THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANeacademic.ju.edu.jo/z.hamamre/Material/Chemical...Introduction Ø The...
Transcript of THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANeacademic.ju.edu.jo/z.hamamre/Material/Chemical...Introduction Ø The...
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THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANTHE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANTHE UNIVERSITY OF JORDAN
The
The Unive
rsity Unive
rsity of Jord
anof J
ordan
Faculty of E
ngineering &
Faculty of E
ngineering &
Technology
Technology
Chemical E
ngineering D
epartm
ent
Chemical E
ngineering D
epartm
ent
Chemical E
ngineering Principle
sChemical E
ngineering Principle
s((0905211
0905211))
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
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, Jord
an, Jo
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THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANTHE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANTHE UNIVERSITY OF JORDAN
111
Dr.
Dr.--I
ngIng. Z
ayed Al
. Zaye
d Al--H
amam
reHam
amre
Single
Phase
Syste
ms
Single
Phase
Syste
ms
Conte
ntConte
ntüüIntrod
uctionIntrod
uction
üüSolid
and liquid
densitie
sSolid
and liquid
densitie
s
üüIdeal gas
Ideal gas
ooIdeal gas e
quation of stateIdeal gas e
quation of state
ooIdeal gas m
ixture
sIdeal gas m
ixture
s
üüReal (N
onReal (N
on--ideal) gase
sideal) gase
s
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
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96
2 6
53
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00
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96
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53
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00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
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2
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222
ooCritical te
mperature
and pre
ssureCritical te
mperature
and pre
ssure
ooVirial e
quations of state
Virial e
quations of state
ooCubic E
quations of stateCubic E
quations of state
üücom
pressib
ility factor equation of state
compre
ssibility factor e
quation of state
oocom
pressib
ility factor tables and
charts
compre
ssibility factor tab
les and
charts
ooThe law
of correspond
ing states
The law
of correspond
ing states
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Introd
uctionIntrod
uction
ØØT
he fo
llow
ing m
eth
ods c
an b
e u
sed to
dete
rmin
e a
physic
al
The fo
llow
ing m
eth
ods c
an b
e u
sed to
dete
rmin
e a
physic
al
pro
perty
of a
pro
cess m
ate
rial:
pro
perty
of a
pro
cess m
ate
rial:
i.i.Look It U
pLook It U
poo
Pe
rry's
Ch
em
ica
l En
gin
ee
rs' H
an
db
oo
k, n
th E
ditio
n, R
. H.
Pe
rry's
Ch
em
ica
l En
gin
ee
rs' H
an
db
oo
k, n
th E
ditio
n, R
. H.
Pe
rry a
nd
D. W
. Gre
en
, P
erry
an
d D
. W. G
ree
n, E
ds.M
cG
raw
Ed
s.M
cG
raw
--Hill, N
ew
Yo
rk,
Hill, N
ew
Yo
rk, 1
99
71
99
7..
ooC
RC
Ha
nd
bo
ok o
f Ch
em
istry
an
d P
hysic
s,
CR
C H
an
db
oo
k o
f Ch
em
istry
an
d P
hysic
s, 7
97
9th
Ed
ition
, D.
th E
ditio
n, D
. L
ide
Lid
e, E
d., C
he
mic
al R
ub
be
r Co
mp
an
y, Bo
ca
Ra
ton
, FL
, , E
d., C
he
mic
al R
ub
be
r Co
mp
an
y, Bo
ca
Ra
ton
, FL
, 1
99
81
99
8
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
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88
2
28
88
2
28
88
333
ii.ii.E
stim
ate
ItE
stim
ate
It
ooIn
terp
ola
tion o
r extra
pola
tion
Inte
rpola
tion o
r extra
pola
tion
ooU
sin
g C
orre
latio
ns, a
vaila
ble
in
Usin
g C
orre
latio
ns, a
vaila
ble
in
Bru
ce
E. P
olin
g, J
oh
n M
. B
ruce
E. P
olin
g, J
oh
n M
. Pra
usn
itzP
rau
sn
itz, J
oh
n P
. O’C
on
ne
ll, Th
e
, Jo
hn
P. O
’Co
nn
ell, T
he
P
rop
ertie
s o
f Ga
se
s a
nd
Liq
uid
s,
Pro
pe
rties o
f Ga
se
s a
nd
Liq
uid
s, 55
ththE
ditio
n, M
cG
raw
Ed
ition
, McG
raw
--Hill,
Hill,
Ne
w Y
ork
, N
ew
Yo
rk, 2
00
42
00
4
ii.ii.M
easure
ItM
easure
It
üüSolid
and liquid
densitie
sSolid
and liquid
densitie
s
ØØS
olid
and liq
uid
densitie
s a
re in
dependent o
f tem
pera
ture
.S
olid
and liq
uid
densitie
s a
re in
dependent o
f tem
pera
ture
.
ØØC
hanges in
pre
ssure
do n
ot c
ause s
ignific
ant c
hanges in
C
hanges in
pre
ssure
do n
ot c
ause s
ignific
ant c
hanges in
densitie
s (in
com
pre
ssib
le)
densitie
s (in
com
pre
ssib
le)
Perry
's C
hem
ical E
ngin
eers
' Handbook
Perry
's C
hem
ical E
ngin
eers
' Handbook
The P
ropertie
s o
f Gases a
nd L
iquid
sT
he P
ropertie
s o
f Gases a
nd L
iquid
s
To e
stim
ate
the d
ensity
if a m
ixtu
re,
To e
stim
ate
the d
ensity
if a m
ixtu
re,
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
444
To e
stim
ate
the d
ensity
if a m
ixtu
re,
To e
stim
ate
the d
ensity
if a m
ixtu
re,
i.i.A
ssum
e v
olu
me
Assum
e v
olu
me a
dditiv
ityadditiv
ity
ii.ii.A
ssum
ing a
vera
ge th
e p
ure
Assum
ing a
vera
ge th
e p
ure
--com
ponent d
ensitie
scom
ponent d
ensitie
s
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Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
555
Experim
enta
l and e
stim
ate
d m
ixtu
re d
ensitie
s. E
xperim
enta
l valu
es fro
m
Perry
's C
hem
ical E
ngin
eers
' Handbook, p
. 2-1
07 fo
r sulfu
ric a
cid
-wate
r and p
.
2-1
11 fo
r meth
anol-w
ate
r, both
at 2
0°C
.
De
term
ine
the
de
nsity
in g
/cm
De
term
ine
the
de
nsity
in g
/cm
33o
f a
of a
50
5
0 w
t% a
qu
eo
us s
olu
tion
of H
wt%
aq
ue
ou
s s
olu
tion
of H
22 SO
SO
4
4 a
t a
t 2
02
0°°C
, bo
th b
y (
C, b
oth
by (11
) loo
kin
g u
p a
tab
ula
ted
va
lue
an
d (
) loo
kin
g u
p a
tab
ula
ted
va
lue
an
d (22
) assu
min
g v
olu
me
) a
ssu
min
g v
olu
me
ad
ditiv
itya
dd
itivity
of th
e s
olu
tion
co
mp
on
en
tso
f the
so
lutio
n c
om
po
ne
nts
Exam
pleExam
ple
1.
1.
Pe
rry's
Ch
em
ica
l En
gin
ee
rs' H
an
db
oo
k p
p.
