

Publications most closely related to MCR LTER: Fram, J.P., M.A. Martin and M.T. Stacey. 2007. Dispersive fluxes between the coastal ocean and a

semi-enclosed estuarine basin. Journal of Physical Oceanography, In press.

Martin, M.A., J.P. Fram and M.T. Stacey. 2007. Seasonal chlorophyll-A fluxes between the coastal Pacific Ocean and San Francisco Bay. Marine Ecological Progress Series, In press.

Gaylord, B, J.H. Rosman, D.C. Reed, J.R. Koseff, J.P. Fram, S. MacIntyre, K. Arkema, C. McDonald, M.A. Brzezinski, J.L. Largier, S.G. Monismith, P.T. Raimondi and B. Mardian. 2007. Spatial patterns of flow and their modification within and around a giant kelp forest. Limnology and Oceanography, In press.

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JAMES L. HENCH Environmental Fluid Mechanics Laboratory

Stanford University Stanford, CA 94305-4020 Telephone: 650-725-5948

Email: [email protected] Area of Expertise: Shallow Water Physical Oceanography, Physical-biological Interactions LTER Research Area: Physical-biological Coupling, Physical and Ecological Modeling

Education: B.S. Civil Engineering, North Carolina State University 1991 M.S. Civil Engineering, Stanford University 1992 Ph.D. Physical Oceanography, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 2002 Academic Employment: 2006 – Present, Research Associate, Stanford University 2004 - 2006, Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Stanford University 2003 - 2004, Postdoctoral Research Fellow, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 1995 - 2002, Researcher/ Teaching Assistant, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 1994 - 1995, Teaching Assistant, University of Washington 1993 - 1994, Research Technician, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 1992 - 1993, Research Technician, North Carolina State University 1991 - 1992, Research Assistant, Stanford University 1989 - 1991, Research Assistant, North Carolina State University MCR LTER Participation: I am conducting physical oceanographic studies of circulation and exchange over coral reefs, lagoons, and reef passes. These physical processes are central to the physical-biological coupling theme of the MCR LTER. My work has quantified the role of tides versus wave driven forcing, the rate and amount of flushing in the backreef lagoons, the role of stratification on lagoon-ocean exchange, wave-turbulence separation, and dynamical balances of wave-driven flow. I am collaborating with several other MCR LTER participants on coral growth and predation, and larval transport. The MCR LTER has been of tremendous help in logistical support (e.g., lab space, field instrumentation, SCUBA equipment, shop tools, boats, and technicians), and mini-grant support for travel and supplies. My connection to the MCR LTER was also extremely helpful in successfully obtaining a new NSF grant (OCE-0622967) for more detailed physical oceanographic studies in Moorea. Finally, the intellectual exchange with the wide range of other MCR LTER investigators has been invaluable for my professional development. Publications most closely related to MCR LTER: Hench, J.L., B.O. Blanton and R.A. Luettich Jr. 2002. Lateral dynamic analysis and classification of

barotropic tidal inlets. Continental Shelf Research 22(18/19):2615-2631.

Hench, J.L., and R.A. Luettich, Jr. 2003. Transient tidal circulation and momentum balances at a shallow inlet. Journal of Physical Oceanography 33(4):913-932.

Hench, J.L., R.B. Forward Jr., S.D. Carr, D. Rittschof and R.A. Luettich, Jr. 2004. Testing a selective tidal-stream transport model: observations of female blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) vertical migration during the spawning season. Limnology and Oceanography 49(5):1857-1870.

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Nidzieko, N.J., D.A. Fong, and J.L. Hench. 2006. Comparison of Reynolds stress estimates derived from standard and fast-ping ADCPs. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 23(6):854-861.

Rosman, J.H., J.L. Hench, J.R. Koseff and S.G. Monismith. 2007. Extracting Reynolds stresses from acoustic Doppler current profiler measurements in wave-dominated environments. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, In press.

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ROBERT M. MORRIS Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology

University of California Santa Barbara, CA, 93106 Telephone: 805-893-8087

Email: [email protected] Area of Expertise: Marine Microbial Ecology LTER Research Area: Population Dynamics, Food Web and Nutrient Dynamics, Physical-biological Coupling

Education: B.A. Biology and Russian, George Mason University 1995 Ph. D Microbiology, Oregon State University 2004 Academic Employment: 2006 - Present, Postdoctoral Researcher, University of California, Santa Barbara 2004 - 2006, Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Cornell University MCR LTER Participation: In March 2007, we completed the first microbial community structure survey. Initial results indicate that there are unique microbial communities associated with different portions of the reef ecosystem. Correlations with DOM and nutrients are also evident and current efforts to identify specific lineage contributions to community variability are underway. Total cell counts for Bacteria, the SAR11 clade, and the unicellular cyanobacteria Synechococcus have been completed and a clone library is being constructed to identify unique microbial signatures associated with reef communities. These data provide valuable information about microbial community structure that can be used to support future studies addressing more specific questions related to reef ecology and health. Publications most closely related to MCR LTER: Morris, R.M., M.S. Rappe, S.A. Connon, K.L. Vergin, W.A. Siebold, C.A. Carlson and S.J. Giovannoni.

2002. SAR11 clade dominates ocean surface bacterioplankton communities. Nature 420:806-810.

Morris, R.M., M.S. Rappe, E. Urbach, S.A. Connon and S.J. Giovannoni. 2004. Prevalence of the Chloroflexi-related SAR202 bacterioplankton cluster throughout the mesopelagic zone and deep ocean. Applied Environmental Microbiology 70:2836-2842.

Morris, R.M., K.L. Vergin, J.C. Cho, M.S. Rappe, C.A. Carlson and S.J. Giovannoni. 2005. Temporal and spatial response of bacterioplankton lineages to annual convective overturn at the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study site. Limnology and Oceanography 50:1687-1696.

Morris, R.M., K. Longnecker and S.J. Giovannoni. 2006. Pirellula and OM43 are among the dominant lineages identified in an Oregon coast diatom bloom. Environmental Microbiology 8:1361-1370.

Morris, R.M. 2006. Environmental genomics: exploring ecological sequence space. Current Biology 16:R499-501.

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MICHAEL STAT Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology

University of Hawaii Kaneoe, HI, 96744

Telephone: 808 236 7477 Email: [email protected]

Area of Expertise: Molecular Diversity, Phylogeography LTER Research Area: Population Dynamics Education: B.S. University of Sydney 2000 Ph.D. University of Sydney 2006 Academic Employment: 2005 - Present, Assistant Researcher, University of Hawaii 2000 - 2005, Research Assistant, University of Hawaii MCR LTER Participation: My involvement in the MCR LTER project has allowed me to investigate the molecular diversity of coral endosymbionts from this region, which has not been previously performed. The project has funded the field expenses to sample the coral, including boating and diving and the use of the lab facilities at the Gump Station for sample processing. This experience has allowed me to interact with other scientists working on diverse projects funded by the MCR LTER project which target the same reef environment and has expanded my understanding of coral reef biology. Publications most closely related to MCR LTER: Stat, M., D. Carter and O. Hoegh-Guldberg. 2006. The evolutionary history of Symbiodinium and

scleractinian hosts - Symbiosis, diversity, and the effect of climate change. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 8:23-43.

