The Virginia Colony: Growth & Changes

SOL VS 4a – 4d

Jennifer Amores-Kalich / Sugarland Elementary

Vocabulary “pre-view” and Review

Agriculture - the business of farming, includes raising animals and growing crops.

Plantation - a very large farm where almost everything needed is made, grown, or raised on the plantation owner’s land.

Labor - to do work , or the people who do the work.

Money - a medium of exchange ; currency which includes coins and paper bills

Vocabulary “pre-view” and Review

Barter - trading or exchanging goods & services withoutusing money

barter

Economy - the basis of making money & earning moneyrelated to the resources & goods people want

Vocabulary “pre-view” and Review

Profit - money that you earned & have after all expenses are paid

By 1618, there were several settlements along the James River.

Jamestown, the first permanent settlement, was not the only areainhabited by the English. Places like Henrico, Charles City, and Elizabeth City spread further along the James River.

How did the arrival of more settlers & the growth of settlements affect the Indians?

The Powhatan Indians introduced their tobacco to the first English settlers

This tobacco was very strong. It was too harsh for the English.

John Rolfe tried to blend the Powhatan tobacco plant with another type of tobacco plant from the Caribbean Islands.

Now this new, combined type of tobacco was much smoother & milder…

it was exactly what the English wanted.

The American Lung Association wants to know, “Are you smoke-free?” We hope so!!!The American Lung Association wants to know, “Are you smoke-free?” We hope so!!!The American Lung Association wants to know, “Are you smoke-free?” We hope so!!!

Tobacco was used as ______

… but growing tobacco was not easy nor was it free.

Since the economy of the colony depended on agriculture as a primary source of wealth, Africanswere used as an inexpensive form of labor.

Cash Crop – a crop that is grown to sell for money, not for personal use.

money

African Slaves inside a ship

Since tobacco was the most successful and profitable crop, England demanded more tobacco.

Large numbers of Africans from West Africa were brought against their will to work as slaves on plantations.

The Virginia colony became very _______________ on slave labor.dependent

True or False:

Agriculture in Virginia had a strong influence on the growth of slavery.

TRUE

Cause & EffectCause & Effect Cause & Effect

“cash crop”Corn

Gold & Silver

Tobacco

ApplesTOBACCO !

The success of tobacco changed life in the colony…

Explain how?

Life in the Virginia colony was changed by …

England demanded more tobacco to be grown and shipped back to England.

More settlers grew tobacco since tobacco was a powerful bartering item.

More Africans were brought to the colony against their will. There was an increase in the demand for slaves since farmers could make more money using slave labor.

The Virginia colony became dependent on this inexpensive form of labor. This dependency lasted for a very long time.

However… not all tobacco farmers became wealthy plantation owners.

Vocabulary “pre-view” and Review

Credit - buying a good or service now, but paying for it later

Debt - goods or services owed to another person

Saving - money put away to keep or to spend at a later time

I. O. U.

3 eggs2 sacks of flour

forroof repair

The price of tobacco dropped in England ... Cause & Effect

Some tobacco farmers in Virginia didn’t make as much of a profit as they thought they would ...

Cause & Effect

The farmers had to get supplies on credit and they fell deeper & deeper into debt ...

Cause & Effect

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Most people bartered for the goods and services they needed & wanted. For example, a tobacco farmer would trade his

tobacco for new farming tools, or he could barter tobacco for fabric so his wife can make clothing.

It was very common for people to “buy” goods & services on credit, then pay later after their crops were harvested & sold.

What do you think would happen if a farmer’s crops did not produce enough tobacco, or if his crops were bad?

Remember:

Colonial Virginia had no banks.

Debt !Debt !

Debt !

Vocabulary “pre-view” and Review

culture - the way of life of a group of people ; includes beliefs, traditions, and customs.

architecture - styles of buildings and structures

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Modern architecture

Roman architecture

Eventually, other Europeans began to settle in Virginia:

Germans and Scotch-Irish

Examples of cultural landscapes from the English, American Indians, Germans, Scotch-Irish, and Africans include:

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Different cultural groups settled in different areas:

Germans & Scotch-Irish English & Africans

Germans

& Scotch-Irish

Shenandoah Valleyalong migration routes

English & Africans

Tidewater & Piedmont

Africans settled mainly where the agriculture economyneeded farm labor

The name Roanoke is an example of a place reflecting the culture of the _____________

English German

American Indian Scotch-Irish

Roanoke

Richmond

The name Richmond is an example of a place reflecting the culture of the _____________ English German

American Indian Scotch-Irish

American IndianEnglish

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Appalachian or Allegheny Plateau Region

Piedmont & Tidewater Regions

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Migration and living in new areas caused people to ______

old customs to their new ________________ .

adapt

environment

The _________ of Virginia reflected American Indian,

African, and ___________ origins.

culture

European

Although Virginia was a colony of England, Virginia developed a unique culture different from England’s.

How did the relationship between the Virginia colony and England change over time?

There were also changes for the capital of the colony . . .

from Jamestown to ___________Alexandria Leesburg

Ashburn Williamsburg

Reasons for moving to the new capital:

more flat land and swamps

too many people smoked tobacco

drinking water was contaminated

Nathaniel Bacon decided to move it

dirty living conditions caused diseases

the new capital was on a higher elevation

many wooden buildings in Jamestown were destroyed

Williamsburg

Again, there were more changes for the next capital of the colony . . .

from Williamsburg to ___________Arlington Sterling

Hampton Richmond

Reasons for moving to the new capital:

more flat land and swamps

higher mountain ranges

more people moved westward

burning of Williamsburg by Nathaniel Bacon

better central location for trade since it is on the Fall Line

increased the distance if British troops were to attack during the American Revolution

Richmond

Can you earn an “A” on this QUICK REVIEW ?

Tobacco was a cash crop since it was the most profitable agriculture product and many farmers used tobacco as money. T or F

Africans were used as slaves first, then given the choice to be indentured servants. T or F

Whenever people settle an area, they change the landscape to reflect the beliefs, __________ , and architecture of their ___________ .customs culture

Describe the geographic factors that influenced the reasons for moving the Virginia capital twice.

Jamestown to Williamsburg = higher elevation, better living conditions (water & land), and many buildings in Jamestown were destroyed by fire

Williamsburg to Richmond = population was moving westward, Richmond was in a more central location & on the Fall Line, and the longer distance from the east coast would be safer from British attacks during the American Revolution

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