The University of Sydney School of Physics Annual Report 2006€¦ · Laurence Field Sky and Space...

The University of Sydney

School of Physics Annual Report 2006

Contents

1 HEAD OF SCHOOL REPORT

2 TEACHING HIGHLIGHTS

3 PRIZES & SCHOLARSHIPS

4 OUTREACH REPORT

5 HONOURS REPORT

5 STAFF AWARDS

6 SCIENCE FOUNDATION FOR PHYSICS

8 RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS

9 APPLIED AND PLASMA PHYSICS

10 BRAIN DYNAMICS GROUP

12 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS(INSTITUTE OF ASTRONOMY)

14 THE CENTRE FOR ULTRAHIGHBANDWITH DEVICE OPTICAL SYSTEMS (CUDOS)

15 COMPLEX SYSTEMS

17 CONDENSED MATTER THEORY

19 ASTEROSEISMOLOGY GROUP

19 HIGH ENERGY

20 INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL PHYSICS

21 QUANTUM INFORMATION THEORY

21 SYDNEY UNIVERSITY PHYSICSEDUCATION RESEARCH (SUPER)

22 OVERVIEW OF PUBLICATIONS

The 3.9m Anglo-Australian Telescope observing the daylight sky for measuring the

5-minute oscillations in the scattered spectrum of the Sun.

© The School of Physics, The University of Sydney 2006. All rights reserved.

SCHOOL OF PHYSICS ANNUAL REPORT 2006

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BY ANY MEASURE 2006 HAS BEEN an outstanding year forthe School. The fact that, in addition to about 20 teaching andresearch academic staff, there are nearly 80 research-onlyacademic staff and more than 100 postgraduate studentsundertaking research degrees, mostly PhDs. is testimony toour strong research culture. There are about 20 students inthe Medical Physics postgraduate coursework program, andnearly 1000 undergraduate students studying physics,including 25 honours students. It is very pleasing that ournumbers remains strong and that the student learningexperience is continuing to be tested and improved. A featureof our research success is that we are able to incorporateresearch experiences at all levels of the undergraduateprogram, via the talented student program, senior physicsspecial projects and, of course, honours projects. The pursuitof excellence in teaching and research is the essence of theSchool’s strategic goal.

Awards to our staff and students are another measure ofsuccess. In 2006, Professor Ben Eggleton was awarded thePawsey Medal (for outstanding research in Physics in Australiaby a scientist less than 40 years of age), and Alex Argyros wasawarded the Bragg Medal (for best physics PhD thesis). Bothare prestigious national awards by the Australian Institute ofPhysics. The Charlene Heisler Prize for best PhD on anastronomical topic was won by Michael Ireland. A CarrickAward for Excellence in Teaching was presented to Dr ManjulaSharma and Dr John O’Byrne received the Harry Messel Awardfor Excellence in recognition of his contributions to the School,particularly in relating to teaching and outreach. Also, EmeritusProfessor Bernard Mills was awarded the 2006 Reber Medal forhis outstanding contribution to radio astronomy.

The School has continued to be stunningly successful in itsresearch activities. We now have five ARC Federation Fellows(Professors Marcela Bilek, Ben Eggleton, Bryan Gaensler,Peter Robinson and Catherine Stampfl), five ARC ProfessorialFellows (Professor Iver Cairns, Ross McPhedran, DonMelrose, Elaine Sadler, Sergey Vladimirov) and four QEIIFellows (Drs Scott Croom, Andrew Hopkins, Kostya Ostrikov,Peter Tuthill), which is a wonderfully impressive record. Also,at the end 2006 we heard that Alex Samarian has beenawarded a QE II fellowship, and Peter Tuthill a secondfellowship, both to commence next year. The Schoolwelcomed Dr Boris Kuhlmey to a continuing lectureship inphotonics, which he has deferred until his present fellowshipfinishes. This year also marked the retirement of PaulFerguson, who looked after lecture demonstrations for theSchool for almost 14 years.

Head of School's ReportBRIAN JAMESASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, PHYSICSHEAD OF SCHOOL

This is also a good time to be successful with competitivegrants and fellowships as the Research Quality Frameworkassessment due to take place in 2008. Projects andinfrastructure grants of more than $10 million were awarded tostaff members via ARC and NH&MRC competitive grantsunder several different schemes.

With many new staff there has been increasing pressure oninfrastructure. In preparation for the rationalisation of theScience Libraries to form a new SciTech library in 2008, thePhysics library was amalgamated with the Chemistry,Biochemistry and Geosciences libraries in the MadsenBuilding. The floor in the Annexe vacated by the library hasbeen approved for redevelopment as office space, to becompleted in 2007.

This year saw another successful Science Teachers’Workshop, in July, and a strong effort of outreach for highschool students under the Kickstart program. Elsewhere inthis report is our list of Scholarship and Prizewinners for 2006.Again, we have had an excellent cohort in the TalentedStudent Program and a strong group of outstanding studentswho have won awards from the Faculty of Science as well asbeing recipients of Physics awards.

The newly appointed external advisory board met twice in2006 and provided excellent advice and suggestions onstrategic directions for the School. While the School is seen tobe progressing well overall, it is clear that links with industryand industry experience opportunities for students needfurther development.

2006 marks the last year of my four-year term as Head ofSchool. I inherited a School in excellent shape, and wasfortunate to be Head at a time when the Schoolunambiguously asserted its leading position in AustralianPhysics. For this opportunity I put on record my gratitude tostaff and students, for their support. Finally, with my bestwishes for the future, I hand over to the next Head of School,Associate Professor Anne Green.

ARC Federation Fellows (L to R), Professors Ben Eggleton, Marcela Bilek,

Catherine Stampfl and Bryan Gaensler


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Undergraduate student numbers in 2006 showed a small butsustained overall growth, with particularly significant increasesin the higher years. Numbers in each year, averaged over thetwo semesters and counting just the mainstream physicscourses, were as follows:

Junior 690

Intermediate 135

Senior 68

Honours 25

Junior physics: The web-based tutorial and assignmentscheme known as Mastering Physics has been well receivedby first year students. This scheme, developed by PearsonEducation in conjunction with their Physics textbook, wastrialled in 2004 and adopted more widely in 2005 and 2006.There are plans to extend it further in 2007 to include the firstyear astronomy course.

Intermediate physics: 2006 was the second year of the new6 credit point structure for Intermediate Physics, with one 6CPunit in first semester and two in second semester, one ofwhich is optional. Student satisfaction with this new structureis very high, especially the strong links between the lecturecourses and computational labs in optics and quantumphysics.

Senior Physics: Introduction of the 6CP system to SeniorPhysics in 2006 went smoothly, with students liking theflexibility of subject choices. A record number of 50 studentsdid special projects with research groups in the School as partof their senior assessment.

Teaching Report 2006PROFESSOR RICHARD (DICK) HUNSTEADCHAIR, ACADEMIC PROGRAMS COMMITTEE

Honours Students: A record 25 students completed honoursin 2006, with three receiving the University medal: ChristineLindstrom, Jamie Vahn and Myles Cover. The Australian Instituteof Physics (NSW Branch) prize and the Shiroki Prize for the besthonours project both went to Christine Lindstrom.

Talented Student Program : As in previous years, researchgroups across the School offered mini projects in secondsemester to Junior and Intermediate students in the TalentedStudent Program. The response was phenomenal, with 44students doing project work in place of part of their laboratorycourse. Staff were especially impressed with the high standardof the student talks and reports. Many of the TSP studentscontinued with their research projects as summer vacationscholars leading, in several cases, to joint authorship on journalpublications.


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The following students were awardedprizes or scholarships in 2006 based ontheir academic achievements in 2005.

UNDERGRADUATE

JUNIOR PHYSICSLevey Scholarship No 1 for PhysicsAaron Hayward

School of Physics–Julius SumnerMiller Scholarship No 1Andrew DarmawanElie Matar

School of Physics OutstandingAchievement ScholarshipCameron Cuthbert

Science Foundation for PhysicsScholarship No 1Joel WallmanThomas ChungMatthew NicholsHarrison SwiftKarrnan Pathmanandavel

Smith Prize in Experimental PhysicsLaurence Field

Sky and Space Prize for AstronomyLent Johnson

INTERMEDIATE PHYSICSSchool of Physics–Julius SumnerMiller Scholarship No 2Lisa TorlinaBenjamin Fulcher

Science Foundation for PhysicsScholarship No 2Jonathan SunThomas GrujicSahan DasanayakaJuliana KwanRahmi JacksonAaron Yap

The Slade Prize for Practical PhysicsLisa Torlina

The Geoffrey Builder-AWA PrizeScott Jones

SENIOR PHYSICSDeas-Thomson ScholarshipChristine Lindstrom

The Walter Burfitt Scholarship No 2for PhysicsJamie Vahn

School of Physics–Julius SumnerMiller Scholarship No 3Jamie VahnPo Chia Chen

Science Foundation for PhysicsScholarship No 3Daniel YardleyMichelle RigozziKevin AquinoTherese AuDean Hillan & Myles Cover (shared)

The WIB Smith PrizeChristine Lindstrom

The Malcolm Turki MemorialScholarshipDean Hillan & Myles Cover (shared)

HONOURSShiroki Prize for the Best HonoursProject in PhysicsDane Austin

Australian Institute of Physics (NSWBranch) PrizeJames Roberts & Matthew Verdon(shared)

Henry Chamberlain Russell Prize inAstronomyLuke Barnes & Berian James (shared)

AWARDS TOPOSTGRADUATESTUDENTS

Australian Institute of Physics 2006Bragg Medal for the best PhD thesisin PhysicsAlex Argyros (OFTC, for his thesisentitled "Bragg Reflection andBandgaps in Microstructured OpticalFibres")

Student Presentation Prize at theAnnual Scientific Meeting of theAstronomical Society of AustraliaJulian North (Institute of Astronomy)

NSW Australian Institute of PhysicsPostgraduate Prize for a PhDstudent in the last stage of theirdegree, based on content andscientific quality, clarity andpresentation skills.Vahid Ta'eed (CUDOS)

2006 Australasia Dupont InnovationAward Category (Tertiary student)Alex Argyros (OFTC, for his work onhollow-core optical fibres)

Prizes and Scholarships 2006


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Outreach Report 2006DR PHIL DOOLEYOUTREACH OFFICER, SCHOOL OF PHYSICS

2006 saw the School of Physics’ outreach activities growstrongly, with existing programs being refined and newprograms being added, involving a range of staff students andvisitors. In the second half of the year outreach in the schoolwas boosted by the addition of Alison Muir, communityrelations manager for the foundation, who worked on Schooloutreach programs one day a week.

The flagship of outreach continued to be the Kickstart program,which grew from around 1300 students in 2005 to over 2000students in 2006. The number of workshops doubled in 2007,showing an increase in the number of small classes visitingKickstart. Many of these classes were in regional areas, whichtook advantage of Kickstart's first forays outside the campus. Inconcert with the Foundation's Science Teacher's Workshop, ateam of demonstrators packed the Kickstart equipment intoboxes and travelled to Wagga Wagga Christian College in Julyand UNE, Armidale in August for two days of experimental funwith the local schools. The reception was rapturous and receivedattention from local TV and newspapers as well as attractingschools from up to four hours drive from the venues. In additionto the increased numbers, the demonstrator training procedurewas improved and formalised, and an additional module wasdeveloped covering the Quanta to Quarks option of the syllabus.

The school hosted a number of public talks throughout theyear, many of them performed by visitors to the school as partof their Denison Distinguished visitor grant. Visitors ProfsHynek Biederman (Plasma), Tom Brown (Cudos), and IanCraig (Theoretical Astrophysics) attracted audiences of up to100 each from within and outside the campus. Dr Kinwah Wu(Astro) also ran mini-research projects for 3 pairs of highschool students during his visit.

The school initiated a new regular public talk as part of ascience week, describing the previous year's Nobel Prize forPhysics. The talk is jointly supported by the school and theAIP and is delivered at regional NSW universities, as well ason the campus at the University of Sydney. This year, theinaugural talk was delivered in Science Week at the EasternAve Lecture Theatre by Dr Steve Bartlett, entitled “New Lighton Quantum Optics” describing the 2005 Nobel prizeawarded to Glauber, Hall and Hänsch. Steve delivered his talkin Newcastle and Wollongong as well on the University ofSydney campus, where it attracted over a hundred attendees.

Another new venture involved hosting Newcastle University’sScience and Engineering challenge in June. In partnershipwith Belrose Rotary we hosted around 110 year 10 studentsfrom eight schools who competed across activities rangingfrom building buggies to optimising electricity supply loads.

As well as the new programs, the school continued to supportthe existing science faculty programs such as Gifted andTalented Discovery Day (April topic, Heat and Energy: Ned

Secondary school students experience physics first hand with Kickstart at the

School of Physics


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Other Awards toPresent or PastMembers of Staff

The 2006 Grote Reber medal, awarded annually forinnovative lifetime contributions to radio astronomy. Itcommemorates the pioneering work of Grote Reber, the firstradio astronomer.

Emeritus Professor Bernard Mills, in recognition of hisnumerous innovative and pioneering contributions to radioastronomy.

Honours Overview2006DR STEPHEN BARTLETTHONOURS COORDINATOR

The Honours class has continued to grow, with a record 21students completing in 2006. This number is more thandouble the class size of just two years ago.

Our graduands performed extremely well, with the number ofFirst Class Honours also a record. Three students wereawarded the University medal: Christine Lindstrom, JamieVahn, and Myles Cover. Christine was awarded both the AIPprize, and the Shiroki Prize for Best Honours Project inPhysics; we are all very pleased that Christine has chosen tocontinue her study here at Sydney towards a PhD in PhysicsEducation Research. The Henry Chamberlain Russell Prize inAstronomy was shared by Madhura Killedar and Dean Hillan.

The successes of this talented Honours year, as well as theirobvious enthusiasm for physics research across all areas,provide a great source of encouragement for future students.Given the large and sustained numbers of students doingSenior Physics, I look forward to reporting a similar story ofgrowth and achievement in future Honours years.

Ekins-Daukes and Optics: Tom Brown from RochesterUniversity. July Topic: Radioactivity). We also took part inUniversity-wide programs: Degree in a Day (Physics of theStars) Smith Family Experience Uni Day (Full-body Physics) aswell as Info Day in January and Sydney Uni Live in August, atwhich we provided academics to staff a booth and studentsstaffing hands on demos. Additionally we were involved inbroader programs such as Science in the City (Physics Airshow for primary schoolers), Science in the Suburbs(Electricity and magnetism for high schoolers) and SiemensScience Experience (Forensic physics) Science EXPOsed(booth) and the CSIRO student research placements.

In June the Foundation ran its biennial Science TeachersWorkshop, which involved a number of staff from the school.Joe Khachan, Clive Baldock and Phil Dooley all contributedsessions, and Clive and Phil also attended the Science TeachersWorkshops on the road in Wagga Wagga and Armidale. Stafffrom the school also took part in the foundations PrimaryMentoring program which was piloted in 2006.

Following the success of the 2005 and 2006 calendars we setout to continue the tradition for 2007, although to add a newdimension we struck up a partnership with the SydneyCollege of the Arts. Photography masters students spent aday in the school with staff absorbing the atmosphere,producing a striking set of images for the 2007 calendar.

In October Phil Dooley attended the Frontiers in Opticsconference organized by the Optical Society of America, totake part in the outreach component Educators Day. While inthe region he also visited a number of other institutions,meeting with outreach staff from Perimeter Institute, Harvard,Princeton, Cornell, American Museum of Natural History,Columbia University and the Ontario Science Centre.

In December, following the release of the report into nuclearpower, the School organised a forum on nuclear power asone of the University’s “Sydney Ideas” forums. ManfredLenzen and Chris Dey participated as panel members, andClive Baldock, the convenor of the new Masters of NuclearScience program at the School, introduced the forum, which was facilitated by Phillip Adams, and broadcast onABC radio.

In addition to the formal programs, many staff gave talks toschools and amateur groups, and gave courses throughCentre for Continuing Education and Easter SuburbsCommunity College and we hosted 4 work experiencestudents during the year. We also formalised our protocol forresponding to public enquiries to ensure that enquiries werevetted properly and serious questions were followed up andanswered appropriately. A number of these enquiries werefrom members of the press and led to numerous TV, radioand newspaper appearances for our staff.


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In 1954 Professor Harry Messel established the ScienceFoundation for Physics as the Nuclear Research Foundation.The first of its kind not only within the University of Sydney butalso within the British Commonwealth, the Foundation wasformed as a voluntary philanthropic association of individualsand public and private organisations dedicated to the pursuitof excellence in science education and research.

Although there have been minor changes, today’s aims areconsistent with the overall objectives of the Foundation fromits inception. The aims are:• to promote, foster, develop and assist the teaching and

research work of the School of Physics within the University• to co-operate with the School of Physics to promote the

significance of science and develop an understanding of itsimportance, both within Australia and internationally.

To further these aims the Foundation will undertake thefollowing activities:• raise funds from fees, donations, bequests and

sponsorships• build a strong financial position to ensure than it can

continue to meet its aims in the long term• provide funding to support appointments in the School of

Physics• provide grants to the School for the purchase of plant,

equipment, and materials to support the work of the Schoolof Physics

• promote seminars, courses and workshops in the field of Physics• assist the University to acquire and turn to account patents,

patent rights or inventions, copyright designs, trade-marksor secret processes

• encourage senior secondary students to consider scienceas an exciting and rewarding choice through the ProfessorHarry Messel International Science Schools

• support the work of high school physics teachers in NSWand the ACT through regular in-service training

2006 ReportThis year the Foundation was able to provide funding forseveral School projects and initiatives, scholarships and staffpositions, and we work hard to ensure we continue to providethat valuable support.

2006 began with the announcement that Professor HarryMessel had been awarded a Companion of the Order ofAustralia (AC) in the 2006 Australia Day Honours, for hisservice to science and education in Australia. The JuliusSumner Miller Fellow, Dr Karl Kruszelnicki, was also honouredas member of the Order of Australia (AM), for his dedication tocommunicating science to the public.

In 1956 Professor Harry Messel had the vision to bringcomputing to the University of Sydney’s School of Physics,and the School’s first computer was SILLIAC, the firstcomputer built within an Australian university. Harry’s visionand the history of IT in Australia were celebrated in Septemberwith the University’s ICT Pioneers and Leaders Symposiumand the SILLIAC 50th Anniversary celebrations. The

The official opening of SILLIAC 12 September 1956, Sir John Northcott switches on SILLIAC

watched by Professor Harry Messel and the Chancellor, Sir Charles Blackburn

Top: Barry de Feranti working on SILLIAC

The Science Foundation for Physics


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Foundation and the School hosted a reunion of engineers,operators and users of SILLIAC, and a gala dinner for 300guests in beautiful MacLaurin Hall. We also launched JohnDeane’s book, “SILLIAC: Vacuum Tube Supercomputer” andcreated a DVD devoted to the story of SILLIAC and earlyAustralian computing. The celebrations resulted in anoutpouring of enthusiasm and support from countless alumni,friends and old colleagues, and the event was a proudmoment for the Foundation and the School. Mr Barry deFerranti, Chair of the ICT Pioneers and Leaders OrganisingCommittee, Mr Albert Wong, who chaired the SILLIACCelebration Committee, both worked tirelessly with theFoundation’s Ms Alison Muir to reengage with SILLIACpioneers, raise funds, generate publicity and awareness forthis very successful event.

The Foundation and the School organised the 12th biennialScience Teachers Workshop (STW) for physics teachers fromNSW and the ACT, with over 120 in attendance at the Sydneyevent. The Workshop also travelled to Wagga Wagga andArmidale, ensuring teachers in remote areas had access tothis valuable program. STW06 was titled “Reignite yourExcitement” and, from the effusive feedback received fromteachers from across the state, it lived up to that promise.Other new and exciting initiatives for the Foundation this yearincluded assisting the School of Physics to take the Kickstartoutreach program ‘on the road’ with the Science Teachers’Workshop, and two collaborative programs aiming to improvescience education in primary schools.