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HANNAH STEWART Friday Harbor Labs

University of Washington Friday Harbor, WA 98250 Telephone: 360-378-2165

Email: [email protected] Area of Expertise: Marine Ecology, Physical-biological Interactions LTER Research Area: Primary Productivity, Physical-biological Coupling

Education: B. S. Biology, University of Saskatchewan 1995 M.S. Biology, California State University, Northridge 1999 Ph.D. Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley 2004 Academic Employment: 2007 - Present, Postdoctoral Fellow, University of Washington 2004 - 2006, Postdoctoral Research Associate, University of California, Santa Barbara MCR LTER Participation: From October 2004 to December 2006, I held a half-time postdoctoral appointment with the Moorea coral Reef LTER. Affiliation with the LTER provided me resources (personnel, equipment, funding) that I would never have had access to otherwise. Interaction with other non-LTER and LTER scientists, particularly Russ Schmitt and Sally Holbrook, provided me valuable mentorship through collaborations with these successful, established scientists. In addition, I also had the opportunity to collaborate with LTER graduate student Nichole Price and researcher Andrew Brooks that expanded the range of projects that I was exposed to. All-scientist meetings were also a valuable form of interaction with other scientists, and my research benefited from such interactions. As a member of the LTER I had access to the LTER lab space and equipment at the Gump Station in Moorea. These include boats, vehicles, computing facilities and support, cameras, analytical tools, housing, and logistic support from the LTER technicians and field assistants. In addition, I also benefited from support for attending meetings, including costs of printing posters, airfare, housing, per diem, and from the recognition of being associated with the LTER at meetings. For me this was an invaluable experience, and an unbelievable privilege to be included in this program. It was the best possible training that I could have hoped for at this point in my career. I anticipate that my connections with the LTER will continue throughout my career.

Publications most closely related to MCR LTER: Stewart, H.L., S.J. Holbrook, R.J. Schmitt and A.J. Brooks. 2006. Sediment removal by symbiotic

crabs maintains coral health. Coral Reefs 25:609-615. Stewart, H.L. 2006. Morphological variation and phenotypic plasticity in buoyancy in response to flow

in the macroalga Turbinaria ornata. Marine Biology 149(4):721-730. Stewart, H.L. 2006. Hydrodynamic consequences of flexural stiffness and buoyancy for seaweeds: a

study using physical models. Journal of Experimental Biology 209(11):2170-2181.

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Stewart, H.L. 2006. Ontogenetic changes in buoyancy, breaking strength, extensibility and reproductive investment in a rafting macroalga Turbinaria ornata (Phaeophyta). Journal of Phycology 42:43-50.

Stewart, H.L., C.E. Payri and M.A.R. Koehl. 2007. The role of buoyancy in mitigating reduced light

interception for macroalgae in aggregations. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 343:11-20.

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Appendix VI. Profiles of MCR Graduate Students

Graduate Students Thomas Adam……………………………………………………............................................. 53

Gerick Bergsma………………………………………………………………………………...55

Kate Buenau…………………………………………………………………………………… 57

Kate Hanson……………………….…………………………………………………………...59

Corinne Kane………………………………………………………………………………….. 61

Jennifer Lape…………………………………………………………………………………... 63

Mairead E. Maheigan………………………………………………………………………..… 65

Nancy Muehllehner…………………………………………………………………………….67

Jacqueline L. Padilla-Gamiño…………………………………………………………………. 69

Abigail Poray……………………………………………………………………...................... 71

Nichole N. Price……………………………………………………………………………...... 73

Hollie Putnam…………………………………………………………………………………. 77

Melissa I. Spitler……………………………………………………………………………..... 79

Stephanie Talmage…………………………………………………………………………….. 81

Annie Yau…………………………………………………………………............................... 83

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THOMAS ADAM

Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology University of California

Santa Barbara, CA 93106 Email: [email protected]

Status: Ph.D. student, 4th year Program: Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology Current Advisor: Russell Schmitt Previous Education: B.S. Zoology, University of Florida 2002 Areas of Research: Population Dynamics, Disturbance Patterns, Community Ecology, Behavioral Ecology Title of Graduate Research Project: ECOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF A CLEANER-CLIENT MUTUALISM ON CORAL REEFS Project Description: A common interaction on coral reefs involves cleaner fish that are visited by a wide variety of client fishes for the removal of ectoparasites, primarily gnathiid isopods. Cleaners are likely to have large indirect effects on reef residents by attracting and concentrating a diverse assemblage of client fishes to cleaner stations, and I am using field observations and experiments to quantify some of these indirect effects. For example, manipulative experiments indicate that cleaners attract coral predators and as a consequence have an indirect negative effect on corals near cleaning stations. In addition to quantifying indirect effects, I am developing a framework that considers the costs and benefits of the cleaning interaction for client fishes and uses data on the behavior of different client species to predict the extent to which cleaners should influence the distribution patterns of those particular clients. Finally, because cleaners influence the distribution patterns of many species of coral reef fishes, understanding the processes that control the distribution and dynamics of cleaners themselves is an important aspect of my research. MCR LTER Participation: The MCR LTER has been instrumental in aiding my research by providing funding and access to facilities, and has contributed significantly to my professional development by fostering communication with other LTER researchers including professors, post-docs and graduate students. In addition, the MCR LTER has given me an opportunity to communicate my research with other LTER scientists and get valuable feedback that has greatly improved my research. In addition to providing funding for my housing costs and food while conducting research, the MCR LTER has provided equipment that has been instrumental for my research including lab space and general lab equipment (including balances and microscopes), as well as access to boats and SCUBA equipment essential for my research. Conferences Attended: Southern California Animal Behavior Symposium, Santa Barbara, CA, 2007 MCR LTER Annual Meeting, Santa Barbara, CA, 2006 LTER All Scientists Meeting, Estes Park, CO, 2006 Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology Graduate Student Symposium, Santa Barbara, CA, 2006

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Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, Monterrey, CA, 2005 MCR LTER Annual Meeting, Santa Barbara, CA, 2005 Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology Graduate Student Symposium, Santa Barbara, CA, 2005 Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, Long Beach, CA, 2004 Presentations: Invited talk, Do adult cleaners facilitate juvenile conspecifics at cleaner stations? MCR LTER Annual

Meeting, 2006 Poster presentation, Indirect effects of cleaner fish on a branching coral. MCR LTER Annual Meeting,

2006 Poster presentation, Indirect effects of cleaner fish on a branching coral. LTER All Scientists Meeting,

2006 Invited talk, Indirect effects of the cleaner wrasse, Labroides dimidiatus, on coral reefs. Ecology,

Evolution and Marine Biology Graduate Student Symposium, 2006 Invited talk, Indirect effects of the cleaner wrasse, Labroides dimidiatus, on coral reefs. MCR LTER

Annual Meeting, 2005

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GERICK BERGSMA

Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology University of California

Santa Barbara, CA 93106 Email: [email protected]

Status: Ph.D. student, 4th year Program: Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology Current Advisor: Sally Holbrook Previous Education: B.S. Zoology, University of Washington 2000 Areas of Research: Ecosystem Ecology, Population Dynamics, Disturbance Patterns, Mutualisms, Indirect Interactions, Community Structuring, Physical-biological Coupling Title of Graduate Research Project: ECOSYSTEM EFFECTS OF TUBE-DWELLING CORAL SYMBIONTS Project Description: On tropical reefs, coral growth and morphology drive accretion, productivity and habitat structure, impacting local diversity and abundance of reef-associated species. Reef-building corals also form close associations with many organisms, potentially forming symbioses that alter coral structure and productivity. Symbiotic organisms that facilitate the addition of physical structure or increase live coral cover, therefore, could appreciably impact reef ecology. Tube-dwelling chaetopteridean polychaetes and gammaridean amphipods induce growth of finger-like projections on colonies of the dominant genera of reef-building corals in the northern lagoons of Moorea, French Polynesia. These associations are ubiquitous throughout the lagoons, indicating that the symbiont-induced growth forms add significant three-dimensional structure to the reef, potentially impacting both the ecology of the coral and of other organisms living in and feeding on the reef. The association of amphipods with Montipora is particularly prevalent, and is being used to document the effects of these symbioses on coral growth, reproduction and predation, as well as the emergent effects on fish and invertebrate diversity and abundance. MCR LTER Participation: Since its inception, the MCR LTER has aided my research and graduate career by providing equipment, funding and access to other LTER researchers, and I am fortunate for the huge increase in academic resources the MCR LTER has made available to me. Equipment provided through LTER funding has been crucial in conducting my field and laboratory work. In the field, LTER boats and technicians were instrumental in the deployment and recovery of field outplants, and LTER laboratory space and equipment such as microscopes, cameras, and computer facilities were necessary for me to identify my study organisms. In the future, I am hoping to use LTER flumes and oceanographic equipment in the field, and also intend to use atmospheric and oceanographic data collected by the LTER in the analysis of my field data. Additionally, the LTER has provided invaluable opportunities for me to network and collaborate with professors and fellow graduate students from a number of universities. I have been able to broaden the scope of my research by interacting with taxonomists, physiologists and other specialists I’ve met both through the MCR LTER, as well as part of an ILTER exchange with the National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium in Taiwan (Kenting Coral Reef ILTER). The

