The World Agroforestry Centre’s commitment to low emission land use planning – What has been learnt?

Suyanto, Andre Ekadinata and Sonya DewiOn behalf of LUMEN team (ICRAF)

Commitment from the Indonesian government

Biggest emission in Indonesia comes from land-based sector (SNC 2010). Indonesia’s 2005 per capita emissions (7.9 t CO2).

Emission is reduced as much as 26% by 2020 with independent through unilateral programme and 41% with international support

Target of 7% economic growth is achieved

By Presidential Decree No. 61, signed on 20 September 2011, titled, National Action Plan to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions (Rencana Aksi Nasional Penurunan Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca/RAN-GRK), all provinces must develop plans to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions (Rencana Aksi Daerah Penurunan Emisi Gas Rumah/RAD-GRK)

The World Agroforestry Centre’s commitment to low emission land use planning • The RAD-GRKs had to be submitted by each district and province to the national government by

September 2012, implemented, monitored, evaluated, reported, reviewed and revised• There is an urgent need to strengthen local governments’ capacities and develop simple tools to

support negotiation process to develop plan among government, communities, the private sector and civil society

• ICRAF has already worked with some district governments to develop a methodology called Land-Use Planning for Low Emissions Development Strategies (LUWES) that links land-cover changes (1990–2010, with 26 categories of land cover across Indonesia), carbon stocks and economics. Software called Abatement Cost Curve Analysis for REDD (ABACUS) has also been developed that estimates emissions under user-defined zonation, simulates policy scenarios, projects future emissions and analyses opportunity costs.

• To be most effective, the methodology will also need extra elements to cover adaptation to climate change, impacts on local climate, maintenance of watersheds and ecological buffers, and sustainable rural livelihoods. The revised version of LUWES has been tentatively titled Land-Use Planning for Development with Multiple Environmental Services (LUMENS).

Sites

ParCiMonLAMA-I

LAMA-I

GE-LAMA-I

GE-LAMA-I

MACF

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF

• Framework, guided steps, and tools for local stakeholder to negotiate a land-based development strategy for sustainable landscape.

• Accommodate ‘what if’ scenarios and trade-off analyses as a basis for negotiations

• Assist the formulation of action planning from negotiation process of multiple stakeholders

• Educational tools for concept and application of reducing emission from land-based sectors at the local level

Land Use planning for Land-Use Planning for

Multiple Environmental Sevices

LUMENS FRAMEWORK AND APPLICATION

Farmers, local people

Environmental services users

Private sectorsGovernment Agreement,cooperation,

co-investment

Multiple agenda

Negotiation

process

Drivers

B1. Incentive structure through policy change (tax, subsidy etc)

A2. LU rights (e.g. community forest mngmnt)

B2. PES and conditional ES incentives

Response/ feedback options

Biodiversity, Watershed functions, GHG emissions,

Landscape beauty

Actors/ agents

Land use/coverchanges

Conse-quences &functions

Livelihoods, provisioning & profitability

A1. Land use policies, spatial development planning

Rights-based approaches

Economic incentives

Van Noordwijk, M., B. Lusiana, G. Villamor, H. Purnomo, and S. Dewi. 2011. Feedback loops added to four conceptual models linking land change with driving forces and actors. Ecology and Society 16(1): r1. [online] URL: http://www.ecologyandsociety.org/vol16/iss1/resp1/

• Top down process

• Lack of recognition of ecological processes

• Conservation and development are not intergated

• Often do not use suitable data & information

• Unclear land tenure

LAND USE PLANNINGSTEREOTYPE

LUMENSKEY FEATURES

Scientifically sound

Simple interface

Easy-to-interpret

Spatially explicit

Scenario simulation

0

25

50

75

100

0 25 50 75 100TECI (%)

Ha

bita

t Pro

po

rtio

n(%

)

23.53 %

T1: 2005

Degree of Integration of Focal Area (DIFA)

DIFA changes between T1-T2 : 12.61%

0

25

50

75

100

0 25 50 75 100TECI (%)

Ha

bita

t Pro

po

rtio

n(%

)

