The Solar System

Content

• After this studying, the student should be able;– To identify the 9 planet in our Solar System.– Knowing what is consist in our Solar System.

1) Introduction2) The Solar System3) Asteroid Belt4) Comet5) 9 Planet In Solar Systema) Mercuryb) Venusc) Earthd) Marse) Jupiterf) Saturng) Uranush) Neptunei) Pluto

Introduction• The Solar System consists of the Sun and the astronomical objects bound to it by gravity.• Formed from the collapse of a giant molecular cloud approximately 4.6 billion years ago.• The four smaller inner planets, Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars, also called the terrestrial planets, are primarily composed of rock and metal.• The two largest, Jupiter and Saturn, are composed mainly of hydrogen and helium.

The Solar System

Asteroid belt

The main asteroid belt occupies the orbit between Mars and Jupiter, between 2.3 and 3.3 AU from the Sun. Asteroids with diameters between 10 and 10−4 m are called meteoroids.

Comet

Comets are small Solar System bodies, typically only a few kilometres across, composed largely of volatile ices. Short-period comets have orbits lasting less than two hundred years. Short-period comets are believed to originate in the Kiuper belt. Long-period comets have orbits lasting thousands of years.

Image of the main Asteroid belt and the Trojan asteroids

Image of the main Asteroid belt and the Trojan asteroids

9 Planets in Solar System

1. Mercury2. Venus3. Earth4. Mars5. Jupiter6. Saturn7. Uranus8. Neptune9. Pluto

Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun, innermost and smallest (0.055 Earth masses) planet in the Solar System, orbiting the Sun once every 87.969 Earth days. Mercury is similar in appearance to the Moon: it is heavily cratered with regions of smooth plains, has no natural satellites and no substantial atmosphere. However, unlike the Moon, it has a large iron core, which generates a magnetic field about 1% as strong as that of the Earth.

Mercury

Mercury

Venus

Cont’d

Venus is the second planet from the Sun, orbiting it every 224.7 Earth days. The planet is named after Venus, the Roman goddess of love and beauty. Venus has no natural satellites. The diameter of Venus is only 650 km less than the Earth's, and its mass is 81.5% of the Earth's. A day on Venus lasts 243 Earth days, while its year is 224.7 Earth days.

Earth (or the Earth) is the third planet from the Sun, and the densest and fifth-largest of the eight planets in the Solar System. It has one natural satellite, the Moon. Earth orbits the Sun once for every roughly 366.26 times it rotates about its axis, which is equal to 365.26 solar days. The Earth's axis of rotation is tilted 23.4° away from the perpendicular to its orbital plane.

Earth

earth

Earth Layer

Earth’s layer

Orbit & Rotation

Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun in the Solar System. The planet is named after the Roman god of war, Mars. It is often described as the "Red Planet", as the iron oxide prevalent on its surface gives it a reddish appearance. Mars has two tiny natural satellites (Deimos and Phobos) thought to be captured asteroids. Mars’ average distance from the Sun is roughly 230 million km (1.5 AU) and its orbital period is 687 (Earth) days. The axial tilt of Mars is 25.19 degrees.

Mars

mars’s orbit & rotation

Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest planet within the Solar System. The Romans named the planet after the Roman god Jupiter. Having a diameter of 142,984 km at its equator. Jupiter's density, 1.326 g/cm .³ The only planet that has a center of mass with the Sun. Jupiter's rotation is the fastest of all the Solar System's planets, completing a rotation on its axis in slightly less than ten hours.

Jupiter

Planetary ringsPlanetary rings

The rings of JupiterThe rings of Jupiter

Jupiter has a faint planetary ring system composed of three main segments;• An inner torus of particles (Halo)• Bright main ring• Outer gossamer ring.

Rings appear to be made of dust.

Name the 9 Planets ..

1. ___________________2. ___________________3. ___________________4. ___________________5. ___________________6. ___________________7. ___________________8. ___________________9. ___________________

Saturn is the sixth planet from the Sun – 2nd largest after Jupiter. One-eighth the average density of Earth. Saturn's mass is just over ninety-five times greater than Earth's. Wind speeds on Saturn can reach 1,800 km/h. Saturn has nine rings. 62 known moons orbit the planet, 53 are officially named.

Saturn

Physical Characteristic

Saturn is an oblate spheroid; that is, it is flattened at the poles and bulges at the equator. Its equatorial and polar radii differ by almost 10%—60,268 km versus 54,364 km. Average specific density of the planet is 0.69 g/cm .³ Saturn is only 95 Earth masses.

An ultraviolet photo of Saturn's rings.

saturn orbit & rotation

The average distance between Saturn and the Sun is over 1 400 000 000 km (9 AU). Average orbital speed of 9.69 km/s, it takes Saturn 10,759 Earth days (or about 29  years).½ The elliptical orbit of Saturn is inclined 2.48°.

Planetary Ring

The rings extend from 6 630 km to 120 700 km above Saturn's equator.

saturn orbit & rotation

Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun, and the third-largest and fourth most massive planet in the Solar System. The wind speeds on Uranus can reach 250 meters per second (900 km/h, 560 mph).

Uranus

Axial Tilt Uranus has an axial tilt of 97.77 degrees.

Planetary Ring Uranus has a pale planetary ring system, consist of dark particulate material up to 10 metres in diameter. Thirteen distinct rings are presently known, the brightest being the ε ring. All except two rings of Uranus are extremely narrow—they are usually a few kilometres wide.

Planetary Ring

Uranus's inner rings. The bright outer ring is the ε ring, eight other rings are present.

Uranus's inner rings. The bright outer ring is the ε ring, eight other rings are present.

Uranian ring systemUranian ring system

Neptune

Neptune is the eighth and farthest planet from the Sun. Named for the Roman god of the sea. It is the fourth-largest planet by diameter and the third-largest by mass. On average, Neptune orbits the Sun at a distance of 30.1 AU. categorize Uranus and Neptune as "ice giants“. Wind speeds as high as 2,100 km/h. Temperatures at its cloud tops approaching −218 °C (55 K). Temperatures at the planet's centre, however, are approximately 5,400 K (5,000 °C).

Pluto

From its discovery in 1930 until 2006, Pluto was considered the Solar System's ninth planet. It has an eccentric and highly inclined orbit that takes it from 30 to 49 AU (4.4–7.4 billion km) from the Sun. Pluto has two known smaller moons; Nix and Hydra, discovered in 2005.

pluto orbit & rotation

Pluto's rotation period, its day, is equal to 6.39 Earth days. Pluto rotates on its "side" on its orbital plane, with an axial tilt of 120°. At its solstices, one hemisphere is in permanent daylight, while the other is in permanent darkness.

Orbit & Rotation

pluto orbit & rotation

Orbit of Pluto—ecliptic view. This 'side view' of Pluto's orbit (in red) shows its large inclination to Neptune's orbit (in blue). The ecliptic is horizontal.

This diagram shows the relative positions of Pluto (red) and Neptune (blue) on selected dates.

Orbit of Pluto—polar view. The darker halves of both orbits show where they pass below the plane of the ecliptic.

Let’s Watch Out A Video Of The Solar System …

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http://www.spacestationinfo.my retrieved 2010-10-19

Thank You For Your Attention … =)