Pe
rry's
Ch
em
ica
l En
gin
ee
rs' H
an
db
oo
k p
p. 22
--10
7
10
7 a
nd
a
nd
22--1
08
10
8
2.
2.
Estim
ate
It. E
stim
ate
It.
Th
e p
ure
Th
e p
ure
--co
mp
on
en
t de
nsitie
s a
reco
mp
on
en
t de
nsitie
s a
re
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
666
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The Ideal G
as Equation of S
tateThe Ideal G
as Equation of S
tate
Th
e id
ea
l ga
s e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te (re
latio
n b
etw
ee
n
Th
e id
ea
l ga
s e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te (re
latio
n b
etw
ee
n s
tate
va
riab
les
sta
te v
aria
ble
s) c
an
) c
an
b
e d
eriv
ed
from
the
kin
etic
the
ory
of g
ase
s b
y a
ssu
min
g th
at
be
de
rive
d fro
m th
e k
ine
tic th
eo
ry o
f ga
se
s b
y a
ssu
min
g th
at
i.i.G
as m
ole
cu
les h
ave
a n
eg
ligib
le v
olu
me
, G
as m
ole
cu
les h
ave
a n
eg
ligib
le v
olu
me
,
ii.ii.E
xe
rt no
forc
es o
n o
ne
an
oth
er, a
nd
E
xe
rt no
forc
es o
n o
ne
an
oth
er, a
nd
iii.iii.
Co
llide
ela
stic
ally
with
the
wa
lls o
f the
ir co
nta
ine
rC
ollid
e e
lastic
ally
with
the
wa
lls o
f the
ir co
nta
ine
r
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
777
ØØT
he
eq
ua
tion
va
lid a
t hig
h te
mp
era
ture
s a
nd
low
pre
ssu
res.
Th
e e
qu
atio
n v
alid
at h
igh
tem
pe
ratu
res a
nd
low
pre
ssu
res.
ØØT
he g
as c
onsta
nt
The g
as c
onsta
nt
ØØR
ela
tive e
rror
Rela
tive e
rror
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
888
: the id
eal s
pecific
mola
r volu
me
: the id
eal s
pecific
mola
r volu
me
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On
e h
un
dre
d g
ram
s o
f nitro
ge
n is
sto
red
in a
co
nta
ine
r at
On
e h
un
dre
d g
ram
s o
f nitro
ge
n is
sto
red
in a
co
nta
ine
r at 2
32
3°°C
an
d
C a
nd
33..0
0
00
psig
.p
sig
.
Exam
pleExam
ple
1.
1.
Assu
min
g id
ea
l ga
s b
eh
avio
r, ca
lcu
late
the
co
nta
ine
r vo
lum
e in
liters
.A
ssu
min
g id
ea
l ga
s b
eh
avio
r, ca
lcu
late
the
co
nta
ine
r vo
lum
e in
liters
.
2.
2.
Ve
rify th
at th
e id
ea
l ga
s e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te is
a g
oo
d a
pp
roxim
atio
n fo
r V
erify
tha
t the
ide
al g
as e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te is
a g
oo
d a
pp
roxim
atio
n fo
r th
e g
ive
n c
on
ditio
ns
the
giv
en
co
nd
ition
s
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
999
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
101010
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Density of id
eal gas
Density of id
eal gas
Wh
ere
Wh
ere
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
111111
Fo
r ide
al g
as m
ixtu
reF
or id
ea
l ga
s m
ixtu
re
Wh
ere
Wh
ere
Stand
ard Temperature
and Pre
ssureStand
ard Temperature
and Pre
ssure
ØF
or a
n id
ea
l ga
s a
t an
y P
an
d T
ØA
t sp
ecifie
d re
fere
nce
tem
pe
ratu
re T
sa
nd
pre
ssu
re P
s(re
ferre
d to
as
sta
nd
ard
tem
pe
ratu
re a
nd
pre
ssu
re, o
r ST
P)
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
121212
Kn
ow
n v
alu
es
ØD
ete
rmin
e V
for a
giv
en
va
lue
of n
or v
ice
ve
rsa
with
ou
t the
ne
ed
for
ne
ed
a v
alu
e fo
r R.
![Page 7: THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANeacademic.ju.edu.jo/z.hamamre/Material/Chemical...Introduction Ø The following methods can be used to determine a ph ysical property of a process material:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071506/6126a9004d8534621a278022/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
131313
ØØSS
tan
da
rd CC
ub
ic MM
ete
rs (o
r SC
MS
CM
) is o
ften
use
d to
de
no
te m
3(ST
P).
ØØSS
tan
da
rd CC
ub
ic FF
ee
t (or S
CF
SC
F) d
en
ote
s ft 3(S
TP
).
ØA
vo
lum
etric
flow
rate
of 1
8.2
SC
MH
mea
ns 1
8.2
m3/h
at 0
°Ca
nd
1
atm
.
Bu
tan
e (C
4 H10
) at 3
60
°C a
nd
3.0
atm
abso
lute
flow
s in
to a
rea
cto
r at a
rate
of 1
10
0 k
g/h
. Ca
lcu
late
the
vo
lum
etric
flow
rate
of th
is s
trea
m
usin
g c
on
ve
rsio
n fro
m s
tan
da
rd c
on
ditio
ns.
Exam
pleExam
ple
Th
e m
ola
r flow
rate
:
Th
e a
bso
lute
tem
pe
ratu
re a
nd
pre
ssu
re
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
141414
Th
e a
bso
lute
tem
pe
ratu
re a
nd
pre
ssu
re
Qu
iz:
Re
-pe
rform
the
ca
lcu
latio
n u
sin
g R
va
lue
![Page 8: THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANeacademic.ju.edu.jo/z.hamamre/Material/Chemical...Introduction Ø The following methods can be used to determine a ph ysical property of a process material:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071506/6126a9004d8534621a278022/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Exam
pleExam
ple
Te
n c
ub
ic fe
et o
f air a
t 70
°F a
nd
1.0
0 a
tmis
he
ate
d to
61
0°F
an
d
co
mp
resse
d to
2.5
0 a
tm. W
ha
t vo
lum
e d
oe
s th
e g
as o
ccu
py in
its fin
al
sta
te?Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
151515
Th
e flo
w ra
te o
f a m
eth
an
e s
tream
at 2
85
°F a
nd
1.3
0 a
tmis
me
asure
d
with
an
orific
e m
ete
r. Th
e c
alib
ratio
n c
ha
rt for th
e m
ete
r ind
ica
tes th
at
the
flow
rate
is 3
.95
X1
05
SC
FH
. Ca
lcu
late
the
mo
lar flo
w ra
te a
nd
the
tru
e v
olu
me
tric flo
w ra
te o
f the
stre
am
.
Exam
pleExam
ple
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
161616
To
ca
lcu
late
the
true
vo
lum
etric
flow
rate
of th
e m
eth
an
e
Th
e a
ctu
al c
on
ditio
ns
Th
e s
tan
da
rd c
on
ditio
ns
![Page 9: THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANeacademic.ju.edu.jo/z.hamamre/Material/Chemical...Introduction Ø The following methods can be used to determine a ph ysical property of a process material:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071506/6126a9004d8534621a278022/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
A c
ylin
de
r co
nta
ins 1
.0 ft 3
of o
xyg
en
at 7
0 F
an
d 2
00
psig
. Wh
at w
ill be
th
e v
olu
me
of th
is g
as in
a b
allo
on
at 9
0 F
an
d 4
.0 in
H2 O
ab
ove
a
tmo
sp
he
ric?
