THE WORLD BANK

For more information, please contact Megha Kapoor (mkapoor1@worldbank.org).

Human Development SectorWorld Bank OfficeIndonesia Stock Exchange BuildingTower 2, 12th FloorJl. Jenderal Sudirman Kav. 52 - 53Phone: (021) 5299 3000Fax: (021) 5299 3111

www.worldbank.org/id

www.worldbank.org/id/educationwww.worldbank.org/id/health

world bank indonesia @BankDunia

THE WORLD BANK

Human Development Sector - World Bank Indonesia 1

Contents

Teacher Quality

EDUCATION

Early Childhood Education and Development

Early Childhood Education and Development in Indonesia: Strong Foundations, Later Success ..............6

The Indonesian Early Childhood Education and Development (ECED) Project ..............................................................................................................................................7

The Right Start in Life ....................................................................................................................7A Snapshot of Early Childhood Development in Indonesia .................................8Early Childhood Education and Development in Indonesia:

An Investment for a Better Life.........................................................................................8

Teacher Reform in Indonesia: The Role of Politics and Evidence in Policy Making ...............................................9

Making Better Use of Teachers ................................................................................................10Teacher Certification in Indonesia ........................................................................................10Teachers and Transformative Education Policy in Indonesia ...............................11Transforming Indonesia’s Teaching Force Vol. II ............................................................11Transforming Indonesia’s Teaching Force Vol. I .............................................................11Investing in Multi-grade Teaching in Indonesia ...........................................................11Teacher Early Retirement and Transfer Schemes .........................................................12Inside Indonesia’s Mathematics Classrooms ..................................................................12Transforming Indonesia’s Teaching Force.........................................................................12The Economics of Teacher Supply in Indonesia ...........................................................12Teacher Employment and Deployment in Indonesia ..............................................12

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Skills Development

Contents

Governance and Finance

Preparing Indonesian Youth for Transition ....................13

Education, Training and Labor Market Outcomes for Youth in Indonesia (Policy Brief ) .................................................................................................................................14

Education, Training and Labor Market Outcomes for Youth in Indonesia ...14The Value of Vocational Education .......................................................................................14Vocational Schooling, Labor Market Outcomes, and College Entry ................14

Spending More or Spending Better: Improving Education Financing in Indonesia ..................................15

Implementation of School-Based Management in Indonesia ............................16The BOSDA Improvement Program ...................................................................................16Assessing the Impact of Information Campaigns on Raising Parental

Awareness of the BOS Program .......................................................................................17Making BOS Effective under Decentralization .............................................................18Supporting the BOS Program .................................................................................................18BOS Frequently Asked Questions for Policymakers ...................................................18Supporting the BOS Program .................................................................................................18Making School Based Management Work.......................................................................19School-Based Management, School Decision Making and Education

Outcomes in Indonesia’s Primary Schools ................................................................19Improving Educational Quality Through Enhancing Community

Participation .................................................................................................................................19Enhancing School-Based Mangament in Indonesia .................................................19Local Governance Capacity Assessment Report ........................................................20Local Governance Capacity Assessment Report (Annex) ......................................20Indonesia: Higher Education Financing ............................................................................21Scholarship Programs in Indonesia ......................................................................................21Investing in Indonesia’s Education at the District Level ..........................................21Practical Guidelines for Preparing a Public Expenditure Review for

Education at the District Level .........................................................................................21Investing in Indonesia’s Education .......................................................................................21

Human Development Sector - World Bank Indonesia 3

ICT in Education

The Imperative for Connected Schools in Indonesia .....22

Wapik Success Stories ...................................................................................................................23Support My School Brochure ...................................................................................................23TRIMS Story..........................................................................................................................................23Strengthening EMIS through TRIMS ....................................................................................23ICT in Education Strategy and Implementation Plan for Education

in Papua ..........................................................................................................................................23

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Contents

OTHERS

Manuals and Guidelines

Ramping-Up Education Development in Papua .........................................................25Creativity and Entrepreneurship ............................................................................................25Program Pengembangan BOS Daerah (BOSDA) ..........................................................25Kabar BEC-TF .....................................................................................................................................26Gender Mainstreaming ................................................................................................................26Measuring Student Learning Achievement in Madrasah ......................................26Quality Education in Madrasah ...............................................................................................26Improving Indonesia’s Basic Education Governance ................................................27Climbing the Education Ladder ............................................................................................27

Pengembangan Sistem Monitoring dan Evaluasi Program-Program Pendidikan ....................................................................................................................................28

Pelayanan dan Penanganan Pengaduan Masyarakat (P3M) Berbasis Web dan SMS: Meningkatkan Transparansi dan Partisipasi Masyarakat Melalui TIK ..................................................................................28

Prosedur Operasional Standar - Pelayanan dan Penanganan Pengaduan Masyarakat ....................................................................................................................................28

Modul Pelatihan - Pelayanan dan Penanganan Pengaduan Masyarakat .....28Panduan Operasional Aplikasi Pelaporan & Manajemen Informasi

Sekolah (TRIMS) .........................................................................................................................28Manual Aplikasi BOSDA Formula ...........................................................................................28Panduan Operasional TRIMS Kabupaten/Kota .............................................................29Modul Pelatihan - Penulisan Praktik yang Baik ..............................................................29Panduan Implementasi Program WAPIK ...........................................................................29Panduan Umum Program BEC-TF .........................................................................................29Panduan Penggunaan Hibah Daerah .................................................................................29Panduan Pengembangan BOS Daerah (BOSDA) Berbasis Formula .................29BEC Modules.......................................................................................................................................29