The Foundation and the School of Physics are preparing forthe 34th Professor Harry Messel International Science School(ISS) in July 2007. Given the growing concern in our societyabout global warming and climate change, it is fitting thatISS2007 has the title of ‘EcoScience’, focussing on researchinto our environment and the global impact of our species.With an inspiring speakers list, a partnership with theorganisers of the International Polar Year 2007-08, and a fullschedule of activities, ‘EcoScience’ promises to be anothergreat International Science School.

Fundraising to support the ISS has always been a high priorityfor the Foundation. In recent years we have focussed ourattention on raising sufficient capital to run the ISS inperpetuity through the Messel Endowment Capital Campaign,chaired by Foundation Deputy President Mr John Hooke. Atthe end of 2006, thanks to ongoing support from the Federaland NSW governments, Mulpha Australia Ltd and numerousother donors, the Foundation will be able to wind up theCampaign with the future of the International Science Schoolviable in the long term.

This year brought some new faces to the Foundation Council,even as others bid their farewells. Mr Ray Walton steppeddown as representative of Griffith Hack, and introduced hisreplacement Mr John Terry to the Council. Mr Chris Baylissalso joined the Foundation representing Life GovernorAustralian Business Ltd. This year the University moved toeliminate the college structure into which faculties are divided.As a result, Professor Beryl Hesketh, Pro-Vice Chancellor forthe College of Sciences and Technology, stepped down fromher ex-officio role as Governor of the Foundation.

In September Associate Professor Bob Hewitt stepped downas Director of the Foundation, having held the position since2003 — he continues as an Honorary Governor on theCouncil. The role was filled by Associate Professor AnneGreen, merging the Directorship with her new position asHead of School.

The Foundation has also seen some staffing changes thisyear. Dr Chris Stewart’s role as Executive Officer has beenexpanded to assist the new Director, given her significantduties as Head of School. Ms Alex Viglienzone’sadministration position is being upgraded to take on greaterresponsibility with the day-to-day running of the Foundation,and to use her education training in the outreach and primaryscience programs. Also in 2006, at the completion of MsAlison Muir’s contract with the Messel Endowment campaign,the Foundation and the School of Physics created a sharedposition of Community Relations Manager — in this role,Alison assists the Foundation and the School with fundraising,alumni, events, publications and media.

Hovercraft in action, Science Teachers Workshop 2006

Dr Tony Zola building a hovercraft , Science Teachers Workshop 2006


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Representing one of the largest groups of physicists inAustralia, the School of Physics maintains a dynamic anddiverse research program. Throughout the year, there arenumerous research highlights and awards of which this pagerepresents a small sample.

Astronomy & AstrophysicsA major highlight of 2006 is the School of Physics involvementin the STEREO space mission (lbelow). Professors PeterRobinson and Iver Cairns are Co-Is in this major internationalmission to understand the physics of the Sun and the natureof space weather. Both Peter and Iver were present at CapeCanaveral for the launch of the two year mission, with twoseparate space probes will provide a three-dimensional viewof our Sun’s activity.

The space weather theme continues, with Richard Thompsonbeing selected as a member of the international panel topredict the timing and amplitude of the coming Solar Cycle24. This panel, funded by NASA and chaired by the US SpaceEnvironment Center, has the task of providing a definitiveprediction of the solar cycle, important for the manyoperations affected by Space Weather.

The Keck telescope was alsoused by Dr Geraint Lewis,whose observations of thenearby Andromeda Galaxyhave revealed its to possessmore structure than previouslythough, forcing a revision ofsome of the basic ideasastronomers hold about thestructure of galaxies like ourown.

Sydney University Physics Education Research (SUPER)In 2006, the SUPER group was awarded two prominentnational grants, including one from the Australian SchoolInnovation in Science, Technology and Mathematics,Department of Education, Science and Training (DEST) onDeveloping Multimedia Tools for Senior High School Physicswhich involves working with partner schools to deliveringcutting edge research. The second grant is from the CarrickInstitute for Learning and Teaching in Higher Education and iscarrying forward earlier initiatives, with a focus on serviceteaching, graduate destinations and laboratory teaching.

Centre for Ultrahigh bandwith Devices Systems (CUDOS) CUDOS postgraduate student Joe Mok studied Slow Light,light pulses that travel much slower than the speed of light.Joe did so in gratings written in the core of an optical fiber. Alight pulse launched into a grating reflects several times andthus travels forwards, backwards, forwards again, etc. By thetime the pulse makes it to the far end it has traveled much

further than the grating length. Joe measured the pulsetraveling 22% of the speed in the grating’s absence. By usinghigh light intensities, the nonlinear response of the glass in thefibre keeps the pulse together, so it not ripped apart in theprocess. His work appeared in the prestigious journal NaturePhysics.

Research Awards and GrantsResearch awards were received by several of our staff,including the award of the 2006 Newton Lacy Pierce Prize toARC Federation Fellow Professor Bryan Gaensler for hisoutstanding achievement in observational astronomy, and aTall Poppy award for Andrew Hopkins for his achievements inastrophysics and outreach activities. Furthermore, studentAlex Argyros won the Tertiary Student prize as part of theprestigious DuPont Australia and New Zealand InnovationAwards. Former graduate student Michael Ireland won theinaugural Charlene Heisler prize for the best PhD thesis onastronomy by a student in Australia. Graduate student JulianNorth won second prize for the best student talk at the annualmeeting of the Astronomical Society of Australia.

There was several notable grant internal grant successesthrough the year, with Zdenka Kuncic receiving a University ofSydney Bridging Support Grant for an ARC "near-miss"ARF/QEII fellowship application ($26,000) and a University ofSydney Research and Development Grant awarded under thenew staff scheme within the Colleges of Science andTechnology ($19,000).

Serdar Kuyucak received $36,300 in support of his project on“Coarse grain models of flexible ion channels”, allowing thedevelopment of a model of the HERG channel where a flexiblechain of amino acids plays a key role in activation of thechannel.

Further research and development grants were received byStephen Bartlett with a $23,000 ECR grant to examine"Quantum-Enhanced Reference Systems", and KostyaOstrikov who received $30,000 for “Plasma-aidednanofabrication: process modelling and optimisation viacomputer simulation.” A University of Sydney InternationalVisiting Research Fellowship was awarded to Prof. FakhtullaAbdullaev from the Physical-Technical Institute of the UzbekAcademy of Sciences, to visit Sydney to work with Martijn deSterke and Eduard Tsoy.

Research Highlights 2006


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APPLIED AND PLASMA PHYSICS

The Applied and Plasma Physics groupaims to apply physics to problems ofrelevance to the community through thedevelopment of new knowledge and theapplication of existing knowledge. Theactivities of the group during 2006 havebeen in the following areas:

Quantum ComputingThe Centre for quantum ComputerTechnology has its atomistic modelingteam within the Applied Plasma Group.Our role is to assist in the fabrication of asilicon based quantum memory elementor “qubit”. Highlights of the past yearhave been the completion of theunderstanding of the pathways by whichphosphorus is incorporated from the gasphase into the silicon surface. Thisreaction is the first in a large number ofsurface reactions that will be studiedusing the same method of combiningatomistic (first principles) modeling withscanning tunneling microscopy. As aresult of this work there are few if anychemical reactions on surfaces that areas well understood as the phosphineincorporation into silicon. Other reactionsof significance in semiconductorprocessing are the absorption of nitrogenand water into silicon.

Plasma PhysicsWe have undertaken basic studies ofplasmas relevant to the processing ofmaterials. The plasma physics programincludes both simulation and experimentalstudies. In simulation, we studied theproduction of energetic ions in thecathodic arc plasma. Using particle in cellmethods we developed a powerfulcomputer code for examining the effectsof substrate and mesh bias in a plasma. Inexperiment, we examined the transport ofcathodic arc plasmas in a curvedmagnetic field and observed instabilitiesreminiscent of those previously observedin toroidal fusion plasmas.

New Materials SynthesisWe are developing new materials fordemanding applications in Energygeneration and conservation, Medicineand Biology.

New Implantation Technologies forInsulating MaterialsIon implantation technologies based onthe use of biased meshes have beendeveloped. These methods overcomesome of the problems that have

previously impede the use of plasmatechniques to modify insulatingmaterials such as ceramic andpolymers. Plasma simulation methodsfor studying the effect of bias voltagesapplied to meshes have been developedand have given an improvedunderstanding of how meshes work toincrease ion fluence and improve theuniformity of treatments. In an industrycollaboration with Toppan Printing CoLtd of Japan, this method has beenapplied to modify the ‘wettability’ andgas permeability of polymers

Pulsed Cathodic Arc Synthesis ofNew Alloys and Multilayer StructuresThe pulsed cathodic arc systemdeveloped in the group has manyunique features. A multi cathode systemwith high current power supply andnovel centre trigger system is capable ofdepositing accurately controlledamounts of material to synthesise newalloys and multilayer structures withcontrolled thickness. A number ofinternational visitors have been able toutilize the system to produce newmaterials over the past year. An exampleis the synthesis of the crystalline MAXphase alloy TiAlC achieved for the firsttime using the cathodic arc. Anotherproject that has made extensive use ofthe arc system is aimed at developingnew transparent conductive oxides toreplace the indium-tin oxide materialcurrently used in displays.

New Carbon MaterialsCarbon materials are finding newapplications because of theirexceptional wear resistance propertiescombined with a resistance to chemicalattack. The wear resistance propertiesrelate to their ability to recover frommechanical deformation and a lowfriction coefficient. One of the largestapplication areas is the protection ofsurfaces in the magnetic memory (harddisk) industry. Tetrahedral amorphouscarbon (ta-C), first identified anddeveloped in our Group over the last 17years, is becoming a material of choicefor the new generation of high densitymagnetic memory devices. Thesynthesis and physics of disorderedcarbons has been studied over the pastyear in a collaborative project with RMITUniversity and Nanyang TechnologicalUniversity, Singapore. New carbonmaterials are being synthesized inpreviously unexplored regions of itsphase diagram. The ability of somecarbon materials to recover from largedeformations completely over time has

been related to the topology of thestructure using simulation methods andexperimental investigations usingindentation.

Modified Polymers for VentricularAssistanceIn collaboration with Ventracor Ltd weare developing modified polymermaterials for use in the VentrassistVentricular assistance device. Over thepast year we trialed polymer versions ofthe device and showed that polymershave many advantages. Theeffectiveness of ion beam modificationsof the surface of the polymer PEEK havebeen demonstrated. The group wasrecently awarded a three year Linkagegrant to examine the joining of polymersfor this application.

Materials for Protein and CellAttachmentSubstrate materials are required forattaching antibodies and enzymes tosurfaces. There are many applications ofsuch materials in medical diagnosticarrays and in chemical and foodprocessing industries where enzymesare used. We developed and patented aplasma treatment method for modifyingpolymer surfaces to enable them to bindproteins and enzymes covelently. Thesurfaces we developed show superiorattachment density and can attachbiomolecules in a functional state. Thesurfaces have recently been shown tobe successful in attaching cells forapplications in cardiovascular,orthopaedic and neurological areas.

We carried out fundamental studies ofthe time dependence of electric fields inionic solutions applied by means ofelectrodes. This is a classic problem inPhysics, but the full solution of the timedependence were not solved until now.The predictions of theory were shown tobe accurate by comparison withexperiment. The electroattachment ofan enzyme to a surface wasdemonstrated by increasing anddecreasing at will the attachment ofhorseradish peroxidase to a polymersurface by means of an applied electricfield. The use of ellipsometric surfaceplasmon resonance to monitor theattachment process and the increasedsensitivity available through the use ofthe phase information wasdemonstrated.


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OTHER WORK

Secondary Electron EmissionCoefficient (SEEC)The Secondary Electron EmissionCoefficient (SEEC) of a dielectricmaterial, which is a measure of theemission of electrons due to the impactof ions and electrons, is difficult tomeasure by traditional method becauseof surface charging effect. A novel ideathat is being developed, overcomes thissurface charging effect during theexperiment. AUS$35,000.00 wasinternally funded to this project by CityUniversity of Hong Kong StrategicResearch Grant. The concept wasproved in the lab of our Hong Kongcollaborators by successfully measuringthe collapse, due to charging of thedielectric surface, of the ion sheath infront of a dielectric substrate duringargon plasma immersion ionimplantation by using a Langmuir probe.

Major InfrastructureSuccessful LIEF applications haveenabled us to build infrastructure in theSchool.

Secondary Neutral MassSpectrometrySecondary neutral mass spectrometry,SNMS, is a sensitive technique forobtaining compositional information as afunction of depth in a material.Sputtered neutral atoms are producedfrom the material and are ionized anddetected by mass spectrometry. Thetechnique is more sensitive thanSecondary Ion Mass Spectrometrywhich examines the ions sputtered froma material. SNMS is proving a valuablecomplement to other analysistechniques available to us.

High Power Impulse MagnetronSputteringHigh power pulses are used to sputterfrom magnetron sources in this newtechnique. We are part of aninternational effort in the USA andSweden to develop this technique whichappears to offer the advantages ofcathodic arc deposition without themacropartcles that cathode spotplasmas generate. A collaboration withLinkoping University has beenestablished to work together onequipment that is being installed in bothUniversities.

BRAIN DYNAMICS GROUP

Motion Correction In Small AnimalImaging

Recent advances in molecular imaginghave led to the development of highresolution tomographic imagingdevices, such as the microPET (PET =positron emission tomography), for thestudy of physiological and diseaseprocesses in laboratory animals. Thevalue of these devices lies in their abilityto non-invasively measure minuteconcentrations of radioactively labelledtracer molecules, and thus to observebiological processes directly, in the livinganimal. Conventional imaging withmicroPET takes up to 90 minutes toperform and the animal is kept underanaesthesia to prevent movements.Once the animal (usually a rat or mouse)is anaesthetised and positioned in themicroPET field of view, a trace quantityof a radioactive drug (radiotracer) isadministered and imaging of the brain orother target organ commences.Dynamic data are acquired and imagesreconstructed. The data provideimportant information on regional bloodflow, transport of the radiotracer acrossthe cell membrane and receptor bindingand clearance. These parameters arethen quantified using biomathematicalmodels, to obtain unique information onbiochemical pathways in vivo.

The use of anaesthesia hasthe disadvantage of perturbing thephysiological phenomena under study.Likewise, the alternative of forciblyrestraining the conscious animal alters stress-sensitive neurochemicalprocesses in the brain. Accuratemeasurement of these biochemicalpathways would be considerably aidedby technologies that allowed animals tobe scanned while awake. Sinceconscious animals move considerably,the problem to be overcome is thedistortion of the reconstructed imagedue to motion during data acquisition.Our aim is to develop techniques formotion tracking, and for incorporatingthe resulting six degree of freedom (DoF)motion information in the acquisitionand/or reconstruction process toproduce reconstructed images free ofmotion distortion.

The work is being carried out with thesupport of an ARC Discovery grant inthe School of Physics, and in theRamaciotti Imaging Centre of theUniversity of Sydney’s Brain and MindResearch Institute (BMRI), which has

MEDICAL APPLICATIONS OFPHYSICS

RadiotherapyA number of projects in medicaldosimetry have been undertaken incollaboration with the Royal Prince AlfredHospital. A new fibre optic dosimeter“BrachyFOD” was developed for in situreal time monitoring of radiation during theform of radiotherapy known asbrachytherapy. The new dosimeter isbeing commercialized by a newly formedcompany, Radiant LX, set up by ourcollaborating companies BandwidthFoundry, CMS Alphatech and The SydneyCancer Centre. The new dosimeter will beused in quality assurance of treatmentdelivery by monitoring the dose receivedby sensitive organs such as the urethra.An array of dosimeters has beendeveloped for monitoring the rectal wallduring pelvic radiotherapy for prostate orcervical cancer.

Finite element methods have beenused to model the motion of thelung/diaphragm system during respirationusing the mechanical properties of thetissues as inputs. The motion of the lungis determined by three key properties:density, airway permeabilty and elasticityof the lung tissue.

Bystander and Dose Rate EffectsBystander effects are non-local effectson cells resulting from the irradiation ofnearby cells. We found two new types ofeffects that have implications fortreatment planning. Both of these resultin increased survival of cells afterirradiation as a result of communicationeffects and will be important intreatment planning. Dose rate effectsare important because new treatmentdelivery techniques such as intensitymodulated radiotherapy give a widerange of dose rates. Cell repair andenhanced damage at high dose ratehave both been observed in clonogenicstudies.

Energy ConservationThe opportunities for vacuum glazingthroughout the world look verypromising as many nations implementenergy saving policies, especially in thebuilt environment. The key area we areaddressing is the impact resistance ofvacuum glazing. Collaboration withSydney Glass and Nippon Sheet glasshas enabled us to examine the causesof failure of glazings under impact. Thiswork has led to the award of five yearARC Linkage grant.


11

recently acquired a Siemens microPETscanner. In the first 12 months the grouphas translated to the microPETenvironment a PET motion correctiontechnique originally developed forhuman PET brain imaging. Thistechnique, known as line-of-response(LOR) rebinning, involves 3Dtransformation of individual PET eventsto compensate for known motion of thehead. The applied transformations arecalculated from serial head posemeasurements provided by a miniatureoptical motion tracking system(Microntracker, Claron Technologies).Fig. 1 shows the results of thistechnique in an actual imagingexperiment performed on the microPETscanner. The images shown in eachcolumn are orthogonal reconstructedslices through a miniature rod phantomcontaining F18 in solution that wastranslated and rotated during dataacquisition, while being tracked with theMicrontracker. The left column showsconventional results without motioncorrection. The column at right shows aseparate scan performed as a reference45 minutes earlier without motion, andthe middle column shows the samedata as in the left column, with motioncorrection based on Microntracker data.

The relatively noisy appearance of themotion corrected scan is a result ofreduced counting statistics due toradioactive decay.

The immediate goal is the transitionfrom phantoms to live animals. Thispresents some significant challenges,including attachment of the motiontracking target to the animal, the designof the ‘burrow’ to contain the animalwithin the bore of the scanner, andimproved synchronization of the PETand motion tracking data. Other futureinvestigations include the potential ofminiature retrograte reflectors(overlapping gratings that generate Moirepatterns) as motion tracking targets, anda novel approach to motion correctionbased on maximum likelihoodexpectation maximization (ML-EM) thatwe call motion adaptive reconstruction.We have shown in a range of simulationsthat this method can recover the originalactivity distribution, given a 3Dreconstruction blurred by 6 DoF motion,and knowledge of the motion thatoccurred.

Technological advances resulting fromthis work may enable entirely newexperimental paradigms in the awakeanimal, and thus contribute to funda-mental discoveries in neurobiology.

Below: The atomic layers of a Ti2AlC MAX phase

structure deposited by pulsed cathodic arc as seen at

high resolution in the electron microscope. The picture

shows that our deposition method is capable of

creating perfect single crystal layers of this

technologically important material.

This material is potentially good for use as strong

structural components in very high temperature

environments – like high efficiency engines for

example. Picture courtesy of Dr P. Persson

Motion correction of a miniature hot-rod phantom

imaged on the MicroPET scanner.

Left column: No motion correction applied. Middle

column: Same data as in left column, with motion

correction. Right column: Reconstruction of stationary

phantom for comparison.


12

ASTROPHYSICS

ASTEROSEISMOLOGY GROUPThe Asteroseismology Group at theSchool of Physics, led by Professor TimBedding, includes Drs Laszlo Kiss, HansBruntt and Dennis Stello. They havecoordinated several internationalobserving campaigns to understandhow stellar evolution changes the way aSun-like star oscillates. The group hasnow measured oscillation frequencies infive stars in great detail, eachrepresenting a slightly differentevolutionary status of a Sun-like star. Inα Centauri A, the measured frequenciesshould reveal the effects of a possibleconvective core and allow us toestimate its size. This will be the firstdirect test of the extent of the coreovershoot, an issue that is vitallyimportant in stellar evolution models.Our results for υ Indi confirm that it hasa low mass (0.85 solar) and is at least 9billion years old. Analysis of the full set ofoscillation frequencies should allow atest of stellar evolution theory in a low-metallicity star, which is an importantstep in verifying age determinations forthe oldest stars in the Galaxy. For βHydri, we were able to identify nearly 30modes, whose frequencies were usedto infer the mean stellar density to anaccuracy of just 0.6%. Combining thiswith the angular diameter measuredwith the Sydney University StellarInterferometer (SUSI) gave a directestimate of the stellar mass, to anaccuracy of 2.7%. This is probably themost precise mass determination of asolar-type star that is not in a binarysystem, illustrating the power ofcombining asteroseismology andinterferometry.