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LTER has also provided numerous opportunities for the dissemination of my research, most notably the MCR LTER Annual Meeting and the LTER All-Scientists Meeting. Conferences Attended: Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology Graduate Student Symposium, Santa Barbara, CA, 2007 Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, Seattle, WA, 2006 MCR LTER Annual Meeting, Santa Barbara, CA, 2006 Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology Graduate Student Symposium, Santa Barbara, CA, 2006 Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, Monterrey, CA, 2005 MCR LTER Annual Meeting, Santa Barbara, CA, 2005 Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology Graduate Student Symposium, Santa Barbara, CA, 2005 Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, Long Beach, CA, 2004 Presentations: Invited talk, Comparison of tube-dwelling symbiotic amphipods of Moorea and Taiwan. NMMBA

Coral Lab Meeting, 2007 Invited talk, Effects of mutualistic tube-dwelling amphipods on corals. National Museum of Marine

Biology and Aquarium, Taiwan, 2007 Submitted talk, Mutualistic tube-dwelling amphipods protect coral from predators. Western Society of

Naturalists Annual Meeting, 2006 Invited talk, Mutualistic tube-dwelling amphipods enhance growth in corals. MCR LTER Annual

Meeting, 2006 Poster presentation, Coral mutualist induced morphological defense from echinoid predators. LTER All

Scientists Meeting, 2006 Submitted talk, Symbionts reduce coral susceptibility to predation. University of California, Santa

Barbara Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology Graduate Student Symposium, 2006 Invited talk, Ecological significance of tube-dwelling amphipods. MCR LTER Annual Meeting, 2005

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KATE BUENAU Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology

University of California Santa Barbara, CA, 93106

Email: [email protected] Status: Ph.D. student, 4th year Program: Ecology Current Advisor: Roger Nisbet Previous Education: B.S. Biology, Arizona State University 2003 Areas of Research: Population Dynamics, Disturbance Patterns, Physical and Ecological Modeling Title of Graduate Research Project: POSITIVE INTERACTIONS AND SPACE COMPETITION: MODELING REEF DYNAMICS FROM A LANDSCAPE PERSPECTIVE Project Description: My project involves modeling interactions between benthic species competing for space on heterogeneous landscapes: particularly, the settlement and growth of coral as it interacts with crustose coralline algae. As high quality habitat for juvenile corals is distributed unevenly at multiple scales on a reef, spatial modeling is important for determining the effects of habitat selection and interactions with other benthic species. Crustose coralline algae are patchily distributed and interact with coral along a spectrum from facilitation to inhibition, depending on the species. These interactions may be critical for determining the population dynamics and distributions of coral following disturbance. I am developing spatially explicit models that incorporate heterogeneous habitat quality on a reef, settlement cues and habitat selection by coral larvae, and the facilitation and/or inhibition of coral growth and survival by crustose coralline algae. The models utilize data and observations made in the field and lab by Nichole Price and other MCR researchers. Earlier modeling work on space competition on heterogeneous landscapes also includes applications to benthic communities found in the Santa Barbara Coastal LTER site as well as at the coral reefs of the MCR site. MCR LTER Participation: MCR has provided funding for my research and collaborations through a mini-grant. The LTER has also facilitated collaborations with other researchers, including planned co-authorships for the papers produced as part of PhD research, interactions with researchers from other campuses, and access to data from field studies to be used in modeling. I also received support for attending the LTER ASM in 2006 where I presented a poster, which along with the MCR annual meeting provided many opportunities for sharing research results and ideas. Conferences Attended: LTER All Scientists Meeting, Estes Park, CO, 2006 Presentations: Poster presentation, Space competition and regime shifts on structured landscapes. LTER All Scientists

Meeting, 2006

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Poster presentation, Space competition and regime shifts on structured landscapes. MCR LTER Annual Meting, 2006

Publications: Buenau, K.E., A. Rassweiler and R.M. Nisbet. 2007. The effects of landscape structure on space

competition and alternative stable states. Ecology, In press.

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KATE HANSON Biological Oceanography

Scripps Institution of Oceanography La Jolla, CA 92093

Email: [email protected] Status: Ph.D. student, 3rd year Program: Biological Oceanography Current Advisor: James Leichter Previous Education: B.S. Biology, University of California, Los Angeles 2002 Areas of Research: Population Dynamics, Food Web and Nutrient Dynamics, Physical-biological Coupling Title of Graduate Research Project: ZOOPLANKTIVORY ON A CORAL REEF: INSIGHTS FOR THE ECONOMY OF AN ECOSYSTEM AND THE ECOLOGY OF A CORAL REEF Project Description: My thesis research involves examination of island-scale spatial variability in the trophic ecology of a site-attached, zooplanktivorous coral reef fish. I am complementing traditional gut content analysis with stable isotope (C,N,S) and fatty acid analyses to elucidate dietary patterns of damselfish collected from fringing, lagoon, and fore reef zones around the island (sampling stations include the six LTER monitoring sites). Measurements of zooplankton flux across reef sites are made utilizing zooplankton collections coupled with ADCP measurements. The resulting island-scale patterns of food intake/food availability will be combined with growth, survivorship and physiological condition data to examine the implications of spatial variation in trophic interactions for the ecology of a zooplanktivorous damselfish. MCR LTER Participation: I have benefited tremendously from my participation in the MCR LTER. Logistically, my field research was made possible by MCR infrastructure (boats, offshore moorings, laboratory space and equipment such as microscopes, balances, drying ovens, etc.). I will also benefit from use of the long-term oceanographic data collected by the LTER. LTER-affiliated researchers and staff (specifically Mike Murray, Keith Seydel, Andy Brooks, Alice Alldredge, Pete Edmunds, and Bob Carpenter) have provided significant input and guidance. This group has given me a wonderful introduction to Moorea both in terms of the logistics of working on the island and in terms of an increased understanding of the ecological setting and history of related scientific research at Gump. I enjoy attending working group and annual site meetings and find that these meetings, in addition to time spent in the field together, provide a sense of community between researchers and students and are excellent opportunities to receive input and exchange ideas. Interactions with other MCR LTER graduate students have been particularly helpful, and have widened my understanding of Moorea's reefs beyond knowledge gained through my own research. Conferences Attended: ASLO Ocean Sciences, Honolulu, HI, 2006 LTER All Scientists Meeting, Estes Park, CO, 2006 Sustainable Development and Tropical Island Ecosystems, Moorea, 2006

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Presentations: Poster presentation, Spatial patterns in the mesozoplankton community of a French Polynesian reef.

ASLO, 2006 Invited talk, A diverse approach to marine biodiversity: One student’s perspective on IGERT graduate

training. ASLO, 2006 Publications: Leichter, J.J., A. Paytan, S. Wankel, K. Hanson and M.A. Altabet. 2007. Nitrogen and oxygen isotopic

signatures of subsurface nitrate seaward of the Florida Keys reef tract. Limnology and Oceanography 52(3):1258-1267.

