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Published by the Ukrainian National Association Inc. , a f raternal n on-prof i t associat ion!

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^ . ' 3NW 2Vol. No. 46 THE UKRA INIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 14 , 1982

Madrid Conference reconvenes U.N . demonst ra t ion honorsUk ra in i an He ls ink i GroupAD RID - The Madrid Conference to review implementation of the197S Helsinki Accords on European,,jtion resumed here on Novem- 9 with Western state s, makingdemands on the Soviet bloc toaccept free trade unions and the right opolitical self-determination, reportedThe New York Times.

The conference, which first convenedin November 1980, had been in recesssince last March. Its purpose is toreview compliance with the accords'provisions since the last review m eetingheld in Belgrade in 1977. Thirty-fivestates, including the Soviet Union andthe United "States, signed the originalagreement.A list of sug gestions that appeared tobe both an effort to bridge the gapbetween W estern Europe and the UnitedStates and a response to the situation inPoland was put forward by the 10 statesof the European Economic Community.Thomas Rechnagel, the Danish delegate to the conference, said that theEEC states felt a need to respond to-the aFdlffibiriast month of the S olidarity Polish union, to Moscow's elimination of direct-dial overseas telephoneconnections and t o the Sov iet reductionof emigration permits.The Western proposals would com

mit the signatory states to allow theircitizens to form free trade unions and tofreely monitor compliance with thehuman-rights provisions o f the HelsinkiFinal Act. Since the March recess,members of the Moscow Hels inkiGroup who remained free announcedthey were disbanding the comm ittee dueto official h arassment.. In add ition,most members of monitoring groups inother Soviet republics, including U-kraine, are either imprisoned, doingforced labor or in internal exile.

The new proposals would also insertinto a concluding document criticism of"actions hindering the effective exerciseof the right of all peoples to determine,in full freedom, their internal andexternal political status and to pursue asthey wish their pol i t ical , econ omic,social and cultural development," theTimes said.When the conference adjourned onMarch 12, the U.S. delegation, led byMax M. Kampelman, insisted that thedeclaration of martial law in Polandhad made "business as u sual "impossibleat the Madrid meeting. In an address tothe conference one month prior to theadjournment, then-Secretary of StateAlexander Haig implied that the "massive violations"of theaccords engendered(Cont inued on page 11)

Leonid Brezhnev d ead at 75MOSC OW - Soviet PresidentLeonid Ilyich Brezhnev, who led thecou ntry for the last 18 years, diedsuddenly here on N ovember 10 at

approximately 8 a.m. Moscow time. Hewas 75.Although the official announcementof Mr. Brezhnev's death was not madeuntil the next day at 11 a.m. (Moscowtime), Soviet television abruptly replaced normal programming in theevening of November 10 with classicalmusic , a common pract ice when amember of the leadership dies.Because there is no clear front-runnerin the battle to succeed Mr. Brezhnev,most experts feel that some kind oftemporary collective leadership will beestablished. In addition to being generalsecretary of the Communist Party, Mr.Brezhnev was also the chairman of theCouncil of Ministers (premier) andchairman of the Politburo (president).Hie Brezhnev years

Mr. Brezhnev came to power inOctober 1964 following the ouster ofNikita Khrushchev. At first, as generalsecretary of the Communist Party, heshared power with Premier AlexeiKosygin and President Nikolai Pod-gorny. But he eventually consolidatedhis rule, first assuming the title of

premier and later, in 1977, becomingpresident as well.The first eight years of the Brezhnevera were marked by severe repression ofdissidents, the strengthening of theSoviet military, a marked improvementin So viet living standards due partly to amarked decentralization of industry,and tightening of Soviet control overthe Warsaw Pact countries the"Brezhnev Doctrine" which culminated with the invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968 to squelch the liberalization process under Alexander Dubcek.

By the early 1970s, however, theSoviet economy began to falter, andfollowing a disastrous grain harvest in1972, the Soviet Union was forced tocontract huge wheat purchases from theWest.Perhaps Mr. Brezhnev's major diplo matic triumph of the early 1970s was theestablishment of detente, highlighted byPresident Richard' Nixon's visit to theUSSR in 1972 and the signing of theSALT I strategic arms agreement. Mr.Brezhnev visited the United States in1973, and hosted Mr. Nixon on hisreturn visit in 1974yThe early 1970s were also marked bya new clamp-down on domestic dissent,with mass arrests of activists, particularly in Ukraine. ,

(Cont inued on pa(e 13)

George Zi Gen. Petro Grigorenko addresses demonstrators.

by Marts KolomayetsNEW YORK - Petro Grigorenkoand R ep. Bill Green (R-N .Y.) wereamong the speakers at a demon strationheld here on Tuesday, November 9, tomark the sixth anniversary of thefounding of the Ukrainian HelsinkiGroup. The demonstration also calledupon the Madrid Conference, whichreconvened on the same da y, to demandcompliance with the Helsinki Final

Act's human-rights provisions.According to police estimates, about125 people attended the demonstrationheld across the street from the UnitedN ations in Ralph J. Bunche Park.The demonstrat ion, organized bymembers of the External Representation of the Ukrainian Helsinki Groupand an ad hoc planning committee, wasinspired by the proclamation signed byPresident Ronald Reagan, which declared November 9 a day in tribute to

the Ukrainian Helsinki Group. Hisproclamation came on the recommendation of both houses of the U.S.Congress, which passed a concurrentresolution in June, confirming that theSoviet Union continues to violatenational and human rights in Ukraine.The program, which began 20 minutespast noon, was conducted by AlbertKipa, a member of the planning committee, who also served as interpreterfor three former dissidents who spok e atthe demonstration. The program com menced with a prayer delivered by theRev. Sebastian Shewchuk of St. GeorgeUkrainian Catholic Church in NewYork.Remarking that "it is no accident offate that this day, the anniversary of thefounding of the Ukrainian HelsinkiGroup is also the same day the CSCEmeeting reconvenes in Madrid," Dr.Kipa read the proclamation signed by

( Con ti nued on pa ( e 4 )

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THE UKR AINIAN WEEKLY SUNDA Y, NOVEMBER 14 , 1982 No. 46

Ukrainian Helsinki mo nitors: members of the cam p-based groupN AM E: Sviatoslav KaravanskyBORN: 1920OCCU PATION : po et, journalist1 .MARITAL STAT US: married to Nina-Strokata it jT E S T ARREST : 1965 (forced tosesve remainder of previous sentence)' ,C||ARGE: probably "anti-Soviet agi-"Cation and propaganda"SEN TE N CE : nine years of previous