GRAVITATIONAL ASTROPHYSICSThe year 2006 proved to be a very busyyear for the Gravitational AstrophysicsGroup with Blair Conn and ArtemTuntsov completing their PhDs, whileBerian James and Luke Barnes headedto Edinburgh and Cambridgerespectively to begin their PhDs. Headof the group, Geraint Lewis, continuesto head the Commonwealth CosmologyInitiative, a major ARC program studyingthe formation and evolution of galaxiesin the Universe.

Above: Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope

(MOST) is a wide-field radio imaging survey of the

southern sky at 843MHz.

Left: The 3.9m Anglo-Australian Telescope observing

the daylight sky for measuring the 5-minute oscillations

in the scattered spectrum of the Sun.


13

Dr Andrew Hopkins's 2006 paper onthe star formation history of the universeshowed how limits on neutrinomeasurements from theSuperKamiokande particle detector,combined with numerous astronomicalsurveys, constrain the star formationhistory of galaxies in the universe as wellas the distribution of stellar masses thatform in a burst of star formation.

Professor Elaine Sadler andcolleagues in the Australia Telescope20GHz (AT20G) survey team havemade the first measurements of thevariability and polarization of faint radiosources selected at 20GHz, the highestfrequency at which a sensitive radiosurvey has been carried out over a largearea of sky. Their measurements showthat high-frequency radio sources areless variable and have lowerpolarization than predicted. Thesefindings are particularly relevant tocurrent and future measurements of theCosmic Microwave Background, whichrequire increasingly accurate

subtraction of the foreground high-frequency radio signals from distantradio galaxies and quasars.

2006 saw a new release of the radio-source catalogue from the SydneyUniversity Molonglo Sky Survey(SUMSS). Now that the survey iscomplete, the SUMSS data productsare being used by an increasing numberof researchers around the world, asevidenced by the rapidly-rising citationrate for the two main survey papers. Themost recent version of the SUMSScatalogue and images can be found athttp://www.physics.usyd.edu.au/ioa/Main/SUMSS/

Professor Richard (Dick) Hunstead andcolleagues Julia Bryant, Helen Johnston,Bryan Gaensler and Jess Broderick havecontinued their investigation of high-redshift radio galaxies, which provideunique probes of the formationprocesses and environments of massivegalaxies in the early universe. A particularhighlight was Ilana Klamer's work on therest-frame spectral energy distribution of

these radio galaxies, which developed anew paradigm in which their very steepspectra can be understood as a naturalconsequence of their location in regionsof unusually high density in the earlyuniverse.

Peter Barnes has been using apowerful new spectrometer on theMopra dish of the Australia Telescope tomake high resolution spectralobservations of molecular lines in the 3mm band. He is a member of the Japan-Australia CHaMP consortium (theCensus of High- and Medium-massProtostars) which is mapping over 100massive molecular clouds in theconstellations of Carina, Vela, andCentaurus in order to compile robuststatistics of relatively rare massiveprotostars. Dense molecular clouds arethe birthplace of new stars in the MilkyWay. By combining Mopra maps indifferent molecular species with imagesfrom the near- to the far-infrared, they canrelate the dynamical and chemicalinformation from the different moleculesto the nature of the stars that form fromthese clouds.

Peter also formally joined the SpitzerLegacy Project "c2d: from Cores toDisks", which studies the details of low-mass star formation (i.e., stars like ourSun) from the molecular cloud stage tothe formation of planets. In 2006 Mopramaps were obtained for all 40 of the c2dclouds in far southern skies, notobservable by northern hemispherecolleagues.

THE SYDNEY UNIVERSITY STELLARINTERFEROMETER (SUSI) The Sydney University StellarInterferometer (SUSI) is a long-baselinestellar interferometer, designed to findthe angular sizes of single stars, or theseparation of individual components ofclose binary stars. It is situated at thePaul Wild Observatory near Narrabri.During 2006 the SUSI group continuedthe scientific exploitation of theinstrument, with an extensive observingprogram, along with analysis andpublication of data, and significantinstrumental developments.

A highlight was the growingcollaboration with the School’sasteroseismology group. By combiningstellar angular diameter measurementsfrom SUSI with stellar oscillation(asteroseismology) data obtained fromspectroscopic measurements usinglarge telescopes in Australia andelsewhere, accurate masses for isolatedstars can be obtiained. In the pastmasses could be found only for stars in

Fig. 2: Map of the same cloud, but now traced by N2H+.

This molecule is sensitive to the same density and

temperature as HCO+, but the emission pattern is

different, indicating chemical inhomogeneities created

by the forming protostars.

Fig. 1: False-colour map of a massive dense molecular

core, as traced by the HCO+ molecule. This cloud is

home to a well-known massive star nursery, NGC 3076,

located near the middle of the image.

Fig. 3: Large-scale map of HCO+ from clouds near the

supermassive star eta Carinae. There are several dense

clouds in this image which COULD form new stars.

Fig. 4: Similar map of N2H+ near eta Carinae, indicating

where the special conditions required to ACTUALLY

make new stars are located.


14

CUDOS

CUDOS, the ARC Centre of Excellencefor Ultrahigh bandwidth Devices forOptical Systems, is headquartered inthe School of Physics. With around fortyresearchers and students we are about50% of the Centre’s overall effort and amajor contributor to the School’sresearch and teaching activities.

2007 was a watershed year forCUDOS, with the ARC considering ourapplication to extend our operation bythree years to 2010. We received thegood news in March that our applic-ation for renewed funding had beensuccessful, with a level of support thatwas almost unchanged from that whichwe have enjoyed for the last four years.A quick reading of the ARC’s report ontheir website shows that CUDOS hasfared extremely well in comparison to itspeers. This is a fitting outcome for aCentre strong in all aspects of ouroperations – top quality people fromstudents through to senior staff, strongand productive collaboration across allnodes, a compelling focus and anastonishingly productive researchoutput.

We are extremely grateful to theSchool for its continued support, andeven more so this year with the School’sdecision to reclaim around 100 m2 ofspace in the basement (previously usedfor storage) and convert it into highquality laboratories at a cost of around$250,000. Part of this new space will beused by our new faculty appointment,Dr Boris Kuhlmey.

CUDOS researchers in the Schoolcontinue to perform extremely well insecuring competitive grants. DrChristian Grillet and Dr Christelle Monattook up Australian PostdoctoralFellowships this year, joining ProfessorRoss McPhedran (AustralianProfessorial Fellowship) and Dr Kuhlmey(Australian Postdoctoral Fellowship). DrFeng Luan has joined the CUDOS groupfrom the University of Bath in the United

Kingdom, funded by a University ofSydney postdoctoral Fellowship. In MayProf. Ben Eggleton was advised that hisapplication for a further five year term asFederation Fellow was successful. He isthus in an excellent position to continueas CUDOS Research Director andleading the CUDOS research programthrough to 2010 and beyond.

The support from the ARC and theSchool to the Centre and ourresearchers is fitting acknowledgementof outstanding research performance, inwhich our central focus has been todevelop capabilities in nonlinearphotonics and microphotonics leadingtowards the demonstration of all opticalprocessing in a “photonic chip” with arange of integrated signal processingfunctions including switching and signalregeneration. The Centre now has six‘Flagship’ projects, each focusing on aparticular capability that is crucial to aphotonic chip. Three of these – all-optical switching, slow light andnonlinear optical signal processing – aremanaged by researchers from theSchool.

binary systems. The new method wasapplied to the star beta Hydri, andresulted in a mass determinationaccurate to better than 3%, and valuesof radius and effective temperature tobetter than 1%. SUSI is well suited tothis type of observation because itoperates using visible light rather thaninfrared, and it has a baseline of wellover 100 m, so that every star within thesensitivity range is well resolved.

Another major observing programconcerned a variety of binary stars,where the orbit as revealed byinterferometric observations can againprovide a mass and sometimes also theradii of the two stars. The Figure showsthe orbit of the two major componentsof the binary system lambda Scorpii, forwhich masses and the distance to thesystem have been derived. The scale isin milli-arcseconds, and illustrates thesmall angular sizes measured by SUSI,and the precision with which they fit tothe elliptical orbit.

Observations of Cepheid variablestars continued, to finalise theinterferometric data required for thefamous Baade-Wesselink method ofdistance determination for these stars.By combining angular diametermeasurements of a star as it changessize during the pulsation cycle withradial velocity measurements fromspectroscopic observations, thedistance to the star can be directlydetermined, thus circumventing anumber of uncertain steps in theastronomical distance ladder.

Major instrumental activities during2006 included the commissioning of anew system in which observations ofinterference fringes can be made in bluelight (especially suitable for hot starswith small angular diameter, or foremission lines which can only be seen inthe blue), while the atmosphericperturbations of the fringes arestabilised using the existing red-light

system. This combined system will alsoallow operation of the blue-light systemwith a user-selected central wavelengthand bandwidth. The other majorcommissioning project was theintroduction of a new fast-readoutelectron-multiplying CCD camera for thefast-guiding (tip-tilt) system. Thisrequired a major upgrade to the controlsoftware, given the fast real-time natureof its operation.

Our approach to management ofeach Flagship project is to empower ouryounger researchers with theresponsibility of managing the processof achieving the year-to-year goals ofthe project – including project planning,cross node liaison and reporting – whileleaving the senior Chief Investigatorswith the task of leading the long-term,strategic aspects of the science. AtSydney Dr Grillet manages All-OpticalSwitching, Dr Monat manages SlowLight and Dr Mark Pelusi manages the

Above: Impression of a photonic chip, a device that

combines many optical functions just like electronic

chips combine many electronic functions. It is the

ultimate goal of much of CUDOS’ research.


COMPLEX SYSTEMS

BRAIN MODELLING GROUPBrain modelling is concerned withconstructing and exploring quantitativemodels of several measures of brainfunction. The following topics arecurrently under investigation:

● how the primary sensory cortexself-organizes and functions,

● cerebral connectivities and theircorresponding dynamics,

● modelling real measures: EEG,evoked potentials and MRI.

These topics deal with details ofneuronal components, numericalcomplexities, and emergent pheno-mena, which collectively makes thebrain an exemplary complex system.

Modelling emphasises the 'bottom-up' approach to brain science. Itcomplements the 'top-down' approachof our collaborators at the BrainDynamics Centre at Westmead Hosp-ital, the Brain Resources Company, theWoolcock Institute at the University ofSydney, and the Black Dog Institute(UNSW).

One area of activity is to broaden ourcontinuum model by including some ofthe well-known properties of neurons inthe visual cortex, specifically, spike-rateadaptation and patchy connections.Members active in this area include HalHenke and Dr Peter Loxley.

Another area is that dealing with brainconnectivities and rhythms. Membersactive in this area include Sacha vanAlbada, Richard Gray, Ying Wu, AndrewPhillips and James Roberts. AndrewPhillips recently received the Post-graduate research prize for outstandingacademic achievement from the Facultyof Science.

A third area of interest is modellingreal measures of brain activity. Membersactive in this area include JonathonClearwater, Cliff Kerr, Dr Peter Drysdale,Kevin Aquino, Matthew Barton and AlanChiang.

PLASMA NANOSCIENCEIn 2006, the Plasma Nanoscience groupstudied several important problems:formation of dense nanotip andnanotube arrays, formation of core/shellstructured quantum dots, single-wallnanotube synthesis in arc plasmas,processing of dense nanotube arrays.The studies were made in collaborationwith NTU (Singapore) and MichiganUniversity (USA). In 2006, the PlasmaNanoscience group has obtainedseveral very important results that mayestablish new directions in thedevelopment of a modernnanotechnology. In particular, it hasbeen demonstrated that the plasmaprocess has a great advantage ingrowing dense arrays of nanotips forelectron-emitting devices, as comparedwith gas processes. The use of biasedsubstrate and ion flux extracted from theplasma provides a new way of thevertically-aligned structured carbonformation on surface. It was shown thatthe plasma ensures better penetration ofcarbon building units into the nanotubeforest. This effect provides a possibilityto perform an effective post-processingof the dense nanotube arrays. In 2006,two extremely successful Honoursstudents (A. Rider and E. Tam) havepublished/received acceptance noticesfor 5 papers from top journals in the fieldand were awarded APAs to continueworking in the Plasma Nanosciencegroup on PhD projects.

Carbon nanotip microemitter array grown in (a) a

neutral gas process; (b) plasma-based process [Appl.

Phys. Lett. 89, 033109 (2006)]

Nonlinear Optical Signal ProcessingFlagship project.

This approach to focusing on highprofile opportunities with both a targetedyear-by-year and long term approach isreaping scientific dividends. A majorresult in our slow light project, in whichgraduate student Joe Mok succeeded inslowing pulsed light down in a fibreBragg grating by the temporalequivalent of more than 2 pulse widths,was published in Nature Photonics thisyear and will be the subject of an invitedtalk at next year’s Optical FibreCommunications (OFC) Conference inthe USA. These results also receivedsignificant press in the media, includingarticles in Cosmos Magazine anddomestic newspapers.

The optical switching team has madesome truly innovative progress, withtheoretical calculations by Dr SnjezanaTomljenovic-Hanic demonstrating newways of producing very high qualityfactor (Q) cavities in photonic crystals,so the energy density inside the cavity ishundreds of thousands of times higherthan outside. Dr Grillet and graduatestudents Cameron Smith and MichaelLee have also developed innovativeapproaches to coupling light into thesecavities, enabling intensity-dependentthresholds for optical nonlinearity (andultimately switching) to be exceeded atonly most input powers.

Mark Pelusi has succeeded indeveloping an operational 160 Gb/soptical testbed (the only one in thesouthern hemisphere) and using this toevaluate the high speed performance ofthe all-optical signal processors underdevelopment in CUDOS. Mark, withstudents Michael Lamont and VahidTa’eed, has been able to demonstratetime division demultiplexing in theoptical domain of a 10 Gb/s signal froma 160Gb/s pulse trains using CUDOSall-optical signal processing technology.

With CUDOS in its fifth year, we arebeginning to see some interest fromindustry in our research. We are in thesecond year of an industry Linkageproject with Optium Australia, fundedby the ARC, to investigate newapplications for an innovativetechnology for next generation,reconfigurable optical networks. Wehave recruited a young Belgianscientist, Dr Michael Roelens, for thistask and he has achieved someexcellent results that were presentedas a prestigious post-deadline paper atthe OFC Conference and an invitedpaper at the CLEO-Europe meeting in Munich.


16

SPACE PHYSICS GROUP AND NASA'SSTEREO SPACECRAFTThe waiting for NASA's STEREOspacecraft to launch has come to anend for Profs Iver Cairns and PeterRobinson. After several false starts, on25 October 2006 they watched fromKennedy Space Center (Florida, USA) asSTEREO launched into space aboard aBoeing Delta II rocket. STEREO is atwo-spacecraft mission to observe solaroutbursts as they move through theinterplanetary medium and cause``space weather'' events at Earth. TheSTEREO A or "Ahead" spacecraft slowlymoves ahead of the Earth in its orbitaround the Sun, while the STEREO B or"Behind" spacecraft moves behind theEarth. Triangulation with these twoidentically instrumented spacecraft,which move increasingly far apart withincreasing time, is one unique elementof STEREO.

STEREO's launch and thedeployment of antennas, solar cells, andinstruments were almost flawless. Iverand Peter are members of STEREO'splasma waves and radio emissionsteam S/Waves. The S/Wavesinstruments started collecting datawithin 2 days of launch and have alreadyobserved numerous solar radio bursts.Two post-launch team and ScienceWorking Group meetings have occurredso far. There the team presented newresults on the spatial scales of theenergetic electron stream producingtype III radio bursts, enabled by havingSTEREO A and B so close together.Professor Robert Ergun (U. Colorado,Boulder, USA) is now working with theSydney group on the STEREO data,initiated by a University of Sydney ShortTerm Visiting Fellowship. The currentemphasis is on testing and extendingour theories for why the observedplasma waves are so bursty in time andposition, enabled in part by a novelinstrument whose design the Sydneygroup contributed to.

THEORETICAL HIGH-ENERGYASTROPHYSICS Zdenka Kuncic and collaborators havemade significant progress in unravelingthe underlying nature of one of the mostenigmatic cosmic X-ray sourcesdiscovered by X-ray satellites: Ultra-Luminous X-ray sources. Theseextragalactic, point-like sources are upto 10 million times more powerful thanthe Sun and emit virtually all theirradiation in X-rays. Kuncic andcollaborators have demonstrated that

the prodigious X-ray luminosity of thesesources is the result of accretion ofmatter onto a black hole and the violentexpulsion of energy by strong magneticfields and possibly also relativistic jets.This means that Ultra-Luminous X-raysources are extreme examples of themore moderately behaved X-ray binarysources that inhabit our own Galaxy.These results were presented at theInternational Astronomical Union's 26thGeneral Assembly in Prague and at theCommittee on Space Research(COSPAR) 36th Scientific Assembly inBeijing.

COMPUTATIONALBIOPHYSICS

Achievements and future directions:We have continued testing themolecular dynamics (MD) force fieldsusing the gramicidin A channel as a testcase. Calculation of the binding freeenergies of monovalent and divalentcations using Potential of Mean Force(PMF) and Free Energy PerturbationMethods revealed discrepancies whencompared to the experimental data.These discrepancies were at a smallerscale compared to those found for thecentral barrier energies, indicating thatthe problem gets worse as one movesfrom the channel mouth at the lipid-water interface to the channel interior.This is consistent with the view that theproblem is due to the neglect of theinduced polarization interaction in thecurrent force fields. We also studiedfinite size and periodicity effects in MDsimulations to see whether suchsimulation artifacts contribute to thebarrier energies. The results obtained inprogressively larger systems were inagreement with the smaller system,which demonstrated that finite size andperiodicity effects are negligible for freeenergy calculations.

Accurate calculation of binding freeenergies of ligands is an importantproblem in molecular biology with manyapplications in pharmacology. Thetraditional methods include umbrellasampling with weighted histogramanalysis, free energy perturbation andthermodynamic integration. Recently anew method based on Boltzmannaveraging of work functions has beenintroduced. Because of its simplicity,this so called Jarzynski equality hasattracted much attention. However, itsapplicability to complex bimolecularsystems has not been checked yet.

Towards that end, we calculated thePMF of K+ ions in a simple carbonnanotube and the gramicidin A channel(Fig. 1) using both the umbrella samplingmethod and Jarzynski's equality. In thecarbon nanotube both methods gavesimilar PMF results but in the gramicidinA channel, the PMF obtained fromJarzynski's equality exhibited largedeviations from that of umbrellasampling. These results show that dueto the presence of long-range Coulombinteractions and their intrinsic flexibility,biomolecules take much longer time torelax, limiting the applicability ofJarzynski's equality to such systems.

Two major issues faced by thepharmaceutical industry are findingappropriate ligands for a given targetand ensuring that they are highlyspecific only for that target. For ionchannels, which are primary targets fordevelopment of therapeutic drugs,Nature provides a rich library of toxinsthat meet these requirements. Forexample, there are over 50,000 distinctpeptides (conotoxins) in the venom ofcone snails, which target a variety of ionchannels with very high affinity andselectivity. Thus learning from Natureand improving on its products providesan alternative strategy for drugdevelopment. This process can befurther enhanced by combininglaboratory work with computersimulations.

We recently initiated a computationalprogram to help develop drug leadsfrom conotoxins. The strategy adoptedinvolves 3 stages: i) Find the bindingconfiguration of a conotoxin to thetarget ion channel using a docking

Fig. 1 Lateral views of the carbon nanotube (left) and

the gramicidin A channel (right) systems. The nanotube

is surrounded by a layer of capped nanotubes (only two

are shown for clarity). Gramicidin A is embedded in a

lipid bilayer (only the head groups of the lipid molecules

are depicted by large balls). The K+ ion is at the pore

centre surrounded by single-file water molecules (little

balls) in both cases. The systems are hydrated with

water on both sides.


