The XMM Distant Cluster Project: Survey limits and Pilot Survey
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The XMM Distant Cluster Project: Survey limits and Pilot
SurveyGeorg Lamer
A. Schwope, V. Hambaryan, M. Godolt (AIP)
H. Böhringer, R. Fassbender, P. Schücker, J. Santos (MPE)
C. Mullis (U Michigan), P. Rosati (ESO)
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1. Extended source detection and survey sensitivity
2. X-ray redshifts
3. First results from pilot survey
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Source detection pipeline
EPIC images eexpmap exposure maps
• Standard XMM-SAS detection tasks
• Similar setup as for 2XMM catalogue
eboxdetect
esplinemap background mapseboxdetect emldetect PSF fiiting
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Source detection pipeline
emldetect: Fitting PSF folded with King profile
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Verification of survey limitsSimulation of XMM EPIC data:
– Simulate 100 source lists with AGN logN-logS (Hasinger & Brandt 2005) + cluster logN – logS (Rosati et al. 1998)– Create simulated EPIC images in 3 x 5 energy bands (typical background, 20 ksec exposure).
Run source detection pipeline on fake data sets.
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Verification of survey limits
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Verification of survey limits
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Verification of survey limits
Detected fraction: ~50% @ f=10-14
Spurious fraction (before visual screening)
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X-ray redshifts
• Possibility of measuring redshifts from X-ray spectra?• Extracted spectra of 90 clusters with > 500 counts,
calculating grid of MEKAL models in T-z plane (Master thesis M. Godolt).
Mekalredshift=0.8kT= 4.0
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X-ray redshifts
Determined 17 redshifts (mostly low T clusters @ z< 0.5)
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X-ray redshifts
Newly discovered cluster @ z=0.8:
Subaru I-band
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Pilot cluster survey
• Survey area: 9 deg2 at sensitivity 7x10-15 cgs
•Best sensitivity:10-15 cgs
• Detected 155 extended sources
• Optical follow up in ESO P72 / P73 (2003/2004)
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Optical follow up observations
• Select high redshift cluster candidates using DSS images– Eliminate non-cluster identifications– Select DSS blank fields for R + z band imaging
with VLT FORS2
• VLT imaging in R + z bands (47 candidates)– Estimate photometric redshifts
• Spectroscopic confirmation (VLT FORS 2)
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VLT imaging• Imaging observations with FORS 2:• R and z bands• Rlim > 24.5 , zlim > 23m • Determine R-z colours cluster red sequence
redshift estimate
.
z~1.2
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Pilot survey: Results
Photometric (R-z) redshifts
10
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XMMU J2235-2557z = 1.39
Mullis et al. 2005
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Conclusions & Outlook• Survey sensitivity well described by simulations.
• Limited possibility to obtain redshifts from XMM spectra.
• Pilot survey demonstrated efficient strategy to find distant clusters
• ~ 1/4 of new XMM clusters at z > 0.5• ~ 1/4 of these have z > 1.0• XMM 2235-2557: X-ray luminous cluster at z=1.39
• Next goal: sample of 30 clusters at z >1