THE WAR GAMEby Charles Grant

MOVEMENTLine InfantryIn line 6In line and ring 4In column 7 Charging 9Light InfantryAt all times 7 Heavy CavalryNormal 9Battle move 12 (for each period of rest)Charge 18Light CavalryNormal 12Charge 18ArtilleryTeam 6Manhandle 1WagonsAll types 6BargesUp River 6Down River 9Canal 7

MOVEMENT AND TERRAINHill contoursUphill moves for all troop types are halvedOn the level all moves are normal.Downhill gives no distance advantage but note the impetus when charging.Scenic TerrainAll movement is halved.WoodsLine infantry half moveLight infantry normalHeavy cavalry no movementLight cavalry no movementArtillery/Wagons no movementSwamp/marshInfantry only, in open order at half move distance.Rivers/streamsIf fordable, infantry and cavalry take 2 moves while artillery and wagons take 4 moves.BuildingsMaximum garrison of seven infatry gures per building section

RANGESMusketryLine 18Light 18ArtilleryBall 60Canister 24Howitzer 20 to 50

ESTABLISHMENTSLine Infantry 5 ocers and 48 rank-and-leLight Infantry 3 ocers and 24 rank-and-leGarrison Infantry 4 ocers and 24 rank-and-leHeavy Cavalry 3 ocers and 24 rank-and-leLight Cavalry 3 ocers and 24 rank-and-leEngineers 4 ocers and 24 rank-and-leArtillery Battery 3 ocers and 10 rank-and-le (2 guns)Barges 3 rank-and-le

MUSKETRYPlayers throw dice to determine who res rst in a mutual exchange. When the decision is a draw the ring is simultaneous. The rer throws one dice for each group of 6 rers and deductions are made for range and cover as follows:RANGE NORMAL VOLLEY FIRST VOLLEY Open Cover Open Cover0 to 6 2 3 1 26 to12 3 4 2 31 to18 4 5 3 4

Each target group is numbered 1 to 6 and dice are throw (one for each casualty caused) to determine which men are hit. In this way a gure may be hit more than once. If ring has not been simultaneous, the side to re second does so replying with those gures left after removing the casualties inicted on him.

LIGHT INFANTRY MUSKETRYLight infantry re as individuals using a single dice for each gure ring.Firing at organised bodies of troops (in to the brown).Range 0 to 9 5 or 6 killsRange 9 to 18 6 killsFiring at specially selected individuals (picking o ocers etc).Range 0 to 9 6 killsRange 9 to 18 Cannot be done except for mounted ocers when 6 killsFiring at line infantry in cover (in houses, behind walls or earthworks)Range 0 to 9 6 kills (no picking o)Range 9 to 18 nilLight infantry ring at light infantry:In the open 0 to 9 5 or 6 kills.9 to 18 6 kills.In cover0 to 9 6 kills.9 to 18 nil

THE CHARGEInfantryInfantry may only charge if they are in column, they may however move a normal move to contact. In the latter case they get none of the advantages of the charge. Rules for this are covered separately.

In column, the head of the column, that is the front rank, are moved directly forward to make contact with the enemy. The two men from each ank of the second rank are moved forward and outwards to meet the enemy to either side of the original column, while the centre men close up behind the centre of the column. Similarly, one man from each ank of the third and fourth rank is moved outwards and forwards, the centre men closing up to their front and behind the remaining column up to the full extent of the 9 move.Firing at a charging unit.An advancing unit is red on each move until the move in which the charge comes to contact. On this occasion, both sides throw a single dice. If the defender wins he res at close range; if the attacker wins he comes to contact without receiving a volley.CavalryCavalry may only use the charge to contact the enemy.Heavy cavalry must complete the whole 18 move in a straight line. There will be no wheeling.Light cavalry may wheel through 45 deg. only in the rst 6 of the charge move.There will be no change of formation during the charge.There will be no change of formation on striking the enemy in the rst move to contact.

MLEMle occurs when two sides are in base contact either as a result of one or both sides charging or coming in contact within a normal move. The mle is resolved by throwing dice for each individual combat in the following manner:1 inf vs 1 inf: straight throw, highest wins 2 inf vs 1 inf: add 50% of 1 die for the 2 inf1 cav vs 1 cav: straight throw 1 cav vs 2 inf: cavalry doubles throw1 cav vs 2 inf: straight throw 1 cav vs 3 inf: infantry add 50% to throw of one die1 cav vs 2 cav: latter adds 50% to throw of one dieIt is not possible for the same troop types to ght more than 2 to1.In all cases the higher throw (or score) wins.Before mle can take place in a building, each attacker must rst dice to see if they can break in. A 4, 5 or 6 means they have been successful, and can ght on equal terms. A 1, 2 or 3 means they remain outside and the occupants gain the +2 bonus. The attacker always requires the 4, 5 or 6 to enter, even if a particular section of wall appears undefended. Advantages in mleCharging +1Attacking downhill +1Heavy cavalry against Light +1Infantry behind a wall +1Attacking exhausted troops who have had only one move of rest (see Exhaustion) +1Attacking exhausted troops who have had no rest +2Defending in a house against an attacker outside +2The second move of mleThe rst move of mle is quite formal, whether infantry vs. infantry, infantry vs. cavalry or cavalry vs. cavalry, there is little scope for independent movement. Musketry and artillery casualties inicted by the defending unit which is contacted count towards the mle.