17

algorithm (e.g. Autodock), which isrefined in subsequent moleculardynamics (MD) simulations, ii) Determinethe key residues involved in the bindingand calculate the binding Free Energyfrom MD simulations, iii) Considermutations of the key residues on theconotoxin and calculate their bindingfree energies from MD. Those that leadto a more enhanced binding comparedto the wild type are candidates for newdrug leads and are subjected to furtherphysiological experiments to confirm thepredictions of the simulation results.

Feasibility of this methodology wasdemonstrated in a simple systemconsisting of the gramicidin A channeland organic cations such asguanidinium and TEA (see Fig.2 below).Binding characteristics and the relativeaffinities of the organic cations wereaccurately predicted. We are nowstudying the binding of kappa-conotoxinto Kv1.2 (shaker) potassium channel,which has potential for treating diseasescaused by dysfunction of K+ channels.

CONDENSED MATTERTHEORY

Our group's focus is on ab initioinvestigations of materials and surfacescience phenomena of systems ofrelevance to technological applications,as well as of fundamental interest. Overthe last year, our research activitiesinclude:

● Copper-, gold-, and ceria-basedcatalysts for energy production,manufacturing, and emissioncontrol.

● Nitride-based semiconductormaterials for spintronic and opto-electronic devices.

● Superhard nitride-based coatingsfor mechanical cutting tools - as wellas fundamental studies of metalsurfaces.

which resemble the (111) surface of bulkCu2O, are stable under ultra-highvacuum conditions, but are only meta-stable at pressures and temperaturesrelevant to technical catalysis.Furthermore, no simple oxygenchemisorption phase is stable even atvery low coverages. Under realisticconditions, the bulk oxide phase ispredicted to be the most stable phase.Investigating, therefore, the thermo-dynamic stability of low index (100),(110), and (111) surfaces of bulk Cu2O,including the stoichiometric, as well asmetal- and oxygen-rich terminations,and defective surfaces, we find thatunder the oxygen-rich conditions, twostructures exhibit particularly lowsurface free energies, namely, theCu2O(110) surface which is terminatedwith both Cu and O surface atoms in the[110] plane and the Cu2O(111) surfacecontaining a surface Cu vacancy (seeFig. 2 page 18). These structurestherefore could be catalytically relevantfor oxidizing reactions. Studies on thesesystems are continuing in 2007.

NITRIDE-BASED MATERIALS FORSPINTRONIC DEVICESDilute magnetic semiconductors (DMS),such as Mn-doped GaAs and Cr-dopedGaN, are a class of materials thatincreasingly attract intense interest aspromising candidates for a newgeneration of multifunctional spintronicsdevices. Despite considerable efforts,the mechanisms behind the apparentferromagnetism and the universality arestill under active debate. From afundamental standpoint, DMSs alsopresent a unique type of system whichoffers the possibility of studying theinteraction between the delocalizedband electrons of the host semi-

Surface free energies of various copper oxide surface terminations as a function of the oxygen chemical potential, as

correlated with the pressure for three selected temperatures of interest).

Fig. 2: Binding of TEA molecule to the gramicidin A

channel. One of the arms of TEA inserts itself to the

binding pocket created by the carbonyl oxygens of

gramicidin (shown in red).

Below are some highlights of public-ations in 2006:

COPPER-BASED CATALYSIS FORENERGY PRODUCTIONIn recent years there has been greatfocus on clean and efficient energytechnology, bringing about an increasedinterest in key heterogeneous catalyticreactions associated with, e.g., thefunction of fuel cells. An example is thewater-gas-shift reaction where hydrogen(fuel) is obtained via partial oxidation andsteam reforming of hydrocarbons andmethanol. For these reactions, copper-based catalysts are typically employed,but the active site, the role of supportoxides, and each detailed reaction stepare still the focus of considerable debateand research. This is so even though agreat deal of effort has gone intoseeking consensus by conducting in situexperiments, in the hope of bridging the“pressure” and “materials” gap. Clearly,in order to achieve more efficient andselective catalysts, knowledge of themicroscopic behavior is mandatory. Togain an initial microscopicunderstanding of copper-basedcatalysts, we performed state-of-the-artquantum mechanical calculations,investigating the detailed interaction ofoxygen and copper, and focusing on therelative stability of surface oxidicstructures and oxide surfaces of theO/Cu system. By combining theconcepts of quantum mechanics andthermodynamics in so-called “first–principles atomistic thermodynamics”,we study the chemisorption of oxygenand the formation of sub-nano films ofoxidic structures on the (111) surface ofcopper by including the temperatureand pressure dependence of the oxygenchemical potential. These structures,

HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS

The High Energy Physics group isinvolved in two large internationalexperiments, Belle at KEK in Tsukuba,Japan and ATLAS at CERN nearGeneva, Switzerland.

The two experiments are at verydifferent stages of their long life-spans:Belle has been running since 1999 andboasts a huge amount of collected data,while ATLAS is due to start operatingand producing unprecedented amountsof data in early 2008.

Belle uses the KEKB acceleratorwhich is the most luminous collidingbeam accelerator ever built. Theexperiment studies the physics of Bmesons (mesons containing a bottomquark). Over 600 million B-anti-B mesonpairs have been collected and the focusof the experiment has been evolvingfrom the establishment of the violation ofCP symmetry using B mesons to thesearch for new physics beyond theStandard Model of particle physics bystudying very rare decay processes.

self-organized spinodal phase segreg-ation, leading to a nanocomposite, “nc-TiN/ a-Si3N4/a- and nc-TiSi2”, withstrong, sharp interfaces betweennanocrystalline regions (of TiN and TiSi2)and thin amorphous layers (of SixNy).The related, more simple quasi-binarynanocomposite, “nc-TiN/a- Si3N4”,which exhibits a reported super-hardness of 50-60 GPa, is the mostquantitatively studied and may beregarded as the “prototype'” or “modelsystem” for the nitride-basednanocomposites. The hardness of theconstituent materials, TiN and Si3N4 isonly around 20 GPa, so a notablehardness enhancement occurs for thesecomposites. There are, however,conflicting reports for the hardness ofthis material, in particular notably lowervalues of 30-35 GPa. Clearly, it is ofsignificant importance to understand theorigin and extent of the super-strengthening effect in ceramic nano-composites, and critical experimentaland theoretical evidence is needed toverify and understand reported result.

From our extensive density-functionaltheory calculations for interfaces in this nanocomposite, we find that the favorable structure, formed underthe technically relevant nitrogen-richconditions, involves a single Si layertetrahedrally coordinated to N atomssandwiched between TiN(111)crystallites.

The tensile strength of bulk TiN inthe <111> direction is found to benotably greater than in the <100> and<110> directions, and similar to theweakest bonding direction of diamond.This suggests that the enhancedhardness of the nanocompositescompared to that of its constituentmaterials, is primarily due to theiraffording and enhancing predominantinterface formation involving the polarTiN(111) planes. We also find thatoxygen impurities diffuse to theinterface region, forming strong bondswith Ti atoms and inducing a strikingreduction in the tensile strength of theinterface. Given the found deterioratingeffect of oxygen on the tensile strengthof the interfaces favorable under

nitrogen-rich conditions, this indicatesthat oxygen contamination should beavoided in the creation of thenanocomposites if superhard coatingsare desired, and could also beresponsible for varying reported valuesof the hardness of this material.


conductor and the localized d-bandelectrons of the magnetic transitionmetal (TM) ions, and consequently themagnetic phenomena, with a relativelysimple bandstructure. One charact-eristic feature associated with TMdoped III-V(N) semiconductors is thatthe host-bandgap serves as the “arena”for the localized TM-d-band electrons, inwhich the Fermi level is typically located.This, in principle, facilitates thepossibility to tune the magnetic behaviorby external perturbations. Through first-principles density-functional theorycalculations for isolated transition metaldoped GaN (TM=V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Nion cation sites), we have discovered anovel magnetic metastability in dilutemagnetic semiconductors time: Besidesthe expected ground high spin (HS)states (4µΒ/Mn and 5Β/Fe), there are alsometastable low spin (LS) states (0 µΒ/Mnand 1 µΒ/Fe). This phenomenon can beexplained in simple terms on the basis ofligand field theory. The transitionbetween the HS and LS statescorresponds to an intra-ionic transfer oftwo electrons between the t2 and eorbitals, accompanied by a spin-flipprocess. The results suggest that TM-doped wide-band semiconductors(such as GaN and AlN) may present anew type of light-induced spin-crossover materials.

NITRIDE-BASED SUPERHARDNANOCOMPOSITESThere has been considerable effort inrecent years in identifying anddeveloping new and improved super-and ultra-hard materials. Suchstructures clearly have huge potentialtechnological and industrialapplications, but are also of fundamentalinterest with regard to understanding themechanisms responsible for theenhanced hardness. In particular, themost challenging quest, to find amaterial harder, more stable, andoxidation resistant than diamond(hardness ≈90 GPa), is proving elusive.One strategy, however, that has lead toreported hardnesses equal to, andexceeding, that of diamond is basedupon a generic design concept involving

Fig.2

A candidate event containing a B meson decaying

purely to atoms

One of the highlights of 2006 for Bellewas the first observation of a purelyleptonic decay of a B meson. It has longbeen expected that decays such as B+ � τ+υ should occur, and now Bellehas established that indeed they do, ata rate of about 1 in 10000 of all Bdecays. An example candidate event isshown in the upper figure previouspage. The Standard Model picture of thedecay process is shown in the lowerfigure at left. One reason why processeslike this are very important to study isthat new as yet undiscovered species ofparticles can announce their presenceby adding extra paths by which thedecay can occur (replacing the virtualintermediate W boson). This could alter

The inner detector barrel of ATLAS being positioned in the experiment in 2006.


19

the decay rate from that expected fromthe Standard Model process. A chargedHiggs boson, as demanded bysupersymmetric models, would be onesuch new particle that could play thisrole.

The truly enormous ATLAS exper-iment at CERN made significant stepstowards completion during 2006. Itremains on track to start studyingproton – proton collisions (at 14 TeVCentre of Mass) early in 2008. Most ofthe experiment is now in place deepbeneath the countryside near Geneva.The photograph below shows part ofthe inner tracking detector, with whichAustralia has been involved, beinginserted into the centre of ATLAS late in

2006. Many of the subsystems of theexperiment are now recording cosmicray muons as part of theircommissioning tests.

ATLAS will search for many newphenomena once it is running. Theseinclude Higgs bosons, supersymmetricparticles, evidence for new dimensions,and mini-black holes. Locally we havewelcomed new graduate student JasonLee and postdoctoral researcher AldoSaavedra to the group in 2006, addingto our preparatory work on electronreconstruction, fast simulationtechniques for ATLAS calorimetry andstudies of how best to detect Higgsboson decays to tau leptons.

result the School initiated thedevelopment of a Master of AppliedNuclear Science degree (MApplNucSci)and Graduate Diploma of AppliedNuclear Science (GradDipApplNucSci)in the School of Physics based on theexperience in setting up thepostgraduate coursework for theMedical Physics program. This requiredextensive discussions with internal andexternal. The new courses were givenapproval by the Faculty of Science inDecember 2006 with planned first intakeof students in Semester 1, 2008. Withthe introduction of the nuclear scienceprogram there will be overlap in someunits of study with the medical physicsprogram. Common units of study willinclude Nuclear Physics; RadiationProtection and Health Physics; andRadiotherapy Physics and Dosimetry.

A number of research projects wereundertaken by academic staff, post-graduate and undergraduate studentsthrough ongoing collaborations withlocal hospitals and other externalinstitutions.

Significant research continues to beundertaken in the area of radiotherapygel dosimetry. As part of this work gel


20

INSTITUTE OF MEDICALPHYSICS

2006 was the third year that thepostgraduate coursework Masters ofMedical Physics (MMedPhys) degreeand Graduate Diploma in MedicalPhysics had operated in associationwith the Institute of Medical Physicswithin the School of Physics. From anenrolment of six postgraduate course-work students in 2004 and 17 in 2005,the total number of enrolled MMedPhysstudents increased to 22 in 2006. Thenumber of postgraduate studentsundertaking either MSc or PhD researchdegrees increased to eleven with themajority of projects being undertaken incollaboration with local hospitals andother external institutions.

Competitive research grants in 2006included income from $340,000 fromthe Cancer Council NSW and $408Kfrom the Australian Research Council forprojects on in-vivo verification ofradiotherapy dose delivery in cancer andmotion compensation in PositronEmission Tomography imaging.

In September 2006 the AustralianInstitute of Nuclear Science andEngineering (AINSE) in conjunction withthe Australian Nuclear Science andTechnology Organisation (ANSTO)proposed an Australian-wide School ofNuclear Science and Engineering. As a

materials are being developed tovalidate optical computerizedtomography (CT) scanners developedfor use in conjunction with radiation-induced polymerizing gel dosimeters.Materials based on the addition of lightabsorbing dyes to gelatine to simulategel dosimeters have been developed. Tosimulate polymerizing gels moreaccurately, other materials that employlight-scattering colloidal suspensionsare added to the gel. Initial results havebeen obtained using optical CTscanning to evaluate radiation-exposedpolymer gels to simulate the addition ofcolloidal suspensions of varyingturbidity. In the future, these materialsmay prove useful as calibration transferstandards for polymer gel dosimeters.

Other research projects andassociated collaborations involving staff,postgraduate and undergraduatestudents included:• Motion correction for radiation

oncology and medical imaging(Institute of Medical Physics, Schoolof Physics; Royal North Shore, RoyalPrince Alfred and Liverpool Hospitals;School of Medical Radiation Science;Brain and Mind Research Institute)

• Radiation dosimetry for radiationoncology and medical imaging(Institute of Medical Physics, Schoolof Physics; Royal North Shore,Westmead and Canberra Hospitals;ANSTO)

• Radiation biology of intensitymodulated radiation therapies(Institute of Medical Physics, Schoolof Physics; Bill Walsh CancerLaboratories; Royal North ShoreHospital)

• Functional and molecular imaging(Institute of Medical Physics, Schoolof Physics; Royal North Shore, Brainand Mind Research Institute)

• Development of radionuclidestandards (Institute of MedicalPhysics, School of Physics; ANSTO)

• Neutron flux characterisation of OPALnuclear reactor (School of Physics;ANSTO)

Reconstructed 3D images and optical data obtained

from the turbid layered finger phantom, using optical

computed tomography.


21

QUANTUM INFORMATIONTHEORY GROUP

The Quantum Information Theory (QIT)group continued to grow in 2006, with ayear filled with new students,workshops, research visitors, andexciting new results in quantumcomputing. Some highlights include: ● The QIT group hosted the first Sydney

Quantum Information TheoryWorkshop, held in Coogee in February2006. This workshop involved 30researchers and students fromSydney, Queensland, Griffith andMacquarie Universities as well asinvited international participants fromCaltech, Yale, and Calgary. A similarworkshop is currently being plannedfor 2008, with the aim of becoming thepremier Australian meeting in the field.

● We hosted 15 Australian andinternational researchers on researchvisits during 2006, including extendedvisits by scientists from Cambridge,Caltech, the Norwegian Institute forScience and Technology, and thePerimeter Institute for TheoreticalPhysics. In particular, Dr TerrenceRudolph from Imperial College Londonwas awarded a competitive USydShort-Term Visiting Fellowship and,together with his two PhD studentsNicholas Harrigan and MichaelVarnava, visited the QIT group for sixweeks.

● Funded by a USydney Research &Development grant, the QIT group isinvestigating how ensembles of atomsin cold gases can serve as quantum-enhanced “direction indicators,” usefulfor ultra-high-precision measurementsof magnetic fields. The key idea is totake advantage of spin-squeezing, aloophole in Heisenberg’s uncertaintyprinciple in which we greatly reducethe uncertainty in one direction at theexpense of another. In 2006, DanielYardley completed the first Honoursdegree within the QIT group with aninvestigation into how two such spin-squeezed ensembles can compensatefor each other and reach a quantum-enhanced precision in direction.

● In joint work with Dr Rudolph, wemade a significant breakthrough inunderstand how exotic quantumcomputers might one day be built.Quantum computers are potentiallymuch more powerful than thecomputers we use today, but building

SYDNEY UNIVERSITYPHYSICS EDUCATIONRESEARCH (SUPER)

The SUPER group has had a great yearin 2006, with the award of two nationalgrants, a publication by Derek Muller(PhD student) in a premier journal,Christine Lindstrom (Honours student)receiving the Best Honours thesis prizeand the VCs Award for Excellence inTeaching being awarded to ManjulaSharma. To top it off, two Thai studentssuccessfully spent a year of internshipeach with us.

The first national grant is from theAustralian School Innovation in Science,Technology and Mathematics, DEST onDeveloping Multimedia Tools for SeniorHigh School Physics and involvesworking with partner schools anddelivering cutting edge research intoschools. The second grant is from theCarrick Institute for Learning andTeaching in Higher Education and iscarrying forward earlier initiatives. Thefocus in this round is on serviceteaching, graduate destinations andlaboratory teaching. John OByrne isheading the graduate destinations effort.

Research in the group is progressingextremely well. We have been invited towrite chapters in books, a paper on thetransfer of mathematics skills was themost downloaded paper for that journalfor the year, work on classroomcommunications with Joe Khachan andJohn O’Byrne has been included in amajor review and work on studentunderstandings of gravity in anotherreview article.

a quantum computer is a hugechallenge. Most proposals toconstruct one involve building it fromscratch “atom by atom”. We haveshown that certain materials, whencooled down to a very lowtemperature, naturally form a quantumcomputer on their own. This way, wemay be able to get nature to build ourquantum computers for us – we justhave to find (or synthesize) the rightmaterial, then put it in the fridge! SeeFig. 1. This research was reported asa Rapid Communication in thePhysical Review.

Figure 1: A one-fifth-depleted square lattice of spin-1/2

quantum systems, where solid lines represent Ising

interactions and dashed lines Heisenberg

antiferromagnetic interactions. The low-energy

effective theory for this lattice is given by a Hamiltonian

with five-body terms (one such is shown) and yields a

ground state that is universal for measurement-based

quantum computation.