Th
e b
aro
me
ter re
ad
s 2
9.9
2 in
Hg
Exam
pleExam
ple
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
171717
Sin
ce
no
ga
s is
ad
de
d o
r rem
ove
d, th
e n
um
be
r of m
ole
s is
co
nsta
nt
Pu
tting
the
pre
ssu
res in
to c
on
sis
ten
t un
its
Th
e a
bso
lute
tem
pe
ratu
res a
re:
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
181818
![Page 10: THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANeacademic.ju.edu.jo/z.hamamre/Material/Chemical...Introduction Ø The following methods can be used to determine a ph ysical property of a process material:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071506/6126a9004d8534621a278022/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Ideal G
as Mixture
sIdeal G
as Mixture
s
ØA
mix
ture
of id
ea
l ga
se
s is
itse
lf an
ide
al g
as,
ØS
up
po
se
yo
u h
ave
a m
ixtu
re o
f ga
se
s, e
ach
is id
ea
l, i.e. th
e m
ixtu
re
is id
ea
l ga
s m
ixtu
re, th
en
ØF
or s
pe
cie
s A
, B a
nd
C in
the
mix
ture
,
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
191919
sin
ce
ea
ch
co
mp
on
en
t ire
pre
se
nt a
n id
ea
l ga
s
ØF
or A
, B a
nd
C id
ea
l ga
s m
ixtu
re,
Sim
ilar th
ing
ca
n b
e d
on
e u
sin
g p
ure
co
mp
on
en
t vo
lum
e
Pi : th
e p
ressu
re th
at w
ou
ld b
e e
xe
rted
by n
i mo
les o
f A a
lon
e in
the
sa
me
tota
l vo
lum
e V
at th
e s
am
e te
mp
era
ture
T.
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
202020
vA : th
e v
olu
me
tha
t wo
uld
be
occu
pie
d b
y n
i mo
les o
f A a
lon
e a
t the
to
tal p
ressu
reP
an
d te
mp
era
ture
T o
f the
mix
ture
.
![Page 11: THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANeacademic.ju.edu.jo/z.hamamre/Material/Chemical...Introduction Ø The following methods can be used to determine a ph ysical property of a process material:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071506/6126a9004d8534621a278022/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
ØF
or A
, B a
nd
C id
ea
l ga
s m
ixtu
re,
Liq
uid
ace
ton
e (C
3 H6 O
) is fe
d a
t a ra
te o
f 40
0 L
/min
into
a h
ea
ted
ch
am
be
r, wh
ere
it eva
po
rate
s in
to a
nitro
ge
n s
trea
m. T
he
ga
s le
avin
g
the
he
ate
r is d
ilute
d b
y a
no
the
r nitro
ge
n s
trea
m flo
win
g a
t a m
ea
su
red
ra
te o
f 41
9 m
3(ST
P)/m
in. T
he
co
mb
ine
d g
ase
s a
re th
en
co
mp
resse
d to
a
tota
l pre
ssure
P =
6.3
atm
gau
ge
at a
tem
pe
ratu
re o
f 325
°C. T
he
Exam
pleExam
ple
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
212121
pa
rtial p
ressu
re o
f ace
ton
e in
this
stre
am
is P
a=
50
1 m
m H
g.
Atm
osp
he
ric p
ressu
re is
76
3 m
m H
g.
a)
Wh
at is
the
mo
lar c
om
po
sitio
n o
f the
stre
am
lea
vin
g th
e
co
mp
resso
r?b
)W
ha
t is th
e v
olu
me
tric flo
w ra
te o
f the
nitro
ge
n e
nte
ring
the
e
va
pora
tor if th
e te
mp
era
ture
an
d p
ressure
of th
is s
trea
m a
re 2
7°C
an
d 4
75
mm
Hg
ga
ug
e???
Th
e M
ola
r Flo
w R
ate
of A
ce
ton
e
Th
e d
en
sity
of A
ce
ton
e
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
222222
Fro
m T
ab
le B
.1 in
Ap
pe
nd
ix B
, the
de
nsity
of liq
uid
ace
ton
e is
0.7
91
g
/cm
3
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Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
232323
Ove
rall M
ole
Ba
lan
ce
on
Ace
ton
e
Ove
rall M
ole
Ba
lan
ce
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
242424
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Real (N
onReal (N
on--ideal) gase
sideal) gase
s
ØØIn
the
ide
al g
as e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te, th
e c
alc
ula
tion
is in
de
pe
nd
en
t of
In th
e id
ea
l ga
s e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te, th
e c
alc
ula
tion
is in
de
pe
nd
en
t of
the
sp
ecie
s o
f the
ga
s a
nd
is th
e s
am
e fo
r sin
gle
sp
ecie
s a
nd
th
e s
pe
cie
s o
f the
ga
s a
nd
is th
e s
am
e fo
r sin
gle
sp
ecie
s a
nd
m
ixtu
res
mix
ture
s
ØØA
t low
tem
pe
ratu
res a
nd
hig
h p
ressu
res, th
e id
ea
l ga
s e
qu
atio
n
At lo
w te
mp
era
ture
s a
nd
hig
h p
ressu
res, th
e id
ea
l ga
s e
qu
atio
n
ce
ase
s to
ap
ply.
ce
ase
s to
ap
ply.
ØØR
ea
l ga
se
s d
o n
ot o
be
y id
ea
l ga
s b
eh
avio
r du
e to
inte
rmo
lecu
lar
Re
al g
ase
s d
o n
ot o
be
y id
ea
l ga
s b
eh
avio
r du
e to
inte
rmo
lecu
lar
inte
ractio
n a
nd
ide
al g
as E
OS
do
es n
ot h
old
true
.in
tera
ctio
n a
nd
ide
al g
as E
OS
do
es n
ot h
old
true
.
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
252525
inte
ractio
n a
nd
ide
al g
as E
OS
do
es n
ot h
old
true
.in
tera
ctio
n a
nd
ide
al g
as E
OS
do
es n
ot h
old
true
.
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
262626
De
via
tion
of re
al g
ase
s fro
m th
e id
ea
l ga
s la
w a
t hig
h p
ressu
res.
De
via
tion
of re
al g
ase
s fro
m th
e id
ea
l ga
s la
w a
t hig
h p
ressu
res.
