Thesis 1-4 Teambulan (Autosaved)

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UNIVERSITY OF THE EAST

(University of the City of Manila)

Caloocan

College of Engineering and Technology

I. RESEARCH TITLE

TOUCH SENSITIVE DOOR KNOB ALARM WITH SOUND SENSITIVE SWITCH FOR BULB AND

BUZZER

II. NAME OF PROPONENTS.

Placido,Julius Czar A., B.S. E C.E

John Reverie Durante, B.S. E.C.E

Rose Ann Pascua, B.S. E.C.E

Jezrel Sanchez, B.S. E.C.E.

Prof. Marvin Abreu


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. Introduction 3

II. Related Literature 4

III. Methodology

Touch Sensitive Door Knob Alarm 5

Sound Sensitive Switch 10

IV. Presentation 13

V. Conclusion 16

Appendix 17

References 20


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I. INTRODUCTION

Most of the establishments and residential houses employ guards or sophisticated

alarms for their security. They spend time and money to ensure their safety and that no

unauthorized person would get inside. For an average person, for him to ensure his security

may simply rely on his dog. But of course, he cannot just depend on his pet all the time.

Nowadays, alternatives ways are made to discourage trespassers. One of those is with the use if

alarms, the low-cost ones. With this, even average person can have it on his house.

Our project is entitled TOUCH SENSITIVE DOOR KNOB ALARM WITH SOUND SENSITIVE

SWITCH FOR BULB AND BUZZER. It is an easy-to-make and easy-to-use gadget. Simply hang the

gadget on the metallic knob and switch on. Anyone who touches the knob will trigger the

alarm, causing it to generate a sound of a buzzer and make the lights on. This also has a sound

sensor. The alarm is operated with a single 9-volt battery. Additional to the 9-volt battery

source, we have also included a terminal for AC source where in one can use AC source that is

converted by the built-in power supply to lessen their expenses on battery.

This project aims to provide people their own security alarms at their houses; provided

that it affordable at low-cost price but effective. Its objectives are as follows: to demonstrate

proper soldering techniques, to drill with accuracy and precision, to apply proper procedure in

mounting the PCB on the casing, to utilize Alternating Current as source of power, be familiar

with transformers and relays for switching, utilize safety equipment such as fuse and wire tubes

to prevent shorting of components and lastly, to troubleshoot with patience and analysis.


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II. RELATED LITERATURE

Secret Watcher

WOULD YOU LIKE TO KNOW WHEN someone used an equipment or appliance while you

are away? Well, heres a very simple circuit that can be incorporated in the equipment itself.

This Secret Watcheruses LEDs to tell you if your equipment has been operated or not. The LED

wont even light until you press a switch.

Now, some readers may be wondering where this project is used. Well for example, in

situations when children are prohibited from watching TV or playing video games, this circuit

can be a good gauge on how trustworthy the children are. Using a lock may be a better guard;

however, it wont tell you even if they tried to operate the equipment or not. Another

application is if you have equipment you do not want anybody to fiddle around with without

your supervision. Note that the purpose of this circuit is to tell you if someone used the

equipment, not prevent anyone from using it.

The circuit is installed inside equipment. When somebody uses the equipment, the

circuit records through its flip-flop memory. Two LEDs are used; one to indicate that the

equipment was indeed used and another to tell you that it wasnt. One LED lights up to indicate

the status of the equipment when the test switch is pressed. The circuit is then reset for

another round of watching.

TouchMeNot Coins

HERES ONE NOVEL APPLICATION OF a touch circuit that would make a great

conversation piece. This is how simple circuit behaves; when someone touches a stack of coins,

the LED will light. Quite simple! But do not let its simplicity deceive you. It is a basic circuit you

can build on to create more funny novelties or more serious applications such as a touch-

activated alarm in store displays. For example, a siren may be incorporated, so the siren goes

off when someone tries to get the coins by touching them. The applications are really limitless.


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III. METHODOLOGY

the alarm generator, composed of 101c and Old. Second, capacitor C7 would be forced

to discharge through R14. Third, diode 07 would pi t (pin 1) of ICI to a HIGH voltage from the

output pin 4) of IC1b.

Though this clamping action of clods the alarm would go ON, even if the voltage across

the collector of 03 has already gone LOW. In other words, even when somebody has already

moved off from the door knob and for as long as C7 has not discharged to the conduction

threshold voltage level of diode 05, the alarm would remain ON.

Once C7 has discharged to the threshold voltage level of diode 05, this diode would

conduct and eventually apply a logic 0 voltage to pin 2. Since IO-1 is clamped to logic 1 by diode

07, the resulting output would be logic 1 also, and therefore, deactivates the alarm and

effectively prevents D7 from conducting.

It is evident; therefore that C7 and R14 determine the duration the alarm would sound.

The larger the capacitance and the resistance of 07 and R14, respectively, the longer the sound

duration would be in the given values, the alarm would last for about 30 to 35 seconds.