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CORINNE KANE Reef Check Foundation

17575 Pacific Coast Highway Pacific Palisades, CA 90272 Email: [email protected]

Status: M.A. student, Graduated Program: Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology Advisor: Sally Holbrook and Russell Schmitt Previous Education: B.S. Aquatic Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara 2003 M.A. Marine Ecology, University of California, Santa Barbara 2006 Areas of Research: Community Ecology, Population Dynamics Title of Graduate Research Project: HABITAT PREFERENCE, SOCIAL BEHAVIOR AND PATTERNS OF ABUNDANCE IN THE CORAL REEF FISH PARACIRRHITES ARCATUS Project Description: The role of habitat preferences and social organization in determining spatial distributions has been a much debated topic in ecology. To determine whether and how individual behavior and social organization influence spatial distributions of arc-eye hawkfish (Paracirrhites arcatus) on both local and lagoon-wide scales, a series of reef surveys and field experiments were conducted. Reef surveys revealed P. arcatus display strong preferences for branching corals in the genus Pocillopora and more specifically for certain morphological attributes within the group of Pocillopora species. These habitat preferences explained ~62% of the variation in abundance of this species on a lagoon-wide scale. This derived relationship between the numbers of hawkfish and Pocillopora predicted 86% of the spatial variation in abundance of hawkfish at other locations during the subsequent year. Individual behavior and social organization were also found to have significant impacts on hawkfish distributions. A colonization experiment established preferences of hawkfish for different types of Pocillopora in the absence of established social structures; all colonizers resided on the highly favored corals. While this experiment revealed strong preference for certain Pocillopora corals, surveys illustrate the majority of hawkfish do not reside on these preferred corals. To address this, another experiment examined the impact of social organization on hawkfish distribution. When highly preferred corals were added to areas occupied by established harems, hawkfish significantly modified the amount of time spent as well as the number of aggressive acts and prey attacks made from these corals. These results illustrate the critical need to investigate more thoroughly the impacts of individual behavior and social organization on spatial distributions. MCR LTER Participation: I have participated in the MCR LTER on two different levels: one as a graduate student and one as a technician. I have been fully supported by the MCR LTER as a graduate student. The funding from this grant has provided full use of SCUBA equipment, housing, laboratory fees, boat usage and a part time assistant for summer field work and provided the majority of the funding for my master’s project. As a result of this funding, I have been able to devise and implement a solid thesis and graduate ahead of schedule. As a technician, I worked directly with several PIs as well as other technicians on the implementation and monitoring of fish survey sites at all 6 island locations. This position has granted

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me unparalleled experience in the field and afforded me the opportunity to collaborate and work directly with many faculty members. This experience has greatly improved both employment and communication skills for future positions.

Conferences Attended: Clean Oceans Conference, Kauai, HI, 2007 ITMEMS 3, Cozumel, Mexico, 2006 Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, Monterrey, CA, 2005 Presentations: Invited talk, Coral Reef Impacts of the 2005 Caribbean Bleaching Event. ITMEMS 3, 2006 Invited talk, Tsunami and Earthquake Impacts to coral reefs of Aceh, Indonesia. Clean Oceans Conference, 2007

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JENNIFER LAPE Island Conservation Center for Ocean Health

University of California Santa Cruz, California 95060


Status: M.A. student, Graduated Program: Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology Advisor: Russell Schmitt Previous Education: B.S. Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz 2001 M.A. Ecology, University of California, Santa Barbara 2005 Areas of Research: Population Dynamics

Title of Graduate Research Project: FACTORS INFLUENCING THE QUALITY OF A REFUGE FOR CORAL REEF FISH: EFFECTS OF MICROHABITAT SETTING, SIZE AND INHABITANTS Project Description: Species commonly associate with habitat structures that afford protection from predators. The quality of such refuges may be influenced by a variety of factors, including size and setting in the local habitat as well as the set of interactions that occur within the structures themselves. We explored whether these factors influenced the efficacy of a structural refuge for tropical reef fish. Pocillopora eydouxi, a common branching coral, harbors a suite of fish and invertebrate species in Moorea, French Polynesia. Survey data indicated that corals harboring the red-spotted coral crab (Trapezia rufopunctata) and/or predatory hawkfish (Cirrhitidae) had half the density of resident fish than corals lacking those two groups. A field experiment tested whether red-spotted coral crabs affected the mortality of young yellowtail dascyllus (Dascyllus flavicaudus) and assessed whether the influence of coral crabs depended on the presence of older conspecific fish. The experiment revealed that both coral crabs and older conspecifics increased mortality, but that their joint effects on mortality were additive. In addition, both slight variation in size of the shelter coral and its distance (within 6m) from the nearest natural patch reef (a local source of predators) affected mortality of young dascyllus. These findings (1) demonstrate that interactions among taxonomically disparate species can play a substantial role in shaping patterns of abundance and (2) highlight the fact that the quality of a shelter microhabitat can be influenced substantially by very fine-scale variation in its size and setting as well as by the combination of organisms that occupy it. MCR LTER Participation: I received MCR LTER funding to cover travel and expenses for trips to Moorea, and used LTER equipment and boats while conducting fish time-series surveys. My graduate research also benefited from interactions with network associated scientists and other students. Conferences Attended: University of California Toxics Substances Research and Training Annual Symposium, Sacramento,

California, 2005 Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, Rohnert Park, California, 2004 University of California Toxics Substances Research and Training Annual Symposium, San Diego, 2004

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Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, Monterey, California, 2003 University of California Toxics Substances Research and Training Annual Symposium, Oakland,

California, 2003 Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, Monterey, California, 2002 Monterey Bay Sanctuary Currents Symposium, Marina, California, 2002 Presentations: Poster presentation, The influence of conspecifics and coral crabs (Trapezia rufopunctata) on the post-

settlement mortality of a reef fish (Dascyllus flavicaudus). The Annual Symposium of the Western Society of Naturalists, 2004

Poster presentation, Environmental effects of a toxicant in the intertidal: Implications for gregarious settlers. University of California Toxics Substances Research and Training Annual Symposium, 2004

Publications: Bernardi, G. and J. Lape. 2005. Tempo and mode of speciation in the Baja California disjunct fish

species Anisotremus davidsonii. Molecular Ecology 14:4085-4096.

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MAIREAD E. MAHEIGAN Department of Biology

California State University Northridge, CA 91330


Your current status: M.S. student, 4th year Degree Program: Biology Current Advisor: Peter Edmunds Previous Education: B.S. Natural Resource Studies, University of Massachusetts Amherst 2002 Areas of Research: Population Dynamics, Disturbance Patterns, Physical-biological Coupling, Conservation and Management Title of Graduate Research Project: SPATIAL SCALE OF MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION OF POCILLOPORA VERRUCOSA AND PORITES PORITES Project Description: Phenotypic plasticity in scleractinian corals has been widely studied; however the degree to which it exhibits spatial scale dependence has not been explored. The primary objective of my thesis was to determine if coral morphology varies among traits and across spatial scales. To test for spatial scales of morphological variation, skeletal traits of two corals, Pocillopora verrucosa in French Polynesia and Porites porites in the Virgin Islands, were quantified across spatial scales. Nine skeletal traits were quantified in 160 colonies of P. verrucosa across two shores, and principal components analysis (PCA) was used to collapse the data into fewer variables. Our findings show that corallum dimensions exhibited significant variation at a spatial scale of 100s of meters, and verrucae and corallite morphology varied significantly at a scale of 10s of meters. To test for spatial scale associations of morphological variation in P. porites, colonies were sampled along ~10 km of the southern coast of St. John. Corallum traits were quantified in 140 colonies, and traits were found to differ between sites. These studies provide evidence that the magnitude and range of morphological variation is not consistent among skeletal traits and spatial scales for P. verrucosa or P. porites. Following the quantification of morphological traits, verrucae of P. verrucosa were subjected to controlled flow speeds in a flume to explore the functional significance of this trait. Shear velocities around and above verrucae were experimentally estimated at two flow speeds, to test if verrucae influence rates of mass transfer at the coral surface. Our results suggest that verrucae do not influence shear velocities, and thus are unlikely to affect mass transfer on the scale of our experiment. These findings were consistent with previous studies that indicate that small skeletal features are less important than larger skeletal attributes in determining shear velocities above corals. MCR LTER Participation: During the past 3 years that I have been a graduate student in Dr. Edmund’s lab, I have had many opportunities through the support of the LTER and have gained experience in the design, logistics, implementation, analysis and dissipation of marine research. I have seen the fieldwork start from the ground up; our first days in Moorea were spent mixing cement to pour blocks for the LTER site moorings. For the past 3 years I have assisted with annual data collection and received RA support to analyze the photoquadrats back in the lab to determine coral community composition. I have also had

