THEVENIN’S THEOREM

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Presentation TOPIC THEVENIN,S THEOREM PRESENTED TO Sir Mudassir Hussain PRESENTED BY Usman Mukhtar Roll no: 309-24109

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Transcript of THEVENIN’S THEOREM

Page 1: THEVENIN’S THEOREM

Presentation

TOPICTHEVENIN,S THEOREM

PRESENTED TO

Sir Mudassir Hussain

PRESENTED BY Usman Mukhtar

Roll no: 309-24109

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THEVENIN’S THEOREM

Definition:Thevenin's Theorem states that it is possible to simplify any Thevenin's Theorem states that it is possible to simplify any linear circuit, no matter how complex, to an equivalent circuit linear circuit, no matter how complex, to an equivalent circuit

with just a single voltage source and series resistance with just a single voltage source and series resistance connected to a load.connected to a load.

A series combination of Thevenin equivalent voltage source A series combination of Thevenin equivalent voltage source VV00 and Thevenin equivalent resistance R and Thevenin equivalent resistance Rs s

Thevenin’s theorem permits the reduction of a two-terminal dc network with any number of resistors and sources (Complex Circuit) to one Equivalent circuit having only one source and one internal resistance in a series configuration shown below

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Thevenin’s Theorem

Thevenin and Norton equivalent circuits are techniques use to simplify circuits. Figure shows the Thevenin equivalent circuit which represents any circuit from multiple sources (dependent and independent) and resistors.

RTh

VTh

a

b

Rangkaianberintangan yangmengandungipunca-puncabergantung dan takbergantung

a

b

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Original and Thevenin Equivalent Circuit

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Measuring & Calculating Vth by MultiSim:

Circuit above shows how to measure the Thevenin Voltage (Vth). That is measured 4V.

The Circuit below shows how to measure Thevinin’s Resistance (Rth):

Conclusion: To measure Vth, remove the load resistance (unknown), then measure the voltage across open circuit terminal

(Vo.c. = Vth). The Circuit below, shows how to measure and

calculate the Thevinin Resistance (Rth)

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Measured and Calculated Rth

To measure Rth, with load resistance removed, also remove and replace source voltage by a short (jumper wire), then measure and calculate the Thevenin resistance across the Open

circuit terminals:

Rth is measured 6 Ohms.

Considering the jumper wire, 6 and 3 Ohms resistors are in parallel, and result is in series

with 4 Ohm resistor. Rth (Cal.)= [(6 x 3)/(6+3) + 4] =2 +4 = 6 Ohms

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Original & Thevenin Equivalent Circuit:

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Using Ohm’s Law to Calculate Unknown Current

As you can see from this simple Tutorial

example, the load current for original and the Thevenin Equivalent Circuit are Identical.

This verifies our solution and demonstrate how to measure and calculate the unknown element current by using Ohm’s Law for Thevnin Equivalent Circuit:

IL = (Vth)/(Rth + RL) = (4V) / (6+6) IL = 4/12 = 0.333A => Calculated! Compare this with measured, they are exactly

equal! Now you can apply this to other Problems.

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ExampleRefer to the Figure 4.6, find the Thevenin equivalent circuit.

SolutionIn order to find the Thevenin equivalent circuit for the circuit shown in

Figure 4.6, calculate the open circuit voltage, vab. Note that when the a, b terminals are open, there is no current flow to 4Ω resistor. Therefore, the voltage vab is the same as the voltage across the 3A current source, labeled v1.

To find the voltage v1, solve the equations for the singular node voltage. By choosing the bottom right node as the reference node,

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04

v3

20

v

5

25v 222

Current isc can be found if v2 is known. By using the bottomright node as the reference node, the equationfor v2 becomes

By solving the above equation, v2 = 16 V. Therefore, the short circuitcurrent isc is

The Thevenin resistance RTh is

Figure 4.8 shows the Thevenin equivalent circuit for the Figure 4.6.

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Figure 4.8

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