The Y Chromosome *PAR - Pseudoautosomal region *MSY – Male-specific region of Y *SRY – Sex...

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The Y Chromosome *PAR - Pseudoautosomal region *MSY – Male-specific region of Y *SRY – Sex determining region *TDF - Testis Determining Factor Is the Y chromosome a “genetic wasteland”?

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Transcript of The Y Chromosome *PAR - Pseudoautosomal region *MSY – Male-specific region of Y *SRY – Sex...

Page 1: The Y Chromosome *PAR - Pseudoautosomal region *MSY – Male-specific region of Y *SRY – Sex determining region *TDF - Testis Determining Factor Is the Y.

The Y Chromosome*PAR - Pseudoautosomal region

*MSY – Male-specific region of Y

*SRY – Sex determining region

*TDF - Testis Determining Factor

Is the Y chromosome a “genetic wasteland”?

Page 2: The Y Chromosome *PAR - Pseudoautosomal region *MSY – Male-specific region of Y *SRY – Sex determining region *TDF - Testis Determining Factor Is the Y.

SKALETSKY, et al. (2003) The male-specific region of the human Y chromosome is a mosaic of discrete sequence classes. Nature 423, 825 - 837

The Y Chromosome

Page 3: The Y Chromosome *PAR - Pseudoautosomal region *MSY – Male-specific region of Y *SRY – Sex determining region *TDF - Testis Determining Factor Is the Y.

The X Chromosome and Dosage Compensation*Do females produce twice as much of each gene product for X-linked genes?

Dosage compensation

*In mammals – X inactivation

*Barr and Bertram

*Susumo Ohno

Page 4: The Y Chromosome *PAR - Pseudoautosomal region *MSY – Male-specific region of Y *SRY – Sex determining region *TDF - Testis Determining Factor Is the Y.

The X Chromosome and Dosage Compensation*If you can make one copy of X (in females) inactive, you can compensate for dosage

Indirect evidence:

Page 5: The Y Chromosome *PAR - Pseudoautosomal region *MSY – Male-specific region of Y *SRY – Sex determining region *TDF - Testis Determining Factor Is the Y.

X Inactivation*Lyon hypothesis

Example:

Coat color in cats; G6PD in human fibroblasts

Page 6: The Y Chromosome *PAR - Pseudoautosomal region *MSY – Male-specific region of Y *SRY – Sex determining region *TDF - Testis Determining Factor Is the Y.

Avner, P. and Heard, E. (2001); X-CHROMOSOME INACTIVATION: COUNTING, CHOICE AND INITIATION, Nature Reviews Genetics 2; 59-67

Review: X inactivation

Mechanism of inactivation:

XIC or X-inactivation center

Page 7: The Y Chromosome *PAR - Pseudoautosomal region *MSY – Male-specific region of Y *SRY – Sex determining region *TDF - Testis Determining Factor Is the Y.

Sex determination in Drosophila:

Page 8: The Y Chromosome *PAR - Pseudoautosomal region *MSY – Male-specific region of Y *SRY – Sex determining region *TDF - Testis Determining Factor Is the Y.

Sex determination in Drosophila:

Page 9: The Y Chromosome *PAR - Pseudoautosomal region *MSY – Male-specific region of Y *SRY – Sex determining region *TDF - Testis Determining Factor Is the Y.

Temperature and sex determination:


Interlake Region Economic Profile...• Of the 9,069 businesses in the region, 6,169 are Indeterminate (self employed). 16 businesses employ more that 200 people. Determining Competitive

Interlake Region Economic Profile...• Of the 9,069 businesses in the region, 6,169 are Indeterminate (self employed). 16 businesses employ more that 200 people. Determining Competitive

Unit 1 test study guide. Climate What is the most important factor determining the climate of a region? latitude (1)

Unit 1 test study guide. Climate What is the most important factor determining the climate of a region? latitude (1)

U.S. EPA Region 5 · determining further vulnerabilities. A detailed explanation of Region 5’s vulnerabilities to climate change is included in Appendix A, “ Region 5 Vulnerability

U.S. EPA Region 5 · determining further vulnerabilities. A detailed explanation of Region 5’s vulnerabilities to climate change is included in Appendix A, “ Region 5 Vulnerability

Determining Density

Determining Density

Determining - isobudgets

Determining - isobudgets

Determining From

Determining From

Unit 1 test study guide. Climate (1) What is the most important factor determining the climate of a region? latitude.

Unit 1 test study guide. Climate (1) What is the most important factor determining the climate of a region? latitude.

Recombination in the threespine stickleback genome ...Along the sex chromosome, we show that recombination is restricted to a small pseudoautosomal domain of c. 2 Mb, spanning only

Recombination in the threespine stickleback genome ...Along the sex chromosome, we show that recombination is restricted to a small pseudoautosomal domain of c. 2 Mb, spanning only

DETERMINING THE MAXIMUM SPEED BORNE BY THE ELASTIC ... · the international conference of the carpathian euro-region specialists in industrial systems 7th edition determining the

DETERMINING THE MAXIMUM SPEED BORNE BY THE ELASTIC ... · the international conference of the carpathian euro-region specialists in industrial systems 7th edition determining the

Determining Mach

Determining Mach

Chemical Kinetics 10.3 Determining Rate Laws 10.8 ... · Chapter 10 Chemical Kinetics 259 ... thermodynamic region kinetic kinetic region ... The reaction is in the kinetic region

Chemical Kinetics 10.3 Determining Rate Laws 10.8 ... · Chapter 10 Chemical Kinetics 259 ... thermodynamic region kinetic kinetic region ... The reaction is in the kinetic region

Determining Authorship

Determining Authorship

DETERMINING VISITORS’ MOTIVATION TO LEGOLAND MALAYSIAetd.uum.edu.my/4189/2/s810668_abstract.pdf · determining visitors’ motivation to legoland malaysia ... 2014. determining

DETERMINING VISITORS’ MOTIVATION TO LEGOLAND MALAYSIAetd.uum.edu.my/4189/2/s810668_abstract.pdf · determining visitors’ motivation to legoland malaysia ... 2014. determining

SOMATIC HYPERMUTATION. CDR1CDR2CDR3 VL Complementary Determining Region = hypervariable region V35 gene product J2 gene product.

SOMATIC HYPERMUTATION. CDR1CDR2CDR3 VL Complementary Determining Region = hypervariable region V35 gene product J2 gene product.

Determining Remaining Permitted Capacity of California… · Determining Remaining Permitted Capacity of California’s ... DETERMINING REMAINING PERMITTED CAPACITY OF ... California

Determining Remaining Permitted Capacity of California… · Determining Remaining Permitted Capacity of California’s ... DETERMINING REMAINING PERMITTED CAPACITY OF ... California

determining Problem

determining Problem

DETERMINING SLOPE

DETERMINING SLOPE

Y CHROMOSOME MICRODELETION Detection System v.4€¦ · The portion of the male-specific region of the Y chromosome (MSY), comprising 95% of the Y chromosome and flanked by pseudoautosomal

Y CHROMOSOME MICRODELETION Detection System v.4€¦ · The portion of the male-specific region of the Y chromosome (MSY), comprising 95% of the Y chromosome and flanked by pseudoautosomal

Determining MLC

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Application of Dye-Tracing Techniques for Determining ... · UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY REGION IV 345 COURTLAND STREET ATLANTA, GEORGIA 30365 Application Of Dye-Tracing

Application of Dye-Tracing Techniques for Determining ... · UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY REGION IV 345 COURTLAND STREET ATLANTA, GEORGIA 30365 Application Of Dye-Tracing