![Page 14: THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANeacademic.ju.edu.jo/z.hamamre/Material/Chemical...Introduction Ø The following methods can be used to determine a ph ysical property of a process material:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071506/6126a9004d8534621a278022/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
ØØR
ea
l ga
se
s re
qu
ire m
ore
co
mp
lex e
qu
atio
ns o
f sta
te th
an
do
ide
al
Re
al g
ase
s re
qu
ire m
ore
co
mp
lex e
qu
atio
ns o
f sta
te th
an
do
ide
al
ga
se
s:
ga
se
s:
ooV
irial E
qu
atio
ns o
f Sta
te
Viria
l Eq
ua
tion
s o
f Sta
te
ooC
ub
ic E
qu
atio
ns o
f Sta
te
Cu
bic
Eq
ua
tion
s o
f Sta
te
ooC
om
pre
ssib
ility F
acto
r Eq
ua
tion
C
om
pre
ssib
ility F
acto
r Eq
ua
tion
Critical T
emperature
and Pre
ssureCritical T
emperature
and Pre
ssure
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
272727
Critical T
emperature
and Pre
ssureCritical T
emperature
and Pre
ssure
ØØT
he
critic
al te
mp
era
ture
of a
sp
ecie
s (
Th
e c
ritica
l tem
pe
ratu
re o
f a s
pe
cie
s (TT
cc ) is th
e h
igh
est
) is th
e h
igh
est
tem
pe
ratu
re a
t wh
ich
the
sp
ecie
s c
an
co
exis
t in tw
o p
ha
se
s (liq
uid
te
mp
era
ture
at w
hic
h th
e s
pe
cie
s c
an
co
exis
t in tw
o p
ha
se
s (liq
uid
a
nd
va
po
r), a
nd
va
po
r),
ØØT
he
critic
al p
ressu
reT
he
critic
al p
ressu
re( ( PP
cc ))is
the
co
rresp
on
din
g p
ressu
re a
t Tis
the
co
rresp
on
din
g p
ressu
re a
t TCC
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
282828
ØØA
su
bsta
nce
at
A s
ub
sta
nce
at TT
cca
nd
Pa
nd
Pcc
is s
aid
to b
e a
t its c
ritica
l sta
teis
sa
id to
be
at its
critic
al s
tate
ØØA
su
bsta
nce
at T
>
A s
ub
sta
nce
at T
> TT
cca
nd
P >
Pa
nd
P >
Pcc
is s
aid
to b
e a
t its s
up
erc
ritica
l fluid
is s
aid
to b
e a
t its s
up
erc
ritica
l fluid
![Page 15: THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANeacademic.ju.edu.jo/z.hamamre/Material/Chemical...Introduction Ø The following methods can be used to determine a ph ysical property of a process material:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071506/6126a9004d8534621a278022/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
ØØA
va
po
r is a
ga
se
ou
s s
pe
cie
s b
elo
w its
critic
al te
mp
era
ture
, an
d
A v
ap
or is
a g
ase
ou
s s
pe
cie
s b
elo
w its
critic
al te
mp
era
ture
, an
d
ØØA
ga
s is
a s
pe
cie
s a
bo
ve
its c
ritica
l tem
pe
ratu
reA
ga
s is
a s
pe
cie
s a
bo
ve
its c
ritica
l tem
pe
ratu
re
A v
ap
or c
an
be
co
nd
en
se
d b
y c
om
pre
ssin
g it is
oth
erm
ally, o
r by
A v
ap
or c
an
be
co
nd
en
se
d b
y c
om
pre
ssin
g it is
oth
erm
ally, o
r by
red
ucin
g th
e te
mp
era
ture
at c
on
sta
nt p
ressu
re (c
oo
ling
)re
du
cin
g th
e te
mp
era
ture
at c
on
sta
nt p
ressu
re (c
oo
ling
)
A g
as c
an
be
ma
de
de
nse
r an
d d
en
se
r by c
om
pre
ssin
g it is
oth
erm
ally
A
ga
s c
an
be
ma
de
de
nse
r an
d d
en
se
r by c
om
pre
ssin
g it is
oth
erm
ally
BU
TB
UT
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
292929
A g
as c
an
be
ma
de
de
nse
r an
d d
en
se
r by c
om
pre
ssin
g it is
oth
erm
ally
A
ga
s c
an
be
ma
de
de
nse
r an
d d
en
se
r by c
om
pre
ssin
g it is
oth
erm
ally
w
itho
ut tw
o p
ha
se
form
atio
n.
with
ou
t two
ph
ase
form
atio
n.
A g
as c
an
be
co
nd
en
se
d o
nly
by re
du
cin
g th
e te
mp
era
ture
an
d
A g
as c
an
be
co
nd
en
se
d o
nly
by re
du
cin
g th
e te
mp
era
ture
an
d
incre
asin
g th
e p
ressu
rein
cre
asin
g th
e p
ressu
re
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
303030
Tem
pera
ture
Tem
pera
ture
Tem
pera
ture---p
ressure d
iagram (p
hase d
iagram) o
f CO
pressu
re diagram (p
hase d
iagram) o
f CO
pressu
re diagram (p
hase d
iagram) o
f CO
222
![Page 16: THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANeacademic.ju.edu.jo/z.hamamre/Material/Chemical...Introduction Ø The following methods can be used to determine a ph ysical property of a process material:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071506/6126a9004d8534621a278022/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
313131
PPP---T diagram (p
hase d
iagram) fo
r Water
T diagram (p
hase d
iagram) fo
r Water
T diagram (p
hase d
iagram) fo
r Water
Virial E
quations of State
Virial E
quations of State
wh
ere
B, C
, an
d D
are
fun
ctio
ns o
f tem
pe
ratu
re a
nd
are
kn
ow
n a
s th
e
wh
ere
B, C
, an
d D
are
fun
ctio
ns o
f tem
pe
ratu
re a
nd
are
kn
ow
n a
s th
e
se
co
nd
, third
, an
d fo
urth
se
co
nd
, third
, an
d fo
urth
viria
lviria
lco
effic
ien
ts, re
sp
ectiv
ely.
co
effic
ien
ts, re
sp
ectiv
ely.
in th
e g
as re
gio
n (s
ing
le p
ha
se
syste
m)
in th
e g
as re
gio
n (s
ing
le p
ha
se
syste
m)
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
323232
ØØS
ince
the
ore
tica
l an
d e
xp
erim
en
tal d
ata
is n
ot re
ad
ily a
va
ilab
le fo
r S
ince
the
ore
tica
l an
d e
xp
erim
en
tal d
ata
is n
ot re
ad
ily a
va
ilab
le fo
r vira
l co
effic
ien
ts h
igh
er th
an
the
se
co
nd
on
e, th
e e
qu
atio
n is
ofte
n
vira
l co
effic
ien
ts h
igh
er th
an
the
se
co
nd
on
e, th
e e
qu
atio
n is
ofte
n
use
d in
trun
ca
ted
form
.u
se
d in
trun
ca
ted
form
.
An
dA
nd
![Page 17: THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANeacademic.ju.edu.jo/z.hamamre/Material/Chemical...Introduction Ø The following methods can be used to determine a ph ysical property of a process material:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071506/6126a9004d8534621a278022/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Wh
ere
Wh
ere
(Th
e re
du
ce
d te
mp
era
ture
)(T
he
red
uce
d te
mp
era
ture
)
ωω: :
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
333333
ωω: : is
is
Pitz
er
Pitz
er
ace
ntric
ace
ntric
facto
r, a
facto
r, a
pa
ram
ete
r tha
t refle
cts
the
p
ara
me
ter th
at re
flects
the
g
eo
me
try a
nd
po
larity
of a
g
eo
me
try a
nd
po
larity
of a
m
ole
cu
lem
ole
cu
le
Tw
o g
ram
Tw
o g
ram
--mole
s o
f nitro
gen
is p
lace
d in
a th
ree
mole
s o
f nitro
gen
is p
lace
d in
a th
ree--lite
r tan
k a
t lite
r tan
k a
t --150
150
..88°°C
. C
.