12.92 %

T2: 2010

Land Cover

2005Loss to

Logged over

ForestEmission of

CarbonSegregation

of tree habitat

LUMENSOBJECTIVES

Empowerment of multi-stakeholder negotiation

processes for planning sustainability landscapes that

can support:

livelihoods developments ES maintenance /

enhancement

LUMENSPRINCIPLES

informed inclusive integrative

PURPlanning Unit Reconciliation

QUESQuantification ofenvironmental services

TATrade-off analysis

SCIENDOScenario simulation anddevelopment

LUMENSMODULES

KEY FEATURES • OBJECTIVES • PRINCIPLES • MODULES • SOFTWARE • DEVELOPMENT• I/O

Pre-QUES Land use change analysis

QUES-C Carbon accounting

QUES-H Hydrological assessment

QUES-B Biodiversity assessment

Pos-QUES Co-benefit and interdependency

QUESSUB-MODULES

PUR • QUES • TA• SCIENDO

“EXPLORE MULTIPLE SCENARIOS”• NPV as an indicator• Opportunity cost curve• Co-benefit among ES• Costs and benefit of providers vs users

of ES

FURTHER DEVELOPMENT• I/O tweaks• Regional economy indicators• Food security indicators

ID Land cover NPV ($/ha)1Undisturbed Forest 0.004Timber Plantation 4392.335Agroforest 1040.006Estate 4948.678Cropland 25418.00

11Settlement 5787.00

Transition Probability Matrix

opportunity cost curve

PUR • QUES • TA• SCIENDO

TAOPPORTUNITY COST

Bring lesson learn and preliminary

result to province level

Raise local awareness

Build strong network at

prov. and nat.

Identify key stakeholders

Working group at district levelDevelop draft of

protocol for Monitoring and

Evaluation

Develop LUMENS software and

manualss

Collect sec. and prim. data

Test comm.based monitoring

Test protocol of M&E

Increase local cap. In

LUMENS

Identify relevant regulation, potential

stakeholders and initiative

Finalize comm. Based monitoring

Finalize M&E protocol using participative

approach

Develop district level strategy

Conduct public consultation at

district level

LUMEN: BEST PRACTICE

Phase 1: Initiating and developing multistakeholder collaboration platform

• Stakeholder and institutional mapping

• Develop working group structure and function

• Outcome mapping approach to build common vision and identify capacity building needs

Technical Team Formulate mitigation action plan (including

baseline and mitigation target); Design MER system; Develop selected mitigation actions

Integrate climate mitigation action plan and its monitoring system into local government structure ; Develop policies to support low carbon development ;Communicate mitigation action plan with the key stakeholders , elites, and leaders

Steering Committ

ee

Legalize the mitigation action plan; enforce the monitoring system; provide political

support for the mitigation actions

Policy Team

Bring lesson learn and preliminary

result to province level

Raise local awareness

Build strong network at

prov. and nat.

Identify key stakeholders

Working group at district levelDevelop draft of

protocol for Monitoring and

Evaluation

Develop LUMENS software and

manualss

Collect sec. and prim. data

Test comm.based monitoring

Test protocol of M&E

Increase local cap. In

LUMENS

Identify relevant regulation, potential

stakeholders and initiative

Finalize comm. Based monitoring

Finalize M&E protocol using participative

approach

Develop district level strategy

Conduct public consultation at

district level

Workflow in Building Technical Capacity

Phase 2: Developing technical competency in land use planning for multiple environmental services

• Training in carbon + biodiversity measurement, emission calculation, trade-off analysis, scenario building

• Collaborative efforts in data collection

• Developing monitoring and evaluation system using local context

Bring lesson learn and preliminary

result to province level

Raise local awareness

Build strong network at

prov. and nat.

Identify key stakeholders

Working group at district levelDevelop draft of

protocol for Monitoring and

Evaluation

Develop LUMENS software and

manualss

Collect sec. and prim. data

Test comm.based monitoring

Test protocol of M&E

Increase local cap. In

LUMENS

Identify relevant regulation, potential

stakeholders and initiative

Finalize comm. Based monitoring

Finalize M&E protocol using participative

approach

Develop district level strategy

Conduct public consultation at

district level

Workflow in Building Technical Capacity

Phase 3: Develop land use planning strategy

• Identified baseline and potential options

• Analyze ex-ante impacts • Analyze trade-off• Develop strategy document

Bring lesson learn and preliminary

result to province level

Raise local awareness

Build strong network at

prov. and nat.

Identify key stakeholders

Working group at district levelDevelop draft of

protocol for Monitoring and

Evaluation

Develop LUMENS software and

manualss

Collect sec. and prim. data

Test comm.based monitoring

Test protocol of M&E

Increase local cap. In

LUMENS

Identify relevant regulation, potential

stakeholders and initiative

Finalize comm. Based monitoring

Finalize M&E protocol using participative

approach

Develop district level strategy

Conduct public consultation at

district level

Workflow in Building Technical Capacity

Phase 4: Share, synergize and mainstream strategy into policy context

• Conduct public consultation on land use planning strategy

• Seeking synergy with local development plan and other initiatives

• Mainstream land use planning strategy into policy discussion

Thank You