Urinary system. Urinary System Consist of: Kidneys Ureters Bladder Urethra.
The Urinary System. Kidney Functions (1) Your kidneys filters your blood daily, allowing urinary...
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Transcript of The Urinary System. Kidney Functions (1) Your kidneys filters your blood daily, allowing urinary...
![Page 1: The Urinary System. Kidney Functions (1) Your kidneys filters your blood daily, allowing urinary excretion of toxins, metabolic wastes, and excess ions.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062722/56649f285503460f94c41762/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Urinary System
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Kidney Functions (1)
• Your kidneys filters your blood daily, allowing urinary excretion of toxins, metabolic wastes, and excess ions
• Kidneys also regulate the volume and chemical makeup of the blood
• Kidneys maintain homeostatic balance between water and salts, and acids and bases
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Associated excretory organs & functions (2)
• Urinary bladder – urine reservoir
• 2 ureters – urine transportation to bladder from kidneys
• Urethra – urine transport from bladder to outside world
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Tissue layers supporting the kidney (3)
• Renal capsule – fibrous capsule that prevents kidney infection
• Adipose capsule – fatty mass that cushions the kidney and attaches it to the body wall
• Renal fascia – outer layer of dense fibrous tissue that anchors the kidney
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Major parts of the kidney and their function (4)
• Cortex - the light colored, granular superficial region
• Medulla - exhibits cone-shaped medullary (renal) pyramids
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Major parts of the kidney and their function (4) continued
• Renal pelvis - flat, funnel-shaped tube lateral to the hilum within the renal sinus
– A hilum is part of an organ where structures such as blood vessels and nerves enter.
– The hilum of kidney is the medial depression for blood vessels and ureter to enter the kidney chamber
• (admits the renal artery, vein, ureter, and nerves)
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Urinary infections (5) UTIs
• Pyelitis - Acute inflammation of the pelvis of the kidney, caused by bacterial infection.– the renal pelvis, the central part of the kidney
is where urine accumulates before discharge.
– It is more common in women than in men.
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Pyelonephritis• pyelonephritis is when a urinary tract infection
has reached the pyelum (pelvis) of the kidney
• Symptoms include:
• Loin pain, often severe
• Fever and shivers
• Blood-stained urine
• Foul-smelling and cloudy urine
• Painful and frequent urination
• Nausea and vomiting
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Volume of blood filtered daily (6)
• 200 liters!
• The kidneys filter the body’s entire plasma volume 60 times each day
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Parts of the nephronParts of the nephron (7) A normal kidney contains 800,000 to one million nephrons
• Renal corpuscle consists of
• Glomerulus – a tuft of capillaries associated with a renal tubule
• Bowman’s capsule – a cup-like sac that houses the glomerulus
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Glomerulus inside Bowman’s capsule together called Renal Renal CorpuscleCorpuscle
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Renal Tubule
• PCT - Proximal convoluted tubule – reabsorbs water and solutes from filtrate & secretes substances into it
• Loop of Henle – part of the PCT that is hairpin shaped
• DCT - Distal convoluted tubule – functions more for secretion than reabsorption
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Renal Tubule continuedCollecting tubule and collecting Collecting tubule and collecting ductduct
• Receive filtrate from many tubules giving a striped appearance
• As collecting ducts reach renal pelvis, fuse to form large papillary ducts
• Ducts deliver urine into minor calyces via papillae of pyramids
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