Human Development Sector - World Bank Indonesia 5

Websites

Video (available upon request)

Posters

WAPIK - Wahana Aplikasi Pendidikan dan Informasi yang Baik ..........................30Website BOSDA ................................................................................................................................30

District School Grants (BOSDA) ...............................................................................................31Tool for Reporting and Information Management by Schools (Video) .........31Tool for Reporting and Information Management by Schools

(Interactive Flash) ......................................................................................................................31Improving Education through District School Grants (BOSDA) .........................31Bantu Sekolahku ..............................................................................................................................32CERDAS (Clean Energy Resources to Drive Advances in Schooling) ...............32School Operational Grants (BOS) ...........................................................................................32Early Childhood Education and Development in Bantul .......................................32

Safe Schools ........................................................................................................................................33ECED - Early Childhood Education and Development ...........................................33BOSDA - District School Grant .................................................................................................33Basic Education Capacity ............................................................................................................33WAPIK - Wahana Aplikasi Pendidikan dan Informasi yang Baik ..........................33

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EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT

Early Childhood Education and Development in Indonesia: Strong Foundations, Later SuccessJune 2013

Early Childhood Education and Development in Poor Villages of Indonesia: Strong Foundations, Later Success offers a comprehensive assessment of early childhood health and development for a sample of rural Indonesian children. It does so using longitudinal data collected with internationally validated measures. The data sample comprises two age cohorts (aged 1 and 4 years old when data on their development were first collected in 2009) and contains information on more than 6,000 rural Indonesian children living in 310 poor villages. The study collected information from households on a variety of topics including parenting, child-rearing, and feeding practices. Data on the availability of early childhood education and development (ECED) services were collected as well.

English document links:

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/06/17872548/early-childhood-education-development-poor-villages-indonesia-strong-foundations-later-success

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The Indonesian Early Childhood Education and Development (ECED) ProjectFindings and Policy Recomendations (Policy Brief)October 2012, 6 pages

The Government of Indonesia is pursuing a number of initiatives related to Early Childhood Education and Development (ECED). These include increasing access to early childhood education centers and developing and formalizing holistic integrated ECED. This policy brief provides an overview of the ECED sector and uses findings from an ongoing World Bank-supported ECED project to make preliminary policy recommendations to guide these initiatives. This brief shows that the ECED project has had several positive effects, including increased enrollment rates and higher developmental outcomes for children. The project objectives are to increase access to ECED services among the poor and enhance children’s school readiness. This is done through a package of interventions which are delivered sequentially and include: community facilitation, block grants, and teacher training.

English document links:

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/10/16960151/indonesia-early-childhood-education-development-eced-project-findings-policy-recommendations

Bahasa Indonesia document links:

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/10/16960396/indonesia-early-childhood-education-development-eced-project-findings-policy-recommendations-proyek-pendidikan-dan-pengembangan-anak-usia-dini-ppaud-indonesia-temuan-dan-rekomendasi-kebijakan

The Right Start in Life(Education Update Issue 6)March 2012, 4 pages

English document links:

http://go.worldbank.org/FTHZYP0TQ0

Bahasa Indonesia document links:

http://go.worldbank.org/EUMYR20VQ0

Early Childhood Education and Development

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A Snapshot of Early Childhood Development in Indonesia(Knowledge Brief) December 2010, 4 pages

English document links:

http://go.worldbank.org/S09Z22N910

Bahasa Indonesia document links:

http://go.worldbank.org/YPRW3DPJ10

Early Childhood Education and Development in Indonesia: An Investment for a Better LifeJune 2006, 75 pages

http://go.worldbank.org/I3DV9ZO1Z0

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Teacher Reform in Indonesia: The Role of Politics and Evidence in Policy MakingJanuary 2013

The book features an analysis of the teacher reform in Indonesia which entailed a doubling of the teacher salary upon certification. It provides a description of the political economy context in which the reform was developed and implemented, an analysis of the impact of the reform on teacher knowledge, skills and student outcomes; including a randomized control trial over time with data representative of approximately 50 percent of the country’s primary and junior secondary schools and a time-on-task analysis of a representative sample of classroom teaching practices linked to the TIMSS results and financial implications.

Preview:

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/11 /17018137/teacher-reform-indonesia-role-politics-evidence-based-policymaking

Teacher

Reform

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Making Better Use of TeachersStrengthening Teacher Management to Improve the Efficiency and Equity of Public Spending – Policy BriefNovember 2012, 6 pages

Improving education quality and expanding access to post-basic education will require a better use of the existing resources devoted to education. In the last decade, student-teacher ratios in Indonesia have fallen to levels that are low by international standards because the size of the teacher workforce has grown more rapidly than student enrolment. Existing ratios are below international benchmarks associated with good education quality and recent evidence in Indonesia shows that, at these levels, the relationship with learning outcomes is weak. The impact on the education budget of increased teacher hiring has been compounded by the ongoing teacher certification program. It is important to recognize that improvements to the current distribution of teachers will take time to implement. Many of the re-forms require changes to the way teachers are trained and deployed. In order to do this, the necessary training opportunities and revised regulations on how teaching is organized need to be developed.

