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By Kasturi Chyau

Patnaik

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Contents

What is thermal imaging?

Principles of thermal imaging.

Basics of light.

Physics of emissivity. Photo-electric effect.

Photo multiplier tube.

Thermal imaging for substation monitoring.

Thermal imaging survey.

Thermal signatures can be used in.

Advantages.

Case study.

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Introduction

Electric power utilities: face- aging

infrastructure, increasing risk of

blackouts and brownouts.

By using thermal imaging

,impending equipment failures canbe detected anytime.

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What is thermal

imaging?

Means by which humans can see

in the infrared portion of spectrum

of light.

Detection of objects in total

darkness and in very diverse

weather conditions.

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Principles of thermal

imaging

Many components heat up

before they fail.

All objects emit thermal

radiation in the infrared

spectrum unseen to the human

eye.

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Basics oflight

Energy is

inversely

proportional to

wavelength.

Violet has most

energy and redhas least.

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Physics of emissivity

Incident

light

Reflected

Absorbed

Transmitted

Incident energy Absorbed energy Transmitted energy

Reflected energy

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Photoelectric effect

Emission or

ejection of

electrons fromsurface of a

metal in

response to

incidence oflight.

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Photomultiplier tube

Extremely

sensitive

detectors of light

that multiply the

current produced

by the incidence

of light.

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Maintenance

and monitoring

Medical

imaging

Research

Maritime and

navigation

Volcanology

and geological

surveys

Applications

Law

enforcementNight vision

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Thermal imaging survey

Capturing thermal images of

electrical distribution equipment .

Non-intrusive predictive

maintenance technique to identifypoor connections and loading

related faults.

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Overview of substation

monitoring system

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Thermal signature can be

used in:-

Power transformers.

Load tap changers .

Insulator bushings. Standoff insulators.

Lightning arrestors .

Circuit breakers .

Control cabinets .

Batteries.

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Advantages

Unbeatable forIndentifying

Electrical Faults.

Non-Intrusive and Safe. Reduction in Breakdown

Maintenance Costs.

Reduction in Insurance Premiums. Reduction in Risk Contingency

Budgets.

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Some thermal images

Fuse end cables

Transformer bushingsM.C.B

Substation connector

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Case study

This thermal image

shows a hot

connection--

measuring 437F.

The infrared camera

pinpointed theanomaly

immediately.

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Conclusion

Thermal imaging system thus:-

Can safeguard substation and

measure temperature differences.Allows to see problems before

they become costly failures.

Preventing downtime enhancingworker safety.

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