Estim
ate
the
tan
k p
ressu
re u
sin
g th
e id
ea
l ga
s e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te a
nd
E
stim
ate
the
tan
k p
ressu
re u
sin
g th
e id
ea
l ga
s e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te a
nd
th
en
usin
g th
e
the
n u
sin
g th
e v
irial
viria
le
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te tru
nca
ted
afte
r the
se
co
nd
term
. e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te tru
nca
ted
afte
r the
se
co
nd
term
. Ta
kin
g th
e s
eco
nd
estim
ate
to b
e c
orre
ct, c
alc
ula
te th
e p
erc
en
tag
e
Ta
kin
g th
e s
eco
nd
estim
ate
to b
e c
orre
ct, c
alc
ula
te th
e p
erc
en
tag
e
erro
r tha
t resu
lts fro
m th
e u
se
of th
e id
ea
l ga
s e
qu
atio
n a
t the
syste
m
erro
r tha
t resu
lts fro
m th
e u
se
of th
e id
ea
l ga
s e
qu
atio
n a
t the
syste
m
co
nd
ition
s.
co
nd
ition
s.
Exam
pleExam
ple
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
343434
Usin
g th
e id
ea
l ga
s e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
teU
sin
g th
e id
ea
l ga
s e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te
Usin
g th
e
Usin
g th
e v
irial
viria
le
qu
atio
n e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
tee
qu
atio
n e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te
![Page 18: THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANeacademic.ju.edu.jo/z.hamamre/Material/Chemical...Introduction Ø The following methods can be used to determine a ph ysical property of a process material:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071506/6126a9004d8534621a278022/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Th
e c
ritica
l pro
pe
rties
Th
e c
ritica
l pro
pe
rties
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
353535
% e
rror in
the
pre
ssu
re%
erro
r in th
e p
ressu
re
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
363636
Cubic E
quations of State
Cubic E
quations of State
ØØV
irial e
qu
atio
ns c
an
no
t rep
rese
nt th
erm
od
yn
am
ic s
yste
ms w
he
re
Viria
l eq
ua
tion
s c
an
no
t rep
rese
nt th
erm
od
yn
am
ic s
yste
ms w
he
re
bo
th liq
uid
an
d v
ap
or a
re p
rese
nt.
bo
th liq
uid
an
d v
ap
or a
re p
rese
nt.
ØØA
"cu
bic
" A
"cu
bic
" Eo
SE
oS
is n
ee
d to
do
this
is n
ee
d to
do
this
![Page 19: THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANeacademic.ju.edu.jo/z.hamamre/Material/Chemical...Introduction Ø The following methods can be used to determine a ph ysical property of a process material:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071506/6126a9004d8534621a278022/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
ØØC
ub
ic E
qu
atio
ns o
f Sta
te
Cu
bic
Eq
ua
tion
s o
f Sta
te a
re P
VT
rela
tion
sh
ips w
he
n e
xp
an
de
d,
are
PV
T re
latio
nsh
ips w
he
n e
xp
an
de
d,
resu
lts in
third
resu
lts in
third
--ord
er e
qu
atio
ns fo
r the
sp
ecific
vo
lum
eo
rde
r eq
ua
tion
s fo
r the
sp
ecific
vo
lum
e
Va
n
Va
n d
er
de
rW
aa
ls e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te:
Wa
als
eq
ua
tion
of s
tate
:
Wh
ere
Wh
ere
Or
Or
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
373737
So
ave
So
ave
--Re
dlic
hR
ed
lich
--Kw
on
gK
wo
ng
(SR
K) e
qu
atio
n:
(SR
K) e
qu
atio
n:
Wh
ere
Wh
ere
the
b te
rm is
a v
olu
me
co
rrectio
n, w
hile
the
a is
a m
ole
cu
lar in
tera
ctio
n
the
b te
rm is
a v
olu
me
co
rrectio
n, w
hile
the
a is
a m
ole
cu
lar in
tera
ctio
n
pa
ram
ete
r.p
ara
me
ter.
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
383838
ωω: : is
is
Pitz
er
Pitz
er
ace
ntric
ace
ntric
facto
r, a p
ara
me
ter th
at re
flects
the
ge
om
etry
an
d
facto
r, a p
ara
me
ter th
at re
flects
the
ge
om
etry
an
d
po
larity
of a
mo
lecu
lep
ola
rity o
f a m
ole
cu
le
ØØS
olv
ing
the
cu
bic
eq
ua
tion
typ
ica
lly re
qu
ires a
n ite
rativ
e ("tria
lS
olv
ing
the
cu
bic
eq
ua
tion
typ
ica
lly re
qu
ires a
n ite
rativ
e ("tria
l--an
da
nd
--e
rror") s
olu
tion
.e
rror") s
olu
tion
.
![Page 20: THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANeacademic.ju.edu.jo/z.hamamre/Material/Chemical...Introduction Ø The following methods can be used to determine a ph ysical property of a process material:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071506/6126a9004d8534621a278022/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Co
nsta
nts
for th
e V
an
C
on
sta
nts
for th
e V
an
de
rd
er
Wa
als
an
d
Wa
als
an
d R
ed
lich
Re
dlic
h--K
wo
ng
Kw
on
g'E
qu
atio
ns
'Eq
ua
tion
s
Ca
lcu
late
d F
rom
the
Lis
ted
Va
lue
s o
f the
Critic
al C
on
sta
nts
Ca
lcu
late
d F
rom
the
Lis
ted
Va
lue
s o
f the
Critic
al C
on
sta
nts
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
393939
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
404040
![Page 21: THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANeacademic.ju.edu.jo/z.hamamre/Material/Chemical...Introduction Ø The following methods can be used to determine a ph ysical property of a process material:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071506/6126a9004d8534621a278022/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
A g
as c
ylin
de
r with
a v
olu
me
of
A g
as c
ylin
de
r with
a v
olu
me
of 22
..50
5
0 m
co
nta
ins
m c
on
tain
s 11
..00
0
0 k
mo
lkm
olo
f ca
rbo
n
of c
arb
on
d
ioxid
e a
t T =
d
ioxid
e a
t T =
30
0
30
0 K
. Use
the
SR
K e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te to
estim
ate
the
K
. Use
the
SR
K e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te to
estim
ate
the
g
as p
ressu
re in
atm
.g
as p
ressu
re in
atm
.
