The World Jesus Lived In. Palestine Galilee - north Samaria - south Judea - south Nazareth – city...
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Transcript of The World Jesus Lived In. Palestine Galilee - north Samaria - south Judea - south Nazareth – city...
• Palestine• Galilee - north• Samaria - south• Judea - south
• Nazareth – city Jesus grew up• Capernaum - city near Sea of
Galilee• His public ministry
• Bethlehem – birth• Jerusalem - death
Galilee
• Mountainous and beautiful• Sea of Galilee (Lake
Gennesareth)• Rural• Major trade route• Greek and Roman culture• Many Galileans were gentiles• Judeans looked down on
Galileans
Roughly speaking everything north and east of the modern city of Haifa was known as Galilee and this most famous region covers an area some 50 miles from north to south and 25 miles east to west. Under the Romans this small area in northern Palestine was a fixed administrative distinct; earlier its boundary was vague and variable. In ancient times, as now, it was Israel's lushest region, known for its sunny, temperate climate and its spring-watered lands. Each spring the valleys and slopes became an ocean of wildflowers and blossoming trees. Beginning in March the area was covered by a vast blanket of green. The fertile land was a texture of vineyards and fruit orchards. Grapes, figs, olives, pomegranates, oranges and other fruits flourished in its pleasant, subtropical climate. 1st century AD Jewish historian Flavius Josephus, who knew the area well, wrote this about it:
Roughly speaking everything north and east of the modern city of Haifa was known as Galilee and this most famous region covers an area some 50 miles from north to south and 25 miles east to west. Under the Romans this small area in northern Palestine was a fixed administrative distinct; earlier its boundary was vague and variable. In ancient times, as now, it was Israel's lushest region, known for its sunny, temperate climate and its spring-watered lands. Each spring the valleys and slopes became an ocean of wildflowers and blossoming trees. Beginning in March the area was covered by a vast blanket of green. The fertile land was a texture of vineyards and fruit orchards. Grapes, figs, olives, pomegranates, oranges and other fruits flourished in its pleasant, subtropical climate. 1st century AD Jewish historian Flavius Josephus, who knew the area well, wrote this about it:
Roughly speaking everything north and east of the modern city of Haifa was known as Galilee and this most famous region covers an area some 50 miles from north to south and 25 miles east to west. Under the Romans this small area in northern Palestine was a fixed administrative distinct; earlier its boundary was vague and variable. In ancient times, as now, it was Israel's lushest region, known for its sunny, temperate climate and its spring-watered lands. Each spring the valleys and slopes became an ocean of wildflowers and blossoming trees. Beginning in March the area was covered by a vast blanket of green. The fertile land was a texture of vineyards and fruit orchards. Grapes, figs, olives, pomegranates, oranges and other fruits flourished in its pleasant, subtropical climate. 1st century AD Jewish historian Flavius Josephus, who knew the area well, wrote this about it:
In ancient times, as now, it was Israel's lushest region, known for its sunny, temperate climate its spring-watered lands. Each spring the valleys and slopes became an ocean
of wildflowers and blossoming trees.Beginning in March the area was covered by a vast
blanket of green. The fertile land was a texture of vineyards and fruit
orchards. Grapes, figs, olives, pomegranates, oranges and other fruits flourished in its pleasant, subtropical climate.
Roughly speaking everything north and east of the modern city of Haifa was known as Galilee and this most famous region covers an area some 50 miles from north to south and 25 miles east to west. Under the Romans this small area in northern Palestine was a fixed administrative distinct; earlier its boundary was vague and variable. In ancient times, as now, it was Israel's lushest region, known for its sunny, temperate climate and its spring-watered lands. Each spring the valleys and slopes became an ocean of wildflowers and blossoming trees. Beginning in March the area was covered by a vast blanket of green. The fertile land was a texture of vineyards and fruit orchards. Grapes, figs, olives, pomegranates, oranges and other fruits flourished in its pleasant, subtropical climate. 1st century AD Jewish historian Flavius Josephus, who knew the area well, wrote this about it:
Roughly speaking everything north and east of the modern city of Haifa was known as Galilee and this most famous region covers an area some 50 miles from north to south and 25 miles east to west. Under the Romans this small area in northern Palestine was a fixed administrative distinct; earlier its boundary was vague and variable. In ancient times, as now, it was Israel's lushest region, known for its sunny, temperate climate and its spring-watered lands. Each spring the valleys and slopes became an ocean of wildflowers and blossoming trees. Beginning in March the area was covered by a vast blanket of green. The fertile land was a texture of vineyards and fruit orchards. Grapes, figs, olives, pomegranates, oranges and other fruits flourished in its pleasant, subtropical climate. 1st century AD Jewish historian Flavius Josephus, who knew the area well, wrote this about it:
Roughly speaking everything north and east of the modern city of Haifa was known as Galilee and this most famous region covers an area some 50 miles from north to south and 25 miles east to west. Under the Romans this small area in northern Palestine was a fixed administrative distinct; earlier its boundary was vague and variable. In ancient times, as now, it was Israel's lushest region, known for its sunny, temperate climate and its spring-watered lands. Each spring the valleys and slopes became an ocean of wildflowers and blossoming trees. Beginning in March the area was covered by a vast blanket of green. The fertile land was a texture of vineyards and fruit orchards. Grapes, figs, olives, pomegranates, oranges and other fruits flourished in its pleasant, subtropical climate. 1st century AD Jewish historian Flavius Josephus, who knew the area well, wrote this about it:
Roughly speaking everything north and east of the modern city of Haifa was known as Galilee and this most famous region covers an area some 50 miles from north to south and 25 miles east to west. Under the Romans this small area in northern Palestine was a fixed administrative distinct; earlier its boundary was vague and variable. In ancient times, as now, it was Israel's lushest region, known for its sunny, temperate climate and its spring-watered lands. Each spring the valleys and slopes became an ocean of wildflowers and blossoming trees. Beginning in March the area was covered by a vast blanket of green. The fertile land was a texture of vineyards and fruit orchards. Grapes, figs, olives, pomegranates, oranges and other fruits flourished in its pleasant, subtropical climate. 1st century AD Jewish historian Flavius Josephus, who knew the area well, wrote this about it:
Roughly speaking everything north and east of the modern city of Haifa was known as Galilee and this most famous region covers an area some 50 miles from north to south and 25 miles east to west. Under the Romans this small area in northern Palestine was a fixed administrative distinct; earlier its boundary was vague and variable. In ancient times, as now, it was Israel's lushest region, known for its sunny, temperate climate and its spring-watered lands. Each spring the valleys and slopes became an ocean of wildflowers and blossoming trees. Beginning in March the area was covered by a vast blanket of green. The fertile land was a texture of vineyards and fruit orchards. Grapes, figs, olives, pomegranates, oranges and other fruits flourished in its pleasant, subtropical climate. 1st century AD Jewish historian Flavius Josephus, who knew the area well, wrote this about it:
Samaria
• Samaria – south of Galilee• Avoided by Jews when they
traveled• Viewed as heretics
• Intermarried with gentiles• Worshipped in own temples on
Mount Gerizim instead of Jerusalem
Judea
• Judea – south of Samaria• Dry hot• Dead Sea to the east• Wilderness to the south• Jerusalem
• Capital• Israel’s kings lived• Holy City b/c of Temple• Sacred to Jews, Christians and
Muslims
Mediterranean Sea
• Mediterranean Sea• All of the known world• West of Palestine
• Jordan River• Flows south through Sea
of Galilee and into the Dead Sea
Town in Palestine during the time of Jesus• Surrounded by walls• Gates locked at night• Guards posted to keep watch
• Market places outside of the walls• Food• Crafts• Conversation – news from
travelers
Political Scene during the time of Jesus• Palestine• Occupied by Rome• Roman Emperors:
• Augustus Caesar• Tiberius Caesar
• Herod – King of Palestine until after Jesus’ birth• Great Builder – rebuilt the Temple• Very cruel
• Killed family b/c afraid of being overthrown
Sons of Herod the Great
Archelaus – ruled Judea and Samaria
- replaced with Roman procurators (Pontius Pilate)
Herod Antipas – ruled GalileeJesus called him “the fox”
Philip – ruled region east of Galilee
Herod the Great
Pontius Pilate
Roman occupation
• Rome• Respected Jewish religious
practice• Jewish men did not have to serve
in the Roman army• b/c they could not mix with gentiles
• Jews resented Romans• Taxes• Laws• Troops• Tax collectors – Jewish men collected
taxes and kept some money
Religious groups
• Pharisees• Large middle class Jews• Loved Torah, law• Added 613 rules to the law• Believed in resurrection and
angels• Jesus scolded them for stressing
outward acts rather than the spirit of love.• Most of the people were Pharisees• Scribes: copied the Scriptures
Sadducees
• Wealthy and powerful leaders• Most priests• Worked with Rome• Did not believe in resurrection• Did not want to add any more
laws
• Sanhedrin• 71 Jewish men• Supreme council• Chief high preiest presided over it• Spiritual leader and almost a
king• Caiaphas - high priest at time of
Jesus• Annas – helped Caiaphas
Essenes
• Men not happy with the way Jewish religion was lived• Seeks a pure life• Lived in desert• Doing penance• Waiting for the coming of God• Jesus was thought to be an Essene
Jesus’ religion
• Prayer • Jews prayed many times in a day
• Before and after eating• Morning and evening
• Shema – • Hear, O Israel, The Lord is our God,
the Lord alone! Therefore, you shall love the Lord, your God,with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your strength.
Temple
• Pilgrimages to Temple:• Passover• Pentecost• Tabernacles
• Temple:• Only place where sacrifices were offered• 20 men needed to open one of its 13 gates• 20,000 people work there• Herod the Great ordered an expansion during Jesus’ time• Rome attacked the temple and destroyed it• Outer western wall all that remains even to today
• Sabbath• The Lord’s Day• Strict day of rest• Synagogues – buildings such as
“churches”• Services said• Center of prayer• Center of education• Center of social life in towns• Scrolls – kept here and read
• The Law• Stated what made someone
unclean or unfit for worshipping• Required a special washing or
reading of Scripture• Touching a sick person• Touching a dead person• Dealing with Gentiles