In the second move, however, the combat is free owing. If both sides stand and continue the mle for a second move, then each throws a single die to determine who moves rst. The winner may move 4 gures of infantry or 2 of cavalry into contact with the enemy. Once contacted, a gure is pinned, and may not be moved. The other side then does the same, moving 4 gures of infantry and so on until all that can move to contact within the normal move distance have done so. The aim of each side will be to get as many advantageous combats as possible (that is 2 to 1). This mechanical system represents what is in reality a simultaneous owing together of the two sides.

The second move of mle is conducted as the rst except that the charging impetus of +1 is lost.Duration of mleA mle will last no more than 2 moves unless it is taking place in a built-up area, in which case it can continue for a further move. This is because fewer troops will actually be engaged at one time because of the deles.Deciding the outcome of a mleThe outcome of a mle may be decided by one of the following ways:First move If one side loses twice the casualties of the other side including those casualties inicted by artillery and musketry, then it must withdraw on the next move. If any casualties have been inicted then the side in question must test for morale. If the result is bad, the unit must withdraw in the next move.Second move If one side loses twice the casualties of the other in the mle then it must withdraw on the next move. If either side has bad morale then that side must withdraw on the next move. If neither of the above factors apply, then the result is a draw. In this case both sides will retire unless one is a defender who has written orders to hold ground.Actions after a mleeUnits that have had two moves of mle and have drawn the combat will fall back two normal moves and will then rest a further two moves before being allowed to take part in further oensive action. They may defend themselves of attacked.

If a unit is attacked by fresh troops during their four moves of exhaustion (two of retreat and two of rest) the attackers add 2 to each individual combat throw if the move is immediately following the ghting moves of the exhausted side, and 1 to each throw if the exhausted side has had a clear move without combat. If ghting is continued for another move, the additions are increased to 3 and 2 respectively.Heavy cavalry versus infantryIf heavy cavalry charge infantry who are formed less than 4 ranks deep, they may actually ride down the men and burst through.

Each cavalry gure moving up to contact throws one die. 3 ranks deep: throw of 5 or 6, breaks through. 2 ranks deep : throw of 4, 5 or 6, breaks through.

In the event of a breakthrough, the front gure is removed as a casualty. The second and third rank gures are moved back and to the side a total of 3. The horsemen continue through to the extent of their charge move to contact another enemy if possible. They may veer up to 30 degrees to do this.

MORALEThe morale of a unit is based on three factors. These are:

Command and control Losses in action The imponderable

Command and Control is based on the number of ocers and supernumeraries present. Each is worth a certain number of points:

Line infantryMounted Colonel 2Four other ocers/NCOs 1 eachTOTAL 6

Light infantryMounted Colonel 3Two other ocersthe rst at 2the second at 1TOTAL 6

CavalryColonel 3Two other ocersthe rst at 2the second at 1TOTAL 6

Losses in action aect morale as follows: One sixth of original rank & le strength lost: -1 point One quarter of original rank & les strength lost: -2 points On half of original rank & le strength lost: see 50% ruleThe imponderable is determined by the throw of one ordinary die. Morale is calculated by the following:Command Points - Points for Losses + Throw of 1 die. If the result is 6 or better the morale is good, the unit continues with its task. If the result is less than 6 the morale is bad! The unit must fall back or behave as follows: If it is actually at grips, in a mle with the enemy, it breaks o the struggle and makes a complete move the rear. If it is advancing, or stationary and ring, it remains halted on the following move and cannot re.

Once a unit has incurred a bad morale it must be tested on each successive move until it rallies or ees the eld, but on each of the ensuing moves the requirement to rally increases by 1, i.e. 7, 8, 9 and then 10, after which it is considered dispersed.

The 50% RuleWhen any unit is reduced to 50% or less of its rank and le it must break o from whatever it is doing and move directly to the rear in the next move. It will play no further part in the action.The exceptions are:-1. If it takes place in the rst move of mle it may complete the second move of the mle.2. If occupying houses, the unit may remain in the houses.

Generals rallyA general may rally a retiring unit (unless it is at 50% or less) by moving to the unit and attaching himself to it. When he reaches the unit a single die is thrown to see how many moves it will take before the unit is t for action. Once this happens, the General may not leave the unit during the battle.