Chu Paul (2006). Control of stress anddelamination in single and multi-layercarbon thin films prepared by cathodicarc and RF plasma deposition andimplantation. Surface & CoatingsTechnology

McKenzie David Prof, Cooper Ian Mr(2006). All particle simulations ofcathodic arc plasmas. Journal ofApplied Physics

McKenzie David Prof, Imenes Anne Ms,Buie Damien Dr (2006). The design ofbroadband wide-angle interferencefilters for solar concentrating systems.Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells

McKenzie David Prof, Kwok Chung Dr,Bilek Marcela Prof, Ho Joan Ms, WangG, Chu Paul (2006). Anticoagulationbehavior of phosphorus -doped carbon(PxC) films synthesized by plasmaimmersion ion implantation anddeposition. New Diamond and FrontierCarbon Technology: an inter-nationaljournal on new diamond frontier carbonand related materials

Melrose Donald Prof, Fok Ricky Mr,Menezes Debora Dr (2006). Pairemission from bare magnetized strangestars. Monthly Notices of the RoyalAstronomical Society

Melrose Donald Prof, Watson Paul Dr(2006). Scintillation of radio sources:The role of caustics. AstrophysicalJournal

Melrose Donald Prof, Menezes DeboraDr, Providencia C (2006). Quark starswithin relativistic models. Journal ofPhysics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics

Melrose Donald Prof, Weise Jeanette Dr,McOrist Jock Mr (2006). Relativisticquantum plasma dispersion functions.Journal of Physics A: Mathematical andTheoretical (Print Edition)

Melrose Donald Prof, Menezes DeboraDr, Providencia C, Wu Kinwah (2006).Gamma-ray bursts and the QCD phasediagram. Physical Review C (NuclearPhysics)

Melrose Donald Prof, Miller Andrew,Karastergiou Aristeidis Dr, Luo QinghuanDr (2006). An empirical model for thepolarization of pulsar radio emission.Monthly Notices of the RoyalAstronomical Society


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OVERVIEW OFPUBLICATIONS JOURNALSLambert Jamil, McKenzie David Prof,Law Susan Dr, Suchowerska NatalkaA/Prof, Elsey Justin (2006). A PlasticScintillation Dosimeter for High DoseRate Brachytherapy. Physics in Medicineand Biology

Bakich Andrew Dr, Cole Shoshanna Ms,Varvell Kevin Dr, Yabsley Bruce Dr, Villa S,Abe K, Adachi I, Aihara H, Asano Y, et al(2006). Search for the decay B-0->gamma gamma. PHYSICAL REVIEW D

Cox Felicity Ms, Argyros Alexander Dr,Large Maryanne Dr (2006). Liquid-filledhollow core microstructured polymeroptical fiber. Optics Express

Tarrant Richard Dr, Warschkow Oliver Dr,McKenzie David Prof (2006). Ramanspectra of partially oriented sp(2) carbonfilms: Experimental and modelled.Vibrational Spectroscopy

Scholz M Dr, Ireland Michael Dr (2006).Observable effects of dust formation indynamic atmospheres of M-type Miravariables. Monthly Notices of the RoyalAstronomical Society

Davis John Prof, Ausseloos M, Aerts C,Lefever K, Harmanec P (2006). High-precision elements of double-linedspectroscopic binaries from combinedinterferometry and spectroscopy -Application to the beta Cephei star betaCentauri. Astronomy & Astrophysics: aEuropean journal

Davis John Prof (2006). Forty years ofprogress in long-baseline opticalinterferometry: 2005 Robert ElleryLecture. Astronomical Society ofAustralia. Publications (Print Edition)

Tango William Dr, Davis John Prof, JacobAndrew Mr, Mendez Alberto Dr, NorthJulian Mr, Tuthill Peter Dr, Ireland MichaelDr, Aerts C, Uytterhoeven, Seneta E B(2006). Orbital elements masses anddistance of lambda Scorpii A and Bdetermined with the Sydney UniversityStellar Interferometer and high-resolutionspectroscopy. Monthly Notices of theRoyal Astronomical Society

Hunstead Richard Prof, Fleenor M C,Rose J A, Christiansen Wayne A,Johnston-Hollitt Melanie, DrinkwaterMichael J, Saunders W (2006). Redshiftsand velocity dispersions of galaxy

clusters in the horologium-reticulumsupercluster. The Astronomical Journal

Klamer Ilana Ms, Johnston Helen Dr,Hunstead Richard Prof, Bryant Julia Dr,Sadler Elaine Prof, De Breuck Carlos,Rocca-Volmerange Brigitte (2006). Asearch for distant radio galaxies fromSUMSS and NVSS - II. Opticalspectroscopy. Monthly Notices of theRoyal Astronomical Society

Burgess Ann Dr, Hunstead Richard Prof(2006). The Molonglo Southern 4 Jysample (MS4). I. Definition. TheAstronomical Journal

Burgess Ann Dr, Hunstead Richard Prof(2006). The Molonglo Southern 4 Jysample (MS4). II. ATCA imaging andoptical identification. The AstronomicalJournal

Hunstead Richard Prof, Cox N L J Mr,McIntyre V, Subrahmanyan R (2006).SGRS J0515-8100: A fat-double giantradio galaxy. Astrophysical Journal

Cross Rodney A/Prof, Bower Rob (2006).Effects of swing-weight on swing speedand racket power. Journal of SportsSciences

Cross Rodney A/Prof (2006). Fatal fallsfrom a height: Two case studies. Journalof Forensic Sciences

Cross Rodney A/Prof (2006). The fall andbounce of pencils and other elongatedobjects. American Journal of Physics

James Brian A/Prof, Andruczyk DanielMr, Namba S, Takiyama K, Oda T (2006).A short-pulsed compact supersonichelium beam source for plasmadiagnostics. Plasma Devices andOperations

McKenzie David Prof, Bilek Marcela Prof,Ha Peter Mr, Kwok Chung Mr, Chu Paul(2006). Biocompatibility of calcium andphosphorus doped diamond-like carbonthin films synthesized by plasmaimmersion ion implantation anddeposition. Diamond and RelatedMaterials

McKenzie David Prof, Bilek Marcela Prof,Xiao X L, McCulloch D (2006). Themicrostructure and stability of Al/AlNmultilayered films. Journal of AppliedPhysics

McKenzie David Prof, Ha Peter Mr, BilekMarcela Prof, Doyle E D, McCulloch D,


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Bedding Timothy Prof, Brewer BrendonMr, Retter Alon Dr, Butler R P, CarrierFabien, Bouchy F, Eggenberger Patrick,Grundahl Frank, Kjeldsen H, McCarthyC, Tinney C G, Nielsen Tinebjärn (2006).Solar-like oscillations in the metal-poorsubgiant nu Indi: Constraining the massand age using asteroseismology.Astrophysical Journal

Bedding Timothy Prof, Dall T, SantosN.C., Arentoft T, Kjeldsen H (2006).Bisectors of the cross-correlationfunction applied to stellar spectra -Discriminating stellar activity oscillationsand planets. Astronomy & Astrophysics:a European journal

Bedding Timothy Prof, Kiss Laszlo Dr,Jacob Andrew Mr, Randall S, FontaineG, Green E M, Brassard P., Kilkenny D,Crause L, Terndrup D.M., Daane A, ForB Q, Quirion P, Chayer P. (2006).Asteroseismological studies of long-period variable subdwarf B stars. I. Amultisite campaign on PG 1627+017.Astrophysical Journal

Stello Dennis Mr, Bedding Timothy Prof,Kjeldsen H, Buzasi D L (2006).Oscillation mode lifetimes in xi Hydrae:will strong mode damping limitasteroseismology of red giant stars?.Astronomy & Astrophysics: a Europeanjournal

Bedding Timothy Prof, BoshuizenChristopher Mr, Monger Anthony Dr,Pfitzner Leigh M, Kjeldsen H (2006).MONS space telescope part 1: opticaldesign analysis. Optical Engineering

Hashemi-Nezhad Seyed Mr,Manolopoulou M, Fragopoolou M,Stoulos S, Koukorava C, Spyrou A,Perdikakis G, Zamani M (2006). Studieson the response of He-3 and He-4proportional counters to monoenergeticfast neutrons. Nuclear Instruments &Methods in Physics Research. SectionA. Accelerators Spectrometers Detect-ors and Associated Equipment

Breakspear Michael Dr, Roberts JamesMr, Robinson Peter Prof, Terry J A,Rodrigues S, Mahant N (2006). Aunifying explanation of primarygeneralized seizures through nonlinearbrain modeling and bifurcation analysis.Cerebral Cortex

Robinson Peter Prof, Drysdale Peter Dr,Rigozzi Michelle Ms, Kyriakou ElizabethMs, Rennie Christopher Dr, Van derMerwe H Mr, Germanoska B Mr (2006).

BOLD responses to stimuli:Dependence on frequency stimulusform amplitude and repetition rate.NeuroImage

Henderson J, Phillips Andrew Mr,Robinson Peter Prof (2006).Multielectrode electroencephalogrampower spectra: Theory and applicationto approximate correction of volumeconduction effects. Physical review EStatistical nonlinear and soft matterphysics

Robinson Peter Prof (2006). Patchypropagators brain dynamics and thegeneration of spatially structuredgamma oscillations. Physical review EStatistical nonlinear and soft matterphysics

Robinson Peter Prof, Hole Matthew Dr,Cairns Iver Prof (2006). Statistics ofpolarization and Stokes parameters:Multiple orthonormal wave populations.Physics of Plasmas

De Sterke Carel (Martijn) Prof, WhiteThomas Mr, McPhedran Ross Prof,Botten L C Prof (2006). Wide-anglecoupling into rod-type photonic crystalswith ultralow reflectance. Physicalreview E Statistical nonlinear and softmatter physics

De Sterke Carel (Martijn) Prof,McPhedran Ross Prof, Chen Shigang,Brnovic J Mr, Dossou K, Botten L C Dr,Asatryan A Dr (2006). Efficient couplersfor photonic crystal waveguides. OpticsCommunications

Steinvurzel P Mr, de Sterke Carel(Martijn) Prof, Eggleton Benjamin Prof,Kuhlmey Boris Dr, Steel Michael Dr(2006). Mode field distributions in solidcore photonic bandgap fibers. OpticsCommunications

De Sterke Carel (Martijn) Prof, Dignam MDr, Fussell D P Dr, Steel Michael Dr,McPhedran Ross Prof (2006).Spontaneous emission suppression viaquantum path interference in coupledmicrocavities. Physical Review Letters

De Sterke Carel (Martijn) Prof, Hansen RMr, Botten L C Dr (2006). Supermodesin multiple coupled photonic crystalwaveguides. Optics Express

Luo Qinghuan Dr (2006). Coherentsynchrotron emission from cosmic rayair showers. Monthly Notices of theRoyal Astronomical Society

Luo Qinghuan Dr, Melrose Donald Prof(2006). Anisotropic weak turbulence ofAlfven waves in collisionlessastrophysical plasmas. Monthly Noticesof the Royal Astronomical Society

Green Anne Assoc Prof, Paron Sergio A,Reynoso E M, Purcell Cormac, DubnerGloria M (2006). An atomic andmolecular study of the interstellarmedium around the supernova remnantRCW 103. Astronomical Society ofAustralia. Publications (Print Edition)

Green Anne Assoc Prof, Deacon RachelMs, Cohen M, Chapman J, Sault R J,Parker Quentin A. (2006). Radioobservations of the planetary nebulaaround the OH/IR star OH 354.88-0.54(V1018 Sco). Monthly Notices of theRoyal Astronomical Society

Green Anne Assoc Prof, Reynoso EstelaDr, Johnston S, Koribalski B (2006).High-resolution H I and radio continuumobservations of the SNR G290.1-0.8.Monthly Notices of the RoyalAstronomical Society

Green Anne Assoc Prof, Haverkorn M,Brown J A C, Bizunok N S, Gaensler BM Prof, McClure-Griffiths N Dr, Dickey JM (2006). Enhanced small-scale faradayrotation in the galactic spiral arms.Astrophysical Journal

Khachan Joseph Dr, Shrier Oded Mr,Bosi Stephen Dr (2006). A Markov chainapproach to modelling charge exchangeprocesses of an ion beam inmonotonically increasing or decreasingpotentials. Journal of Physics A:Mathematical and Theoretical (PrintEdition)

Khachan Joseph Dr, Shrier Oded Mr,Bosi Stephen Dr, Fitzgerald Michael Mr,Evans Nicholas Mr (2006). Diverging ionmotion in an inertial electrostaticconfinement discharge. Physics ofPlasmas

Reynoso Estela Dr, Johnston Simon Dr,Green Anne Assoc Prof, Dubner GloriaM, Giacani E (2006). The interior of theSNR RX J0852.0-4622 (Vela Jr) at radiowavelengths. Astronomy & Astro-physics: a European journal

Johnston Simon Dr, Karastergiou ArisDr, Willett Kyle (2006). High-frequencyobservations of southern pulsars.Monthly Notices of the RoyalAstronomical Society


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Sadler Elaine Prof, Hancock Paul Mr,Walker Mark Dr, Murphy Tara Dr, RicciRoberto, Ekers R, Ekers J A, Jackson C,Kesteven M J, Phillips C, ReinfrankRobert F, Staveley-Smith L,Subrahmanyan R, Wilson W, De ZottiGianfranco (2006). The properties ofextragalactic radio sources selected at20 GHz. Monthly Notices of the RoyalAstronomical Society

Vladimirov Serguei Prof, Kompaneets R,Ivlev A. V., Tsytovich V, Morfill G E (2006).Dust clusters with non-Hamiltonianparticle dynamics. Physics of Plasmas

Vladimirov Serguei Prof, Tsytovich V,Morfill G E (2006). Size of dust voids asa function of the power input in dustyplasma. Journal of Experimental andTheoretical Physics

Vladimirov Serguei Prof, Morfill G E,Yaroshenko V.V. (2006). Bending modesin the hexagonal dust-plasma crystal.Physics of Plasmas

Vladimirov Serguei Prof, Tsytovich V,Vaulina O.S., Petrov O.F., Fortov V.E.(2006). Theory of dust self-organizedconvection in cylindrical discharges. I.The model and stationary nonlinear duststructures. Physics of Plasmas

Vladimirov Serguei Prof, Tsytovich V,Vaulina O.S., Petrov O.F., Fortov V.E.(2006). Theory of dust self-organizedconvection in cylindrical discharges. II.Dust convective structures. Physics ofPlasmas

Vladimirov Serguei Prof, Vaulina O.S.,Repin A. Yu., Goree J (2006). Effect ofelectrostatic plasma oscillations on thekinetic energy of a chargedmacroparticle. Physics of Plasmas

Weise Jeanette Dr, Melrose Donald Prof(2006). Vacuum polarization insupercritical fields and at frequenciesabove 2m. PHYSICAL REVIEW D

Ng Kwok Dr, So Lai Ms, Bilek MarcelaProf, Pigram P, Brack N (2006). X-rayphotoelectron spectroscopic study ofthe surface chemistry of soda-lime glassin vacuum. Surface and InterfaceAnalysis

Lenzen Manfred Dr (2006). Uncertaintyin impact and externality assessments -Implications for decision-making.International Journal of Life CycleAssessment

Lenzen Manfred Dr, Wood Richard(2006). Zero-value problems of thelogarithmic mean divisia indexdecomposition method. Energy Policy

Lenzen Manfred Dr, Dey Christopher Dr,Wood Richard, Lundie S (2006). Acomparative study of someenvironmental impacts of conventionaland organic farming in Australia.Agricultural Systems

Lenzen Manfred Dr (2006).Decomposition analysis and the mean-rate-of-change index. Applied Energy

Dey Christopher Dr, Royne Anja Dr(2006). Effect of nozzle geometry onpressure drop and heat transfer insubmerged jet arrays. InternationalJournal of Heat and Mass Transfer

Wheatland Michael Dr (2006). A rate-independent test for solar flaresympathy. Solar Physics: a journal forsolar and solar-stellar research and thestudy of solar terrestrial physics

Wheatland Michael Dr, Liu Y, McTiernanJim, Regnier Stephane, Valori Gherardo,Wiegelmann Thomas, Schrijver Carolus,Derosa Marc, Metcalf Thomas R (2006).Nonlinear force-free modeling of coronalmagnetic fields part I: A quantitativecomparison of methods. Solar Physics:a journal for solar and solar-stellarresearch and the study of solarterrestrial physics

Wheatland Michael Dr, Barnes G, LekaK D (2006). Quantifying the performanceof force-free extrapolation methodsusing known solutions. AstrophysicalJournal

Cairns Iver Prof, McMillan Ben Dr(2006). Lower hybrid turbulence drivenby parallel currents and associatedelectron energization. Physics ofPlasmas

Cairns Iver Prof, Ivanov Alexey Dr(2006). Nontrapping arrest of Langmuirwave damping near the thresholdamplitude. Physical Review Letters

Tarrant Richard Dr, Devasahayam SheilaDr, McKenzie David Prof, Bilek MarcelaProf (2006). The distribution and depthof ion doses implanted into wedges byplasma immersion ion implantation indrifting and stationary plasmas. PlasmaSources Science and Technology

Tarrant Richard Dr, Andruczyk Daniel Mr,James Brian A/Prof, Bilek Marcela Prof,Warr George Dr (2006). Langmuir probestudy of a titanium pulsed filteredcathodic arc discharge. Plasma SourcesScience and Technology

O'Toole Simon Dr, Jeffery C S, Heber U,Dreizler S, Schuh S L, Woolf V M, Et al(2006). The MSST campaign: 4 mspectroscopy of PG 1605+072. BALTICASTRONOMY

Tuthill Peter Dr, Monnier J D, TannerAngelle, Figer Donald, Ghez Andrea,Danchi W C (2006). Pinwheels in thequintuplet cluster. Science

Tuthill Peter Dr, Millan-Gabet R, MonnierJ D, Akeson R L, Hartmann L, Berger JP, Tannirkulum A, Melnikov S, BillmeierR, Calvet N, D'Alessio P, Hillenbrand LA, Kuchner M, Traub W A, Beichman C,Boden A, Booth A, Colavita M, Creech-Eakman M, Gathright J, Hrynevych M,Koresko C, Le Mignant D, Ligon R,Mennesson B, Neyman C, Sargent A,Shao X M, Swain M, Thompson R,Unwin S, van Belle G, Vasisht G,Wizinowich P (2006). Keckinterferometer observations of FUOrionis objects. Astrophysical Journal

Li Bo Dr, Robinson Peter Prof, CairnsIver Prof (2006). Quasilinear calculationof Langmuir wave generation and beampropagation in the presence of densityfluctuations. Physics of Plasmas

Li Bo Dr, Robson R.E, White R.D.(2006). Magnetic field effects on spatialrelaxation of swarm particles in theidealized steady-state Townsendexperiment. Physical review E Statisticalnonlinear and soft matter physics

Kocer Cenk Dr, Hirosaki N, Ogata S(2006). The strength and hardness ofcubic spinel SiAlON (c-Si6-zAlzOzN8-zz=1). Scripta Materialia

Samarian Alexandre Dr, Couedel L,Mikikian M, Boufendi L (2006). Residualdust charges in discharge afterglow.Physical review E Statistical nonlinearand soft matter physics

Klamer Ilana Ms, Bryant Julia Dr,Hunstead Richard Prof, Sadler ElaineProf, Ekers R D, De Breuck Carlos(2006). A search for distant radiogalaxies from SUMSS and NVSS - III.Radio spectral energy distributions andthe z-alpha correlation. Monthly Noticesof the Royal Astronomical Society


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Bilek Marcela Prof, McKenzie David Prof(2006). A comprehensive model ofstress generation and relief processes inthin films deposited with energetic ions.Surface & Coatings Technology

Bilek Marcela Prof, Newton-McGeeKatherine Ms, McKenzie David Prof,McCulloch Dougal (2006). The role ofenergetic ions from plasma in thecreation of nanostructured materials andstable polymer surface treatments.Nuclear Instruments & Methods inPhysics Research. Section A.Accelerators Spectrometers Detectorsand Associated Equipment

Steel Bradley Mr, McKenzie David Prof,Bilek Marcela Prof, dos RemediosCristobal Prof, Nosworthy Neil Dr(2006). Nanosecond responses ofproteins to ultra-high temperaturepulses. Biophysical Journal.