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/11/17036945/making-better-use-teachers-strengthening-teacher-management-improve-efficiency-equity-public-spending

Teacher Certification in IndonesiaA Doubling of Pay, or a Way to Improve Learning? (Policy Brief)October 2012, 6 pages

The 2005 teacher law aimed to improve the quality of the Indonesian education system by addressing the weaknesses in teacher competencies, their low motivation and poor levels of pay. A central component of the law was the teacher certification program. The Government of Indonesia and the World Bank are in the process of evaluating the impact of the teacher certification program. This brief provides initial results of this evaluation exercise by analyzing the direct effects that certification may have by changing the motivation and behavior of teachers who become certified and receive the professional allowance. The findings show that certification has led to some positive changes in teacher behavior but these changes have not translated into improved student learning. This program was designed to certify teachers who demonstrated minimum levels of teaching competency. Strong incentives were also introduced which entitled certified teachers to a professional allowance equivalent to their basic pay. Indonesia’s certification program has raised the income levels of teachers and made the teaching profession significantly more attractive. However, differences between the design and implementation of the program have limited the impact of certification on the much needed improvements in teacher quality. The policy brief shows that the academic criteria used to certify teachers have not guaranteed minimum teacher competency levels. Many teachers with university bachelor’s degrees have difficulties with the competency tests that were administered for this study.

English document links:

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/10/16843129/teacher-certificationindonesia-doubling-pay-or-way-improve-learning

Bahasa Indonesia document links:

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/10/16843118/teacher-certification-indonesiadoubling-pay-or-way-improve-learning-sertifikasi-guru-diindonesia-peningkatan-pendapatan-atau-cara-untuk-meningkatkan-pembelajaran

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Teachers and Transformative Education Policy in Indonesia(Education Update Issue 2)March 2011, 6 pages

English document links:

http://go.worldbank.org/5CKO3UE240

Bahasa Indonesia document links:

http://go.worldbank.org/HQIMOC8PG0

Transforming Indonesia’s Teaching Force Vol. IIFrom Pre-service Training to Retirement: Producing and Maintaining a High-quality, Efficient, and Motivated WorkforceApril 2010, 120 pages

English document links:

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2010/04/12272242/transforming-indonesias-teaching-force-vol-2-2-pre-service-training-retirement-producing-maintaining-high-quality-efficient-motivated-workforce

Bahasa Indonesia document (January 2011, 124 pages) links:

http://go.worldbank.org/G87JJ8LST0

Transforming Indonesia’s Teaching Force Vol. IExecutive summaryApril 2010, 36 pages

English document links:

http://go.worldbank.org/LYZOIAHZN0

Bahasa Indonesia document (January 2011, 38 pages) links:

http://go.worldbank.org/2DC840E9C0

Investing in Multi-grade Teaching in Indonesia(Policy Brief) November 2010, 4 pages

English document links:

http://go.worldbank.org/S5D5ST7VM0

Bahasa Indonesia document links:

http://go.worldbank.org/GKVNR1L5F0

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Teacher Early Retirement and Transfer Schemes(Brief)October 2010, 4 pages

English document links:

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2010/10/12893050/teacher-early-retirement-transfer-schemes

Bahasa Indonesia document links:

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2010/10/12893031/teacher-early-retirement-transfer-schemes-skema-transfer-dan-pensiun-dini-guru

Inside Indonesia’s Mathematics ClassroomsA TIMSS Video Study of Teaching Practices and Student Achievement (Policy Brief)October 2010, 4 pages

English document links:

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2010/10/13359308/inside-indonesias-mathematics-classrooms-timss-video-study-teaching-practices-student-achievement

Bahasa Indonesia document links:

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2010/10/13359313/inside-indonesias-mathematics-classrooms-timss-video-study-teaching-practices-student-achievement-di-dalam-ruang-kelas-matematika-di-indonesia-studi-video-timss-tentang-praktek-mengajar-dan-capaian-siswa

A TIMSS Video Study of Teaching Practices and Student AchievementOctober 2010, 108 pages

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2010/01/18127789/inside-indonesias-mathematics-classrooms-timss-video-study-teaching-practices-student-achievement

Transforming Indonesia’s Teaching Force(Policy Brief)April 2010, 4 pages

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2010/04/13433563/transforming-indonesias-teaching-force

The Economics of Teacher Supply in Indonesia(Working Paper)June 2009, 31 pages

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2009/06/10710896/economics-teacher-supply-indonesia

Teacher Employment and Deployment in IndonesiaOpportunities for equity, efficiency, and quality improvement2008, 83 pages

http://go.worldbank.org/M5A4CWNVB0

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SKILLS

DEVELOPMENT

Preparing Indonesian Youth for Transition Issues and Policy Agenda for Senior Secondary EducationDecember 2012, 76 pages

With the globalized economy, well-educated youth will be critical to Indonesia’s

competitiveness in the future. Demand for skilled workers will increase with skill-

oriented technological change. In addition, a large pool of skills also facilitates

knowledge spillover and attracts technology imports. In the past decades, significant

changes of Indonesia’s labor market have already taken place. Non-agricultural

jobs increased significantly, and skilled labor in non-agricultural sector is on higher

demand. In the meantime, higher level professional and managerial jobs have also

increased. In contrast, unskilled, agricultural, and administrative workers are on lower

demand. Overall, the earnings differentials between people with different education

levels are significant. The marginal returns to higher levels of education - senior

secondary or tertiary level - are increasing. How to educate the youth and turn them

into productive labor force and future leaders is closely linked to the country’s future.