Exam
pleExam
ple
Th
e s
pe
cific
mo
lar v
olu
me
Th
e s
pe
cific
mo
lar v
olu
me
Th
e c
ritica
l pro
pe
rties
Th
e c
ritica
l pro
pe
rties
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
414141
Th
e c
ritica
l pro
pe
rties
Th
e c
ritica
l pro
pe
rties
Th
e c
on
sta
nts
be
co
me
T
he
co
nsta
nts
be
co
me
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
424242
![Page 22: THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANeacademic.ju.edu.jo/z.hamamre/Material/Chemical...Introduction Ø The following methods can be used to determine a ph ysical property of a process material:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071506/6126a9004d8534621a278022/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Ca
rbo
n d
ioxid
e a
t C
arb
on
dio
xid
e a
t 30
0
30
0 K
an
d
K a
nd
66..8
8
atm
atm
flow
s a
t flo
ws a
t 10
0
10
0 k
mo
lkm
ol/h
. Use
the
/h
. Use
the
S
RK
eq
ua
tion
of s
tate
to d
ete
rmin
e th
e v
olu
me
tric flo
wS
RK
eq
ua
tion
of s
tate
to d
ete
rmin
e th
e v
olu
me
tric flo
w
Th
e c
ritica
l pro
pe
rties
Th
e c
ritica
l pro
pe
rties
Th
e c
on
sta
nts
be
co
me
T
he
co
nsta
nts
be
co
me
Exam
pleExam
ple
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
434343
Re
arra
ng
e: d
ivid
e b
y P
an
d m
ultip
ly b
yR
ea
rran
ge: d
ivid
e b
y P
an
d m
ultip
ly b
y
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
444444
Use
an
itera
tive
ap
pro
ach
Use
an
itera
tive
ap
pro
ach
Use
the
ide
al g
as la
w to
ge
t an
initia
l va
lue
, be
ca
use
it will u
su
ally
be
U
se
the
ide
al g
as la
w to
ge
t an
initia
l va
lue
, be
ca
use
it will u
su
ally
be
"c
lose
" to th
e re
al s
olu
tion
"clo
se
" to th
e re
al s
olu
tion
Re
arra
ng
e: d
ivid
e b
y P
an
d m
ultip
ly b
yR
ea
rran
ge: d
ivid
e b
y P
an
d m
ultip
ly b
y
PP 11E
qu
.E
qu
.11
![Page 23: THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANeacademic.ju.edu.jo/z.hamamre/Material/Chemical...Introduction Ø The following methods can be used to determine a ph ysical property of a process material:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071506/6126a9004d8534621a278022/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Su
bstitu
te th
is v
alu
e in
the
righ
t ha
nd
sid
e o
f S
ub
stitu
te th
is v
alu
e in
the
righ
t ha
nd
sid
e o
f Eq
uE
qu
. . 11, th
en
, the
n
33..55
Su
bstitu
te th
is v
alu
e in
the
righ
t ha
nd
sid
e o
f S
ub
stitu
te th
is v
alu
e in
the
righ
t ha
nd
sid
e o
f Eq
uE
qu
. . 11, th
en
, the
n
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
454545
33..4
97
49
7
A s
trea
m o
f pro
pa
ne
at te
mp
era
ture
T =
A
stre
am
of p
rop
an
e a
t tem
pe
ratu
re T
= 4
23
4
23
K a
nd
pre
ssu
re P
(K
an
d p
ressu
re P
(atm
atm
) ) flo
ws a
t a ra
te o
f flo
ws a
t a ra
te o
f 10
01
00
..0
0 k
mo
lkm
ol/h
. Use
the
SR
K e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te to
/h
. Use
the
SR
K e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te to
e
stim
ate
the
vo
lum
etric
flow
rate
of th
e s
trea
m fo
r P =
e
stim
ate
the
vo
lum
etric
flow
rate
of th
e s
trea
m fo
r P =
00..7
7
atm
atm
, , 7
7 a
tma
tm, ,
an
d
an
d 7
0
70
atm
. In e
ach
ca
se
, ca
lcu
late
the
pe
rce
nta
ge
diffe
ren
ce
s
atm
. In e
ach
ca
se
, ca
lcu
late
the
pe
rce
nta
ge
diffe
ren
ce
s
be
twe
en
the
pre
dic
tion
s o
f the
SR
K e
qu
atio
n a
nd
the
ide
al g
as
be
twe
en
the
pre
dic
tion
s o
f the
SR
K e
qu
atio
n a
nd
the
ide
al g
as
eq
ua
tion
of s
tate
.e
qu
atio
n o
f sta
te.
Exam
pleExam
ple
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
464646
![Page 24: THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANeacademic.ju.edu.jo/z.hamamre/Material/Chemical...Introduction Ø The following methods can be used to determine a ph ysical property of a process material:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071506/6126a9004d8534621a278022/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Com
pressib
ility Factor E
quationCom
pressib
ility Factor E
quation
ØØT
he
co
mp
ressib
ility fa
cto
r of a
ga
se
ou
s s
pe
cie
s is
de
fine
d a
s th
e
Th
e c
om
pre
ssib
ility fa
cto
r of a
ga
se
ou
s s
pe
cie
s is
de
fine
d a
s th
e
ratio
ratio
ØØF
or id
ea
l ga
s z
=
Fo
r ide
al g
as z
= 11
, the
exte
nt to
wh
ich
z d
iffers
from
, th
e e
xte
nt to
wh
ich
z d
iffers
from
1
1 is
a
is a
m
ea
su
re o
f the
exte
nt to
wh
ich
the
ga
s is
be
ha
vin
g
me
asu
re o
f the
exte
nt to
wh
ich
the
ga
s is
be
ha
vin
g n
on
ide
ally
no
nid
ea
lly..
Th
e c
om
pre
ssib
ility fa
cto
r eq
ua
tion
of s
tate
Th
e c
om
pre
ssib
ility fa
cto
r eq
ua
tion
of s
tate
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
474747
z =
z =
z(T
, P)
z(T
, P)
ØØT
he
co
mp
ressib
ility fa
cto
r is a
fun
ctio
n o
f tem
pe
ratu
re a
nd
pre
ssu
reT
he
co
mp
ressib
ility fa
cto
r is a
fun
ctio
n o
f tem
pe
ratu
re a
nd
pre
ssu
re
ØØV
alu
es a
re a
va
ilab
le in
Pe
rry's
Ch
em
ica
l En
gin
ee
rs' H
an
db
oo
k p
p.
Va
lue
s a
re a
va
ilab
le in
Pe
rry's
Ch
em
ica
l En
gin
ee
rs' H
an
db
oo
k p
p.
22--1
40
1
40
thro
ug
h
thro
ug
h 22
--15
01
50
,,…
.. etc
.…
.. etc
.
Fifty
cu
bic
me
ters
pe
r ho
ur o
f me
tha
ne
flow
s th
rou
gh
a p
ipe
line
at
Fifty
cu
bic
me
ters
pe
r ho
ur o
f me
tha
ne
flow
s th
rou
gh
a p
ipe
line
at 4
04
0..0
0
b
ar a
bso
lute
an
d
ba
r ab
so
lute
an
d 3
00
30
0..0
0
K. U
se
the
co
mp
ressib
ility fa
cto
r eq
ua
tion
to
K. U
se
the
co
mp
ressib
ility fa
cto
r eq
ua
tion
to
estim
ate
the
ma
ss flo
w ra
te in
kg
/he
stim
ate
the
ma
ss flo
w ra
te in
kg
/h
Exam
pleExam
ple
At
At 4
04
0..0
0
ba
r ab
so
lute
an
d
ba
r ab
so
lute
an
d 3
00
30
0..0
0
KK
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
484848
![Page 25: THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANeacademic.ju.edu.jo/z.hamamre/Material/Chemical...Introduction Ø The following methods can be used to determine a ph ysical property of a process material:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071506/6126a9004d8534621a278022/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
The Law of C
orrespond
ing State
s and Com
pressib
ility Charts
The Law of C
orrespond
ing State
s and Com
pressib
ility Charts
ØØA
cco
rdin
g to
the
Lo
w o
f Co
rresp
on
din
g S
tate
s, a
few
pro
pe
rties a
re
Acco
rdin
g to
the
Lo
w o
f Co
rresp
on
din
g S
tate
s, a
few
pro
pe
rties a
re
the
sa
me
for a
ll ga
se
s w
he
n e
xp
resse
d in
term
s o
f de
via
tion
from
th
e s
am
e fo
r all g
ase
s w
he
n e
xp
resse
d in
term
s o
f de
via
tion
from
th
e c
ritica
l po
int.
the
critic
al p
oin
t.