- -term; eight y ears' prison and labor campf i fcO)' PREVIOUS TERM: 1945-60fU RR EN T STATUS: In 1979, Mr.Karavansky and his wife were allowedto emigrate from the Soviet Union.NAME: Oksana PopovychBORN: January 30, 1928OCCUPATION: workerMARITAL STATUS: unmarriedLATEST ARREST: October 28, 1974CHARGE: "anti-Soviet agitation andpropaganda"SEN TEN CE: eight years in a laborcamp; five years' exilePREVIOUS TERM: 1944-54RELEASE DATE: 1987MOTHER'S ADDRESS:Olena PopovychUkrainian SSRm. Ivano-Frankivskevul. Pavlika Morozova 15, kv. 1NAME: Bohdan RebrykBORN: June 30, 1938OCCUPATION: teacherMARITAL STATUS: divorced, onedaughterLATEST ARREST: May 23, 1974CHARGE: "anti-Soviet slander"SEN TEN CE: seven years in a laborcamp; three years' exilePREVIOUS TERM: 1967-70RELEASE D ATE: 1984EXILE ADDRESS:474230Kazakhskaya SSRTselinohradskaya oblastKurhaldzinsky raionpos. Kenbidaik

N AME: Yuriy ShukhevychBORN: March 28, 1934OCCUPATION: workerMARITAL STATUS: married, twochildrenLATEST ARREST: March 1972CHARGE: "anti-Soviet agitation andpropaganda"SENTENCE: 10 years in a labor camp;five years' exilePREVIOUS TERMS: 1948-56, 1956-58, 1958-68RELEASE DATE: 1987WIFE'S A DDRESS :Valentyna Trotsenko

4 0 0 0 2 6g. Volgogradul. Fadieyeva 6, kv. 30

NAME: Danylo ShumukBORN: January 30, 1914OCCUPATION: worker, writerMARITAL STATUS: separated, twochildrenLATEST ARREST: January 12, 1972CHARGE: "anti-Soviet agitation andpropaganda"SENTENCE: 10 years in a labor camp;five years' exilePREVIOUS TERMS: 1935-39, 1945-55, 1957-67RELEASE DATE: 1987EXILE ADDRESS:Kazakhskaya SSRUralskaya oblastKaratobinsky raions. KaratobiBoarding h ouse, Rm. 1

by Nadia SvitlychnaIn early May 1979, the informationbulletin USSR News Brief, edited byCronid Lubarsky, released the following news under the headline "HelsinkiGroup in Mordovian Camp": "A newHelsinki group has been formed in thespecial-regimen political camp in thetown of Sosnovka, Mordovian ASSR..."The group was composed of LevLukianenko and'Oleksiy Tykhy, bothmembers of the Ukrainian PublicGroup to Promote Implementation ofthe Helsinki Accords; Balys Gajauskas,who later joined the Lithuanian Helsinki Group; and Ukrainian BohdanRebryk. Others members were EdwardKuznetsov, a member of the MoscowHelsinki Group, and Aleksandr Ginz-burg (until their emigration from theUS SR in April 1979),as well as the Rev.Vasyl Romaniuk (until he began histerm of internal exile in 1979).The group released three docum ents.The first covered the topic of thedeath penalty. The group reported that

in each of three small oblasts - theBrianska, Kaluzhskaya and Zhy-tomyrska oblast five to six personseach year are given the death penalty.The group said it knew the names of 20persons who died in this mannerbetween 1976 and 1978. If these figuresare applied to the entire USSR inproportion to the population, this yieldsa number of 1,300 deaths per year.The group's second document stressed the necessity of combining politicaland military disengagement and ofabolishing compulsory military servicein countries w here this has not yet beendone.The third document d ealt' with thepersecution of religious believers in the

camps: the proh ibition against performing religious rites and the confiscationof crosses, yarmulkes, religious literature, letters on religious topics, etc.I do not know if these documentsreached the West. But, in the followingyear, 1980, via samvydav channels, theWestern press received copies of otherdocuments of the Camp Helsinki Group,as this group is commonly called. (Itsfull name is the Group to PromoteImplementation of the Helsinki Accords in Places of Deprivation ofFreedom.) These documents, accordingto press releases of the UkrainianSupreme Liberation Council (abroad),were published by Ukrainian newspapers in the West in April and May1980.These docum ents included the following memoranda and appeals:1. "A warning to the West" - amemorandum addressed to the leadersand parliaments of governments signa

tory to the Helsinki Accords. It wassigned by members of the Group toPromote Implementation of the Helsinki Accords in Places of Deprivation. of Freedom, Mykola Rudenko, Mr.Rebryk, Danylo Shumuk, and victimsof the genocide against dissent YuriyShukhevych, Vladimir Balakhonov...Mikhail Kazachkov, Anatoly Shcha-ransky. (See Svoboda, April 26, 1980;The Weekly, May 18, 1980.)2. "Soviet prisoners recommend thecreation of a judicial organ for theimplementation of provisions of theHelsinki Final Act" - a memorandumaddressed to all nations, parliamentsand governments of the states participating in the Helsinki Conference. Itwas signed by members of the campgroup Messrs. Gajauskas, Ginz-burg, Kuznetsov, Rebryk, Rudenkoand Shumuk. (See Svoboda, April 24,1980; The Weekly, June I, 1980.)

3. "Medical treatment in places ofdeprivation of freedom is a mockery ofhuman dignity" an appeal addressedto the president of Amnesty International (with a copy to the vice presidentof the International League for HumanRights, Andrei Sakharov). It was signedby Messrs. Gajau skas, Ginzbu rg,Sviatoslav Karavansky, Kuznetsov,Rebryk, Rudenko and Shumuk. (SeeThe Weekly, May 11, 1980.)

As we see from the abo ve, thecomposition of the camp group changedsomewhat, and it was not limited toprisoners of the Sosnovka special-regimen camp . Mr. Ru denk o, forexample, at that time was incarceratedin the town of Barashevo, MordovianASSR.In May-June 1980 Ukrainianne w s pape r s i n t he W e s t r e ported on a document that hadbeen prepared a year earlier by members of the Group to Promote Implementation of the Helsinki Accords inPlaces of Deprivation of Freedom Mr. Gajauskas, Mr. Ginzburg, RazmikZohrabian, Mr. Kazakchkov, OksanaPopovych, the Rev. Romaniuk, Mr.Rudenko, Iryna Senyk, Mr. Shukhevych and Mr. Shcharansky under the title "The government of theUSSR is an occupational administration of collaborators,' say Soviet political prisoners; new mandates for theWCFU" (World Congress of FreeUkrainians). (See Svoboda, May 22,1980; The Weekly, June 8, 1980.)

Political prisoners of various nationalities act in solidarity in the campsand defend their rights before theadministration and the government and not only within the framework ofthe Camp Helsinki Group. Recently,many joint documents from the camps(Continued on page 13)

U k r a i n i a n W e e HF O U N D E D 1 9 3 3

Ukrainian weekly newspaper published by the U krainian National Association Inc., a fraternalnon-profit association, at 30 Montgomery S t, Jersey City, NJ . 0730 2.(The Ukrainian Weekly - USPS 570470 )Also published by the UN A: Svoboda, a Ukrainian-language daily newspaper.

The Weekly and Svoboda:(201) 434-0237,434-0807(212) 227-4125

Year ly subscr ip t ion ra te : S8, UNA members - | 5 .