This sector report assesses Indonesia’s senior secondary school system from three

angles:

1) How well does the senior secondary education prepare the Indonesian youth for

transition? What are the outcomes? Is there equitable access?

2) How are the senior secondary schools in Indonesia prepared for delivering their

promises? Do they have adequate resources and inputs?

3) How is the system prepared? Are there effective quality assurance mechanisms?

Is the system financing arrangement adequate? The report ends with policy

recommendations.

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/12 /17137408/indonesia-preparing-indonesian-youth-transition-issues-policy-agenda-senior-secondary-education

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Education, Training and Labor Market Outcomes for Youth in Indonesia(Policy Brief)October 2010, 4 pages

English document links:

http://go.worldbank.org/FLLGZ3VJK0

Bahasa Indonesia document links:

http://go.worldbank.org/WHR7MDVI10

Education, Training and Labor Market Outcomes for Youth in IndonesiaOctober 2010, 48 pages

http://go.worldbank.org/1OEP93YWO0

The Value of Vocational EducationHigh School Type and Labor Market Outcomes in Indonesia (Working Paper)September 2009, 42 pages

http://elibrary.worldbank.org/content/workingpaper/10.1596/1813-9450-5035

Vocational Schooling, Labor Market Outcomes, and College Entry(Working Paper)January 2009, 27 pages

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2009/01/10164014/vocational-schooling-labor-market-outcomes-college-entry

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AND FINANCing

Spending More or Spending Better: Improving Education Financing in Indonesia March 2013,, 118 pages

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/03/17536528/indonesia-spending-more-or-spending-better-improving-education-financing-indonesia

English document links (Extended Summary):

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/03/17537927/spending-more-or-spending-better-improving-education-financing-indonesia-vol-2-2-extended-summary

Bahasa Indonesia document links (Extended Summary):

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/03/17538007/spending-more-or-spending-better-improving-education-financing-indonesia-vol-2-2-belanja-lebih-banyak-atau-belanja-lebih-baik-memperbaiki-pembiayaan-pendidikan-di-indonesia-ringkasan-utama

English document links (Policy Brief ):

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/03/17537371/spending-more-or-spending-better-improving-education-financing-indonesia

Bahasa Indonesia document links (extended summary):

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2013/03/17537427/spending-more-or-spending-better-improving-education-financing-indonesia-belanja-lebih-banyak-atau-belanja-lebih-baik-memperbaiki-pembiayaan-pendidikan-di-indonesia

The report is divided into two parts. The first three chapters show that the vast increase in education resources has not been accompanied by a similar increase in learning outcomes, and thus highlight the urgent need to improve the quality of spending.The second part of the report focuses on how to improve the quality of spending in order to continue expansion and improve learning outcomes.

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Implementation of School-Based Management in IndonesiaSummaryDecember 2012, 36 pages

As part of a broad decentralization of governance responsibilities to districts, the Indonesian government adopted school-based management (SBM) principles through regulations in 2003. To further encourage more school autonomy, a grant program to schools, the School Operational Assistance program (Bantuan Operasional Sekolah or BOS), was established in 2005.The study was carried out in 2010 and 2011, and this summary provides a succinct account of the status of SBM implementation in Indonesia. It is based on face-to-face surveys of principals, teachers, school committee members, and parents in 400 elementary schools; surveys of district staff in 54 districts; and case studies in a subsample of 40 schools.

English document link:

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/12/17172431/indonesia-implementation-school-based-management-indonesia

Bahasa Indonesia document link:

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/12/17991581/indonesia-implementation-school-based-management-indonesia-pelaksanaan-manajemen-berbasis-sekolah

The BOSDA Improvement Program Enhancing Equity and Performance through Local School Grants (Policy Brief)June 2012, 6 pages

The School Operational Assistance program (BOS), initiated by the Ministry of National Education in 2005, and provides basic education schools with block grants.The aim of the school grants program, allocated on a per-student basis is three-fold; to improve access to and raise the quality of basic education, reduce the financial burden for students and to support school based management reforms. Grants have supported the purchase of goods and services meant to enhance educational quality (e.g. texts and library books, teaching-learning materials, teacher professional development activities, and remedial learning) and have reduced the need for schools to seek funds from parents to cover these expenditures. The positive relationship between BOSDA programs and learning outcomes suggests that regional governments should be encouraged to introduce and allocate more resources through BOSDA type programs.

English document link:

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/05/16366403/bosda-improvement-program-enhancing-equity-performance-through-local-school-grants

Bahasa Indonesia document link:

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/05/16388246/bosda-improvement-program-enhancing-equity-performance-through-local-school-grants-program-pengembangan-bosda-meningkatkan-keadilan-dan-kinerja-melalui-bantuan-operasional-sekolah-daerah

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Assessing the Impact of Information Campaigns on Raising Parental Awareness of the BOS Program(Policy Brief)June 2012, 6 pages

The School Operational Assistance program (BOS), initiated by the Ministry of Education and Culture in 2005, and provides basic education schools with block grants.The program has strengthened school planning and budgeting processes and has begun to open these up to parental and community oversight. Given the traditionally passive role which parents play in school activities and management, compounded by a lack of information about school affairs, this clearly represents a fundamental reform of education in Indonesia. This brief assess the impact of information campaigns on improving parental awareness about the BOS program.