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support, through the LTER, to complete research towards my MS thesis. Additionally, my work was improved through the opportunity to use a flume, which was brought to Moorea to support the work of Dr. Carpenter, a PI on the MCR LTER. Travel costs, housing, and lab fees were covered by the LTER during Dr. Edmund’s research trips, during which I was given time to complete my own research and supported to use facilities and equipment at GUMP. LTER personnel, Keith Seydel, Mike Murray and Andy Brooks were always helpful either to make things work in the field or answering questions to help the science run smoothly. I have also been supported to attend several scientific meetings and present my research from Moorea, and to interact with numerous scientists from the LTER network both at meetings and in the field. Conferences Attended: Benthic Ecology Conference, Atlanta, GA, 2007 LTER All Scientists Meeting, Estes Park, CO, 2006 Benthic Ecology Conference, Quebec, Canada, 2006 Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, Monterey, CA, 2005 Presentations: Invited talk, Spatial scale of morphological variation in skeletal traits of a coral in French Polynesia.

Benthic Ecology Meeting, 2007 Invited talk, Spatial scale dependence of morphology of Pocillopora verrucosa in Moorea, French

Polynesia. LTER All Scientists Meeting, 2006 Invited talk, Spatial scale dependence of morphological variation in skeletal traits of a coral in French

Polynesia. Benthic Ecology Conference, 2006 Invited talk, Variation in morphological traits of the common Pacific reef coral Pocillopora verrucosa at

different spatial scales. Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, 2005 Invited talk, Variation in morphological traits of the common Pacific reef coral Pocillopora verrucosa at

different spatial scales. California State University, Northridge Research Symposium, 2005

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NANCY MUEHLLEHNER Biology Department

California State University Northridge, CA, 91330

Email: [email protected] Status: M.S. student, 2nd year Program: Biology Current Advisor: Peter Edmunds Previous Education: B.S. Education, University of Delaware 1996 M.A. Secondary Science Education, University of California, Berkeley 2000 Areas of Research: Physical-biological Coupling, Coral Ecophysiology Title of Graduate Research Project: THE EFFECTS OF INCREASING CARBON DIOXIDE ON THE CALCIFICATION RATE, LINEAR EXTENSION RATE AND MORPHOLOGY OF REEF CORALS Project Description: Global climate change poses serious threats to the tropical reef ecosystem. As carbon dioxide levels rise in both the atmosphere and the ocean, it becomes energetically more challenging for scleractinian corals to deposit calcium carbonate, the basis for the reef ecosystem. The morphological effects of changes in mass deposition are not easily predicted as the mass deposition of aragonite and colony morphology are coupled only loosely. This study used manipulative experiments to examine the effects of pCO2 on mass deposition (mg day-1) and linear extension (µm day-1) of Acropora hyacinthus to test the hypothesis that there is a trade-off between these traits in their response to pCO2. The results show that both are affected, with linear extension more so than mass deposition. The decoupling in the response of these two growth parameters to increasing CO2 could impact the predictions of coral reef decline due to climate change. MCR LTER Participation: As a master’s student of Dr. Peter Edmunds, I have benefited greatly from his involvement in the MCR LTER. I have accompanied Dr. Edmunds into the field for two 6 week field seasons, which have allowed me to participate in a variety of data collection methods as well as the opportunity to complete my own thesis research. The facilities, lab equipment and technicians working with the MCR LTER enabled the creation of an experimental design with the level of sophistication necessary to create microcosms for studying coral growth rates under various climate change simulations. Additionally, my participation in the greater MCR LTER community has exposed me to a multitude of intelligent, cutting-edge researchers who have provided valuable advice along with sharing oceanographic data, such as the current carbonate parameters occurring in Moorea. Conferences Attended: Benthic Ecology Conference, Atlanta, GA, 2007 Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, Seattle, WA, 2006

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Presentations: Invited talk, The effects of increasing carbon dioxide on coral skeletal growth: Tall and porous or short

and dense? Emeritus Luncheon, 2007 Invited talk, The effect of increased carbon dioxide on the calcification rate, linear extension and

morphology of reef corals. Student Research Symposium, 2006 Invited talk, The effect of increased carbon dioxide on the calcification rate, linear extension and

morphology of reef corals. All-Investigator Meeting, 2006

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JACQUELINE L. PADILLA-GAMIÑO Department of Oceanography

University of Hawaii Honolulu, HI 96822


Status: Ph.D. student, 2nd year Program: Oceanography Current Advisor: Ruth Gates Previous Education: B.S. Oceanography, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexico 2001 M.S. Biology, California State University, Northridge 2005 Areas of Research: Population Dynamics, Physical-biological Coupling Title of Graduate Research Project: FIELD STUDIES IN CORAL REPRODUCTION AND SEDIMENTATION EFFECTS ON CORAL BIOLOGY Project Description: Sedimentation, as a result of both natural processes and human activities, can be one of the main drivers of reef degradation. The accumulation of sediment on coral tissue is known to reduce metabolic and tissue growth rates of coral, increasing the probability of bleaching and coral death. My research seeks to understand how coral physiology and reproduction are affected by sedimentation in Moorea, French Polynesia. Information from this study will be directly disseminated to resource managers and used to focus conservation efforts to protect coral populations against sedimentation. In addition, reproductive fitness may be a sensitive indicator of stress in corals and thus a useful tool for monitoring coral reefs with utility in designing future ecological risk assessments in coral reef ecosystems. MCR LTER Participation: The MCR LTER has offered me a unique opportunity for my research and professional development. Having the chance to work in Moorea (with MCR LTER support) has provided me with the tools necessary to perform high-quality research in coral ecophysiology. Specifically, access to lab space, boats, SCUBA, field and lab equipment (and supplies) has been essential to my research. Additionally, the support of LTER technicians has significantly contributed to my research experience in Moorea. LTER techs have been very useful in activities such as boat training, general troubleshooting with lab/field equipment and field support. Furthermore, participating as a LTER graduate student has allowed me to interact with LTER and non-LTER students and scientists, this has been an incredible experience because I have been able to collaborate with other students and learn from their study systems and research questions. Conferences Attended: STAR Student Symposium, Honolulu, HI 2006 Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, Long Beach, CA, 2004 Friday Harbor Labs Centenary Symposium, Friday Harbor, Washington, 2004 Ecological Society of America Meeting, Portland, Oregon, 2004 Benthic Ecology Conference, Orlando, FL, 2002

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International Workshop of Tourism in the Caribbean, Quintana Roo, Mexico, 2001 Student Congress of Oceanography, Ensenada, Mexico, 2000 Publications: Padilla-Gamiño, J.L. and R. Carpenter. 2007. Seasonal acclimatization of Asparagopsis taxiformis

from different biogeographic regions. Limnology and Oceanography 52(2):833-842. Padilla-Gamiño J.L. and R. Carpenter. 2007. Thermal ecophysiology of Laurencia pacifica and

Laurencia nidifica (Ceramiales) from tropical and warm-temperate regions. Journal of Phycology, In press.

