The World in The World in 16001600

The World in The World in 16001600

-By 1818 controlled an empire with more people in it than all of western Europe.-50 times the population of the American colonies.

British East India British East India Company AgentsCompany Agents

1-E

Coins of the Coins of the British East India British East India

Co.Co.

1719 coin 1804 coin1719 coin 1804 coin 1719 coin 1804 coin1719 coin 1804 coin

Coffee House in Coffee House in British India British India

Sepoy soldiersSepoy soldiers

1-F

-Indian troops paid to fight along side the British.-170 sepoys to 16 Europeans.-Many Indians served in both WWI and WWII as part of the Indian army.

Sir Robert CliveSir Robert Clive

1-G

-Conquered large areas of India and set up administrative posts.-Corporate troops.

Battle of Plassey: Battle of Plassey: 17571757

Battle of Plassey: Battle of Plassey: 17571757

1-H

British East India Company victory over the Nawab of Bengal over the French.-Company rule in South Asia and Indies for the next 100 years!

Why wasWhy wasBritainBritain

so successfulso successfulin Indiain India

by the endby the endof the 18c??of the 18c??

1-I

Sir Warren Sir Warren HastingsHastings

r. 1773 - 1784r. 1773 - 1784

India in mid-18cIndia in mid-18c

Lord CornwallisLord Cornwallis

r. 1786 - 1793r. 1786 - 17931-J

Lord BentinckLord Bentinck

r. 1828 - 1835r. 1828 - 18351-K

British Soldiers in British Soldiers in India, India,

1830s1830s

Outlawing Outlawing SutteeSuttee ((satisati) )

British Opium British Opium Warehouse in Warehouse in

Patna, Patna, India India

Selling Patna Selling Patna Opium in Opium in

ChinaChina

Selling Patna Selling Patna Opium in Opium in

ChinaChina

India: 18c-early India: 18c-early 19c19c

India: 18c-early India: 18c-early 19c19c

Sir Raghubir Singh, Sir Raghubir Singh, Maharaja of BundiMaharaja of Bundi

Sir Raghubir Singh, Sir Raghubir Singh, Maharaja of BundiMaharaja of Bundi

-British East India Company relied on alliances with local Maharajas to help administer the enormous continent.

The Maharaja of The Maharaja of PannahPannah

The Sepoy The Sepoy Mutiny: 1857Mutiny: 1857

2-A

-Seopys rebelled over bullet cartridges greased with pig and cow fat.-Rebellion was crushed by British Government troops.

Areas of the Sepoy Areas of the Sepoy Mutiny, Mutiny, 18571857

Execution of Execution of Sepoys:Sepoys:

“The Devil’s “The Devil’s Wind”Wind”

2-B

1876:1876: Queen Victoria Queen Victoria Becomes Becomes

“Empress of “Empress of India”India”

2-D

Queen Victoria in Queen Victoria in India India

PAX BRITANNICAPAX BRITANNICA

Period of peace in Europe 1815–1914.British Empire controlled most of the key maritime trade routes and enjoyed unchallenged sea power.

Queen Victoria:Queen Victoria: Receiving the Crown Receiving the Crown

of Indiaof India

Sikhs – Bengal Sikhs – Bengal Cavalry of the Cavalry of the British ArmyBritish Army

2-E

1515thth Ludhiana Ludhiana Sikhs, 1889Sikhs, 1889

Assorted British Assorted British Soldiers, Soldiers, 1890s1890s

British Control• Period of rapid economic growth for India.• British Viceroy- Highest government

representative. • Mahrajas: Kept in extreme wealth• Powerful administration: Indian Civil Service• Local Indian Administrators. • Developed infrastructure: Canals, railroads

bridges, steamboats.

A LifeA Lifeofof

Leisure!Leisure!

Br. Viceroy’s Br. Viceroy’s Daughter: Daughter:

Simla, 1863Simla, 1863

Lady Curzon, 1904Lady Curzon, 1904

Living Like a Living Like a MaharajahMaharajah

Durbars

Procession of the Procession of the RajahsRajahs,,

New Delhi, 1902New Delhi, 1902

Darjeeling Railroad, Darjeeling Railroad, 1880s1880s

Victoria Station, Victoria Station, BombayBombay

Chartered Bank of Chartered Bank of Calcutta, 1915Calcutta, 1915

-Under British rule, urbanization increased dramatically.-Upper castes were educated and expected to adopt English attitudes.

British Rule

• Westernization• Modernization• Anglicization

• Became the model for British colonies.

What were the

BENEFITS of British rule in India??

What were the

BENEFITS of British rule in India??

2-F

Benefits

• Mahrahjas had more power and money than before.

• New jobs: opium, tea and cofeee

• Infastructure: Raliroads, hospitals, schools.

2-G

What were the major

LIMITATIONS of British rule

in India??

What were the major

LIMITATIONS of British rule

in India??

Drawbacks

• Lower castes generally suffered under heavy taxes

• Competition from cheap cotton goods, drove local weavers out of business.

• Civil Service open only to British

• Constant local rebellions

• Lack of a ‘safety net’ for the poor

• Racism: pg. 636

the Indian National the Indian National CongressCongress

1885 1885 The Indian National The Indian National CongressCongress was founded in Bombay. was founded in Bombay.

swarajswaraj “independence.” “independence.” ** the goal of the movement. the goal of the movement.

the Muslim Leaguethe Muslim League 1905 1905 partition of Bengal partition of Bengal based onbased on religions and languages. religions and languages.

1906 1906 creation of the Muslim creation of the Muslim League. League.

Mohammed Ali JinnahMohammed Ali Jinnah

1876 - 19481876 - 1948

Young Mohandas K. Young Mohandas K. Gandhi, Gandhi,

18761876

1869 - 19481869 - 1948

Gandhi with the Gandhi with the londonlondon

vegetarian society, vegetarian society, 18901890

Gandhi as a Young Gandhi as a Young Barrister in NatalBarrister in Natal

Gandhi as a Lawyer Gandhi as a Lawyer in in

Johannesburg, So. Johannesburg, So. AfricaAfrica

Gandhi and His Gandhi and His Wife, Kasturba, Wife, Kasturba,

19151915

Gandhi spinning Gandhi spinning clothcloth

Indian weaving was ruined Indian weaving was ruined by the competition of by the competition of British machine-made British machine-made

textiles!textiles!

Gandhi and His Gandhi and His Grandaughters, Grandaughters,

19471947

Last Viceroy of India Last Viceroy of India

Lord Louis & Lady Edwina Lord Louis & Lady Edwina MontbattenMontbatten

Lord Louis & Lady Edwina Lord Louis & Lady Edwina MontbattenMontbatten

PartitionPartition!!