ØØT
he
de
via
tion
from
the
critic
al p
oin
t ca
n b
e e
xp
resse
d in
terim
s o
f TT
he
de
via
tion
from
the
critic
al p
oin
t ca
n b
e e
xp
resse
d in
terim
s o
f Trr
(red
uce
d te
mp
era
ture
) an
d P
(red
uce
d te
mp
era
ture
) an
d P
rr(re
du
ce
d p
ressu
re)
(red
uce
d p
ressu
re)
ØØT
hu
s, a
"ge
ne
raliz
ed
co
mp
ressib
ility fa
cto
r ch
art" c
an
be
use
d to
T
hu
s, a
"ge
ne
raliz
ed
co
mp
ressib
ility fa
cto
r ch
art" c
an
be
use
d to
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
494949
ØØT
hu
s, a
"ge
ne
raliz
ed
co
mp
ressib
ility fa
cto
r ch
art" c
an
be
use
d to
T
hu
s, a
"ge
ne
raliz
ed
co
mp
ressib
ility fa
cto
r ch
art" c
an
be
use
d to
g
et z
on
ce
we
ha
ve
the
red
uce
d te
mp
era
ture
an
d p
ressu
re.
ge
t z o
nce
we
ha
ve
the
red
uce
d te
mp
era
ture
an
d p
ressu
re.
ØØT
he
are
typ
ica
lly s
eve
ral d
iffere
nt v
iew
s o
f the
ch
art, d
ep
en
din
g o
n
Th
e a
re ty
pic
ally
se
ve
ral d
iffere
nt v
iew
s o
f the
ch
art, d
ep
en
din
g o
n
the
pre
ssu
re ra
ng
e.
the
pre
ssu
re ra
ng
e.
Is in
trod
uce
d in
so
me
ch
art to
elim
ina
te th
e n
ee
d fo
r trial
Is in
trod
uce
d in
so
me
ch
art to
elim
ina
te th
e n
ee
d fo
r trial--a
nd
an
d--e
rror
erro
r
ca
lcu
latio
ns in
pro
ble
ms w
he
re e
ithe
r tem
pe
ratu
re o
r pre
ssu
re is
ca
lcu
latio
ns in
pro
ble
ms w
he
re e
ithe
r tem
pe
ratu
re o
r pre
ssu
re is
un
kn
ow
nu
nkn
ow
n
Fig
ure
F
igu
re 55
..44--1
1
(p.
(p. 2
08
20
8))
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
505050
![Page 26: THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANeacademic.ju.edu.jo/z.hamamre/Material/Chemical...Introduction Ø The following methods can be used to determine a ph ysical property of a process material:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071506/6126a9004d8534621a278022/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
515151
Fig
ure
F
igu
re 55
..44--2
2
(p.
(p. 2
09
20
9))
Genera
lized c
om
pre
ssib
ility c
hart, lo
w p
ressure
s.
Genera
lized c
om
pre
ssib
ility c
hart, lo
w p
ressure
s.
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
525252
Fig
ure
F
igu
re 55
..44--3
3
(p.
(p. 2
10
21
0))
Genera
lized c
om
pre
ssib
ility c
hart, m
ediu
m p
ressure
s.
Genera
lized c
om
pre
ssib
ility c
hart, m
ediu
m p
ressure
s.
![Page 27: THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANeacademic.ju.edu.jo/z.hamamre/Material/Chemical...Introduction Ø The following methods can be used to determine a ph ysical property of a process material:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071506/6126a9004d8534621a278022/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
535353
Fig
ure
F
igu
re 55
..44--4
4
(p.
(p. 2
11
211
))G
enera
lized c
om
pre
ssib
ility c
hart, h
igh p
ressure
s.
Genera
lized c
om
pre
ssib
ility c
hart, h
igh p
ressure
s.
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
545454
Genera
lized c
om
pre
ssib
ility c
hart
Genera
lized c
om
pre
ssib
ility c
hart
![Page 28: THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANeacademic.ju.edu.jo/z.hamamre/Material/Chemical...Introduction Ø The following methods can be used to determine a ph ysical property of a process material:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071506/6126a9004d8534621a278022/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
555555
Genera
lized c
om
pre
ssib
ility c
hart
Genera
lized c
om
pre
ssib
ility c
hart
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
565656
Genera
lized c
om
pre
ssib
ility c
hart
Genera
lized c
om
pre
ssib
ility c
hart
![Page 29: THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANeacademic.ju.edu.jo/z.hamamre/Material/Chemical...Introduction Ø The following methods can be used to determine a ph ysical property of a process material:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071506/6126a9004d8534621a278022/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Generalized compressibility chart Generalized compressibility chart
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
575757
Generalized compressibility chart Generalized compressibility chart
ØØW
arn
ing
: W
arn
ing
: Hyd
rog
en
an
d H
eliu
m a
re s
pe
cia
l ca
se
s. T
he
y re
qu
ire a
co
rrectio
n w
he
n c
alc
ula
ting
red
uce
d p
rop
ertie
s. H
en
ce
, de
term
ine
a
dju
ste
d c
ritica
l co
nsta
nts
from
the
em
piric
al fo
rmu
las
New
ton's
corre
ctio
ns
Exam
pleExam
ple
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
585858
It is n
ece
ssa
ry to
sto
re 1
lbm
ole
of m
eth
an
e a
t a te
mp
era
ture
of 1
22
F
an
d a
pre
ssu
re o
f 60
0 a
tm. W
ha
t is th
e v
olu
me
of th
e v
esse
l tha
t mu
st
be
pro
vid
ed
? C
om
pa
re re
su
lts u
sin
g th
e id
ea
l ga
s la
w a
nd
the
co
mp
ressib
ility fa
cto
r eq
ua
tion
.
![Page 30: THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANeacademic.ju.edu.jo/z.hamamre/Material/Chemical...Introduction Ø The following methods can be used to determine a ph ysical property of a process material:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071506/6126a9004d8534621a278022/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Usin
g th
e c
om
pre
ssib
ility fa
cto
r eq
ua
tion
Usin
g th
e id
ea
l ga
s la
w
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
595959
Fro
m th
e g
en
era
lize
d c
om
pre
ssib
ility fa
cto
r ch
art,
z =
1.2
0
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
606060
![Page 31: THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANeacademic.ju.edu.jo/z.hamamre/Material/Chemical...Introduction Ø The following methods can be used to determine a ph ysical property of a process material:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071506/6126a9004d8534621a278022/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
1.2
00.8
45
On
e h
un
dre
d g
ram
-mo
les o
f nitro
ge
n is
co
nta
ine
d in
a 5
-liter v
esse
l at
-20
.6°C
. Estim
ate
the
pre
ssu
re in
the
cylin
de
r.
Exam
pleExam
ple
Th
e c
ritica
l tem
pe
ratu
re a
nd
pre
ssu
re o
f nitro
ge
n
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
616161
Th
e re
du
ce
d te
mp
era
ture
an
d v
olu
me
z =
1.7
7
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
626262
Fig
ure
F
igu
re 55
..44--4
4
(p.