The save throw for ocersBecause the number of ocers in each units organisation do not fully represent the total ocers and NCOs in an actual unit and because they were so important to a units morale in action, a saving throw is used. When an ocer is hit in combat or from enemy re, the player may throw a single die to save him. If he throws a 5 or 6 he is saved and continues in the battle; on a 1-4 he is dead and is removed.

ARTILLERYRoundshot (ball red from cannon)Roundshot range is 60 inches.A measuring stick is used made from square rod and calibrated in inches. Around the stick is wrapped a 4 long sliding scale sleeve made of card. The stick is positioned on the line of re from the gun to target and the sleeve moved until it is over the desired target. Two dierently-coloured dice are thrown; one is designated plus and the other minus. The sleeve is moved towards or away from the target according to the dierence in scores of the two dice. There is no movement of the sleeve if the throws are equal. The heads of gures covered by the sleeve are then diced for as follows to determine if they are casualties:Range0-24 3, 4, 5 or 6 kills24-36 4, 5 or 6 kills36-48 5 or 6 killsRange 48-60 6 killsEach gure is thrown for individually

Counter-battery reCounter-battery re uses the system above except that when working out the eect on the gun it is done as follows:If the gun is under the sleeve a single die is thrown and the result from 1 to 6 is noted. When the accumulated total reaches 10, the gun is reduced to ring on alternative moves. When 20 is reaches the gun is destroyed.Because of the reduction in velocity with distance however, damage is reduced by 1 from 36 to 48, and by 2 at 48 or more.

CanisterThe canister device is explained and illustrated at annex A.The device is placed with its apex at the muzzle of the gun.Figures within the device are diced for as follows:Near 4, 5 or 6 killsMiddle 5 or 6 killsFar 6 kills

Howitzer (shell)Howitzer range is 20 to 50. The centre of impact is worked out using the Shell Burst Indicator (SBI) which is shown at annex A. The SBI has 5 sectors numbered 2 to 6. The centre sector is numbered 6 and the outer sectors clockwise from 5 to 2.The ring procedure is to place the SBI on the chosen target with the centre section over the point of aim and with the 5 section furthest from the gun. A die is thrown to show area of impact (1 is a misre). Dice are then thrown for the eect of each gure within the sector in which the shell impacted. A 1,2 or 3 has no eect while a 4,5 or 6 kills. It can be seen from the above that with the device a 5 is an overshoot, a 3 an undershoot and 2 and 4 are errors to the left and right. Nevertheless, casualties still occur if troops are in the particular sector.

For counter-battery re the procedure and accumulation of hits is as for roundshot.

Roundshot eect on housesWhen a house is hit by roundshot a single die is thrown with the following results:

Die roll

Range 1 and 2 3 4 5 6

0-36 No penetration PenetratesKills 1Stops

PenetratesKills 1Stops

PenetratesKills 2

Goes on

PenetratesKills 3

Goes on

36-48 No penetration No penetration PenetratesKills 1Stops

PenetratesKills 2

Goes on

PenetratesKills 2

Goes on

48-60 No penetration No penetration No penetration PenetratesKills 1Stops

PenetratesKills 1Stops

Houses are destroyed by an accumulation of hits on the target until a total of 20 points are achieved using the above table in the same manner as with counter-battery re. At this point, the body of the house is removed to leave a ruined shell.

With howitzer re the same accumulated score system is used but the eect and casualty systems are dierent. The SBI is placed on the house if that is the target and a die is thrown to see if a hit has been achieved. If a hit on the house occurs then a second die is thrown to determine the eect:

Throw of 1,2 or 3 no casualties4 1 killed5 2 killed6 3 killed

In addition to determining the number of men lost, the hits are added as for roundshot to determine the eect on the house. (This includes 1, 2 and 3 which count towards damage although killing no men. When the total reaches 10 the house is set on re. All the troops in the house must leave retiring at least 3 away from the re. The house will burn for 15 moves during which time no troops may move within 3 of the house.

When a house is in 2 sections there is a strong chance that the second section will catch re. In each move that the rst section burns a die is thrown to see if the second section catches: 3, 4, 5 or 6 means that the second section catches re: 1 or 2 it does not.Model ames are placed on the building for the duration of the re. At the end of the 15 moves the ames are removed as is the building to reveal the ruins.

SUPPLEMENTARY RULES FOR GRENADIERSMusketryGrenadiers re in groups of 4, instead of the usual line infantry groups of 6. A volley from a full grenadier regiment consists then of 12 groups as opposed to te 8 from the ordinary line infantry.MleIn hand to hand ghting the throw of a grenadier is always increased by 1, substantially increasing his ghting capability.MoraleNo reduction to the Morale Index for rank and le casualties is made until the losses have reached 25% (i.e. 12 men have fallen), when 1 is deducted from the throw for morale.