Therapeutic community
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Transcript of Therapeutic community
THERAPEUTIC
COMMUNITY
-Mr. ANEEZ. KIst year M.Sc. Nursing
EMCH CON
The concept of therapeutic community was first developed by Maxwell in1953.
He wrote a book entitled “ social psychiatry” which was first published in England.
Later on when it was published in the United states, its title was changed to “Therapeutic Community.”
THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY Small cohesive communities
where patients have a significant involvement in decision-making and the practicalities of running the unit.
THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY
Collective responsibility
Citizenship
Empowerment
Encourages personal responsibility
Avoids unhelpful dependency on professionals
OBJECTIVES To use patient’s social environment
to provide a therapeutic experience for him.
To enable the patient to be an active participant in his own care and become involved in daily activities of his community.
OBJECTIVES To help patients to solve problems
plan activities and to develop the necessary rules and regulations for the community
To increase their independence and gain control over many of their own personal activities.
OBJECTIVES To enable the patients to become
aware of how their behavior affects others.
INDICATION OF TC Dependence syndrome Depressive disorders Neurosis Somatoform disorder Personality disorder
Self harming nature Drug abuse Violent patients Schizophrenia Enduring mental illness
KEY PARAMETER IN SETTING OF TC
Size of the unit Duration of treatment Relationship with the parents,
organizations and wider community
ELEMENTS OF THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY Free communication Shared responsibilities Active participation Involvement in decision making Understanding of roles, responsibilities,
limitations and authorities
COMPONENTS OF THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY1. Daily Community meetings
composed of 60-90 patients. All levels of unit staff are involved
including administrative personnel acute patients are not involved in the
meetings. Discussion should focus mainly on day to day
life in the unit.
COMPONENTS OF THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY1. Daily Community meetings
During discussions patient’s feelings and behaviors are examined by other members.
Frank discussions are encouragedmuch outpouring of emotions and anger.
COMPONENTS OF THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY2. Patient Government or Ward council
to deal with practical unit detailsA group of 5-6 patients will have specific
responsibilities , such as house keeping physical exercise personal hygiene meal distribution a group to observe suicidal patients
COMPONENTS OF THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY2. Patient Government or Ward council
staff members should be available always.All decisions should be feedback to the
community through the community meetings.
COMPONENTS OF THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY3. Staff Meetings or Review
A staff meetings should be held following each community meetings
patients are excluded and only staff are present
In this meeting the staff would examine their own responses, expectations and prejudices.
COMPONENTS OF THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY4. Living and learning Opportunities
provided within the social milieuprovide realistic learning experiences for the
patients.
STAFF IN TC Psychiatrist Psychiatric nurse Clinical psychologist Psychiatric social function
Occupational therapist Recreational therapist Art therapist Music therapist Dietician
ROLE OF STAFF Psychiatric nurse
Authoritarian roleSocial roleTherapeutic role
PsychiatristLeaderDiagnose and treatment
Clinical psychologistAssist to diagnose by psychological test
Psychiatric social workerConcerned with client needFulfil family and community requirement
Assist in conduction of therapeutic skill
Recreational therapistEncourage to express their feeling
Occupational therapistDevelop independent skillAssist to productiveCreative activities and skills are developed
ADVANTAGES OF THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY Patient develop harmonious relationships
with other members in the community. Gains self confidence Develops Leadership skills. Learns to understand and solve problems
of self and others. Becomes Socio- Centric.
Learns to live and think collectively with the members of the community
provides opportunities to participate in the formulation of hospital rules and regulations that affect patient’s personal liberties like bedtime , meal time, weekend permission, control of radio or T.V, Social activities, late night privileges, etc.
ADVANTAGES OF THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY
DISADVANTAGES OF THERAPEUTIC COMMUNITY Role blurring between staff and patients Group responsibility can easily become
nobody’s responsibility. Individual needs and concerns may not
be met. Patient may find the transition to
community difficult.
ASSIGNMENT Identify the difference between
therapeutic community and milieu therapy in detail and submit it on 21.8.2015 before 4 pm. Total mark is 20
REFERENCES Townsend M C. Psychiatric Mental
Health Nursing-concepts of care. (3 rd edition). F.H Davis Publishers; Philadelphia: 2000. Pg.No. 158-160.
Kapoor B. Text book of psychiatric nursing. Publishers of medical and nursing books; Delhi: 2006.Pg.No. 12-57.
Sreevani R.A guide to mental health and psychiatric nursing. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers; New Delhi: (2006). Pg.No. 148-149.
Stuart gail.w. principles & practices of Psychiatric Nursing. (9th edition). Elsevier publishers: 2011. Pg. No. 115-120.
www.austinecc.edu/richb/thercom.html
http//nursing.planet.com/pn/therapeutic-communication.html
ANY DOUBT