English document link:

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/06/16537456/assessing-impact-information-campaigns-raising-parental-awareness-bos-program

Bahasa Indonesia document link:

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/06/16537459/assessing-impact-information-campaigns-raising-parental-awareness-bos-program-mengkaji-dampak-kampanye-informasi-pada-meningkatnya-kesadaran-orang-tua-terhadap-program-bos

Governance and Financing

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Making BOS Effective under Decentralization (Policy Brief)December 2011, 6 page

English document link:

http://go.worldbank.org/PSEMX4WCX0

Bahasa Indonesia document link:

http://go.worldbank.org/ONA3AKFY30

Supporting the BOS Program (Education Update Issue 1)November 2010, 4 pages

English document link:

http://go.worldbank.org/X3IHWJCCB0

Bahasa Indonesia document link:

http://go.worldbank.org/3ZQBGOL5F0

BOS Frequently Asked Questions for PolicymakersOctober 2010, 4 pages

English document link:

http://go.worldbank.org/VTXDN4NAA0

Bahasa Indonesia document link:

http://go.worldbank.org/413RIB8EB0

Supporting the BOS Program (Newsletter)September 2010, 4 pages

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2010/03/12819815/indonesia-basic-education-capacity-trust-fund-bec-tf-first-edition

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Making School Based Management Work(Education Update Issue 4)October 2011, 4 pages

English document link:

http://go.worldbank.org/LQUA1I97M0

Bahasa Indonesia document link:

http://go.worldbank.org/G3B96TD7M0

School-Based Management, School Decision Making and Education Outcomes in Indonesia’s Primary Schools(Working Paper)September 2011, 37 pages

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2011/09/15118122/school-based-management-school-decision-making-education-outcomes-indonesian-primary-schools

Improving Educational Quality Through Enhancing Community ParticipationResults from a Randomized Field Experiment in Indonesia (Working Paper)September 2011, 50 pages

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2011/09/15034996/improving-educational-qualitythrough-enhancing-community-participation-resultsrandomized-field-experiment-indonesia

Enhancing School-Based Mangament in Indonesia(Policy Brief)March 2011, 4 pages

English document link:

http://go.worldbank.org/RZ35BTX4O0

Bahasa Indonesia document link:

http://go.worldbank.org/UXNWEOX090

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Governance and Financing

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Local Governance Capacity Assessment Report Governance Matters to Education OutcomesDecember 2010, 82 pages

English document link:

http://go.worldbank.org/3A4NCHBGD0

Bahasa Indonesia document link:

http://go.worldbank.org/GSR0O5RVV0

Local Governance Capacity Assessment Report AnnexDecember 2010, 210 pages

English document link:

http://go.worldbank.org/REU7M6WKO0

Bahasa Indonesia document link:

http://go.worldbank.org/IC7066ZX40

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Indonesia: Higher Education Financing(Policy Brief)October 2010, 4 pages

English document links:

http://go.worldbank.org/KOUV8PVB30

Bahasa Indonesia document links:

http://go.worldbank.org/GCLY1XVCD0

Scholarship Programs in IndonesiaPast, present and futureOctober 2009, 35 pages

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2009/10/12106395/programs-indonesia-past-present-future

Investing in Indonesia’s Education at the District LevelAn Analysis of Regional Public Expenditure and Financial ManagementFebruary 2009, 65 pages

English document links:

http://go.worldbank.org/P2V8FKA2M0

Bahasa Indonesia document links:

http://go.worldbank.org/R1Z8VLNPC0

Practical Guidelines for Preparing a Public Expenditure Review for Education at the District LevelPedoman Praktis untuk Menyusun Kajian Pengeluaran Publik untuk Pendidikan di Tingkat Kabupaten2009, 48 pages

Investing in Indonesia’s EducationAllocation, Equity, and Efficiency of Public Expenditures (Vol. 2 of 2) Main ReportJanuary 2007, 61 pages

English document links:

http://go.worldbank.org/53VYKAOE90

Bahasa Indonesia document links:

http://go.worldbank.org/TTF3U1OAO0

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ICT

in Education

Research conducted by the World Bank has demonstrated that the Internet can connect the Ministry of Education and Culture (MoEC) and schools throughout the archipelago. Up to 95 percent of schools are currently within affordable reach of at least low-speed Internet connectivity, enabling email, messaging, and downloads of limited size. Use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) can lead to improved information management at the national, district, and institutional levels, which will also benefit educators and students. Increased communication and information sharing can help improve low-performing schools, while digital curriculum resources and distance education can help low-capacity educators. All of the ingredients are in place to make this happen in Indonesia.

English document links:

http://go.worldbank.org/IQDIF1JNG0

English document links:

http://go.worldbank.org/67TDIEJPJ0

The Imperative for Connected Schools in Indonesia(Policy Brief)January 2012, 4 pages

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Wapik Success Stories“WAPIK memberikan inspirasi pembelajaran Inovatif”February 2013, 20 pages

http://www.wapikweb.org

Support My School Brochurehttp://bantusekolahku.kemdikbud.go.id

TRIMS Story(Kabar BEC-TF Edisi 4)March 2012, 6 pages

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2012/03/16255082/basic educationcapacity- trust-fund

Strengthening EMIS through TRIMSLesson Learned dari Berbagai Kabupaten dan KotaJanuary 2012, 4 pages

http://wapikweb.org/bec/publications/detail/trims-tool-forreporting-and-information-management-by-schools

ICT in Education Strategy and Implementation Plan for Education in PapuaOctober 2010, 100 pages