Alarm generator circuit is composed of IC1c and IC1d Gate Clc is configured as a multi-

vibrator that modulates another multi-vibrator gate 101d. Together these gates has a warbling

signal that is fed to the Laser of 04 through R17 for amplified signals are passed through coil L2

which acts as a step-up transformer that step up the signal voltage across the ceramic

transducer. Without this coil, the sound output would still be weak.


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Capacitor 06 and resistor R12 is an A-C time delay network. When the device is initially

switched ON; the alarm would not be triggered within a 3 to 5 second period, thereby giving

the user-homeowner ample time to set up the alarm.

(Touch Sensitive Door Knob Alarm)

HOW THE CIRCUIT WORKS

The RF oscillator is formed around Q1 and associated passive components. It oscillates

at a fixed frequency but would shift every time somebody touches the sensor wire.

The human hand or body has a capacitive influence on the effective reactance of coil. This

influence cau3es the oscillator to shift frequency.

The next stage, the detector, continuously monitors the oscillator frequency. It is consist

of transistors Q2 and Q3 and associated components.

At the normal oscillator operating frequency, i.e., with nobody touching the sensor wire,

the voltage across the collector of Q3 with respect to ground is way below the turn ON voltage

of the NAND gate 101a. Consequently, no change occurs at the detector stage, and the entire

circuit is said to be at the waiting state.

When somebody touches the sensor wire, the oscillator frequency would shift and

cause the bias of Q2 to change. This, in turn, Would cause the voltage across the collector of Q3

to increase to a value above the turn ON voltage level of the input (pin ' ) of IC1 a. Such a HIGH

input to NAND gate IC1a would cause its output (pin 3) to Shift to a LOW level or near ground

voltage.

Note, however, that the collector of Q3 would be logic 1 only for as long as somebody is

touching the sensor wire. Three things would happen if the output of 101a goes LOW. First, the

output (pin 4) of IC1b would no HIGH, and consequently, activates

CONSTRUCTION


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Before starting with the construction work, be sure you already have all the components

needed to complete lie project.

It is likewise equally important to consider at this stage a suitable housing for this

project before making this, PCB. As much as possible, chaos a case that is both light and slim

could accommodate the PCB asset-the transducer, the switch, the potentiometer and the

battery.

Remember that this alarm device would be hanged on the door knob.

The Touch Door Knob Alarm shown: here is enclosed in an H0811 case this small case can

accommodate all the components required by the project.

Proceed with the usual insertion and soldering of the components into the

PCB:

1. Resistors, Diodes, and the IC Socket

Be very careful in decoding the resistors. Double check it before soldering them. Be very

careful in soldering the leads of the IC socket.2. Transistors

Dont interchange the transistors. 01 is a 9018, 03 is a PN100, 02 is a 200 and 04 is an

NIPSA56. Check lead orientations. If you're planning to use the slim HiC811 case, it is advisable

to insert at least one half of the transistors' leads so as to minimize the vertical clearance

required by them.


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3. Coils L1 and L2 soldered connections. Correct any errors right away.

Coil L1 can be made by winding about 20 turns of No.25 AWG magnet wire. Proceed

with the wiring. The formed length of the windings should be around 1/2 Connect the

respective PCB inch. Remove the vanish film to the terminals of the following don at both ends

of the wire by scrap- externally mounted components. 'Ping it with a blade or sandpaper

1. Potentiometer R1

Connect only the middle and the left able at le din electronic stores. It (when viewed at

the back of the body) looks like a capacitor and is goner- terminals to their respective terminals

Insert IC1 into its socket. Note that reaction of rotation mentioned in the 101 is a CMOS

device. Do not touch testing procedure would be opposite. Lts leads with your bare fingers

place the IC on a non-conducive Sensor Wire. CMOS 10s are wrapped with. Conductive foil

while still unused to this is only an insulated ro26 protect them from static discharge. Stranded

wire about one foot. Connect the respective PCB terminals to the terminals of the following '

externally mounted components.

Potentiometer R1

Connect only the middle and the left (when viewed at the back of the body) terminals to

their respective terminals on the PCB. (Note: Distinguish which is the potentiometer's left


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terminal and the right terminal. Do not interchange one from the other as the relative direction

of rotation mentioned in the Testing procedure would be opposite.

Sensor Wire

This is only an insulated No.26 AVVG stranded wire about one foot long. The wire would

also serve as the strap for hanging the gadget on the door knob. Refer to the accompanying

illustration shown in Figure 5 to see how this wire would be tied around the binding/mounting

posts of the enclosure.

Strip off the insulation at both ends of this wire and solder them both at the PCB foil

path where the terminals of L1, 03, collector of 01, and cathode of D1 are connected. This

procedure would ensure a more sensitive loop.