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ABIGAIL PORAY Department of Biology

California State University Northridge, CA, 91330

Email: [email protected] Status: M.S. student, 1st year Program: Marine Biology Current Advisor: Robert C. Carpenter Previous Education: B.S. Wildlife and Fisheries Conservation, University of Massachusetts 2004 Areas of Research: Primary Productivity, Population Dynamics, Physical-biological Coupling Title of Graduate Research Project: DISTRIBUTION AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF MACROALGAE INHABITING REFUGIA FROM HERBIVORES Project Description: Spatial heterogeneity within habitats can provide refugia for prey by limiting their accessibility to predators. Because coral reefs in Moorea, French Polynesia have high levels of herbivory, many macroalgal species are limited in their distribution to available microhabitats, such as crevices in coral bommies and areas between closely-spaced branching corals. However, the physical characteristics in these microenvironments, such as water flow and light flux, may have physiological consequences for these macroalgae. The focus of this study is to isolate the underlying mechanisms that lead to the utilization of these microhabitats and the physiological consequences that result. Primarily, I will address the role of herbivory, environmental stresses and resource availability in affecting the productivity and competitive abilities of macroalgae as important space occupiers. At present, preliminary survey data have identified the general distribution of macroalgae present within an array of microhabitats. Further measurements will quantify the physical characteristics of the various microhabitats as well as the quantification of photosynthetic performance and competitive potential of macroalgae confined to these environments. Developing such a framework of factors that influence the dynamic structure of macroalgae in Moorea will be important in understanding and predicting ecological shifts in the coral reef community. MCR LTER Participation: As a graduate student affiliated with the MCR LTER project, I have been provided with a variety of assets and research tools. In particular, at the lab station in Moorea, an extensive list of equipment, supplies and facilities has been made available. Such items (many of which are beyond my budget) as a Diving PAM, electronic scales, ovens, transportation to field sites, shop tools, lab space, etc. are important in developing an achievable, high-quality project. In addition, and most importantly, the MCR LTER has provided a setting for building a network and gaining exposure to various colleagues and researchers in the field. Though my interactions with collaborators and exposure during meetings and conference opportunities, I hope to open up many doors that will continuously help to establish me professionally. Conferences Attended: Benthic Ecology Conference, Atlanta, GA, 2007

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NICHOLE N. PRICE Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology

University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93117

Email: [email protected] Status: Ph.D. student, 5th year Program: Marine Ecology Current Advisor: Russell Schmitt Previous Education: B.A. General Biology, Connecticut College 2000 M.A. Applied Statistics, University of California, Santa Barbara 2007 Areas of Research: Population Dynamics, Physical-biological Coupling, Physical and Ecological Modeling Title of Graduate Research Project: CONSEQUENCES OF CHEMICAL CUES: COMMUNITY STABILITY AND RESILIENCE Project Description: Settlement preferences of sessile invertebrates may be adaptations to local community interactions, particularly if selection of appropriate microhabitat influences early post-settlement survivorship. Corals are induced to settle by chemical cues in the cell walls of crustose coralline algae (CCA). The availability of cue-containing CCA may influence local recruitment rates of reef-building corals. My dissertation examines a/biotic factors influencing the abundance and distribution of CCA, which then may influence coral spat survivorship. Results of a field coral recruitment experiment indicate that Pocilloporid corals exhibit a hierarchical selection for substrate among seven CCA species. Electivity indices for coralline algal species with thin crusts (Titanoderma prototypum) are significantly greater than for species with thicker thalli (e.g., Porolithon onkodes). Pair-wise field competition experiments revealed that thick-crusted coralline species are superior space competitors when exposed to transient herbivores. CCA producing thin thalli are susceptible to grazing and are abraded more frequently in field caging experiments. Pocilloporid corals select to settle upon CCA species exhibiting particular morphological characteristics that may influence the survival and growth of spat. In fact, coral survivorship and growth positively correlate with thinness of crust and selectivity indices. Thus, CCA that are weaker competitors for space and cannot withstand biotic disturbances may indicate microhabitats that are most suitable for recruitment of reef-building corals. MCR LTER Participation: Although the MCR LTER was initiated two years after I started my dissertation research, I am able to participate in and greatly benefit from this program. I have attended and presented at both the MCR LTER annual meetings and received and contributed informative feedback to other LTER investigators and graduate students (from Cal State Northridge and UC San Diego) with whom I would not have otherwise been able to interact. Some of these discussions have led to collaborations in the field. In particular, I conducted experimental manipulations in the field with Hannah Stewart, who holds an MCR LTER post doctoral position, and we are currently preparing a paper for submission. I am also an active member in two of the MCR LTER working groups: Coral Functional Biology and Bio-Physical Coupling. Currently, I am fine-tuning a novel coral recruitment monitoring technique that may be applied in projects stemming from both groups. These collaborative interactions have led to lasting

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relationships with researchers from other institutions. Dr. Peter Edmunds (co-PI of the MCR LTER from CSUN) is now a member of my PhD committee at UCSB. Recently, we participated in a collaborative exchange with Dr. Tung-Yung Fan, an associate research fellow directing the Coral Lab at the Kenting Coral Reef ILTER site in Kenting, Taiwan. I am currently developing ideas to submit a proposal for future funding to revisit Dr. Fan in Taiwan and continue collaborative work between the two LTER sites. Besides providing opportunities to interact with other researchers, the MCR LTER has also provided the necessary infrastructure for the successful completion of my dissertation. In particular, I have extensively used facilities, microscopes, and boats provided by the LTER funding. The MCR LTER paid for both the air fills for SCUBA tanks and fuel for the boats that I’ve used in the past two years. With technical support from Keith Seydel, operation of the boat engines and compressor ran smoothly and uninterrupted (a rare feat in the field). Even small details are covered by funding from the MCR LTER: poster printing costs are alleviated using this source. The MCR LTER has provided solid infrastructure and unique opportunities for my research and professional development that will carry into the next stage of my academic career. Conferences Attended: MCR LTER Annual Meeting, Santa Barbara, CA, 2006 Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology Graduate Student Symposium, Santa Barbara, 2006 Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, Monterey, CA, 2005 MCR LTER Annual Meeting, Santa Barbara, CA, 2005 Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology Graduate Student Symposium, Santa Barbara, 2005 Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, Long Beach, CA, 2004 Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology Graduate Student Symposium, Santa Barbara, 2004 Presentations: Invited talk, Settlement rates and substrate preference for P. damicornis and S. pistillata. NMMBA

Coral Lab and MCR LTER Joint Meeting, Taiwan, 2007 Invited talk, Do coralline algae influence coral recruitment? NMMBA Coral Lab, 2007 Guest lecturer, Module: Fisheries Management: Kelp Bass Fisheries in Southern California. UC Santa

Barbara Applied Marine Ecology, 2007 Invited talk, Do Trapezia crabs influence early Pocillopora population dynamics? MCR LTER All

Scientists Symposium, 2007 Poster presentation, Do coralline algae influence coral recruitment? LTER All Scientists Meeting, 2006 Invited talk, Do competitive trade-offs among coralline algae influence post-settlement survivorship of

Pocilloporid spat? MCR LTER All Scientists Symposium, 2006 Invited talk, Do coralline algae influence coral recruitment? UC Santa Barbara Ecology, Evolution, and

Marine Biology Graduate Student Symposium, 2006 Guest lecturer, Module: Open Populations: Rockfish dynamics on the Northern Channel Islands. UC

Santa Barbara Applied Marine Ecology, 2006 Guest lecturer, Module: Open Populations: Rockfish dynamics on the Northern Channel Islands. UC

Santa Barbara Applied Marine Ecology, 2005 Guest lecturer, Module: Experimental Design. UC Santa Barbara Applied Marine Ecology, 2005 Invited talk, Substrate selection and post-settlement survivorship in Pocilloporid corals. UC Santa

Barbara Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology Graduate Student Symposium, 2005 Invited talk, Substrate selection and post-settlement survivorship in Pocilloporid corals may be pre-

determined by cue availability. Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, 2005 Guest lecturer, Global climate change and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events: environmental

and biological trends. UC Santa Barbara Applied Marine Ecology, 2004

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Publications: Mensinger, A.F., K.A. Stephenson, S.L. Pollema,.H.E. Richmond, N.N. Price and R.T. Hanlon. 2001.

