There is an underlying, hidden level of culture that is

highly patterned – a set of unspoken, implicit rules of behavior and thought that controls everything we do.

-Edward T. Hall

Intercultural Competence

Mind-Set How we THINKabout difference

Heart-Set How we FEELabout difference

Skill-Set How we ACTaround difference

We only seewhat we are

prepared to see.

- Emerson

Intercultural Communication Model

You MeFace to Face

What’s

MeantW

hat’s Sent

Assumptions

Be

liefs

Valu

es

What’s

UnderstoodWhat’s

Understo

od

Assum

ptio

ns

Bel

iefs

Values

Education Income Religion

ParentalStatus

MaritalStatus

Work Experience Military Experience

Geographical Location

Age Ethnicity

Race

Sexual Orientation

Gender

Physical Abilities

Dimensions of Diversity

Seeing the Object and the Field (Masuda & Nisbett, 2001)

Participants

41 American participants at the University of Michigan and 44 Japanese participants at Kyoto University, Japan.

Sense of Self

Individualism. . . . . . . . . . . .Collectivism

“The squeaky wheel gets the grease.”

U.S.

“The nail that sticks up gets hit.”

Japanese

Independent Sense of Self

First Grade Reader:

“See Dick run. See Dick play. See Dick run and play.”

Focus is on individual action.

Interdependent Sense of Self

First Grade Reader (Chinese)

“Big brother takes care of little brother. Big brother loves little brother. Little brother loves big brother.”

Focus is on relationship