English document link:

http://go.worldbank.org/0F11KMOSX0

Bahasa Indonesia document link:

http://go.worldbank.org/QGVGR1OTJ0

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ICT in Education

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25Human Development Sector - World Bank Indonesia

20122013

Ramping-Up Education Development in PapuaEducation Update Issue 7March 2013, 6 pages

Creativity and EntrepreneurshipEducation Update Issue 5January 2012, 4 pages

English document link:

http://go.worldbank.org/XWYB8KFCI0

Bahasa Indonesia link:

http://go.worldbank.org/ZGU13WFD20

Program Pengembangan BOS Daerah (BOSDA)Alokasi yang Lebih Berkeadilan dan Berbasis KinerjaJanuary 2012, 4 pages

http://wapikweb.org/bec/publications/detail/program-pengembangan-bosda-bos-daerah

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26 Human Development: Publications and eProducts Catalog - July 2013

Quality of Educationin Madrasah

Main Study

Kabar BEC-TF 3rd EditionSeptember 2011, 4 pages

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2011/09/16187131/indonesia-basic-education-capacity-trustfund-bec-tf-third-edition-meningkatkan-tata-kelola-pendidikan-dasar-di-indonesia-edisi-3

Gender Mainstreaming(Education Update Issue 3)July 2011, 4 pages

English document link:

http://go.worldbank.org/MS4090MAN0

Bahasa Indonesia document link:

http://go.worldbank.org/RB2ZMKEVW0

Measuring Student Learning Achievement in MadrasahFindings from the study Quality Education in Madrasah (Brief)February 2011, 4 pages

English document link:

http://go.worldbank.org/TSALK4ZHE0

Bahasa Indonesia document link:

http://go.worldbank.org/ER4DQBZBM0

Quality Education in MadrasahMain StudyFebruary 2011, 172 pages

English document link:

http://go.worldbank.org/MSYSGTDKW0

Bahasa Indonesia document link:

http://go.worldbank.org/L51234C870

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Measuring Student Learning Achievement in Madrasah

This policy brief arises from a national study which measured the learning outcomes of Year 9 Madrasah students in Maths, Science, English and Bahasa Indonesia together with the influence of student, family and school background factors.

Why was the QEM study conducted? Madrasah constitute an established, and still

growing, sub-sector in education. Because of

their history, they are more prevalent in ru-

ral and disadvantaged areas – the very areas

where the most strategic effort will be re-

quired to achieve national goals for participa-

tion and quality. These are also the areas with

the lowest achievement on both international

tests and national exams and therefore in

most need of education intervention.

Furthermore, in an era of increased account-

ability, parents, community and government

want information about the academic out-

comes of Madrasah which they expect to de-

liver high quality education, both religious

and academic.

Overview of the studyThe purpose of the study was to investigate the

quality of education using international-style

tests of achievement and to examine the rela-

tionship between achievement and school and

home background factors.

Instruments Four tests of academic achievement. The

Maths and Science tests each comprised 30

multiple choice items and included link items

from Program for International Student As-

school uniforms to ensure that these are

not made more important than provision

of resources for learning and home study.

4. The QEM study highlights the relationship between higher student performance and the provision of good infrastructure, qualified personnel and learning resourc-es. This has implications for how schools,

local and national governments allocate

and manage resources. It also underscores

the importance of monitoring and target-

ing funds to areas of need.

5. Efforts to ensure the provision of quali-fied teachers and principals must become more urgent and more strategic. The high

wages cost and the inefficient distribution

of qualified teachers are difficult to address

in a decentralised environment. Continuing

positive dialogue and policy development

are needed on redeployment, multigrade

teaching and dual subject specialisation

as being efficient and educationally sound

strategies for ensuring that students have

qualified teachers.

What can principals and teachers do right now, without extra financial resources, to lift the performance of Madrasah students?

1. Principals and teachers can promote high expectations. Through parent meetings

and formal and informal communications

with community they can continually raise

awareness of the role of high expectations

and home study resources for success in

learning. In regular school assemblies

and class meetings, teachers can promote

and discuss role models and “heroes” to

encourage students to have high expec-

tations and believe that they can achieve

their goals. Schools should review their

practices in grade repetition as this gen-

erally has more negative than positive im-

pacts on performance.

2. Principals can take a stronger education-al leadership role within their schools by:

making regular visits to teachers in their

classrooms; observing and providing feed-

back on teaching practice; assisting teach-

ers to develop effective lesson plans and

regular assessment including provision of

meaningful feedback to students, to estab-

lish good homework habits and to develop

positive classroom environments.

3. Teachers can enhance boys’ and girls’ variable performances in English, Bahasa

Indonesia and Science. Through the school

level curriculum development process,

teachers can investigate gender differ-

ences in performance and develop activi-

ties such as extra reading time with appro-

priate and interesting materials for boys,

debating and public speaking in English as

well as Bahasa Indonesia, develop science

activities related to girls’ interests and

consider establishing single sex classes in

these subjects for a period of time.

4. Principals and School Committees can discuss and prioritise BOS expenditure for

educational equipment and teaching and

learning resources, especially library books

and science equipment. This may be more

effective than hiring additional teachers.

Teachers may need support in the effective

use and management of new resources.

5. Principals and School Committees can develop an annual and longer term devel-opment plan (3 – 5 years) to improve the

condition of their school through regular

building maintenance and systematically

increasing resources. This process should

be guided by school self-evaluation against

the requirements for school accreditation

and district plans for meetings the MSS.

School supervisors have an important role

in supporting this planning process.