Mariculture of the toadfish Opsanus tau. Biology Bulletin 201(2):282-283. Mensinger, A.F., N.N. Price, H. Richmond, J.W. Forsythe and R.T. Hanlon. 2003. Mariculture of the

oyster toadfish, Opsanus tau: Juvenile growth and survival. North American Journal of Aquaculture 65(4):289-299.

Price, N. N. and A. F. Mensinger. 1999. Predator-prey interactions of juvenile toadfish, Opsanus tau.

Biology Bulletin 197:246-247. Tang, K.Q., N.N. Price, M.D. O'Neill, A.F. Mensinger and R.T. Hanlon. 1999. Temperature effects on

first-year growth of cultured oyster toadfish, Opsanus tau. Biology Bulletin 197:247-248.

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HOLLIE PUTNAM Department of Biology


Email: [email protected] Status: M.S. student, 2nd year Program: Biology Current Advisor: Peter Edmunds Previous Education: B.S. Biology and Broad Field Science, University of Wisconsin-Superior 2004 Areas of Research: Physical-biological Coupling, Coral Eco-Physiology Title of Graduate Research Project: PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF CORAL TO ENVIRONMENTALLY RELEVANT FLUCTUATIONS IN THERMAL SURROUNDINGS Project Description: The seawater flowing over coral reefs undergoes changes in abiotic conditions on a scale of seconds to hours, but little is known regarding the biological effects of such variation. More specifically, variation in seawater temperature creates a heterogeneous environment with potentially important consequences for reef corals. The purpose of this study is to test the effects of such fluctuations on coral physiology, with the larger goal of understanding how corals transduce fine-scale abiotic signals into organismal performance. MCR LTER Participation: The MCR LTER has facilitated the majority of my work as a MS student. Through work as a research assistant for Dr. Peter Edmunds, I have been able to travel to Moorea and aid in the LTER site establishment, time-series data collection, and analysis. At the same time, I was able to complete experiments for my thesis research. This work was made possible by utilizing LTER equipment such as boats, SCUBA equipment, tools, and tank equipment (heaters, chillers, pumps, tanks, transformers, etc.) Response variables were measured using LTER lab equipment such as sonicator, centrifuge, microscopes, computers, and cameras. I also had lab and field support from Mike Murray and multiple grad students from CSUN who were also supported in the field with LTER funds. In addition, I have been able to interact with other LTER funded researchers (i.e., committee member Dr. James Leichter), and utilize the time-series data gathered on physical factors such as light and temperature. My interactions also extend to collaborative work with Dr. Tung-Yung Fan of the Kenting ILTER in Taiwan. Conferences Attended: Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, Seattle, WA, 2006 LTER All Scientists Meeting, Estes Park, CO, 2006 Presentations: Invited talk, Physiological response of scleractinian corals to a highly variable thermal environment.

National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium, Taiwan,2007

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Invited talk, Physiological response of scleractinian corals to a highly variable thermal environment. CSUN Research and Creative Works Symposium, 2006

Invited talk, Does frequent variation matter? Physiological response of scleractinian corals to a highly variable thermal environment. Western Society of Naturalists, 2006

Poster presentation, Physiological response of scleractinian corals to high frequency temperature fluctuations. LTER All Scientists Meeting, 2006

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MELISSA I. SPITLER Biology Department



Your current status: M.S. student, 1st year Degree Program: Biology Current Advisor: Robert Carpenter Previous Education: B.S. Biology, Northeastern University 2004 Minor Marine Biology, Northeastern University 2004 Areas of Research: Population Dynamics, Physical-biological Coupling Title of Graduate Research Project: VARIATION IN POPULATION DYNAMICS BETWEEN TWO TROPICAL FUCOIDS IN A PATCHY REEF ENVIRONMENT AND THEIR DIFFERENTIAL IMPACTS ON CORALS Project Description: Backreef habitats in Moorea, French Polynesia are dominated by two macroalgal species; Sargassum mangarevense and Turbinaria ornata. Herbivory and interspecific competition for space are two ecological processes driving the demography of these populations. This habitat is dominated by coral heads or ‘bommies’ on the tops of which the majority of macroalgae are found. This patchy environment creates metapopulations that provide spatial refuge from herbivory and may limit the dispersal of algal propagules from one bommie to another. In the past eighteen months, there has been a noticeable decline in abundance of S. mangarevense. This ‘decline’ may be a result of natural temporal fluctuations, increased herbivore pressure or efficient space holding of T. ornata. Changes in the dominant algal species within these reef communities may be based on the success of annual recruitment, the holding of space by perennial holdfasts and/or differential impacts of herbivory. A change in dominance of algal species may have adverse effects on community structure, differentially affecting coral recruitment and survival. Implications of species interactions are important for the monitoring of both coral abundance and reef diversity which are important to overall reef health and sustainability. MCR LTER Participation: I have been a part of the MCR LTER since 2005, when I began helping Dr. Carpenter set up the initial transect poles and sites around Moorea. At that point, I was between my undergraduate and graduate careers, looking to gain research experience in the field. I have been to Moorea three times since, continuing to assess herbivore abundances at each of the LTER MCR sites. I am now a first year graduate student with Dr. Carpenter and have been provided the opportunity to begin my own research in Moorea. This would not be possible were it not for the funds providing airfare, room and board for my past and future trips and access to lab and field supplies including boats, fuel and Rovers.

Conferences Attended: Benthic Ecology Conference, Atlanta, GA 2007

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Presentations: Poster presentation, Population dynamics between two tropical Fucoids and their differential effects on coral reef communities. Benthic Ecology Conference, 2007

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STEPHANIE TALMAGE Department of Biology


Email: [email protected] Status: M.S. student, Graduated Program: Biology Current Advisor: Robert C. Carpenter Previous Education: B.S. Earth Systems, Cornell University 2004 M.S. Biology, California State University, Northridge 2007 Areas of Research: Marine Ecology, Population Dynamics, Algal Biology, Algae-herbivore Interaction Title of Graduate Research Project: VARIATION IN ABUNDANCE AND CARBON ALLOCATION FOR SAGASSUM MANGAREVENSE ACROSS GRADIENTS IN HERBIVORY AND HYDRODYNAMIC EXPOSURE IN MOOREA, FRENCH POLYNESIA Project Description: Optimal resource allocation across gradients in environmental conditions can determine the distribution of aquatic organisms. This study addressed how water motion and herbivory can alter the distribution and responses of a tropical macroalgae species. Maximum water flow was estimated in three reef habitats (reef crest, back reef, and fringing reef) using dynamometers. Sargassum mangarevense abundance, growth rates, herbivore abundances, and grazing intensity were estimated across habitats. Both the abundance and growth rates of Sargassum were highest on the reef crest where herbivore abundance and grazing intensity were reduced. Holdfast tenacity and stipe strength were greatest in the back reef. An echinoid feeding assay suggested that algal thalli from the reef crest were the most preferred despite high phlorotannin levels in reef crest and back reef thalli. Fertility was highest on the fringing reef, and then switched to the reef crest suggesting a seasonality effect. The amount of carbon allocated to stipe and holdfast structures was highest in back reef habitats, while allocation to receptacles was highest in the fringing reef habitats. These results suggest that this seaweed allocates resources differentially across gradients in herbivory and hydrodynamic exposure, and that trade-offs between life functions are habitat-specific. MCR LTER Participation: The MCR LTER has been influential during my time at California State University Northridge, and since. During my time working on my master’s research in Moorea, I was supported through the MCR LTER on numerous occasions. None of my research would have been possible without the facilities at Gump research station (lab space and housing). The technical support team of both Michael Murray and Keith Seydel aided my research experiences during many of my stints in the field. The MCR LTER network has funded all of my travel expenses to Moorea for my research and for the research trips where I helped other principle investigators in their research goals. Through LTER support, I was also able to attend the LTER all scientists meeting where I engaged with other LTER students from across the country. I will soon be in the process of coauthoring two manuscripts on research conducted during my time at CSUN, and I am now beginning a PhD program at SUNY Stony Brook. The MCR LTER