UNA: (201) 451-2200(212) 227-5250Postmaster, send address changes to:THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLYP.O. Box 34 6Jersey City. N J. 0 7303

Edi tor Roma Sochan HadzewyczAssociate editor. George Bohdan ZaryckyAssistant editor: Marta Kolomayets

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N o. 4 6 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY. NOVEMBER, 3N e w b o o k by f o r m e r O S I s t a f f e ra c c u s e s t h e O U N of N a z i c o l l a b o r a t i o n C I A r e p o r t : 4 m i l l io n S o v ie t s a t fo r c e d l a b o r

W A SH ING TO N - In a just-published book, John Loftus, a formerp r o s e c u t o r o f t h e O f f i c e o f S p e c i a lInvestigations, charged that the O rganization o f U krain ian Nat ional ists (O U N )w a s a c o l l a b o r a t i o n i s t g r o u p w h i c hmade a "significant" contribution to theGerman war effort, reported the Washington Post.In the book, t i t led "The B elarusSecret," Mr. Loftus wrote: "The secretinternal files of the O UN c learly showhow most o f its members worked for theGestapo or SS as policemen, executioners, partisan hunters and municipalof f i c ia ls ."He also reiterated charges, first madelast May on CBS's "60 Minutes/ thatthe U.S. intelligence community recruited alleged Byelorussian collaborators in its Cold War operatio ns. 'For over two years, Mr. Loftus was aprosecutor a t O SI, a branch of theJ u s t i c e D e p a r t m e n t r e s p o n s i b l e f o rfinding and bringing to trial allegedNazis and collaborators l iving in theUnited States. Most of the 28 personsalready brought to trial are from EasternEurope and the Soviet Baltic republics,leading many emigre leaders to criticizethe O SI's use of So viet-supplied evidence and witnesses in the court proceedings.

Reached by The Weekly in his Washington o ffice, Allan A. Ryan, directo r ofthe O SI, said that Mr. Loftus no longerhas any connection with his office andthat he was probably "dribbling outthese charges" to promote sales of hisb o o k .Mr. Ryan, who had earlier dismissedMr. Loftus'saccusations concerning theByelorussians in a letter to "60 Mi nutes"and The New York Times, and again ata r e c e n t m e e t i n g o f t h e U k r a i n i a nAmerican Bar Association, also saidthat he does not plan to c ontac t the Postin this matter.

A s to the O SI 's s tand on the O U N ,Mr. R yan said that the O SI has nooff i c ia l pos i t ion o n the O U N as a group,n o t i n g t h a t t o d a t e t h e o n l y O U Nmembers who have been brought totrial have been, acc used of indivi dualacts of persecution against innocentcivilians.In the book, Mr. Loftus cites a 1951letter to the Immigratio n and N aturalization Service by the late Frank Wisner,i d e n t i f i e d i n t h e b o o k ' a s a S t a t eDepartment official, who wrote that" t h e m a i n a c t i v i t e s o f t h e O U N i nUkraine cannot be considered detrimental to the United States."M r . L o f t u s c a l l e d M r . W i s n e r ' saccount "a com plete fabr icat ion," andaccused him of recruiting anti-Communist collaborators to help U.S. intelligence efforts after World War II.Mr. Loftus said that despite Mr.Wisner's effo rts, his o rganization was soeffectively penetrated by Soviet spiesthat many of them lost their lives in theSoviet Union or were unmasked asAmerican agents in Soviet radio broadcasts."Soviet intelligence had penetratedevery corner of the Byelorussian network," wrote Mr. Loftus, "The Byelorussians and the Ukrainian O UN wereall riddled with Soviet agents."The book, published by Alfred A.Knopf, should soo n be available at mostm ajor bookstores .Several Ukrainian community representatives have urged Ukrainians not tobuy the book, SUSTA, the nationalUkrainian student organization in theUnited States, had indicated that itplans to contact students suggestingthat they hot buy the book, the reasoning being that Ukrainians should nothelp boost sales of the book. Spokesmen for the group also said that theyplan to send excerpts of the chaptersdealing with the O UN t o its branches.

F re e do m H o use w a n tst o be p a r t of H e l s i n k iN EW Y O R K - Freedom H ousep r o p o s e d o n N o v e m b e r 8 t h a t t h eH els inki R eview C onference shouldm a k e v o l u n t a r y " w a t c h g r o u p s " afo rmally recognized part of the Helsinkireview process. The conference reconvened in Madrid on N ovember 9.Most members of the five Helsinkiwatch groups in the Soviet Union th eM o s c o w , U k ra i n i a n , L i t h u a n i a n ,Armenian and Georgian groups andothers in Eastern Europe have beenharassed and imprisoned.The United States delegation wasurged to propose that the conferenceg u a r a n t e e t h e r i g h t o f n o n - g o v e r n mental watch committees to exist.Under the proposal, countries wouldguarantee the right of such groups toexist, recruit and publicize the compliance of their own and other govern

ments with the Helsinki Accords approved in 1975.The Freedom House executive committee, making the proposal, wouldhave the signatories agree to prevent theimprisonment of watch-group membersor the creat ion of governm ent-sponsored committees masking as independent groups.Such an agreement, said the statement, would become an important partof the Helsinki review proc ess called fo rin the 1975 accord. The first review was

m o n i t o r i n g g r o u p sr e v i e w p r o c e s sheld in Belgrade in 1977-78. The seco ndreview was recessed this summer after18 months of debate. The meeting wasd e a d l o c k e d a f t e r c o n d e m n a t i o n b yAmericans and West Europeans of theimposition of martial law in Poland lastDecember. The Western delegates saidthey could not conduct "business asusual" in the face of the Polish situat ion .

Freedom Ho use, in N ovember 1975,first proposed the creation of Helsinkiwatch groups in the West. Five unofficial co mmittees in the Soviet Union ands i m i l a r g r o u p s i n P o l a n d , C z e c h o s l o v a k i a a n d o t h e r E a s t E u r o p e a nco untries were organized. In the UnitedStates, there is the non-governmentalHelsinki Watch group as well as a watcha g e n c y c r e a t e d b y C o n g r e s s t h a t i sc o m p o s e d o f r e p r e s e n t a t i v e s o f t h eexecutive branch as well as Congress.F r e e d o m H o u s e d e c l a r e d t h a t i t sproposal would strengthen the right ofpeoples to "establ ish com m ittees tom oni tor the perform ance of the ir ow nand other go vernments in the adherenceof in ternat ional t r eat i es." Such "peoples'internationalism," said the statement,could raise the standard of moralityam ong nat ions .Freedom Ho use, now in its 41st yearof existence,, mo nitors polit i cal. r ightsand civil liberties around the world.

W A S H I N G T O N - A n ew C I Areport made public on November 5estimates that 4 million people in theSoviet Union are compelled to work atsome kind o f "fo rced labo r," 10,000 ofwhom are said to be polit ical prisoners,reported The New York Times.The report was requested by Congress last September when it asked theState Department to investigate chargesthat forced labor was being used tob u i l d t h e c o n t r o v e r s i a l n a t u r a l - g a sp i p e l i n e f r o m S i b e r i a t o W e s t e rnE u r o p e .Although the new study could notsubstantiate reports that a large numberof inmates were being forced to w ork onthe pipeline, the CIA estimated that 2million people were being confined, 85percent in fo rced-labor c amps and therest in prisons. It said there were morethan 1,100 such labor camps, or 200more than in 1974.To complete the figure of 4 million,the C'A said that 1.5 million convictshave been given probation with "compulsory involvement in labor," whilehalf a million have been paroled fromconfinement to perform forced laborfor the remainder of their terms.Although the CIA refused to disclosehow it arrived at its estimates, it hasbeen reported that satellite photos havebeen used to pinpo int labor c amps, andinterviews with former inmates haveprovided in form at ion .

