ThePrint 18 April, 2020

Satyajit Ray's 'Feluda' will soon detect coronavirus in minutes,

thanks to CSIR scientists

Scientists at Delhi's CSIR-IGIB have developed a paper-based test strip for Covid- 19, and

named it after the fictional detective created by Satyajit Ray.

SHAN KER ARNIMESH

The CSIR-IGIB campus in south Delhi I Photo: crispr.igib.res.in

New Delhi: Feluda will now detect if you are infected with Covid-19. Or, to be precise, a

new paper-based test strip named after the beloved detective character created by Bengali

filmmaker-author Satyaj it Ray will soon be able to find the novel coronavirus in just a few

minutes .

The 'Feluda' test strip has been invented by a team led by two Bengali-origin scientists - Dr

- Souvik Maiti and Dr Debojyoti Chakraborty - at the.Council of Scientific & Industrial

Research's Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (CSIR-IGIB) in New Delhi.

The simple paper-based test strip could also reduce Covid-19 testing costs - the real-time

polymerase chain reaction test (RT-PCR) used currently requires machinery worth lakhs of

rupees and its price is capped at Rs 4,500 in private labs, but the 'Feluda' test could cost as little

as Rs 500. It cCin be used in a way similar to pregnancy test strips widely available over the

counter.

"This strip will be similar to a pregnancy test strip, and will not require any specialised skill and

machines to perform, as is the case with other PCR-based tests. This strip will just change

colour, and can be used in a simple pathological lab. The most important part is it will be 100 per

cent accurate," CSIR Director-General Shekhar C. Mande told ThePrint.

"Normall y, scientists take two to three years to develop this type of kits, but we are among the

three or four countries leading the way in developing it, alongside Stanford University and

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the US," said Mande, head ofIndia's largest

umbrella organisation for scientific research.

Why'Feluda'?

Dr Chakraborty of IGIB explained how his team had developed the kit.

"We were experimenting on sickle cell anaemia for the last two years. When Covid-19 cases rose

in China, we started to experiment to see how mutations take place in the coronavirus. For the

last two months, we have been working 20 hours a day to develop it," he told ThePrint.

Asked why they named it after Ray's fictional detective, Chakraborty said: "It will detect the

presence of a virus in a just few minutes, like F el uda."

The team is currently testing the sensitivity of the ' Feluda' strip. "Now, we are at a stage where

we can say it will be a major breakthrough for testing in a short time. Regulatory validation is in

process, and we hope we will be ready for technology transfer in few weeks. We are in touch

with several manufacturers for the technology transfer," Chakraborty said.

Mande added that the strip has been tested on the samples with CSIR, and is now being tested on

samples from elsewhere to find out its sensitivity.

CRISPR technology

Mande and Chakraborty said their test kit uses CRISPR gene-editing technology to get results,

though the difference to the kits being developed at Stanford and MIT is in the proteins used.

CRISPR teclmology recognises specific genetic sequences and cuts them in short time. The

CRISPR reaction is specific, and can be done in 5-10 minutes. It is a powerful technique that

worked in detecting the Zika virus too.

"(Our strip) uses cutting-edge gene-editing CRISPR-CAS-9 technology to target and identify

genomic sequence of the novel coronavirus in suspected individuals. No other laboratory in India

is developing test kit using CRISPR technology," Mande said.

Chakraborty aJded: "Unlike Stanford and MIT, which use CAS-12 aGd CAS-13 proteins to

detect the presence of the novel coronavirus, our kit uses CAS-9 protein technology. And unlike

the PCR test, there is no need for probes."

Anurag Agrawal, director of CSIR-IGIB, explained the difference between the 'Feluda' paper

strip test and others being carried out around the world .

"A few other labs have been developing test kits, but they are largely based on PCR technology.

The problem with PCR is that it is costly - one machine costs Rs 14-15 lakh, and imported

probes have to be u::.ed, of which there is a shortage. It takes several hours," Agrawal said.

"Our paper strip does not require any' level 2' or 'level 3' lab to test, unlike most PCR -based

tests. This can be done in any simple pathological lab. We have imported serological rapid test

kits, but this paper test technology is different," Agrawal added.