What can the local and national gov-ernment do to lift the performance of madrasah?

1. Commit to regular monitoring of Madrasah

school performance and school conditions

by supervisors and district-level officials,

supplemented by annual or bi-annual na-

tional sample based monitoring of Ma-

drasah.

2. Prioritise and support school-based in-ser-

vice professional learning which focuses on

classroom practice.

3. Strengthen leadership programs for prin-

cipals to ensure they can provide effective

pedagogical leadership in their schools.

4. Review the plan for upgrading teachers’

and principals’ qualifications and ensure

that all Madrasah have a critical mass of

qualified teachers and all schools have a

qualified principal.

5. Review teacher deployment and appoint-

ment practices to ensure Madrasah in dis-

advantaged areas have sufficient qualified

teachers.

6. Identify regional and district patterns in

education resourcing and expenditure and

formulate intervention plans to equalise

learning opportunities.

The main QEM study was a collaborative venture led by AusAID and co-funded by the Basic Education Capacity Trust Fund administered through the World Bank, which also provided logistical and communications support. The study was overseen by the Director-General for Islamic Educa-

tion in the Ministry of Religious Affairs. All technical aspects of test development, sampling, test procedures and analyses were the responsibility of the Australian Council of Educational Research. Implementation, field monitoring, cultural and educational advice was

provided by the Indonesian University of Education (UPI) at Bandung. Preparation of this document received partial funding from the European Commission and the Kingdom of the Netherlands under the

supervision of the World Bank. The findings, interpretations and conclusions expressed in this paper do not necessarily reflect the views of the Government of Indonesia, the World Bank, the Government of the Netherlands or the

European Commission. For more information please contact Mae Chu Chang, mchang @worldbank.org; or Sheila Town, stown@worldbank.org.

Human Development Sector World Bank Office, JakartaIndonesia Stock Exchange Building Tower 2, 12th Floor

Jl. Jenderal Sudirman Kav. 52-53Phone: (021) 5299 3000 Fax: (021) 5299 3111

Findings from the study: Quality of Education in Madrasah (QEM) 2010

* Madrasah Tsanawiyah - Islamic Junior Secondary School

Student Achievement Tests

Quality of Education in Madrasah

Measured By Sample

Students’ view of theirschooling experience

1. Mathematics achievement test2. Science achievement test3. Indonesian achievement test4. English achievment test5. Student background

characteristics assessment

6. School Life Questionnaire 7. Principal Interview Schedule8. School Inventory

50 Madrasah Tsanawiyah in

Western Indonesia

50 Madrasah Tsanawiyah in

Java

50 Madrasah Tsanawiyah in

EasternIndonesia

6.233 �nal year students

Schools meetingMinimum Service Standards

sessment (PISA), Trends in Mathematics and

Science Study (TIMSS) and the International

Benchmark Tests of Mathematics. The Eng-

lish test was adapted from the Competency

in English as a Foreign Language Assessment

(CEFLA) which is a reading comprehension test

in English. The Bahasa Indonesia test was spe-

cifically developed for the study.

Prepared by the Education Unit, World Bank IndonesiaBased on Mohammad Ali, Julie Kos, Petra Lietz, Dita Nugroho, Furqon, Asmawi Zainul, Emi Emilia,

2010“Quality of Education in Madrasah: Main Study”, joint publication of AusAID and World Bank Indonesia.

DIAGRAM 1

Summary of Findings a Across the 3 regions, student achievement in Maths, Science and English was well below the

international average on items drawn from international tests such as the Programme for In-

ternational Student Assessment (PISA) and the Trends in International Mathematics and Sci-

ence Study (TIMSS).

a Positive correlations were found between student achievement and home-background factors

such as level of resources, including books and study resources in the home, students’ aspira-

tions and parents’ level of education.

a School factors associated with higher performance included the qualifications and profession-

al practice of teachers and principals, the number of resources in the school and the amount of

instruction and homework. While school size appeared to be significant, it was not school size

per se that made the difference, but the association of increased size with factors such as more

resources, more qualified teachers and better facilities.

a There were some gender differences in achievement which are

common across many countries: girls performed better than

boys in the language tests (English and Bahasa Indonesia)

and boys performed better than girls on Science.

There was no gender difference in Maths

performance.

School Life Questionnaire. This measures

students’ perceptions and attitudes about

schooling – relationships with teachers, rel-

evance of schooling to their future, sense of

achievement, feelings of self-worth and the

social integration of the school. The question-

naire is widely used in international programs

as a measure of the affective domain of educa-

tion.

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27Human Development Sector - World Bank Indonesia

2010

8 Improving Indonesia’s Basic Education GovernanceOctober 2010, 16 pages

English document link:

http://wapikweb.org/bec/publications/detail/basic-education-capacity-trust-fund

Bahasa Indonesia document link:

http://wapikweb.org/bec/publications/detail/basic-education-capacity-trust-fund

Climbing the Education Ladder (Indonesia Rising: Policy Priorities for 2010 and beyond)January 2010, 6-page brief

English document link:

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2010/01/12012773/climbing-education-ladder

Bahasa Indonesia document link:

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/2010/01/12012813/climbing-education-ladder-mendaki-tangga-pendidikan

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28 Human Development: Publications and eProducts Catalog - July 2013

2013

Pengembangan Sistem Monitoring dan Evaluasi Program-Program PendidikanModul PelatihanMarch 2013, 180 pages