The report es t im ated that underStalin the camps reached a peak ofperhaps 15 million persons in 1947, an dafter Stalin's death in 1953, the cam pswere reduced in size, but the numbersbegan to rise again in the 1960s.Because the report deals with formsof com pulsory labor , i t does not m ention figures for persons in internal exile,a punitive measure which dictates wherepersons will l ive, usually in remoteeastern regions far from their originalhom es.What is significant about the currentsituation, the CIA report said, is the risei n t h e u s e o f c o n v i c t s w h o a r e n o tconfined and work off their sentenceson specified construction sites."Given the worsening labor shortagei n p a r t s o f t h e S o v i e t U n i o n , t h i srelatively efficient, flexible method ofderiving some econo mic benefit from anincreasing crime rate is l ikely to continue to rise," it said.O n the specific issue of the use ofpenal labor in pipeline co nstruction, thereport said that such workers have been"an integral part of pipeline construction work crews in Ukraine, Kazakhstanand the central Russian republic." Theyare mainly paroleesand probatio ners andhave been used in c lear ing forests ,draining swamps and preparing roads,the report said.The study said that, in view of the

(Cont inued on page 13)

Catholic,, Orthodo x hierarchs askU.S. to defend Churches in Ukraine

J E R S E Y C I TY ; B J i - H t U e b e ad s o fthe Ukrainian O rthodo x and UkrainianCatholic Churches in the United States,in a N ovem ber 4 letter, appealed toP r e s i d e n t R o n a l d R e a g a n t o e x e r tinfluence on the Soviet government"that i t perm it the renew al of theUkrainian O rthodo x and UkrainianCatholic Churches in Ukraine."Archbishop-Metropolitan MstyslavSkrypnyk of the Ukrainian O rthodo xChurch and Archbishop-MetropolitanStephen Sulyk of the Ukrainian Catholic Church expressed appreciationfor the passage of Senate Resolution 18and House R esolution 123, which callfor the resurrection of national Churchesin Ukraine.They went on to ask President Reagan "to im plement this resolution in thename of justice and human rights withall haste wherever this is possible."The full text of the letter follows.

Dear Mr. President:We, the undersigned spiritual headsof the Ukrainian O rthodo x Church andthe Ukrainian Catholic Church in theU n i t e d S t a t e s o f A m e r i c a , w i s h t oexpress our heartfelt thanks to you forthe approval of Senate Congressional

R esolut io n 18 and the H ouse C o ngressional R esolutio n 123 of the 97thCo ngress titled: "To seek the resurr e c t i o n o f t h e n a t i o n a l c h u r c h e s i nU k r a i n e . " W e a p p e a l t o y o u , M r .President, in all earnestness and prayer,t o i m p l e m e n t t h i s r e s o l u t i o n i n t h ename of justice and human rights withall haste wherever this is possible.The Ukrainian O rthodo x and Ukrainian Catholic Churches operate freelyand flourish in all countries of the freeworld, whereas in Ukraine they wereforcefully absorbed into the RussianO rthodox C hurch . Their b ishops andpriests were either arrested or liquidated. Thus, these churches can existbut in the underground with the threato f p e r s e c u t i o n a n d a r r e s t o f t h e i rfaithful adherents ever imminent.

We ask you, Mr. President, to do allin your power and exert influence on thegovernment of the USSR that it permitthe renewal of the Ukrainian O rthodo xand Ukrainian Catholic Churches inUkraine as well as in other Communiststates.We shall be eternally grateful for ally o u r h e l p a n d i n t e r v e n t i o n i n t h i smatter.W ith sent im ents of the h ighestesteem, we remain.Devotedly in the Lord.

E c o n o m i s t o f f e r s H U R I f a m i n e d a t aW A S H I N G T O N - A t o p U . S . g o vernment agricultural economist hasvolunteered his collection of information on the Ukrainian famine of 1932-33for possible use in the Harvard Ukrain i a n R e s e a r c h I n s t i t u t e / U k r a i n i a nN at ional A ssoc iat ion-sponsored m o nograph on that t o p i c .Dr. Dana Dairymple is the author ofa two-part article, "The Soviet Famineof 1932-34," whic h appeared in theBritish jo urnal Soviet Studies (No . 3,1964 and N o . 4,1965). The article is the

most scholarly work to date on thefamine.Though he found it impossible tocontinue his studies of the Ukrainianfamine because of other pressing duties,Dr. DaJrymple had maintained a notebook of further English-language reference o n the famine. It is this notebo okthat he has offered to lend to Prof.Ro bert Conquest and his junio r collab o r a t o r , D r . J a m e s M a c e , w h o a r eworking on the famine monograph.

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Providence Association to mark 70th Church music conference plannedwith New York liturgy , luncheon

NEW YORK - The ProvidenceAssociation of Ukrainian Catholics inAmerica will mark the 70th anniversary of its founding in New York onSunday, November 21.The day's events will begin at noonwith a special divine liturgy and mem o

rial service for deceased Providencemembers at St . George UkrainianCatholic Church.A jubilee luncheon will follow in theSt. George School auditorium. Theprogram will include greetings fromUkrainian Catholic hierarchs, addressesby Ivan Bazarko in Ukrainian andStepan Jarema in English, reminiscences of Providence pioneers and

artistic performances.The Providence Associat ion wasestablished in 1912 under the patronageof the first Ukrainian C atholic bishop inAmerica, Soter Ortynsky. The f irs tbranch founded was St. Michael theArchangel Branch of New York

City.Among those expected to participatein the jubilee celebrations are Archbishop-Metropolitan Stephen Suiyk,Bishop Basi l Losten of Stamford,Conn., and Auxiliary Bishop RobertMoskal of Philadelphia. Members ofthe Providence executive board , headedby its president, Msgr. Stephen Chomko,will attend.

TOR ONT O A confe rence onUkrainian Church music, sponsored bythe secretariat of the Central JubileeCommittee for the celebration of themillennium of Christianity in Ukraine,will be held here on November 30-December 2.The secretariat has invited all musicprofessionals, directors of church choirs,cantors, singers with advanced trainingand priests who specialize in churchmusic to attend this conference, whichwill try to organize all UkrainianChurch music professionals.Other topics to be discussed at theconference include: making variouscollections and pieces of Church musicavailable to these professionals, compil ing a catalogue of al l avai lableChurch music, creating a coordinatingcommittee, diseasing the possibility of

a living library of records and tapes,planning seminars and sum mer courses onChurch music, and organizing educational radio programs.The conference is also organized toencourage composers to write works forthe millennium celebration, to planconcerts and shows for the celebration,to inspire the teaching of the history anddevelopment of Church music and tofurther the teaching of the spiritualvalue of Ukrainian Church music.The conference sessions will be heldin the parish hall of the Church of theHoly Eucharist, 515 Broadview Ave.,Toronto. Registration for the conference must be made by November 20, bywriting to the Rev. Frank Shadiak, 515Broadview A ve., Toron to, Ont., CanadaM4K 2N6.