(p. 2
11
211
))G
enera
lized c
om
pre
ssib
ility c
hart, h
igh p
ressure
s.
Genera
lized c
om
pre
ssib
ility c
hart, h
igh p
ressure
s.
![Page 32: THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANeacademic.ju.edu.jo/z.hamamre/Material/Chemical...Introduction Ø The following methods can be used to determine a ph ysical property of a process material:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071506/6126a9004d8534621a278022/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Real G
as Mixture
sReal G
as Mixture
s
ØØT
he
mix
ture
co
mp
ressib
ility fa
cto
r, T
he
mix
ture
co
mp
ressib
ility fa
cto
r, zzmm, is
fou
nd
from
the
ge
ne
raliz
ed
, is
fou
nd
from
the
ge
ne
raliz
ed
co
mp
ressib
ility fa
cto
r ch
art u
sin
g th
e s
yste
m te
mp
era
ture
an
d
co
mp
ressib
ility fa
cto
r ch
art u
sin
g th
e s
yste
m te
mp
era
ture
an
d
pre
ssu
re re
du
ce
d u
sin
g "
pre
ssu
re re
du
ce
d u
sin
g "p
se
ud
ocritic
al
pse
ud
ocritic
alc
on
sta
nts
" giv
en
by
co
nsta
nts
" giv
en
by
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
636363
Ka
y's
Ru
leK
ay's
Ru
le
30
0
30
0 lb
s o
f a m
ixtu
re o
f lb
s o
f a m
ixtu
re o
f 10
1
0 m
ol%
pro
pa
ne
, m
ol%
pro
pa
ne
, 20
20
% n
% n
--bu
tan
e, a
nd
b
uta
ne
, an
d 7
07
0%
n%
n--
pe
nta
ne
is c
om
ple
tely
va
po
rize
d in
a
pe
nta
ne
is c
om
ple
tely
va
po
rize
d in
a p
ipe
still
pip
estill
in o
ne
ho
ur. A
t the
ou
tlet,
in o
ne
ho
ur. A
t the
ou
tlet,
the
tem
pe
ratu
re a
nd
pre
ssu
re a
re
the
tem
pe
ratu
re a
nd
pre
ssu
re a
re 5
15
5
15
F a
nd
F
an
d 6
00
6
00
psia
psia
. Wh
at is
the
. W
ha
t is th
e
vo
lum
etric
flow
rate
at th
e o
utle
t in
vo
lum
etric
flow
rate
at th
e o
utle
t in c
fmcfm
at o
utle
t co
nd
ition
s.
at o
utle
t co
nd
ition
s.
Ba
sis
: B
asis
: 10
0
10
0 m
ole
s m
ixtu
rem
ole
s m
ixtu
re1
0
10
mo
l pro
pa
ne
* m
ol p
rop
an
e * 4
4
44
lb/m
ole
=
lb/m
ole
= 4
40
4
40
lbs
lbs
20
2
0 m
ol b
uta
ne
* m
ol b
uta
ne
* 58
5
8 =
=
11
60
11
60
70
7
0 m
ol p
en
tan
e *
mo
l pe
nta
ne
* 72
7
2 =
=
50
40
50
40
Exam
pleExam
ple
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
646464
70
7
0 m
ol p
en
tan
e *
mo
l pe
nta
ne
* 72
7
2 =
=
50
40
50
40
To
tal
To
tal 6
64
0
66
40
lbs, A
MW
lb
s, A
MW
66
66
..4
4
Ma
ss fra
ctio
ns:
Ma
ss fra
ctio
ns: 00
..06
63
0
66
3 p
rop
an
e,
pro
pa
ne
, 00..1
75
1
75
bu
tan
e,
bu
tan
e, 00
..75
9
75
9 p
en
tan
ep
en
tan
e
Ba
sis
: B
asis
: 30
0
30
0 lb
s m
ixtu
relb
s m
ixtu
re3
00
3
00
* * 00..0
66
3
06
63
/ / 44
4
4 =
=
00..4
52
4
52
lbm
ole
slb
mo
les
pro
pa
ne
fed
pro
pa
ne
fed
30
0
30
0 * * 00
..17
5
17
5 / / 5
6
56
=
= 00
..90
5
90
5 lb
mo
les
lbm
ole
sb
uta
ne
bu
tan
e3
00
3
00
* * 00..7
59
7
59
/ / 72
7
2 =
=
33..1
6
16
lbm
ole
slb
mo
les
pe
nta
ne
pe
nta
ne
44..5
3
53
lbm
ole
slb
mo
les
tota
l to
tal
![Page 33: THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANeacademic.ju.edu.jo/z.hamamre/Material/Chemical...Introduction Ø The following methods can be used to determine a ph ysical property of a process material:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071506/6126a9004d8534621a278022/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Ch
eck th
e id
ea
lity o
f the
ga
s
Ch
eck th
e id
ea
lity o
f the
ga
s
Sin
ce
S
ince
17
17
..4
4 <
<
32
0
32
0 th
e g
as is
no
t ide
al
the
ga
s is
no
t ide
al
Th
e p
hysic
al p
rop
ertie
s a
re:
Th
e p
hysic
al p
rop
ertie
s a
re:
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
656565
Pro
pa
ne
Bu
tan
eP
en
tan
e
Tc
36
9.9
K4
25.1
7 K
46
9.8
K
66
5.8
R7
65.3
1 R
84
5.6
4 R
Pc
42
.0 atm
37
.47
atm3
3.3
atm
Th
e p
hysic
al p
rop
ertie
s a
re:
Th
e p
hysic
al p
rop
ertie
s a
re:
Ap
ply
ing
Ka
y's
Ru
leA
pp
lyin
g K
ay's
Ru
le
Fro
m th
e c
om
pre
ssib
ility fa
cto
r ch
art,
Fro
m th
e c
om
pre
ssib
ility fa
cto
r ch
art,
z=
z=
00..7
57
5
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
666666
z=
z=
00..7
57
5
![Page 34: THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDANeacademic.ju.edu.jo/z.hamamre/Material/Chemical...Introduction Ø The following methods can be used to determine a ph ysical property of a process material:](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022071506/6126a9004d8534621a278022/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
A m
ixtu
re o
f A
mix
ture
of 7
57
5%
H%
H22
an
d
an
d 2
52
5%
N%
N22
(mo
lar b
asis
) is c
on
tain
ed
in a
tan
k a
t (m
ola
r ba
sis
) is c
on
tain
ed
in a
tan
k a
t 8
00
8
00
atm
atm
an
d
an
d --7
07
0°°C
. Estim
ate
the
sp
ecific
vo
lum
e o
f the
mix
ture
in
C. E
stim
ate
the
sp
ecific
vo
lum
e o
f the
mix
ture
in
Lim
oI
Lim
oIu
sin
g K
ay's
rule
.u
sin
g K
ay's
rule
.
Exam
pleExam
ple
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
Ch
emical E
ng
ineerin
g D
epartm
ent
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
| U
niv
ersity o
f Jord
an | A
mm
an
| Un
iversity
of Jo
rdan
| Am
man
11
94
211
94
211
94
2, Jo
rdan
, Jord
an, Jo
rdan
Tel. +
Tel. +
Tel. +
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0
96
2 6
53
5 5
00
0 | | | 2
28
88
2
28
88
2
28
88
676767