Littler Ian Dr, Rochette M Dr, EggletonBenjamin Prof (2006). Impact ofchromatic dispersion and group delayripple on self-phase modulation basedoptical regenerators. OpticsCommunications

Littler Ian Dr, Fu Libin Dr, Lee Michael Mr,Eggleton Benjamin Prof (2006).Investigation of single harmonic groupdelay ripple on picosecond pulses usingFROG: Tailoring pulse bursts. OpticsCommunications

Littler Ian Dr, Grujic Thomas Mr,Eggleton Benjamin Prof (2006).Photothermal effects in fiber Bragggratings. Applied Optics

Littler Ian Dr, Chow J H, McClelland D E,Gray M B (2006). Laser frequency-noise-limited ultrahigh resolution remotefiber sensing. Optics Express

Littler Ian Dr, Domachuk Peter Mr,Cronin-Golomb M Prof, EggletonBenjamin Prof (2006). Compactresonant integrated microfluidicrefractometer. Applied Physics Letters

Gan Bee Dr, Bilek Marcela Prof,Kondyurin Aleksey Dr, Mizuno K Dr,McKenzie David Prof (2006). Etchingand structural changes in nitrogenplasma immersion ion implantedpolystyrene films. Nuclear Instruments &Methods in Physics Research. SectionB. Beam Interactions with Materials andAtoms

Gan Bee Dr, Davies Kerrie Dr, McKenzieDavid Prof, Latella B A, McCulloch D(2006). Titanium nitride/vanadium nitridealloy coatings: mechanical propertiesand adhesion characteristics. Surface &Coatings Technology

Yin Yongbai Dr, Proschek Michael Mr,McKenzie David Prof, Bilek MarcelaProf, Hang Lingxia Mr (2006). A novelmethod for thickness profile control inRF PECVD deposition on large areasubstrates. Surface & CoatingsTechnology

Yin Yongbai Dr, Bilek Marcela Prof,McKenzie David Prof (2006). The originsof self-bias on dielectric substrates in RFplasma processing. Surface & CoatingsTechnology

Yin Yongbai Dr, McKenzie David Prof,Bilek Marcela Prof (2006). Analyticanalysis on asymmetrical micro arcing inhigh plasma potential RF plasmasystems. Plasma Sources Science andTechnology

Yin Yongbai Dr, Hang Lingxia Mr, JunqiXu (2006). Optimisation of diamond-likecarbon films by unbalanced magnetronsputtering for infrared transmissionenhancement. Thin Solid Films

Kwok Tat-Kun Dr (2006). Numericalsimulation of metal plasma immersionion implantation and deposition on adielectric wedge. IEEE Transactions onPlasma Science

Lewis Geraint A/Prof, Swinbank A M,Chapman S C, Smail Ian, Lindner C,Borys C, Blain A W, Ivison R J (2006).The link between submillimetre galaxiesand luminous ellipticals: near-infraredIFU spectroscopy of submillimetregalaxies. Monthly Notices of the RoyalAstronomical Society

Lewis Geraint A/Prof, McConnachie A,Chapman S C, Ibata R A, Ferguson A MN, Irwin M J, Tanvir N R, Martin NG(2006). The stellar halo and outer disk ofM33. Astrophysical Journal

Lewis Geraint A/Prof, Tuntsov Artem Mr(2006). Microlensing in phase space - I.Continuous propagation of variabilitymoments. Monthly Notices of the RoyalAstronomical SocietyLewis Geraint A/Prof, Tuntsov Artem Mr(2006). Microlensing in phase space - II.Correlations analysis. Monthly Noticesof the Royal Astronomical Society

Lewis Geraint A/Prof, Gil-MerinoRodrigo Dr (2006). Quasar microlensing:When compact masses mimic smoothmatter. Astrophysical Journal

Lewis Geraint A/Prof, Gil-MerinoRodrigo Dr (2006). Seeing star formationregions with gravitational microlensing.Astrophysical Journal

Lewis Geraint A/Prof, Ibata R A (2006).Gravitational microlensing of quasarbroad-line regions: the influence offractal structures. Monthly Notices of theRoyal Astronomical Society

Lewis Geraint A/Prof, Conn Blair Mr,Martin NG, Irwin M J, Ibata R A,Bellazzini Michele, Chapman S C, TanvirN (2006). A radial velocity survey of lowGalactic latitude structures - III. TheMonoceros Ring in front of the Carinaand Andromeda galaxies. MonthlyNotices of the Royal AstronomicalSociety

Lewis Geraint A/Prof, Conn Blair Mr,Bellazzini Michele, Ibata R, Martin NG,Irwin M J (2006). The core of the CanisMajor galaxy as traced by red clumpstars. Monthly Notices of the RoyalAstronomical Society

Lewis Geraint A/Prof, Brewer BrendonMr (2006). Strong gravitational lensinversion: a bayesian approach.Astrophysical Journal

Lewis Geraint A/Prof, Balogh Michael L,Babul Arif, Voitiskova M, McCarthy IanG, Ebeling Harald, Jones L. An analyticinvestigation of the scatter in theintegrated X-ray properties of galaxygroups and clusters. Monthly Notices ofthe Royal Astronomical Society

Eggleton Benjamin Prof, Iredale T,Steinvurzel P Mr (2006). Electric-arc-induced long-period gratings in fluid-filled photonic bandgap fibre.Electronics Letters

Eggleton Benjamin Prof, Lamont M Mr,Rochette M Dr, Moss David Dr (2006).Two-photon absorption effects on self-phase-modulation-based 2R opticalregeneration. IEEE PhotonicsTechnology Letters

Blows Justin Dr, Hu Pei, EggletonBenjamin Prof (2006) Differential groupdelay monitoring using an all-opticalsignal spectrum-analyser. OpticsCommunications


26

Kiss Laszlo Dr, Derekas Aliz Ms, MooreAlison, Abraham P, Kiss C.S., Apai D,Grady D., Henning C. TH (2006). Nearbydebris disk systems with high fractionalluminosity reconsidered. AstrophysicalJournal

Kiss Laszlo Dr, Bedding Timothy Prof,Jacob Andrew Mr, Green B.Q.,O'Donoghue E.M, Randall S, FontaineG, O'Toole Simon J, Hyde E A (2006).First attempt at spectroscopic detectionof gravity modes in the long-periodpulsating subdwarf B star PG1627+017. Astrophysical Journal

Brewer Brendon Mr, Lewis GeraintA/Prof (2006). The Einstein Ring 0047-2808 Revisited: A Bayesian Inversion.Astrophysical Journal

Bolger Jeremy Dr, Rochette M Dr,Eggleton Benjamin Prof, Magne J,LaRochelle S, Chen LawrenceGeneration of a 4 x 100 GHz pulse-trainfrom a single-wavelength 10-GHzmode-locked laser using superimposedfiber Bragg gratings and nonlinearconversion. Journal of LightwaveTechnology R, Azana Jose (2006).

Stampfl Catherine Prof, Hao ShiqiangDr, Delley B, Veprek Stan (2006).Superhard nitride-based nanocompos-ites: Role of interfaces and effect ofimpurities. Physical Review Letters

Stampfl Catherine Prof, Hao ShiqiangDr, Delley B (2006). Structure andproperties of TiN(111)/SixNy/TiN(111)interfaces in superhard nanocompos-ites: First-principles investigations.Physical Review B

Stampfl Catherine Prof, Hao ShiqiangDr, Delley B (2006). Role of oxygen in TiN(111)/SixNy/TiN(111) interfaces:Implications for superhard nanocrystal-line nc-TiN/a-Si3N4 nanocomposites.Physical Review B

Stampfl Catherine Prof, Da Silva JuarezL.F. Dr, Scheffler M R (2006). Convergedproperties of clean metal surfaces by all-electron first-principles calculations.Surface Science

Magi Eric Dr, Domachuk Peter Mr,Eggleton Benjamin Prof, Cronin-Grolomb Mark Prof (2006). Actuation ofcantilevers by optical trapping. AppliedPhysics Letters

Magi Eric Dr, Moore Eric Mr, SteinvurzelP Mr, Eggleton Benjamin Prof (2006).

Tuning properties of long period gratingsin photonic bandgap fibers. OpticsLetters

Pudo D Mr, Magi Eric Dr, EggletonBenjamin Prof (2006). Long-periodgratings in chalcogenide fibers. OpticsExpress

Steinvurzel P Mr, Magi Eric Dr, KuhlmeyBoris Dr, Eggleton Benjamin Prof, MooreE D (2006). Long period gratingresonances in photonic bandgap fiber.Optics Express

Mo L Mr, Baldock Clive Prof, Cassette P(2006). The influence of rejection of afraction of the single photoelectron peakin liquid scintillation counting. NuclearInstruments & Methods in PhysicsResearch. Section A. Accelerators,Spectrometers, Detectors andAssociated Equipment

Baldock Clive Prof, Mo L Mr, Davies J BMr, Reinhardt L, Alexieva D (2006).Calibration of the Capintec CRC-712Mdose calibrator for F-18. AppliedRadiation and Isotopes

Kuhlmey Boris Dr, PathmanandavelKarrnan Mr, McPhedran Ross Prof(2006). Multipole analysis of photoniccrystal fibers with coated inclusions.Optics Express

Ostrikov Kostyantyn Dr, Tam Eugene Mr,Levchenko Igor Dr (2006). Deterministicshape control in plasma-aided nanotipassembly. Journal of Applied Physics

Ostrikov Kostyantyn Dr, Levchenko IgorDr, Keidar M, Xu S (2006). Deterministicnanoassembly: Neutral or plasmaroute?. Applied Physics Letters

Ostrikov Kostyantyn Dr, Xu S, Long J D,Huang S Y (2006). Integrated plasma-aided nanofabrication facility: Operationparameters and assembly of quantumstructures and functional nanomaterials.Vacuum

Ostrikov Kostyantyn Dr, Levchenko IgorDr, Keidar M, Yu M Y (2006).Suppression of current fluctuations in acrossed ExB field system for low-voltage plasma immersion treatment.Journal of Applied Physics

Ostrikov Kostyantyn Dr, Long J D,Rutkevychb P P, Xu S (2006). Synthesisof functional nanoassemblies in reactiveplasmas. Vacuum

Grillet Christian Dr, Smith Cameron Mr,Magi Eric Dr, Moss David Dr, EggletonBenjamin Prof, Freeman Darren,Madden Steve, Luther-Davies B (2006).Efficient coupling to chalcogenide glassphotonic crystal waveguides via silicaoptical fiber nanowires. Optics Express

Houska J Mr, Warschkow Oliver Dr,Bilek Marcela Prof, McKenzie DavidProf, Vicek J, Potocky S (2006). Theeffect of argon on the structure ofamorphousSiBCN materials: an experi-mental and ab initio study. Journal ofPhysics: Condensed Matter

Warschkow Oliver Dr, Ellis D E, TerraJoice, Jiang M, Gonzalez Gabriela,Okajinski J F, Bedzyke M J, RossiAlexandre M, Eon Jean-Guillaume(2006). A theoretical and experimentalstudy of lead substitution in calciumhydroxyapatite. Physical ChemistryChemical Physics

Warschkow Oliver Dr, Marks Nigel Dr,McKenzie David Prof, Schofield StephenR, Curson N.J., Wilson Hugh F,Simmons M Y, Smith P V, Radny Marian,Clark Robert G (2006). Phosphinedissociation and diffusion on Si(001)observed at the atomic scale. Journal ofPhysical Chemistry B: CondensedMatter Materials Surfaces Interfaces &Biophysical

Warschkow Oliver Dr, Miljacic L J, Ellis DE, Gonzalez G B, Mason T O (2006).Interstitial oxygen in tin-doped indiumoxide transparent conductors. Journalof the American Ceramic Society

Moss David Dr, Nguyen Hong Mr,Finsterbusch Klaus Prof, EggletonBenjamin Prof (2006). Dispersion innonlinear figure of merit of As2Se3chalcogenide fibre. Electronics Letters

Bastug Turgut Dr, Patra Swarna Dr,Kuyucak Serdar Dr (2006). Finite systemand periodicity effects in free energysimulations of membrane proteins.Chemical Physics Letters

Bastug Turgut Dr, Patra Swarna Dr,Kuyucak Serdar Dr (2006). Moleculardynamics simulations of gramicidin A ina lipid bilayer: From structure-functionrelations to force fields. Chemistry andPhysics of Lipids

Bastug Turgut Dr, Kuyucak Serdar Dr(2006). Molecular dynamics simulationsof calcium binding in gramicidin A.Chemical Physics Letters


27

Bastug Turgut Dr, Kuyucak Serdar Dr(2006). Energetics of ion permeationrejection binding and block in gramicidinA from free energy simulations.Biophysical Journal

Bastug Turgut Dr, Gray-Weale Angus Dr,Patra Swarna Dr, Kuyucak Serdar Dr(2006). Role of protein flexibility in ionpermeation: A case study in gramicidinA. Biophysical Journal

Tomljenovic-Hanic Snjezana Dr, deSterke Carel (Martijn) Prof, Steel MichaelDr (2006). Diamond based photoniccrystal microcavities. Optics Express

Tomljenovic-Hanic Snjezana Dr, deSterke Carel (Martijn) Prof, Steel MichaelDr (2006). Packing density of convent-ional waveguides and photonic crystalwaveguides. Optics Communications

Cui Xiangyuan Dr, Stampfl CatherineProf, Delley B, Freeman AJ (2006).Magnetic metastability in tetrahedrallybonded magnetic III-Nitride semi-conductors. Physical Review Letters

Rochette M Dr, Fu Libin Dr, Taeed VahidMr, Moss David Dr, Eggleton BenjaminProf (2006). 2R optical regeneration: Anall-optical solution for BERimprovement. IEEE Journal on SelectedTopics in Quantum Electronics

Taeed Vahid Mr, Fu Libin Dr, Littler IanDr, Moss David Dr, Rochette M Dr,Eggleton Benjamin Prof, Shokooh-Saremi Mehrdad Mr, Ruan Y, Luther-Davies B (2006). Self-phase modulation-based integrated optical regeneration inchalcogenide waveguides. IEEE Journalon Selected Topics in QuantumElectronics

Fu Libin Dr, Littler Ian Dr, FuerbachAlexander Dr, Eggleton Benjamin Prof(2006). Efficient optical pulsecompression using chalcogenide single-mode fibers. Applied Physics Letters

Taeed Vahid Mr, Fu Libin Dr, Pelusi MarkDr, Rochette M Dr, Littler Ian Dr, MossDavid Dr, Eggleton Benjamin Prof(2006). Error Free All Optical WavelengthConversion in Highly Nonlinear SingleMode As2Se3Chalcogenide Fiber.Optics Express

Morrow Richard Dr, Bilek Marcela Prof,McKenzie David Prof (2006). The time-dependent development of electricdouble-layers in saline solutions. Journalof Physics D-Applied Physics

Bartlett Stephen Dr, Rudolph Terry Dr,Spekkens R W (2006). Dialogueconcerning two views on quantumcoherence: Factist and fictionist.International Journal of QuantumInformation

Bartlett Stephen Dr, Rudolph Terry Dr,Spekkens R W, Turner Peter S (2006).Degradation of a quantum referenceframe. New Journal of Physics

Bartlett Stephen Dr, Doherty Andrew,Spekkens Robert W, Wiseman H M(2006). Entanglement under restrictedoperations: Analogy to mixed-stateentanglement. Physical Review A

Bartlett Stephen Dr, Ralph T C, O'BrienJ L, Wiseman H M, Pryde G. J. (2006).Quantum nondemolition measurementsfor quantum information. PhysicalReview A

Ekins-Daukes Nicholas Dr, Sasaki T,Arafune K, Lee H S, Tanaka S, OhshitaY, Yamaguchi M (2006). Effects ofthermal cycle annealing on reduction ofdefect density in lattice-mismatchedInGaAs solar cells. Physica B -Condensed Matter

Canvin James Dr, Laing R A, Bridle A H(2006). Magnetic fields in jets: orderedor disordered?. AstronomischeNachrichten

Canvin James Dr, Laing R A, Cotton WD, Bridle A H, Parma P (2006). Faradayrotation variations along radio jets: themagnetic field in galaxy and grouphalos. Astronomische Nachrichten

Canvin James Dr, Laing R A, Cotton WD, Bridle A H (2006). Multifrequencyobservations of the jets in the radiogalaxy NGC 315. Monthly Notices of theRoyal Astronomical Society

Watson Paul Dr, Melrose Donald Prof(2006). Scintillation of radio sources:The signature of a caustic. AstrophysicalJournal

Soon Aloysius Dr, Stampfl Catherine Prof,Todorova Mira Dr, Delley B (2006).Oxygen adsorption and stability of surfaceoxides on Cu(111): A first-principlesinvestigation. Physical Review B

Hopkins Andrew Dr. Georgakakis A,Afonso J, Sullivan M, Mobasher B,Cram L.E (2006). The Phoenix DeepSurvey: the star formation rates and thestellar masses of extremely red objects.

Monthly Notices of the RoyalAstronomical Society

Derekas Aliz Ms, Young T B, Hidas M G,Webb J K, Ashley M C B, Christiansen JL, Nutto C (2006). A new detached K7dwarf eclipsing binary system. MonthlyNotices of the Royal AstronomicalSociety

Bruntt Hans Dr, Southworth J, Torres G,Penny A J, Clausen J V, Buzasi D L(2006). Eclipsing binaries observed withthe WIRE satellite - I. Discovery andphotometric analysis of the new brightA0 IV eclipsing binary psi Centauri.Astronomy & Astrophysics: a Europeanjournal

Scholz M Dr, Ohnaka K, Wood P (2006).Comparison of dynamical modelatmospheres of Mira variables with mid-infrared interferometric andspectroscopic observations. Astronomy& Astrophysics: a European journal

Menezes Debora Dr, Avancini S S(2006). Density dependentparametrization models: Formalism andapplications. Physical Review C (NuclearPhysics)

Menezes Debora Dr, Providencia C,Brito L, Avancini S S, Chomaz P H(2006). Low-density instabilities inrelativistic asymmetric matter ofcompact stars. Physical Review C(Nuclear Physics)

Breakspear Michael Dr, Das Pritha Mr,Williams Leanne Assoc Prof, AquinoKevin Mr, Bullmore Ed T (2006). Themultiscale character of evoked corticalactivity. NeuroImage

Brand George Dr (2006). Enhancedelectromagnetic wave transmissionthrough narrow conducting channels.American Journal of Physics

Lamont M Mr, Beard P C (2006). 2Dimaging of ultrasound fields using CCDarray to map output of Fabry-Perotpolymer film sensor. Electronics LettersBakich Andrew Dr, Cole Shoshanna Ms,McOnie Samuel Mr, Yabsley Bruce Dr,Stoeck Holger Dr, Chistov R, Abe K,Adachi I, Aihara H, Anipko D, Et al(2006). Observation of new statesdecaying into Lambda K-c(-)pi(+) andLambda K-+(c)S(0)pi(-). Physical ReviewLetters

Brand Fergus Dr (2006). LightwavePropagation in Subwavelength Holes.


28

International Journal of Infrared andMillimeter Waves

Warschkow Oliver Dr, Marks Nigel Dr,Wilson Hugh, McKenzie David Prof -Radny Marian, Smith P V, Breusch T,Curson N.J., Schofield Stephen R,Simmons M Y (2006). Importance ofcharging in atomic resolution scanningtunneling microscopy: study of singlephosphorous atom in a Si(001) surface.Physical Review B

Tsoy Eduard Dr, de Sterke Carel (Martijn)Prof (2006). Dynamics of ultrashortpulses near zero dispersion wavelength.Journal of the Optical Society ofAmerica B-Optical Physics

Baldock Clive Prof, Vial Philip Mr, OliverLynne Dr, Green Peter B (2006). Anexperimental investigation into theradiation field offset of a dynamicmultileaf collimeter. Physics in Medicineand Biology

Large Maryanne Dr, Argyros AlexanderDr, Cox Felicity Ms, Van EijkelenborgMartijn Dr, Bassett Ian Dr, Lwin Richard,Barton Geoffrey Mr, Ponrathnam S.,Pujari N.S. (2006). MicrostructuredPolymer Optical Fibres: NewOpportunities and Challenges.Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals

Bilek Marcela Prof, Swain Michael Prof,McKenzie David Prof, Lim Sunnie Dr,McCulloch D, du P e, Wuhrer R (2006).The effect of plasma immersion ionimplantation on the contact pressureand composition of titanium nitride thinfilms. Surface & Coatings Technology

Roy Maitreyee Dr, Cox Guy Dr,Hariharan Parameswaran Dr, SheppardC J Prof (2006). White-light interferencemicroscopy: a way to obtain high lateralresolution over an extended range ofheights. Optics Express

Hashemi-Nezhad Seyed Dr, AlamatsazM H (2006). Detection of chargedparticle tracks in the volume of CN-85detectors; attributed to neutrons.Radiation Measurements

Fussell D P Dr, Magi Eric Dr, McPhedranRoss Prof, Eggleton Benjamin Prof, deSterke Carel (Martijn) Prof, Myers S.J,Dawes JM (2006). Manipulation ofspontaneous emission in a taperedphotonic crystal fibre. Optical Society ofAmerica Journal A: Optics ImageScience and Vision

Taeed Vahid Mr, Lamont M Mr, MossDavid Dr, Eggleton Benjamin Prof, ChoiD, Madden Steve, Luther-Davies Barry(2006). All optical wavelengthconversion via cross phase modulationin chalcogenide glass rib waveguides.Optics Express

Kuhlmey Boris Dr, Nguyen Hong Mr,Steel Michael Dr, Eggleton BenjaminProf (2006). Confinement loss inadiabatic photonic crystal fiber tapers.Journal of the Optical Society ofAmerica B-Optical Physics

Grillet Christian Dr, McPhedran RossProf, Moss David Dr, Steel Michael Dr,Eggleton Benjamin Prof, FreemanDarren, Luther-Davies Barry, MaddenSteve (2006). Characterisation andmodeling of Fano resonances inchalcogenide photonic crystalmembranes. Optics Express

Tomljenovic-Hanic Snjezana Dr, deSterke Carel (Martijn) Prof, Steel MichaelDr (2006). Design of high-Q cavities inphotonic crystal slab heterostructuresby air-holes infiltration. Optics Express