U .N . dem onstration...(Conttnaedfrompaft 1)President R eagan. Copies of the proclamation, as well as materials on theUkrainian Helsinki Group, includingthe November 7 special issue of TheWeekly, were available for participantso f the demons t ra t ion and cur iouspassers-by. Large, poster-size proclamations were also on display.

lrena Kurowyck y of the UkrainianNational Women's League of Americaintroduced the first official speaker ofthe demonstration, Rep. Green, whoinitiated a letter in Congress urging theSoviet government to release ZinoviyKrasivsky. He spoke about the need fora continued struggle for human rights.We "bear witness that the Soviets havetreated the Helsinki agreement as ascrap of paper," he said, and we mustconstantly question their position onhuman rights.Rep. Green said that he was honoredby the fact that he had been asked tospeak at the same demonstration as oneof the great heroes of the 20th century,Gen. Grigorenko, a former Red Armyofficer-turned-dissident.

Rep. Green greeted the general with awarm handshake and a smile as thegeneral made his way to the microphone. Rising slowly with the supportof a cane, the general who is one of thefounding members of the Ukrainianand Moscow Helsinki groups, began hisUkrainian-language remarks by sayingthat "this is indeed a great and joyousday, not only for the Ukrainian HelsinkiGroup, but for all Soviet Helsinkigroups." Touching upon past events inthe history of the Ukrainian people,Gen. Grigorenko remembered withtears w elling up in his eyes the famine of50 years ago, when "Ukrainian peasantswere being exterminated by the millionsand not one voice was raised in theirdefense. No one knew that a nation likeUkraine even existed," he said.Forty years ago, the struggle fornational independence in Ukraine wassimply not heard of around the world,he added. Those who wished to escapethe U SSR had to deny their existence asUkrainians; they had to present themselves as members of different nation alities, he continued, his voice choked with

emotion.But this is no longer true, he added,and for this we have to thank my dearfriends , whose portraits are hanging onthe staircase. The staircase, near theIsaiah Wall, is known as the ShcharanskySteps. It w as hun g with portraits of VasylSichko, Mykola Matusevych, OlesBerdnyk, Lev Lukianenko, MykolaHorbal, Petro Sichko and MyroslavMarynovych. Representatives of theUNWLA and Plast held portraits of

Ivan Svitlychny, Mykola Rudenko andVasyl Stus.Gen. Grigorenko, 75, went on to saythat although these dissidents cannot behere today because they are incarcerated, they continue their struggle forhuma n r igh ts . He also thanke d theUkrainians in the United States especially members of Americans forHuman Rights in Ukraine, whocarry on their work silently, yet persistently, writing letters, holding discussions with government officials andputting in, time and effort toward thehuman-rights cause.

Gen. Grigorenko proceeded to talkabou t the M adrid Conference. He saidthat this meeting should not acceptanything less than the immediate releaseof all members of Helsinki groups fromSoviet prisons and the guarantee thatthe hum an-rights group s can exist freelyin the Soviet Union. These proposalshave been sent to the Madrid Conference through the U .S. delegation, hesaid.He added that on this sixth anniversary of the Ukrainian Helsinki Groupthe group had issued its own statementdedicated to the nationality question,which states that the Soviet Union doesnot have the right to limit Ukrainewithin its own borders.Throughout the demonstrat ion,to the left of the speakers' microphone,a group of six Ukrainian girls, dressedin historic costumes of the Kievan Rus'period, surrounded a girl dressed inblack, who symbolized oppressed U-kraine.They sat on the obelisk platform, andabove them stood two young menholding a green and gold felt bannerwith the words "Free Ukrainian Politi

cal Prisoners."Habid Mayer, a representative of thefreedom fighters of Afghanistan, wasthe next speaker at the demonstrationprogram. He stressed the need to worktogether and the importance of captivenations working together around theclock until they could "shake communism and return to a free homeland."Piotr Naimski, a representative of theCommittee in Support of Solidarity inNew York, saw the Helsinki Accords asthe final step in one era of Europeanhistory. He said it has been proven thatthe H elsinki agreement doesn't work; ithas been proven in Afghanistan, Poland, Lithuania and Ukraine. Instead,he said, "we need a different, newapproach in East-West relat ions inorder to achieve our human-rightsgoals."Ludmilla Alekseeva, who is the headof the Moscow Helsinki Group's official

representation a broa d, spoke in Russianabou t the suffering the UkrainianHelsinki Group has experienced. Shesaid that the Moscow and Ukrainiangroups had worked together in thehuman-rights struggle. She said shefirmly believes that if a people has the w illto be free, it will finally achieve freedom.Also speaking in Russian, AisheSeitmuratova, a Crimean Tatar andformer dissident, praised Ukrainians shehad known in the Soviet Union. Shesaid that the Ukrainian Helsinki Grouphad helped the Crimean T atars who didnot have food and could not workbecause of the laws the Soviet government had inflicted upon them.Ludmilla Thome, a representativefrom Freedom House, a non-partisannational organization devoted to thestrength ening of free societies, agreed

with Gen. Grigorenko that the day wasindeed a great and joyous one, butadded that it was also a sad day becausetoday over 50 memb ers of variousHelsinki Groups sit in prisons or inexile. Twenty-three of them are Ukrainians. It is also a remarkable day, sheadded, because in spite of this, thestruggle for human rights will continue.She stressed that two important demands must be made on the MadridConference. These are: the demandthat all Helsinki monitors be releasedand that the Helsinki groups may existin the Soviet Union and around theworld and continue their work. Sheadded that on the eve of the reconvening of the Madrid Conference Freedo mHouse issued a position paper listing itsrecommendations for the review meeting.Mary V. Beck, former preside nt of theDetroi t City Counc il , was the last

speaker of the hour-and-a-half demonstration. She, too, stressed the importance of freedom and the spirit of themembers of the Helsinki Group, whomshe called freedom fighters.At the close of the demonstration,Dr. Kipa thanked President Reagan foract ing on behalf of the UkrainianHelsinki Group and marking the daywith a proclamation. William Bahrey,the president of the Ukrainian Evangelical Alliance of North America, closedthe demonstrat ion program with aprayer.Among the participants present at thedemonstration were Nadia Svitlychna,a member of the External Representation of the Ukrainian Helsinki Group,and Victor Borovsky, a former Sovietpolitical prisoner.

Demon strators assemble before makeshift po dium.