Ceramic Transducer

Momentary remove the plastic resonator (cover) of the ceramic t transducer to be able

to solder the terminals with a No.20 AWG hook up wire. Note which the negative is and thepositive terminals. These are not interchangeable.

Put back the plastic resonator after soldering the hook up wires to the transducer

terminals. Without the resonator, the sound output would be weak.


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(SOUND SENSITIVE SWITCH)

I. PCB Development

A. Print the design on a clear sheet of Acetate(Laserjet or Deskjet)

B. Use Fluorescent Lamp to put your design on Copper Side of the PCB

C. Apply Positive Developer to expose the design

D. Use Ferric Chloride to remove all unwanted copper

`

II. Checking of components

A. See if all the parts are avaialble

B. Double check if there is a defective compoent

III. Soldering of PCB

A. Drill the holes for the components


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C. Connect the outlet parallel to the AC Doorbell

D. Connect one leg of the AC Source in series with the Relay.

V. PRESENTATION

(TOUCH SENSITIVE DOOR KNOB ALARM)

PATTERN


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PARTS PLACEMENT

WIRING DIAGRAM

*9V battery can be used as subsitute

*K1 is Relay


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SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

FINAL PROJECT

VI. CONCLUSION

Sound and touch can be used to turn on a circuit. By touching the sense wire, the circuit has

sensed a disturbance that will turn on the transducer and make the circuit work. Creating a

bright, useful thing but in a low-cost and not so hard to do project.


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APPENDIX

(TOUCH SENSITIVE DOOR ALARM)

Parts List

*Semiconductors:

IC1 -CD1098, Quad 2-Input NAND Gate (Schmitt Trigger)

Q1 -9018, NPN 0.625W 12V RF Amp. Transistor(TO-92)

Q2 -PN200, PNP 45V 250 MHz 1.0A Transistor(TO-92)

Q3 -PNP100, NPN 0.625W 80V 0.5A Transistor(TO-92)

Q4 -MPSA56, PNP 0.625W 80V 0.5A Transistor(TO-92)

D1-D7 -1N4148, Si Switching Signal Diode(DO-35,glass)

*Resistors: (All are W, +/- 5% tolerance, carbon consumption type.)

R1 - 250K potentiometer

R2, R13 - 33K Ohms

R3, R6, R10, R13 - 100K Ohms

R4, R17 - 10K Ohms

R5 - 47K Ohms

R7 - 1K Ohms

R8, R12, R15 - 1 Mega Ohms

R9 - 330 Ohms

R11 - 180k Ohms

R14 - 680K Ohms

R16 - 330K Ohms

*Capacitors:


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C1- 10 F/16-Volt electrolytic

C2- 0.001 F mylar

C3, C4 - 33 F ceramic

C5, C8 - 0.01 F mylar

C6, C10 - 4.7 pF/50-Volt electrolytic

C7- 47 pF/25-Volt electrolytic

C9- 0.033 pF mylar

C11- 220 pF/16-Volt electrolytic

*Miscellaneous:

L1-20 turns magnet wire AWG#25

L2-40mH Choke coil

SW1-slide switch DPDT

ICU-14 pin socket

HC811 plastic enclosure

9 Volt Battery with clip

Screws for the switch

Stranded hook-up wire AWG#241 meter

PCB

For Sound Sensitive Switch :

Reference Designation Value Description

R1 2K Ohms W Carbon Resistor

R2 150K Ohms- W Carbon Resistor





R7 33K ohms- W Carbon Resistor


K1 UYD105 5A DC-6V Relay

CR1 1N4001 Rectifier Diode


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C1, C3,C4 22uF , 16V Electrolytic Capacitor

C2 100uF, 16V

DS1-DS2 LED

Q1-Q4 2N2222A NPN Transistor BJT

Mic Sound Sensitive Sensor

COST AND SUPPLIER

Unit Material Price Amount

18 Resistors 1 18

1 PCB 120 120

3 #24 Solid B 2 6

1 Ceramic Xducer 4 4

2 MPSA56 5 10

2 PN200 5 10

2 AntiStatic Polybag 1.25 2

2 9018 4 8

1 CD4093 10 10

1 14P Hisel 8 16

2 10 pF/16-Volt electrolytic 2 4

2 0.001 pF mylar 2 4

2 0.01 pF mylar 2 4

2 4.7 pF/50-Volt electrolytic 2 4


2 0.033 pF mylar 2 4


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1 Touch Door Alarm 220 220

1 Sensor Wire 15 15

Total: 502

Supplier: Alexan Commercial631 Sales St. across G. Puyat (Raon) Street, Quiapo, Manila

REFERENCES:

Secret Watcher. (n.d.). Electronic Enthusiasts issue 52, pp. 48-50.

Touch Me not Coins . (n.d.). Electronic Enthusiasts issue 52, pp. 51-53.

Touch Sensitive Alarm. (n.d.). Electronic Enthusisasts issue 42, pp. 17-21.

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