Baker Neil Mr, Lee Hong, Littler Ian Dr,de Sterke Carel (Martijn) Prof, EggletonBenjamin Prof, Choi D, Madden Steve,Luther-Davies Barry (2006). SampleBragg gratings in chalcogenide (As2S3)rib waveguides. Optics Express

Steinvurzel P Mr, de Sterke Carel(Martijn) Prof, Steel Michael Dr, KuhlmeyBoris Dr, Eggleton Benjamin Prof (2006).Single scatterer Fano resonances insolid core photonic band gap fibers.Optics Express

Adams Rhys Mr, Rochette M Dr, NgTrina Ms, Eggleton Benjamin Prof(2006). All-Optical In-Band OSNRMonitoring at 40Gb/s Using a NonlinearOptical Loop Mirror. IEEE PhotonicsTechnology Letters

Lamont M Mr, Fu Libin Dr, Rochette MDr, Moss David Dr, Eggleton BenjaminProf (2006). 2R optical regenerator inAs2Se3 chalcogenide fibercharacterized by a frequency-resolvedoptical gating analysis. Optical Societyof America Journal A: Optics ImageScience and Vision

Mok Joe Mr, de Sterke Carel (Martijn)Prof, Littler Ian Dr, Eggleton BenjaminProf (2006). Dispersionless slow lightusing gap solitons. Nature Physics

Bolger Jeremy Dr, Eggleton BenjaminProf, Sukhorukov Andrey A., NeshevDragomir N., Dreischuh Alexander,Fischer Robert, Ha Sangwoo,Krolikowski WZ, Mitchell Arnan, KivsharYuri S. (2006). Polychromatic nonlinearsurface modes generated bysupercontinuum light. Optics Express

Wickham Shelley Ms, Large MaryanneDr, Poladian Leon Dr, Jermiin Lars Dr(2006). Exaggeration and suppressionof iridescence: the evolution of two-dimensional butterfly structural colours.Journal of the Royal Society Interface

Lee Kenneth Mr, Fleming Simon Prof,Blows Justin Dr (2006). Poling of singleelectrode fibre with polyimideconductive coating and investigation ofpoling mechanism. Electronics Letters

Ord Stephen Dr, Jenet F A, Straten W Van,Hobbs J B, Manchester R, Verbiest J P W,Edwards R T, Sarkissian J M, Bailes M,Hotan A W (2006). Upper bounds on thelow-frequency stochastic gravitational wavebackground from pulsar timing observation:Current Limits and Future Prospects.Astrophysical Journal

Law Susan Dr, Fleming Simon Prof,Suchowerska Natalka A/Prof, McKenzieDavid Prof (2006). Optical Fiber designand the trapping of Cerenkov radiation.Applied Optics

Bartlett Stephen Dr, Jones S J,Wiseman H M, Vaccaro J A, Pope D T(2006). Entanglement and Symmetry: ACase Study in Superselection RulesReference Frames and Beyond.Physical Review A

Bartlett Stephen Dr, Dowling Mark R,Rudolph Terry Dr, Spekkens Robert W(2006). Observing coherent super-position of an atom and a molecule.Physical Review A

Bartlett Stephen Dr, Rudolph Terry Dr(2006). Simple nearest-neighbour two-body Hamiltonian system for which theground state is a universal resource forquantum computation. Physical Review A

Tuthill Peter Dr, Lloyd James P,Martinache Frantz, Michael Ireland Dr,Monnier J D, Pravdo Steven H, ShaklanStuart B (2006). Direct Detection of theBrown Dwarf GJ 802B with AdaptiveOptics Masking Interferometry.Astrophysical Journal


29

Bedding Timothy Prof, Kiss Laszlo Dr,Derekas Aliz Ms, Kjeldsen H, Lah P.,Szabo G M (2006). Ellipsoidal Variabilityand Long Secondary Periods in MachoRed Giant Stars. Astrophysical JournalSupplement

Tuthill Peter Dr, Pravdo Steven H,Shaklan Stuart B, Wiktorowicz Sloane J,Kulkarni Shri, Lloyd James P,Martinache Frantz, Ireland Michael Dr(2006). Masses of Astrometrically-Discovered and Imaged Binaries: G78-28AB and GJ 231.1BC. AstrophysicalJournal

Rochette M Dr, Blows Justin Dr,Eggleton Benjamin Prof (2006). 3Roptical regeneration: An all-opticalsolution with BER improvement. OpticsExpress

Kuncic Zdenka Dr, Broderick Jess Mr,Soria R, Ryder S (2006). MultibandStudy of NGC7424 and its Two NewlyDiscovered Ultra-Luminous X-raySources. Monthly Notices of the RoyalAstronomical Society

Freeland M Mr, Kuncic Zdenka Dr, SoriaR, Bicknell G V (2006). Radio and X-rayproperties of Relativistic BeamingModels for Ultra-Luminous X-raySources. Monthly Notices of the RoyalAstronomical Society

Ireland Michael Dr, Tuthill Peter Dr,Weiner J, Tatebe K, Hale D D S, TownesC H, Monnier J D, Cohen R, Barry R K,Rajagopal J, Danchi W C (2006). TheAsymmetric Dust Environment of IKTauri. Astrophysical Journal

Lenzen Manfred Dr, Wier M, Cohen C,Hayami Hitoshi, Shonali Pachauri,Schaeffer R (2006). A comparativemultivariate analysis of householdenergy requirements in Australia BrazilDenmark India and Japan. Energy

Barnes Luke Mr, Francis Matthew Mr,James John Mr, Lewis Geraint A/Prof(2006). Joining the Hubble flow:implications for expanding space. RoyalAstronomical Society. Monthly Notices.Letters

Lewis Geraint A/Prof, Martin N F, Ibata RA, Irwin M J, Chapman S C, Ferguson AM N, Tanvir N, McConnachie A (2006).Discovery and analysis of three faintdwarf galaxies and a globular cluster inthe outer halo of the Andromeda galaxy.Monthly Notices of the RoyalAstronomical Society

Gil-Merino Rodrigo Dr, Lewis GeraintA/Prof, Gonzalez-Cadelo J, Goicoechea LJ, Shalyapin V N (2006). Is there acaustic crossing in the lensed quasarQ2237+0305 observational datarecord?. Monthly Notices of the RoyalAstronomical Society

Sadler Elaine Prof, Wong O I, Ryan-Weber E, Garcia-Appadoo D A, WebsterR L, Staveley-Smith L, Zwaan M A,Meyer M J, Barnes D J, Kilborn V A,Bathal R, de Blok W J G, Disney M J,Doyle M T, Drinkwater M J, Ekers R D,Freeman K C, Gibson B K, Gurovich S,Harnett J, Henning P A, Jerjen H,Kesteven M J, Knezek P M, KoribalskiB, Mader Stacy, Marquarding M,Minchin R F, O'Brien J, Putnam M E,Ryder S, Stevens E M, Stewart J,Stewart I M, Stootman Frank H, WaughM (2006). The Northern HIPASScatalogue â " data presentationcompleteness and reliability measures.Monthly Notices of the RoyalAstronomical Society

Sadler Elaine Prof, Fine Stephen Mr,Cannon Russell, Drinkwater M J, EdgeAlastair, Eisenstein Daniel, NicholRobert, Outram Phillip, Pimbblet K A, DePropris Roberto, Roseboom Isaac,Wake David, Allen Paul, Bland-HawthonJ Dr, Bridges T, Carson Daniel, KuenleyChiu, Colless Matthew, Couch Warrick,Schneider Donald P, Driver Simon,Hewett P C, Loveday Jon, RossNicholas, Shanks T, Sharp R G, Smith J,Stoughton Chris, Weilbacher Peter,Brunner Robert, Meiksin Avery, CroomScott Dr (2006). The 2dF-SDSS LRGand QSO (2SLAQ) Luminous RedGalaxy Survey. Monthly Notices of theRoyal Astronomical Society

Lewis Geraint A/Prof - Mackey A D,Huxor A, Ferguson A M N, Tanvir N R,Irwin M, Ibata R, Bridges T, JohnsonRachel A (2006). ACS Photometry ofExtended Luminous Globular Clusters inthe Outskirts of M31. AstrophysicalJournal

Tuntsov Artem Mr, Lewis Geraint A/Prof(2006). On a systematic bias in surfacebrightness fluctuations based distancesdue to gravitational microlensing.Monthly Notices of the RoyalAstronomical Society

Barnes Peter Dr, Kedziora-ChudczerLucyna Dr, Purcell C R,Balasubramanyam R, Burton M G, WalshA J, Minier V, Hunt-Cunningham M R,Longmore S N, Hill T, Bains I, Busfield A

L, Calisse P, Crighton N H M, Curran S J,Davis T M, Dempsey J T, Derragopian G,Lee J K, Ladd E F, Lumsden S L, MooreT J T, Hidas M G, Hoare M G, Murphy MT, Oudmaijer R D, Pracy M B, RathborneJ, Robertson S.A., Schultz A S B,Shobbrook J, Sparks P A, Storey J,Travouillion T, Fulton B (2006). A CH3CNand HCO+ survey towards southernmethanol masers associated with starformation. Monthly Notices of the RoyalAstronomical Society

Lewis Geraint A/Prof - Chapman S P,Ibata R, Ferguson A M N, Irwin M,McConnachie A, Tanvir N (2006). AKinematically Selescted Metal-poorStellar Halo in the Outskirts of M31.Astrophysical Journal

Lewis Geraint A/Prof - Ibata R,Chapman S C, Irwin M, Martin NG(2006). A near-zero velocity dispersionstellar component in the Canes Venaticidwarf spheroidal galaxy. MonthlyNotices of the Royal AstronomicalSociety

Bruntt Hans Dr, Dall T, Strassmeier K G(2006). Late-Type Active Stars: Rotation& Companions. Astrophysics andSpace Science: an international journalof astronomy astrophysics and spacescience

Kwok Philip, Collins Richard Prof, ChanHak-Kim (Kim) Prof (2006). Effect ofspacers on the electrostatic chargeproperties of metered dose inhaleraerosols. Journal of Aerosol Science

Bakich Andrew Dr, Cole Shoshanna Ms,Parslow Nicholas Mr, Peak LawrenceA/Prof, Varvell Kevin Dr, Yabsley B D Dr,Gabyshev N, Abe K, Adachi I, Aihara H,Asano Y, et al (2006). Study of decaymechanisms in B Lambda (+)(c)p pi(-)decays and observation of low-massstructure in the Lambda(+)(c)p system.Physical Review Letters

Vodenitcharova-Peneva Tatiana, ZhangLiangchi Prof, Zarudi Irena, Yin YongbaiDr, Domyo H, Ho T (2006). The effect ofthermal shocks on the stresses in aSapphire Wafer. IEEE Transactions onSemiconductor Manufacturing

Bakich Andrew Dr, McOnie Samuel Mr,Peak Lawrence Mr, Stoeck Holger Dr,Yabsley Bruce Dr, Inami K, Abe K,Adachi I, Aihara H, Anipko D, Kawai H,Lesiak, Poluektov A, Staric M, Uehara S(2006). First observation of the decay.Physics Letters B


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Bakich Andrew Dr, Cole Shoshanna Ms,Stoeck Holger Dr, Varvell Kevin Dr,McOnie Samuel Mr, Blyth S, Abe K,Adachi I, Aihara H, Anipko D, Et a, Et a,Et a, Et a, Et a (2006). Improvedmeasurements of color-suppreseddecays (B)over-bar(0) D-) pi(0) D-) etaD-0 omega D-0 pi(0) D-0 eta and D-0omega. PHYSICAL REVIEW D

Boyd S Mr, Ellis Malcolm, PeakLawrence A/Prof, Soler F J Mr, UlrichsJuris Dr, Varvell Kevin Dr, Yabsley BruceDr, Chukanov A, Naumov D, Popov B,Astier P, Autiero D, Et a, Et a, Et a, Et a,Et a (2006). Production properties ofK!(892)Â± vector mesons and their spinalignment as measured in the NOMADexperiment. European Physical JournalC. Particles and Fields (Print Edition)

Yabsley Bruce Dr (2006). Searches forpentaquarks at the B-factories.International Journal of Modern Physics A

Bakich Andrew Dr, Cole Shoshanna,McOnie Samuel Mr, Stoeck Holger Dr,Gokhroo G, Majumdar S, Abe K, AdachiI, Aihara H, Et al (2006). Observation ofa near-threshold D-0(D) over-bar(0)pi(0)enhancement in B->D-0(D)over-bar(0)pi K-0 decay. PhysicalReview Letters

Bakich Andrew Dr, Cole Shoshanna Ms,McOnie Samuel Mr, Yabsley Bruce Dr,Stoeck Holger Dr, Wu C H, Wang Ping,Abe K, Adachi I, Aihara H, Et al (2006).Study of J/psi->p(p)over-bar Lambda(Lambda)over-bar and observation ofeta(c)->Lambda(Lambda)over-bar atBelle. Physical Review Letters

Bakich Andrew Dr, Cole Shoshanna Ms,Stoeck Holger Dr, Kumar R J, Singh JB,Abe K, Aihara H, Anipko D, Et al (2006).Observation of B-+/-->X-c1 pi(+/-) andsearch for direct CP Violation.PHYSICAL REVIEW D

Cole Shoshanna Ms, Yabsley Bruce Dr,Yusa Y, Abe K, Adachi I, Aihara H,Asano Y, Et al (2006). Search forneutrinoless decays tau->lhh and tau->IV(0). Physics Letters B

Bakich Andrew Dr, Cole Shoshanna Ms,McOnie Samuel Mr, Peak LawrenceA/Prof, Stoeck Holger Dr, Varvell KevinDr, Yabsley Bruce Dr, Krokovny P, AbeK, Adachi I, Aihara H, Anipko D, Et al(2006). Measurement of the quarkmixing parameter cos2 phi(1) usingtime-dependent Dalitz analysis of(B)over-bar(0)->D(K-S(0))pi(+)pi(-))h(0).

Physical Review Letters

Bakich Andrew Dr, Parslow Nicholas Mr,Varvell Kevin Dr, Nakano E, Abe K,Aihara H, Asano Y, Aushev T, Et al(2006). Change asymmetry of same-sign dileptions in B-0-B-0 mixing.PHYSICAL REVIEW D http://opac.library.usyd.edu.au/search/fPHYSICAL+REVIEW+D&/fphysical+review+d/1%2C2%2C2%2CB/l856&FF=fphysical+review+d+particles+and+fields&1%2C1%2C%2C1%2C0

Bakich Andrew Dr, Cole Shoshanna Ms,McOnie Samuel Mr, Stoeck Holger Dr,Miyazaki Y, Abe K, Aihara H, Anipko D,Arinstein K, Et al (2006). Search forlepton flavor violating. Physics Letters B

Bakich Andrew Dr, Cole Shoshanna Ms,Parslow Nicholas Mr, Peak LawrenceA/Prof, Varvell Kevin Dr, Schumann,Wang C H, Abe K, Adachi I, Aihara H,Et al (2006). Evidence for B - >eta(')piand Improved Measurements for B ->eta"K. Physical Review Letters

Bakich Andrew Dr, Cole Shoshanna Ms,McOnie Samuel Mr, Peak LawrenceA/Prof, Stoeck Holger Dr, Yabsley BruceDr, Widhalm L, Abe K, Adachi I, AiharaH, Arinstein K, Et al (2006).Measurement of D-)->pi nu(KI nu) formfactors and absolute branchingfractions. Physical Review Letters

Bakich Andrew Dr, Cole Shoshanna Ms,Yabsley Bruce Dr, Dragic J, Abe K,Adachi I, Aihara H, Anipko D, Et al(2006). Measurement of branchingfraction and direct CP asymmetry in B-0->rho(0)pi(0)decays. PHYSICALREVIEW D

Bakich Andrew Dr, Cole Shoshanna Ms,McOnie Samuel Mr, Peak LawrenceA/Prof, Stoeck Holger Dr, Yabsley BruceDr, Fang F, Browder T E, Abe K, AdachiI, Aihara H, Et al (2006). Search for theh(c) meson in B-+/-->h(c)K(+/-).PHYSICAL REVIEW D

Bakich Andrew Dr, Peak LawrenceA/Prof, Varvell Kevin Dr, Garmash A,Abe K, Adachi I, Aihara H, Anipko D, Etal (2006). Evidence of large direct CPviolation in B-+/-->p(770)K-0(+/-) fromanalysis of three-body charmless B-+/--> K-+/-pi(+/-)pi(+/-)decays. PhysicalReview Letters

Bakich Andrew Dr, Parslow Nicholas Mr,Peak Lawrence A/Prof, Yabsley BruceDr, Seidl R, Hasuko K, Abe K, Adachi I,

Aihara H, Et al (2006). Measurement ofAzimuthal asymmetries in inclusiveproduction of hadron pairs in e(+)e(-)annihilation at Belle. Physical ReviewLetters

Bakich Andrew Dr, McOnie Samuel Mr,Peak Lawrence A/Prof, Stoeck HolgerDr, Varvell Kevin Dr, Yabsley Bruce Dr,Poluektov A, Abe K, I, Aihara H, AnipkoD, Et al (2006). Measurement of phi(3)with a Dalitz plot analysis of B+->(DK(*)+)-K-(*)decay. PHYSICALREVIEW D

Bakich Andrew Dr, McOnie Samuel Mr,Stoeck Holger Dr, Yabsley Bruce Dr,Ishikawa A, Abe K, Adachi I, Aihara H,Anipko D, Et al (2006). Measurement offorward-backward asymmetry andwilson coefficients in B->K(*)|(+)|(-).Physical Review Letters

Bakich Andrew Dr, Cole Shoshanna Ms,Parslow Nicholas Mr, Varvell Kevin Dr,Yabsley Bruce Dr, Mohapatra D, NakaoM, Nishida S, Abe K, Adachi I, Et al(2006). Observation of b->d gamma anddetermination of vertical bar V-td/V-tsvertical bar. Physical Review Letters

Bakich Andrew Dr, Peak LawrenceA/Prof, Stoeck Holger Dr, Varvell KevinDr, Yabsley Bruce Dr, Ronga F J,Sarangi T, Abe K, Adachi I, Aihara H, Etal (2006). Measurement of CP violationin B-0->D*-pi(+) and B-0->D-pi(+)decays. Physical Review Letters

Bakich Andrew Dr, Cole Shoshanna Ms,Yabsley Bruce Dr, Somov A, Schwartz AJ, Abe K, Adachi I, Aihara H, Et al(2006). Measurement of the branchingfraction polarization and CP asymmetryfor B-0 ->rho(+)rho(-)decays anddetermination of the cabibbo-kobayashi-Maskawa Phase phi(2).Physical Review Letters

Green Anne Assoc Prof, McClure-Griffiths N, Dickey J M, Gaensler B MProf, Haverkorn M (2006). MagneticallyDominated Strands of Cold Hydrogen inthe Riegel-Crutcher Cloud.Astrophysical Journal

Bakich Andrew Dr, Cole Shoshanna Ms,Yabsley Bruce Dr, Zhang L M, Zhang ZP, Li J, Abe K, Adachi I, Et al (2006).Improved constraints on D-0-(D)over-bar(0) mixing in D-0->K+pi(-)decaysfrom the Belle detector. Physical ReviewLetters


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Bakich Andrew Dr, Peak LawrenceA/Prof, Abe K, Adachi I, Aihara H,Asano Y, Aushev T, Et al (2006). Studyof B-+/-->DCPK+/-and (DCPK+/-)-K-*decays. PHYSICAL REVIEW Dhttp://opac.library.usyd.edu.au/search/f

Bakich Andrew Dr, Soni N, Abe K,Adachi I, Aihara H, Arinstein K, Et al(2006). Measurement of branchingfractions for B->Xc1(2)K(K*)at Belle.Physics Letters B

Bakich Andrew Dr, Uehara S, Abe K,Adachi I, Aihara H, Arinstein K, YabsleyB Dr, Et al (2006). Observation of achi'(c2) candidate in gamma gamma->D(D)over-bar production at Belle.Physical Review Letters

Bakich Andrew Dr, Cole Shoshanna Ms,Seuster R, Abe K, Aihara H, Asano Y,Aushev T, Yabsley B Dr, Et al (2006).Charm Hadrons from fragmentation andB decays in e(+)e(-)annihilation at rootss=10.6GeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW D