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No. 46 THE UKRA INIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 14 , 1982 5Art notesToronto a r t exhibit wil l feature worksby four recent emigres from Ukraine

by Daria DarewychTORON TO - Volodymyr Maka-renko, Vitalij Sazonov, Anton Solo-mukha and Volodymyr Strelnikov arefour notable Ukrainian artists who have

been allowed to emigrate or have led othe West and presently reside in Europe.Although they gained a reputation inthe Soviet Union, they could not attainofficial recognition of their art inUkraine because of the repressiveatmosphere and hostile creative environment. As a result of numerousunofficial exhibitions, they became wellknown as non-conformist artists fromUkraine.The first North American groupexhibition of these newly arrived artistsfrom Ukraine will be held in Toronto onNovember 14 through 27. The exhibitwill then travel to Winnipeg where itwill be on display December 4 throughJanuary 15, and to Chicago fromFebruary 18 through March 30.In December 1975, three of them,Messrs . Makarenko, Sazonov andStrelnikov together with FeodoziyHumeniuk organized the first groupexhibition of Ukrainian non-conformist artists in the apartment of an artcollector in Moscow. Two Ukrainianw o m e n a r t i s t s , N . P a v l e n k oand L. Yastrub also participated. Thisexhibit was well-received by art loversand brought the artists to the attentionof the Western press. A second groupexhibit was held in March 1976. Thistime 15 Ukrainian n on-co nform istartists participated; . -.An exhibition of "Contemporary Art

from Ukraine" was held in 1979 inMunich and London which includedthe works of 20 artists among themMessrs. Makarenko, Sazonov, Solo-mukha and Strelnikov. The cataloguepublished in conjunction with thisexhibit included reproductions of paint

ings by all four artists. Mr. Solomukhawas art editor of the catalogue. In 1980this exhibition was repeated in NewYork, Philadelphia, Washington andCleveland.At this time Messrs. Solomukha andStrelnikov were already in the West.Messrs. Sazonov and Makarenko wereallowed to leave the Soviet Unionshortly thereafter. This happy coincidence made it possible to arrange agroup exhibition of their work inOctober of this year at La Maison de laCulture de Metz in France.In the short time these artists havespent in Western Europe, all four haveparticipated in numerous group andone-man shows.Mr. Makarenko was born in 1943 inthe village of Novo-Pushkarivka nearthe city of Dnipropetrovske. He studiedat the Art School of Dnipropetrovskeand the Mukhina Institute of Applied

Arts in Leningrad from which he graduated in 1969 with a diplom a inmonum ental art. That year he became amember of the famous St. PetersburgGroup of Artists which became knownin the West as the Leningrad G roup. In1973 when Mr. Makarenko was forcedto leave Leningrad, he settled in Tallinn,Estonia.While in Tallinn, Mr. Makarenkoparticipated in numerous exhibits. In1975 one of his works which wasaccepted by the XI Biennale of GraphicArts in Ljuabliana, Yugoslavia, wasawarded first prize.Mr. Makarenko's first solo exhibitions were held in 1979 in Tallinn andParis. A catalogue of his watercolors

was published by the Hardy Gallery ofParis.Finally in 1980 Mr. Makarenko wasallowed to emigrate to the West. Together with his wife and daughter hesettled in Paris. In 1982 he had one-manshows in Paris, Stockholm and To-

Volodymyr Strelrukov's "Prohulianka.ronto. His triptych "Meditation" wasaccepted by the "Ukrainian ArtistsInternational Exhibit" in Toronto inSeptember 1982.Mr. Makarenko's next one-manexhibit will be held at the Institute ofModern Art in Chicago in December.Mr. Sazonov was born in 1947 inSiberia. He lived in western Ukraineand Crimea from 1952 to 1964 and thenin Odessa until 1974. He studied at theUniversity of Odessa in the faculty ofhistory.His interest in art began with the

reading of Wassily Kandinsky's "Onthe Sp iritual in A rt," after which hebegan to paint in an abstract manner. In1975 he moved to Tartu, Estonia, wherehe lived for a year before moving toMoscow. While in Moscow he participated in numerous exhibits.In 1980 Mr. Sazonov was forced toemigrate to the West due to his involvement in demonstrations for freedom inart and literature. He has been living inGermany since 1981.Mr. Sazonov had a one-man show in

(Continued on pafe 12)

Volodymyr Makarenko's "Kozak Mamay.

Lytvyn 's a r t i nsp i red by Ukra ineby Marts Korduba

JERSEY C ITY, N .J. - The Ukrainian art scene has a new energeticaddition to its ranks: Vitaliy Lytvyn.This 45-year-old artist left Ukraine in1979 and settled in Canada after spending eight months in Rome.Mr. Lytvyn cites his "fresh impressions" of Ukraine as the source of hiswork's inspiration. Graduating fromthe Lviv Institute of Decorative Arts in1964, Mr. Lytvyn worked as an interiorand exterior designer in the city ofRivno. At this time, he studied oilpainting, woodcutting and producingworks and stone, wood, metal andmosaic.Mr. Lytvyn's work g radually evolvedinto a marriage of his two loves: historyand art. The artist's passion for Ukrai-. nian history is illustrated in his prolific

series of oil paintings and woodcutprints based on 17th, 18th and 19thcentury historical even ts."I strive for authenticity in my work,"says Mr. Lytvyn, "and thoroughlyresearching my subject matter is essential." Mr. Lytvyn relies on archaeological findings and scholarly works torecreate historical scenes. One of hismost extensive projects is a series ofprints, "Kozak Graves." and He hasalso created a series titled "LisovaPisnia" based on the play by LesiaUkrainka.Among his Clients are Ukrainianorganizations who have purchased hiswork to be displayed in their buildings."Part of my obligation as a Ukrainian

artist," said Mr. Lytvyn, "is to depictUkrainian themes; to tell the history ofour people and to preserve our pastthrough my work."Mr. Lytvyn has exhibited his work inToronto, Montreal, Baltimore, Philadelphia and, most recently, in theUkrainian Literary and Cultural Clubin New York. He is known to narrate hisart shows, supplying the historicalbackground of his work to observers.The artist, who lives in Toronto with

Vitaliy Lytvynhis wife and two daughters, divides histime between historical research,painting and teaching. He foundedan art school in Toronto for UkrainianCanadian children, where he conductsweekly courses for approximately 15students.A traveling art exhibit featuring artfor and by children will tour Toronto,New York and other major NorthAmerican cities began at the end ofOctober. The exhibit includes the workof his studen ts, as well as that of illustrators of children's books.What course w ill Mr. Lytvyn's worktake, now that he has settled into themainstream of Ukrainian Canadianlife?"I will continue to incorpo rate Ukrainian historical themes into my work. InCanada and the United States, it isespecially important for artists toconvey our past to our children and toshare it with non-Ukrainians. I plan ondedicating work to the millennium ofUkrainian Christianity, and to themesfound in Shevchenko's works," he said."Children's education is very important," he added "Art is the perfect vehicleby which w e can share our heritage withour children."

