The War at Home and Overseas WORLD WAR I. Explain and analyze the expansion of federal powers. ...
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Transcript of The War at Home and Overseas WORLD WAR I. Explain and analyze the expansion of federal powers. ...
Explain and analyze the expansion of federal powers.
Analyze and evaluate the ongoing tension between individual liberty and national security.
Explain how American society has been impacted by the entry of more women, minorities, and immigrant workers into the labor force.
OBJECTIVES
The U.S. is taking great strides to prepare for war.Americans are:1. Rationing food 2. Rationing
gasoline3. Enlisting in
military4. Buying liberty
bonds
All of these steps are being taken to prepare for total war.
This is where all of the resources of the country are being used for the war effort.
MOBILIZATION FOR TOTAL WAR
War Production
Many young men are leaving to go overseas and fight the war.
Women and many African Americans will fi ll the jobs that are left by soldiers.
As a result of this new role women will gain ground in their push for equal rights.
AS A RESULT INDUSTRY IS BOOMING
MORE TOTAL WAR
Fuel Administration War Labor BoardThe nation had to
control the price and supply of coal and oil.
We needed all the energy we could get for production.
Everything was geared towards the war Effort.
A twelve member board of business and government offi cials.
Arbitrated Labor disputes during the War to ensure steady production.
Civil Liberties
These are the basic rights of citizens.For example:Freedom of SpeechFreedom of ReligionFreedom of the
Press
National Security
This is the overall security and safety of the country.Safety from foreign
aggression.Safety from
domestic terror.The overall war
effort is an effort to keep us safe from Germany.
MORE CONFLICT AT HOME
Espionage Act
Prohibited interference with the war and insubordination in the military.
We needed soldiers so the government made this law in the name of National Security.
Sedition Act
Simply an expansion of the Espionage Act
Forbade profane or scurrilous language about the U.S. Government
LAWS THAT AFFECTED CIVIL LIBERTIES DURING THE WAR
Espionage Act
June 15, 1917Prohibited
attempt to interfere with military operations
to support U.S. enemies during wartime
to promote insubordination in the military
to interfere with military recruitment
CIVIL LIBERTIES V NATIONAL SECURITY
Charles SchenckSchenk was printing and distributing to draftees leaflets opposing the draft.
He challenged the Espionage Act on the grounds of free speech but the court upheld the law and ruled against him.
Charles Schenck
CIVIL LIBERTIES V NATIONAL SECURITY
Schenck v U.S.
Charles Schenck was publishing pamphlets against the draft.
The Supreme Court upheld the Espionage Act deciding that Schenck represented a “clear and present danger.”
Which right is being limited here?
CIVIL LIBERTIES V NATIONAL SECURITY
During a time of war:
Citizens are often expected to contribute to the war effort.
Constitutional rights sometimes restricted.
Expanding Government Power
Committee on Public Information Controlled what kind of
information is distributed to the public (propaganda).
Espionage Act Limits what people can
do and say if it hurts the war effort (clear and present danger).
WHAT DO WE LEARN FROM THIS?
Wilson’s Fourteen Points Speech
encompassed war aims(goals) and a general guideline for a post-war order and frontiers(borders)
This was meant to bring a peaceful end to the war and establish order in a post-War Europe.
League of NationsInternational
Peacekeeping organization called for in Wilson’s Fourteen Points.
ENDING THE WAR
Armistice
November 11, 1918Germany agrees to a
“cease fire” ending the war.
This gives the allies the unoffi cial victory over Germany.
ENDING THE WAR