Bakich Andrew Dr, Parslow Nicholas Mr,Varvell Kevin Dr, Yabsley Bruce Dr,Mizuk, Danilov M, Abe K, Adachi I,Aihara H, Et al (2006). Search for theTheta(1540)(+)pentaquark using kaonsecondary interactions at Belle. PhysicsLetters B

Bakich Andrew Dr, Cole Shoshanna Ms,Parslow Nicholas Mr, Miyazaki Y, Abe K,Adachi I, Aihara H, Arinstein K, Et al(2006). Search for lepton and baryonnumber violating tau(-)decays into(Lambda)over-bar-pi-(-)and Lambda pi(-). Physics Letters B

Baldock Clive Prof, Brindha S,Ravindran Paul B (2006). Optimization ofthe imaging protocol of an X-ray CTscanner for evaluation of normoxicpolymer gel dosimeters. Journal ofMedical Physics

Hopkins Andrew Dr, Beacom John F.(2006). On the normalisation of theCosmic Star Formation History.Astrophysical Journal

Stello Dennis Mr, Bedding Timothy Prof,Arentoft T Mr, Bruntt Hans Dr, Dind ZoeMs, Jacob Andrew Mr, Kiss Laszlo Dr,Bouzid M.Y., Csubry Z, Dall T, FrandsenS, Gilliland R.L., Jensen H.R., KangY.B., Kim S.L., Kjeldsen H, Koo J.R.,Lee J.A., Lee C.U., Nuspl J., Sterken C.,Szabo R (2006). Multisite campaign onthe open cluster M67 â " I.Observations and photometric

reductions. Monthly Notices of the RoyalAstronomical Society

Bedding Timothy Prof, Kiss Laszlo Dr,Szabo G M (2006). Variability in redsupergiant stars: pulsations longsecondary periods and convectionnoise. Monthly Notices of the RoyalAstronomical Society

Gil-Merino Rodrigo Dr, Mediavilla E,Mediavilla T., Munoz J.A., Lopez P,Abajas C., Gonzalez-Morcillo C. (2006).A Fast and Very Accurate Approach tothe Computation of MicrolensingMagnification Patterns Based on InversePolygon Mapping. Astrophysical JournalSupplement

Hunstead Richard Prof, Ferrari C.,Feretti L., Maurogordato S, Schindler S.(2006). ATCA observations of the galaxycluster Abell 3921. I. Radio emissionfrom the central merging sub-clusters.Astronomy & Astrophysics: a Europeanjournal

Baldock Clive Prof, Hurley C, PetraziniG, McLucas C (2006). High-resolutiongel dosimetry of a HDR brachytherapysource using normoxic polymer geldosimeters: Preliminary study. NuclearInstruments & Methods in PhysicsResearch. Section A. AcceleratorsSpectrometers Detectors andAssociated Equipment

Gaensler Bryan Prof, Green Anne AssocProf, Haverkorn M, McClure-Griffiths N,Dickey J M (2006). The SouthernGalactic Plane Survey: Polarized RadioContinuum Observ-ations and Analysis.Astrophysical Journal Supplement

Gaensler Bryan Prof, ChatterjeeShamibrata Dr, Blazek J A, Van derSwaluw E, Camilo F, Strappers W(2006). The Duck Redux: An ImprovedProper-Motion Upper Limit for the PulsarB1757-24 near the Supernova RemnantG5.4-1.2. Astrophysical Journal

Hashemi-Nezhad Seyed Dr, Zhuk I V,Potapenko A S, Krivopustov M I (2006).Calibration of track detectors for fissionrate determination: An experimental andtheoretical study. Nuclear Instruments &Methods in Physics Research. SectionA. Accelerators SpectrometersDetectors and Associated Equipment

Gaensler Bryan Prof, Slane Patrick O(2006). The Evolution and Structure ofPulsar Wind Nebulae. Annual Review ofAstronomy and Astrophysics

Gaensler Bryan Prof, ChatterjeeShamibrata Dr, Slane Patrick O, Van derSwaluw E, Camilo F, Hughes J P (2006).The X-Ray Structure of the Pulsar BowShock G 189.22+2.90 in the SupernovaRemnant IC 443. Astrophysical Journal

Levchenko Igor Dr, Ostrikov KostyantynMr, Tam Eugene Mr (2006). Uniformity ofpost-processing of dense nanotubearrays by neutral and ion fluxes. AppliedPhysics Letters

Hunstead Richard Prof, Hannikainen D,Wu Kinwah, Stevens Jason A., Vilhu O,Rodriguez J, Hjalmarsdotter L (2006).Microquasars: What do radio and X - rayobservations tell us?. Chinese Journal ofAstronomy and Astrophysics

Hunstead Richard Prof, Miller J.M.,Homan J., Steeghs D, Rupen M,Wijnands R, Charles P.A., Fabian A.C.(2006). A Long Hard Look at theLow/Hard State in Accreting BlackHoles. The Astronomical Journal

Canvin James Dr, Laing R A, Bridle A H,Hardcastle M.J. (2006). A relativisticmodel of the radio jets in 3C 296.Monthly Notices of the RoyalAstronomical Society

Hopkins Andrew Dr, Schmidt S,Connolly A J (2006). The DRaGONSSurvey: A Search for High-RedshiftRadio Galaxies and Heavily ObscuredActive Galactic Nuclei. AstrophysicalJournal

Li Bo Dr, Cairns Iver Prof, RobinsonPeter Prof (2006). Numerical modelingof type III solar radio bursts in theinhomogeneous solar corona andinterplanetary medium. Physics ofPlasmas

Robinson Peter Prof, Li Bo Dr, CairnsIver Prof (2006). New regimes of stochasticwave growth: Theory simulation andcomparison with data. Physics of Plasmas

Ostrikov Kostyantyn Dr, Denysenko I Mr,Yu Y, Azarenkov N A (2006). Behaviourof the electron temperature innonuniform complex plasmas. Physicalreview E Statistical nonlinear and softmatter physics

Levchenko Igor Dr, Ostrikov KostyantynDr (2006). Simulation of ion fluxdistribution in conductive and non-conductive nanotip patterns.International Journal of Nanoscience


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Yin Yongbai Dr, Hang Lingxia Mr,Proschek Michael Dr, McKenzie David Prof,Bilek Marcela Prof, Allan Scott, Han Jason,Rubanov S, Lauder R D T, Godfrey R B(2006). Characterization of a large areascanning PECVD deposition system withsmall size RF electrodes. Thin Solid Films

Yin Yongbai Dr, Pan Y Mr, Hang LingxiaMr, Bilek Marcela Prof, McKenzie DavidProf, Rubanov S (2006). Dielectricsubstrate of self-bias and plasmaconfinement in two-dimensionalscanning radio frequency plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition.Vacuum

Ostrikov Kostyantyn Dr, Xu S (2006).Plasma aided-nanofabrication: "plasma-building block approach". InternationalJournal of Nanoscience

Green Anne Assoc Prof, Gaensler B MProf, Haverkorn M, Brown J A C,McClure-Griffiths N, Dickey J M (2006).Magnetic fields in the Southern GalacticPlane Survey. Astronomische Nachrichten

Ostrikov Kostyantyn Dr, Rutkevychb P P,Xu S (2006). Electrostatic nanoparticlefilter for atomic scale fabrication in low-temperature plasma. InternationalJournal of Nanoscience

Shokooh-Saremi M Mr, Taeed Vahid Mr,Baker Neil Mr, Littler Ian Dr, Moss DavidDr, Eggleton Benjamin Prof, Ruan Y,Luther-Davies B (2006). HighPerformance Bragg Gratings inChalcogenide Glass Rib WaveguidesWritten with a Modified SagnacInterferometer. Journal of the OpticalSociety of America B-Optical Physics

Lim Sunnie Dr, Anders Andre, ByonEungson, Kim Dong-Ho, FukudaKentaroo (2006). Smoothing of ultrathinsilver films by transition metal seeding.Solid State Communications

Finsterbusch Klaus Dr, Baker Neil Mr,Taeed Vahid Mr, Eggleton BenjaminProf, Choi D, Madden S, Luther-DaviesB (2006). Long-period Gratings inChalcogenide (As2S3) Rib waveguides.Electronics Letters

Loxley Peter Dr, Stamps Robert L(2006). Theory for nucleation at aninterface and magnetization reversal of atwo-layer nanowire. Physical Review B

Wilson Hugh, Warschkow Oliver Dr,Marks Nigel Dr, McKenzie David Prof,Curson N.J., Schofield Stephen R,

Reusch Thilo C G, Radny Marian, SmithP V, Simmons M Y (2006). Thermaldissociation & desorption of PH3 onSi(001): A reinterpretation of spectro-scopic data. Physical Review B

Marks Nigel Dr, Harrowell Peter Prof,Thomas B S (2006). Inversion of defectinteractions due to ordering in Sr13x/2LaxTiO3 perovskites: An atomisticsimulation study. Physical Review B

Marks Nigel Dr, Cover Myles Mr, KocerCenk Dr (2006). The importance of rareevents in thin film deposition: a molecular dynamics study oftetrahedral amorphous carbon.Molecular Simulation

McPhedran Ross Prof, de Sterke Carel(Martijn) Prof, Asatryan A, L C, NicoroviciN A Dr (2006). Frequency shift ofsources embedded in finite two-dimensional photonic clusters. Waves inRandom and Complex Media (PrintEdition)

Marks Nigel Dr, Cover Myles Mr, KocerCenk Dr (2006). Simulating temperatureeffects in the growth of tetrahedralamorphous carbon: The importance ofinfrequent events. Applied Physics Letters

Kwok Dixon Dr (2006). A phasor-particlemodel for coupling between an auto-matching network and electrical plasmain radio frequency capacitive dischargedsystem. Journal of Applied Physics

Luo Qinghuan Dr, Melrose Donald Prof(2006). The induced turbulence effect onpropagation of radio emission in pulsarmagnetospheres. Monthly Notices ofthe Royal Astronomical Society

Melrose Donald Prof (2006).Depolarization of radio bursts due toreflection off sharp boundaries in thesolar corona. Astrophysical Journal

Kwok Dixon Dr, Cornet Christophe Dr(2006). Numerical simulation of MetalPlasma Immersion Ion Implantation(MePIIID) on a Sharp Cone and a Fine Tip byMultiple Grid Particle-in-cell (PIC) method.IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science

Ord Stephen Dr, Knight H S, Bailes M,Manchester R (2006). A study of giantpulses from PSR J1824-2452A.Astrophysical Journal

Ord Stephen Dr, Jacoby B A, Hotan AW, Bailes M (2006). High-precisiontiming of PSR J1600-3053. Monthly

Notices of the Royal AstronomicalSociety

Fulton Roger A/Prof, Tellmann L,Pietrzyk U, Nickel I, Strangier I, Winz O,Herzog H (2006). Concepts ofregistration and correction of headmotion in position emission tomography.Zeitschrift fuer Medizinische Physik

Wheatland Michael Dr (2006). A fastcurrent-field iteration method forcalculating nonlinear force-free fields.Solar Physics: a journal for solar andsolar-stellar research and the study ofsolar terrestrial physics

Wheatland Michael Dr, Metcalf ThomasR (2006). An improved virial estimate ofsolar active region energy. AstrophysicalJournal

Wheatland Michael Dr, Craig I J D(2006). Including flare sympathy in amodel for solar flare statistics. SolarPhysics: a journal for solar and solar-stellar research and the study of solarterrestrial physics

Austin Dane Mr, Bolger Jeremy Dr, deSterke Carel (Martijn) Prof, EggletonBenjamin Prof (2006). Narrowbandsupercontinuum control using phaseshaping. Optics Express

De Sterke Carel (Martijn) Prof, EggletonBenjamin Prof, Austin Dane Mr, BrownThomas G Prof (2006). Dispersive waveblue-shift in supercontinuum generation.Optics Express

Ekins-Daukes Nicholas Dr, Araki K,Kondo Michio, Uozumi H, KemmokuYoshishige, Yamaguchi M (2006).Achievement of 27% efficient and 200Wp concentrator module and thetechnological roadmap toward realizationof more than 31% efficient modules. SolarEnergy Materials & Solar Cells

Ekins-Daukes Nicholas Dr, Araki K,Kondo Michio, Uozumi H, Egami T,Hiramatsu M, Miyazaki Y, Yamaguchi M(2006). Packaging III-V tandem solarcells for practical terrestrial applicationsachievable to 27% of module efficiencyby conventional machine assembletechnology. Solar Energy Materials &Solar Cells

Duan Xiangmei Dr, Baroni Stefano,Modesti Silvio, Peressi Maria (2006).Cross-sectional imaging of sharp Siinterlayers embedded in galliumarsenide. Applied Physics Letters


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Ekins-Daukes Nicholas Dr, Lee H S,Yamaguchi M, Khan Aurangzeb,Takamoto T, Imaizumi M, OhshimaTakeshi, Itoh Hisayoshi (2006). Effects ofa low-energy proton irradiation onn(+)/p-AlInGaP solar cells. Physica B -Condensed Matter

Stello Dennis Mr, Bedding Timothy Prof,Kjeldsen H, Buzasi D L (2006). Do redgiants have short mode lifetimes?.Memorie Della Societa AstronomicaItaliana

Sarabipour Sarvnaz, Bosi Stephen Dr,Hill Brendan Mr, Baldock Clive Prof(2006). A preliminary study of themeasurement of slice-width closeprofiles (SWDP) on diagnostic x-ray CTscanners using PAGAT polymer geldosimeters with optical CT read-out.Journal of Physics Conference Series

Hill Brendan Mr, Baldock Clive Prof,Venning A J Mr (2006). Computertomography dose index measurementson a multislice CT Scanner usingpolymer gels. Journal of PhysicsConference Series

Ravichander Thuraisamy Mr, HillBrendan Mr, Baldock Clive Prof, VenningA J Mr (2006). Head and neck fieldmatching verification using threedimensional PAGAT polymer geldosimetry. Journal of PhysicsConference Series

Bosi Stephen Dr, Naseri PourandokhtMs, Baldock Clive Prof (2006). Initialinvestigation of a novel phantom forsimulating optical scattering ofdosimetric gels. Journal of PhysicsConference Series

Venning A J Mr, Hill Brendan Mr,Baldock Clive Prof (2006). Variation ofconcentration of tetrakis andhydroquinone with post-irradiation timesin PAGAT polymer gel dosimeter.Journal of Physics Conference Series

Baldock Clive Prof (2006). Historicaloverview of the development of geldosimetry: a personal perspective.Journal of Physics Conference SeriesChapman Jacqueline Dr, Wardle M Dr(2006). Dust grain dynamics in C-typeshock waves in molecular clouds.Monthly Notices of the RoyalAstronomical Society

Lukins Philip Dr, Barton Christopher(2006). Localisation of CP43 in singlemolecules of photosystem 2 using

protein deletion and scanning tunnellingmicroscopy. Photosynthetica

Kedziora-Chudczer Lucyna Dr (2006).Long-term monitoring of the intra-dayvariable quasar PKS 0405-385. MonthlyNotices of the Royal AstronomicalSociety

Davey Ross Dr, Harvie Rozelle Mr -Bromley Regina, Oliver L Dr, Baldock CProf (2006). A preliminary investigationof cell growth after irradiation using amodulated x-ray intensity pattern.Physics in Medicine and Biology

Davey Ross Dr, Stordal Britta, Peters G(2006). Similar chromosomal changes incisplatin and oxaliplatin-resistantsublines of the H69 SCLC cell line arenot associated with platinum resistance.Genes Chromosomes & Cancer

Dos Remedios Cristobal Prof,Nosworthy Neil Dr, Gorbatyuk V, BainsN, Maciejewski M, King GG, Robson S(2006). Mapping the phosphoinositide-binding site on chick cofilin explains howPIP2 regulates the cofilin-actininteraction. Molecular Cell

Fujisawa Naoki Dr, McKenzie David Prof,Swain Michael Prof, James N L,Woodard J C (2006). Combinedinfluences of mechanical properties andsurface roughness on the tribologicalproperties of amorphous carboncoatings. Wear

Murphy Tara Dr, Lamb Peter, OwenChristopher, Marquarding M (2006).Data storage processing andvisualization for the Australia telescopecompact array. Astronomical Society ofAustralia. Publications (Print Edition)


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CONFERENCE PAPERSArgyros Alexander Dr, Cox Felicity Ms,Van Eijkelenborg Martijn Dr, LargeMaryanne Dr (2006) Hollow-CoreMicrostructured Polymer Optical Fibresand Applications. 32nd EuropeanConference on Optical Communication,pp65-66

Lambert Jamil Mr, Nakano T Mr, LawSusan Dr, Suchowerska Natalka A/Prof,McKenzie David Prof, Fleming SimonProf (2006) A Fibre Optic Dosimeter forProstate Cancer Therapy. ACOFT andAOS Conference 2006, pp93-95

Law Susan Dr, Suchowerska NatalkaA/Prof, McKenzie David Prof, FlemingSimon Prof, Lin Terri Ms (2006)ÄŒerenkov radiation in optical fibres.ACOFT and AOS Conference 2006,pp100-102

Argyros Alexander Dr, Cox Felicity, VanEijkelenborg Martijn Dr, Large MaryanneDr, Ponseca Jr C., Quema A., SarukuraN. (2006) Progress of hollow-coremicrostructured polymer optical fibresand applications. WorkPOF 2006,pp147-151

Eggleton Benjamin Prof, Cronin-GolombM Prof, Domachuk Peter Mr (2006)Optical Tweezers and Optofluidics. SUM2006 IEEE/LEOS Summer TopicalMeeting on Optofluidics: EmergingTechnologies and Applications, pp21-22

Matar Mamdouh Mr, Michie Andrew Mr,Bassett Ian Dr, Canning John Prof,Haywood John Dr, Digweed Katja(2006) 2-Section PCF Hi-Bi LyotDepolarisers. The 18th InternationalConference on Optical Fibre Sensors,CD, ThE60-ThE60

Groothoff Nathaniel Mr, Martelli CiceroMr, Canning John Prof (2006) Single orDual Transverse Mode DFB PhotonicCrystal Fibre (DFB-PCF). The 18thInternational Conference on OpticalFibre Sensors, CD, ThA4- ThA4

Matar Mamdouh Mr, Bassett Ian Dr,Haywood John Dr (2006) ExperimentalTrial of a Trial of a ModulatedDepolarised Er-Doped SFS with theNIMI 3x3 Sagnac Optic Current Sensor.The 18th International Conference onOptical Fibre Sensors, CD, ThE82-ThE82

Manos Steven Dr, Large Maryanne Dr,Poladian Leon Dr (2006) The design ofHigh-bandwidth MicrostructuredPolymer Optical Fibres. WorkPOF 2006,pp153-158

Argyros Alexander Dr, Manos Steven Dr,Van Eijkelenborg Martijn Dr, LargeMaryanne Dr, Poladian Leon Dr (2006)Applications of microstructured polymeroptical fibres: hollow-core and graded-index fibres. The 11th OptoElectronicsand Communications Conference, CD,5D2-2-1-1-5D2-2-1-2

Li Bo Dr, White R.D., Dujko S, Ness K F,Robson R.E (2006) Non-equilibriumelectron transport in gases: Influence ofmagnetic fields on temporal and spatialrelaxation. THE PHYSICS OF IONIZEDGASES: 23rd Summer School andInternational Symposium on the Physicsof Ionized Gases - Invited LecturesTopical Invited Lectures and ProgressReports, One Volume, pp51-61

Davis John Prof, Ireland Michael Dr,Jacob Andrew Mr, North Julian Mr,Owens Stephen Mr, Robertson James(Gordon) Dr, Tango William Dr, TuthillPeter Dr (2006) SUSI: an update oninstrumental developments and science.2006 SPIE symposium on AstronomicalTelescopes and Instrumentation, 6268,626804-1-626804-9

Kwok Dixon Dr, Chu Paul (2006)Modified Phasor-Particle Model ofTreating A Blocking Capacitor As APhasor Element in Simulation of PlasmaCoupling with An External Auto-Matching Network. 16th InternationalConference on Ion ImplantationTechnology, 866, pp245-248

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