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THE UKRA INIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 14L1982 No. 46

r - j -Ja i n i a n W e e k lLess is not always more

The N ovem ber 9 demo nstration in front of the United N ation s tocommemorate the sixth anniversary of the formation of the UkrainianHels inki Group in accord ance with President Ronald Reag an'sproclamation w as noteworthy for two reasons one good , the otherbad.The good thing was the timing. N ot only was N ovember 9 theanniversary of this H elsinki gro up, but it also marked the irstday of theMadrid meeting to review compliance with the Helsinki Accords, thebasis on which the group was formed. In addition, the fact that it wason a weekday rather than on a weekend afternoon ensured that therewould be people there to see it, a point all too often missed by ourcommuni ty .The unfortunate aspect was that there was little to see because fewpeople showed up to demonstrate. The sight of a small group ofconscientious community members many of them pensioners huddled around a podium is not exactly an attention-grabber. The

only ones who probably did take notice were Soviet observers usuallypresent at such gatherings, who were happy to report that thedemonstration was small, muted and unlikely to get any mediaattention.More to the point, the demonstration was inspired by the secondpresidential proclamation ever to deal with a specifically Ukrainianissue, and the iac t that our com mu nity stayed aw ay in droves couldlead people in Washington to think (incorrectly, we hope) that itsissuance, and the fates of such men as Mykola Rudenko and YuriyShu khev ych, mean very little to the comm unity. Or, at worse, it can beinterpreted to mean that there really is no Ukrainian community assuch, just a bu nch of sp ecial-interest "political" factions ou t only forthemselves.Regardless of what one may think of the Helsinki Accords, the factremains that most members of the Kiev-based Ukrainian HelsinkiGroup , w ho come in every political stripe, are behind bars or in exile.

The president has finally singled out this important group and itsmembers, vowing to work for their release. Inexcusably, but perhapspredictably, the community, save for some dedicated people, chose toshow its appreciation , its partriotism and its concern for Messrs.Rudenko, Shukhevych and others , by staying home.

NYT: back to school?In a recent editorial on Averell Harriman's gift of Sll million toColum bia University for a new Institute for the Advanced Study of theSoviet U nion, The N ew York Times, in prais ing the endowm ent,bemo aned the lack of Sov iet specialists in governm ent, noting that "wehave don e pitifully little to open our own minds" vis-a-vis the U SS R.We agree, bu t before The T imes casts stones , we suggest it look at its

own policies in writing about the Soviet Union. Passim throughout theHarriman editorial, titled, interestingly enough, "Russian Lessons,"was the interchangeable use of the words "R ussia" and "SovietUnion."This should com e as little surprise. In a Novem ber 3 editorial, titled,what else, "From Russia, with Worry," the Times wrote: "They don'thave elections in the Soviet Unio n." Well, any school child know s theydo . The prob lem is only o ne party is represented and party candidatesrun unopposed.

Moreover, it was a Times correspondent who 50 years ago wrotethat he found no evidence of a famine when he travelled through"southern Russia." Maybe not, but the Ukrainian famine resulted inthe deaths of some 7 to 10 million people in 1932-33.But can we expect more from a newspaper whose own correspondent , Anth ony Austin, wrote in The N ew York Times Magazine in

1981: "I speak of Russia and not the Soviet Union because Russia isdifferent from its multinational dependencies, about which I knowlittle."Mr. Austin is right, of course. Russia is different from the SovietUnio n. But the fact that his editors apparently don't kno w it, and thatMr. Austin himself, who has had two "tours of duty" in the U SSR ,knows little about the rest of the USSR, strongly suggests that whenthe new institute opens its doors, Times editors should be among thefirst to enroll. After all, newspapers need to know about the USSR asmuch as the government.

M E D I A A C T IO N C O A L IT IO NP.O. Box 134, Whippa ny, N J . 07981

ACTION ITEM SThe Washington PostNovember 8

In a page 2 news story, "NaziCollaborators Were Recruited as'Asset,' " Washington Post staffwriter Thomas OT oole reports on arecently published boo k, "TheBelarus Secret" by John Loftus, aformer prosecutor with the JusticeDepartment's Office of Special Investigations.And wh ile dealing with allegationsconcerning U.S. recruitment of Nazicollaborators from Byelorussia, thebook's author and the correspondentseriously implicate members of theOrganization of Ukrainian Nationalists, calling the OUN a strictly"Nazi-sponsored" organization.Mr. Loftus also states: "The secretinternal files of the OUN clearlyshow how most of its membersworked for the Gestapo or SS aspolicemen, executioners, partisanhunters and municipal officials. TheOUN contribution to the Germanwar effort was significant, includingthe raising of volunteers for severalSS divisions."The article is simply a reiterationof the book's insinuations withoutany apparent effort by the reporter toverify or question the legitimacy ofthe book's allegations or the authenticity of the author's facts, thoughMr. Loftus's allegations have been,discounted by the OSI director

himself.Curiously, though only four pagesof the 180-page book deal withUkrainians, the bulk of the Washington Post article is about allegedUkrainian collaboration with theNazis.RECOMMENDED ACTION:

Write to The Washington Post'sletters editor and raise, amon g others,the following points:1. Allan A. Ryan, director of theOffice of Special Investigations,Department of Justice, in a letter toThe New York Times and to "60Minutes" has refuted Mr. Loftus'sallegations that 300 ByelorussianNazi collaborators are living in theUnited States.2. Since the Organization of Ukrainian N ationalists (OUN ) is a termused by a vast number of differentfactions organized before, duringand after World War II, Mr. Loftus'sambigu ous reference to the OUN as asingle entity indicates his total un-familiarity with the subject matter.3. It is a clear case of reverse neo-McCarthyism to imply that anyonewho fought against the Soviet Unionwas automatically a N azi. Membersof the OU N , within the structure ofUkrainian Insurgent Army (UPA)

also fought bitterly against the Nazisand nobody implies that they wereCommunists . They, for example,were responsible for the 1943 assassination of Victor Lutze, a chief ofNazi SS forces and one of Himmler'smost trusted aides. In addition, thereare a sufficient number of Germandocuments in the possession of theOSI to indicate that the OUN didfight against the Nazis.4. On August 9, 1951, the U.S.

government certified the OUN as notbeing in any way implicated withNazi collaboration. That certification has never been challenged,except by innuendo and smear tactics,mostly from the Soviet Union'spropaganda machine.WRITE TO: Letters Editor, TheWashington Post, 1150 15th St. NW,Washington, D.C. 20071.You may also lodge a complaintwith The Washington Post's ombudsman by calling (202) 334-7582.SEN D COPIES TO: HowardSimons, managing editor; ThomasOToole, staff writer; as well as toKateryna C. Chum achenko, director,Ukrainian N ational Information

Service, 810 18th St. NW, Washington, D.C. 20006.The New York TimesSeptember 4

The following Action Item waspublished in the October issue ofELTA Information Bulletin, which issponsored by the Lithuanian National Foundation.One of the most influential newspapers in the world, The New YorkTimes, also has the sad distinction ofbeing regularly confused about thenationalities comprising the SovietUnion. In an article titled "U .S. andSoviet Editors Share Dream" (September 4) Dudley Clendinen describes a meeting of Soviet and American editors on the campus of ColbySawyer College in New Hampshire.

Throughout the article he refers tothese editors interchangeably as"Soviet" and "Russian," (though thegroup included Lithuanians andUkrainians). Such terminology isgratuitous n onsense. By what stretchof the imagination can Lithuaniansor Ukrainians, Estonians or Armenians be transmogrified into "Russians?" They are not Russians bylanguage, culture, nationality orhistory. N either are they citizens of astate called "Russia," but of an entitycalled the "Union of Soviet SocialistRepublics."