Pelayanan dan Penanganan Pengaduan Masyarakat (P3M) Berbasis Web dan SMS: Meningkatkan Transparansi dan Partisipasi Masyarakat Melalui TIKMarch 2013, 6 pages

Prosedur Operasional Standar - Pelayanan dan Penanganan Pengaduan MasyarakatMarch 2013, 32 pages

Modul Pelatihan - Pelayanan dan Penanganan Pengaduan MasyarakatMarch 2013

Panduan Operasional Aplikasi Pelaporan & Manajemen Informasi Sekolah (TRIMS Sekolah)March 2013, 86 pages

Manual Aplikasi BOSDA FormulaMarch 2013, 28 pages

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Manuals and Guidelines

29Human Development Sector - World Bank Indonesia

7

Panduan Operasional TRIMS Kabupaten/Kota March 2013, 54 pages

Modul Pelatihan - Penulisan Praktik yang BaikFebruary 2013, 56 pages

Panduan Implementasi Program WAPIKFebruary 2013, 27 pages

Panduan Umum Program BEC-TFMeningkatkan Tata Kelola Pendidikan Dasar di IndonesiaJanuary 2012, 78 pages

http://wapikweb.org/bec/publications/detail/panduan-umum-program-bec-tf

Panduan Penggunaan Hibah Daerah(L-BEC Grant)January 2012, 122 pages

http://wapikweb.org/bec/publications/detail/regional-grant-usage-guidelines

Panduan Pengembangan BOS Daerah (BOSDA) Berbasis FormulaJanuary 2012, 32 pages

http://wapikweb.org/bec/publications/detail/panduan-pengembangan-bosda-berbasis-formula

BEC Modules(7 Modules)December 2010, 7 sets (including CD ROM)

http://wapikweb.org/bec/modules

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30 Human Development: Publications and eProducts Catalog - July 2013

WEBsites

2011

521

WAPIK - Wahana Aplikasi Pendidikan dan Informasi yang BaikOctober 2011

WAPIK or Wahana Aplikasi Pendidikan dan Informasi yang Baik is an online forum for sharing good practices among educators and educational staff, and an open source application that allows contributors to register and submit articles and videos to the editing dashbord prior to upload. WAPIK is a platform for exchange of ideas on education management, governance and teaching and learning.http://www.wapikweb.org

Website BOSDAInformation about local school grants (BOSDA), including introduction to formula-based application and how to use it, publications and articles.http://www.wapikweb.org/site/bosda

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31Human Development Sector - World Bank Indonesia

Videos

District School Grants (BOSDA)Documentary VideoMarch 2013

Documentary video including stories about school grants (BOS), introduction to BOSDA, and stories from the BOSDA pilot.

Tool for Reporting and Information Management by SchoolsDocumentary VideoMarch 2013

Documentary video including an introduction of TRIMS and stories from districts champions.http://bos.kemdikbud.go.id

Tool for Reporting and Information Management by SchoolInteractive FlashFebruary 2013

Interactive flash on TRIMS, including the TRIMS application, trouble-shooting, how to use TRIMS, training modules, publications and news.

Improving Education through District School Grants (BOSDA)Animation VideoFebruary 2013

Animation on what is formula-based BOSDA and how to use it.

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2013

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32 Human Development: Publications and eProducts Catalog - July 2013

Bantu SekolahkuDocumentary VideoJanuary 2013

Bantu sekolahku aims to encourage the public, education community, local governments and Ministry of Educaton and Culture personnel to report on critical needs within schools to enable MoEC to record and address those needs.

CERDAS (Clean Energy Resources to Drive Advances in Schooling)Documentary VideoJanuary 2013

School Operational Grants Testimonial VideoJuly 2012

Documentary video on BOS beneficaries’ testimonials from Yogyakarta, Aceh, and Bitung.

Early Childhood Education and Development in BantulDocumentary VideoNovember 2012

Documentary video about a day in an early childhood education center in Bantul.

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6

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33Human Development Sector - World Bank Indonesia

Ketersediaan�Informasi�untukPelibatan�Pemangku�Kepentingan

PROGRAM*BEC-TF

ISU* Tata Kelola Pendidikan

* 5 Bidang Strategis

DONOR* Komisi Eropa

* Kerajaan Belanda

Publikasi dan

Media

transparansi dan

akuntabilitas

sistem pengendalian manajamen

efisiensi penggunaan sumber daya

standarisasi layanan

pendidikan

sistem manajemen informasi

posters

Safe SchoolsPosterFebruary 2013

Information on safe and energy efficient schools.

ECED (Early Childhood Education and Development) InfographicNovember 2012

A visual snapshot of ECED in poor villages of Indonesia

BOSDA (District School Grant)January 2012

A series of posters (5 versions) about District School Grants,includes definition, formula, and steps on BOSDA.http://www.wapikweb.org/site/bosda/news/news_detail/test-publikasi.php

Basic Education CapacityJanuary 2012

A series of posters on the Basic Education Capacity Trust Fund program, including topics such as grant mechanism, transparency and accountability, access to information, and stakeholder participation.

WAPIK - Wahana Aplikasi Pendidikan dan Informasi yang BaikOctober 2011

A series of posters (14 versions) about WAPIK or or Wahana Aplikasi Pendidikan dan Informasi yang Baik is an online forum for sharing good practices among educators and educational staff. WAPIK is a platform for exchange of ideas on education management, governance and teaching and learning.http://www.wapikweb.org

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