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network was completely supportive during my time affiliated with them and throughout my career advances. Conferences Attended: Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, Seattle, WA, 2006 LTER All Scientists Meeting, Estes Park, CO, 2006 Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, Monterey, CA, 2005 Benthic Ecology Meeting, Williamsburg, VA, 2005 Presentations: Invited talk, Variation in Abundance and Carbon Allocation for Sargassum mangarevense across

Gradients in Herbivory and Hydrodynamic Exposure in Moorea, French Polynesia. Western Society of Naturalists Meeting, 2006

Poster presentation, Variation in abundance and carbon allocation for Sargassum mangarevense across gradients in herbivory and hydrodynamic exposure in Moorea, French Polynesia. LTER All Scientists Meeting, 2006

Invited talk, Patterns of abundance of Sargassum mangarevense across hydrodynamic and herbivory gradients in Moorea, French Polynesia. Western Society of Naturalists Meeting, 2005

Poster presentation, Effects of productivity potential, hydrodynamic stress, and herbivory on resource allocation by subtidal macroalgae. Marine Benthic Ecology Meeting, 2005

Publications: Douglas, N.L., K.M. Mullen, S.C. Talmage and C.D. Harvell. 2006. Exploring the role of chitinolytic

enzymes in Sea Fan Coral (Gorgonia ventalina) immunity. Marine Biology, online. Schumacher, R.W., S.C. Talmage, S.A. Miller, K.E. Sarris, B.S. Davidson and A.Goldberg. 2003.

Isolation and structure determination of an antimicrobial ester from a marine sediment-derived bacterium. Journal of Natural Products 66(9):1291-3.

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ANNIE YAU Bren School of Environmental Science and Management

University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106

Email: [email protected] Status: Ph.D. student, 2nd year Program: Environmental Science and Management Current Advisor: Hunter Lenihan Previous Education: B.S. Marine Biology, University of California, Los Angeles 2004 Areas of Research: Population Dynamics, Disturbance Patterns, Physical-biological Coupling, Physical and Ecological Modeling Title of Graduate Research Project: POPULATION DYNAMICS OF GIANT CLAM (TRIDACNA MAXIMA) AND THE EFFECTS OF AN ARTISANAL FISHERY Project Description: Giant clams are brightly colored bivalves that burrow into coral reefs throughout tropical waters worldwide. Like corals, these unique bivalves form a symbiosis with zooxanthellae, and thus are mixotrophs with two potential carbon sources: filter feeding and photosynthate from symbionts. But unlike corals, giant clams do not die when they bleach, presumably because they can switch to their second carbon source. Thus giant clams may switch their reliance on a carbon source based on different environmental conditions. An individual-based population model for the species of giant clam (Tridacna maxima) in the lagoons of Moorea, French Polynesia will be built using data gathered from the field, experimental manipulations, and aquaculture literature. The model will be used to determine sensitivity of population growth to different biotic and abiotic parameters, each of which differentially affects the two carbon inputs. Current artisanal fishing pressure in Moorea will also be characterized and incorporated into the model, informing management of this culturally and economically significant species. This model and the data gathered to build the model will yield insight into giant clam biology, symbiosis, and population dynamics. MCR LTER Participation: The MCR LTER has provided excellent facilities for my thesis work, including a fully equipped field station with a wet lab, dry lab, boats and vehicles, and miscellaneous tools and equipment such as shop tools and boat safety equipment. The technicians provided by the LTER also help to ensure that field seasons run smoothly, and they take care of equipment maintenance and repair so that research can continue. The MCR LTER also provided a forum to present my preliminary findings (the MCR LTER Annual Meeting), and financially supports poster printing costs. I have also interacted with other MCR LTER investigators, some of which are on my committee, and received valuable input on my research. I plan to utilize some shared LTER oceanographic data in my research. Conferences Attended: California Association of Bilingual Educators Annual Conference, Long Beach, CA, 2007 MCR LTER Annual Meeting, Santa Barbara, CA, 2006 California and the World Ocean Annual Conference, Long Beach, CA, 2006

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Western Society of Naturalists Annual Meeting, Monterey, CA, 2005 Presentations: Poster presentation, Agua Pura Pescadores: Exploring Salmon and Steelhead in California Communities.

California Association of Bilingual Educators Annual Conference, 2007 Poster presentation, Abundance and distribution of giant clam (Tridacna maxima) populations in

Moorea, French Polynesia. MCR LTER Annual Meeting, 2006 Poster presentation, Natural history of a cloud forest crab. Annual Monteverde Institute International

Symposium, 2003 Publications: Comnes, L., K. Stokely , A. Marzolla and A. Yau. 2007. Agua Pura: Exploring Salmon and Steelhead

in California Communities: A Multi-Disciplinary Instructional Unit for Non-Formal Educational Settings and 6th Grade Classrooms. University of California, In press.

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Appendix VII. List of MCR Field and Laboratory Equipment Major instruments and equipment of the MCR LTER Site purchased with funding from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, except for items with an asterisk, which were purchased with NSF funds.

RESEARCH BOATS & VEHICLES

Quantity Item Model 1 SafeBoat 23' Boat 1 Trailer EZ loader 23' 2 BRP Engine E-Tec 225Hp 2 Stabi-Craft 5.2m Aluminum Boat 4 Stabi-Craft 4.3m Aluminum Boat 6 Trailer 5m 3 BRP Engine E-Tec 40HP 2 BRP Engine E-Tec 30HP 1 Truck Land Rover Defender 130

OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTRUMENTATION

Quantity Item Model 1 Profiling CTD Sea-Bird 19+ 1 DO Sensor Sea-Bird 43 3 Water Sample Bottles Ocean Test 110-1.71

75 Thermister Sea-Bird 39 4 Wave Tide Gauge Sea-Bird 26+ 9 CTD Sea-Bird 37 1 CTD Sea-Bird 16+ 4 ADCP RDI Workhorse 2 Underwater Fluorometer Wet Labs FLNTUSB 5 ADP NortekUSA 2MHz 1 ADV NortekUSA Vectrino 1 ADV NortekUSA Vector 6MHz 4 DO Sensor Troll 9500 Pro 4 Light Meters Licor

4 Underwater housings for light meters Custom

1 Diving PAM Waltz 3 Underwater Camera Nikon Digital D70 8 Underwater Strobe Ikelite DS50

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MCR Field and Laboratory Equipment (continued)

LABORATORY INSTRUMENTATION & EQUIPMENT

Quantity Item Model 1 Refrigerator GE 1 Freezer GE 1 Centrifuge BioExpress Spectrifuge 24D 4 Aquaria Chillers Delta Star 1/3 HP 2 * Vacuum Pump 0211 Series 1 Centrifuge Acuspin 3R & Rotor 1 * PH Meter YSI 63 1 Muffle Furnace Fisher 1 Generator 5000Watt 1 1/2 HP pump Grainger 1 Ocean Optics Portable Spec 1 * Brick Saw MK-2001 3 Stereo Scope Wesco WS8 4 Stereo Scope Wesco WS7 1 Compound Scope Olympus Fluorescent 1 Compound Scope Leica DME 7 Fiber Optic Light Source Schott A20510 1 Gas Chromatograph Shimadzu 1 * Scintillation Counter Beckman 1 * Fluorometer Turner 1 DO/RO water system Barnstead 1 DNA Chassis, Gel Doc system Bio-Rad 1 Spectrophotometer Shimadzu 1 Liquid Nitrogen Cylinder Fisher 1 Benchtop Autoclave Fisher 1 Incubator Oven Fisher 2 Portable Balance Ohaus 3 Laboratory Balance Mettler Toledo 2 Weather Stations Campbell 1 Sonic Dismembrator Fisher 2 Lab Oven Fisher 2 * Desktop Computers Gateway 2 * Laptop Computers Gateway

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