Inquiries to The New York Timeson this question have usually resultedin the answer that such usage ispermitted by the daily's style manual.Thus does absurdity become sometimes enshrined.Many of our readers regard thismixture of political and historicilliteracy and haughty righteousnessas an affront to the millions of non-Russians in the USSR and toAmericans of East European origin.We invite them to send a clipping b raphotocopy of this article to The N ewYork Times with a request for clarification. Please share the replies withus. The experience should be quiteeducational.WRITE TO: Seymour Toppuig,managing editor , The New YorkTimes, 229 W. 43rd St., New York,N.Y. 10036.SEND COPIES TO: Dudley Clendinen, and also to ELTA, 1611Connecticut Ave. NW, Suite 2,Washington, D.C. 20009.

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N o. 46 T H E U K R A I N IA N W E E K L Y S U N D A Y , N O V E M B E R 1 4 , 1 9 8 2 .

T h e M ad rid Review Conference: an upd ated reportTwelfth semiannual report by thepresident to the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe on theimplementation of the Helsinki FinalAct, December 1.1981 to May 31,1982.

ConclusionINFORMATION

The Helsinki Final Act signatoriesagreed to facilitate freer and widerdissemination of information of al lkinds, to encourage coop eration in thefield of information and exchange ofinformation with other countries, andto improve the working conditions ofjournalists.Dissemination of information

The dissemination of all types ofinformation is under strict state controlin the Soviet Union a n d most of EasternEurope. The authorities there exertcontrol over the information availableto the public and have a powerfulcensorship apparatus to ensure what ispublished or broadcast conforms toideological standards established by thegovernment and the Communist Party.As a general rule, information fromforeign sources is strictly limited andcontrolled. Availability of Westernpublications to ordinary people is verylimited and consists primarily of publications of pro-Soviet W estern Communist parties. Some Western films areshown on television o r i n movie theatersin Eastern Europe and the SovietUnion. Often, however, these seemselected because they are innocuous orportray life in the West in a negativelight. They are often edited to conformto propaganda requirements. Contraryto the final act's aim of freer dissemination of information, several East"European countries continue to jam Westernradio broadcasts.

N onetheless, examination of individual countries reveals a varied patternof adherence in practice to final actprinciples on information.In the Soviet U nion, stringent censorship is imposed on all sources of information. Western m agazines and newspapers are unavailable to all but themost privileged. The Soviet governmentflaunts figures on the number of newspapers printed, mov ies filmed andbooks published but pointedly neglectsto m ention that a l l a r e filtered through agigantic bureaucratic apparatus thatchecks and rechecks their content andwhose goal is to deny the Soviet citizenaccess to anything that contradicts orcasts doubt on official policy.

Unofficial (samizdat) publications,produced without official authorizationor censorship, provide l imited andintermittent opportunity for free expression. The most important samizdatjournal, The Chronicle of CurrentEvents, has appeared since 1968 withonly one significant interruption. Despite constant changes in editorial staffdue to threats, arrests and imprisonment, the Chronicle has maintained itsreputation for d etailed accurate reporting.

Soviet authorit ies general ly havemade persistent attempts to suppresssamizdat publications, but with limitedsuccess. The government harasses thoseassociated with unofficial publications,searches houses and offices, and confiscates writings. The authors of literaryand political samizdat materials havebeen subject to such p enalties as loss ofemployment, internal exile, confine

ment in labor camps and prisons, andincarceration in mental hospitals.Soviet policy on the free flow ofinformation remains repressive. N otablesince the imposition of martial law inPoland has been the increasingly vitriolicpropaganda campaign in the Sovietmedia, accusing the United States andother Western countries of espionageand subversion and suggesting that theUnited States is making preparationsfor another world war. These actionscertainly do not promote the climate ofconfidence and respect among peoplesenvisioned by the final act.The availability of Western newspapers and magazines continues to beextremely restricted. A few Intouristhotels make the International HeraldTribune available to foreigners b u t keepit under the counter. The U .S. Comm unist Party organ Daily World is themost broadly distributed Americannewspaper in the USSR; it is sold notonly in Intourist hotels but also inkiosks in major cities. The sole non-Communist U.S. publication on sale inthe USSR remains America Illustrated,a USICA publication distributed underbilateral agreement,, the distribution ofwhich is tightly controlled by theauthorities. Approximately one-sixthof the copies delivered to the Sovietdistribution agency are returned as"unsold" each m onth.Despite con stant fanfare in the Sovietmedia about the wide availability offoreign works in the U SSR the averagecitizen has only the most limited accessto contemporary American books andperiodicals. The situation is one ofsevere restriction an d censorship. Am erican works published in the USSR gothrough a rigoro us and lengthy processof censorship to ensure that only thosewhich do not conflict with the officialparty, line ever reach the bo okstand s.Contracts for publication are oftensigned and translations are made forworks that never appear. Even thosewhich, d o appear are printed in limitededitions. Subscriptions to Americanjournals and newspapers placed byinstitutes are handled as "classified"material. An individual Soviet citizencannot subscribe to" an Am ericanperiodical. Libraries that possess American books and periodicals keep themin special collections to which, exceptfor literature, the general public has n oaccess.The Soviet government's performance on filmed and broadcast information is abominable. According to th eSoviet film guide Movie Week, 18American feature films were shown inMoscow during this reporting period,many of them with cuts a n d bowdlerizeddialogu e. American television programs,mainly animal shows, occasional lyappear on television. Sometimes theyare shown in their entirety and.sometimes clips are used as part of a Sovietchildren's program.The Soviet authorities continued tocontrol mail and telephone circuits to restrict, on a selective basis, contactbetween Soviet dissidents and citizens

of other countries. The Soviet government jams Western radio broadcastsdirected at the Soviet Union in clearviolat ion of the provi s ions 'of the '"Helsinki Final Act. Broadcasts jammedinclude all Voice of America (VOA)transmissions in Russian and otherUSSR languages and Radio Liberty.The English-language version of VOAis not jammed systematically. Jammingis heaviest around major populationcenters.

Bulgarian performance on printed,film and broadcast information continued unchanged aside from someimprovement in the number of W esternfilms shown during th e reporting period..The pattern of selective Bulgarian non-cooperation with Western culturalcenter initiatives continues.Bulgaria does not permit the opensale of Western periodicals except foroccasional very small numbers of newspapers sold in hotels frequented byforeigners. During international conferences held in Bulgaria, West European major dailies a r e o n sale in selectedhotels in very limited numbers. Usuallythe only available Western papers arethose of certain Western Communistparties. A few technical and scholarlyjournals are available in the libraries ofresearch institutes and at bookfairs.There ace no personal subscriptions toWestern publications.Bulgarian performance in showingWestern films on television and in

theaters improved somewhat. Duringthe period, such U.S. ilmsa s " O n e Flewover the Cuckoo's N est," "Network,""Kramer v s. Kramer," a n d T om Horn,"as well as some West European films,were shown in local theaters. As previously, the films chosen generallydepict the unfavorable image of theWest that Bulgaria wishes to promote.Several Western embassies haveexperienced difficulties with Bulgarianauthorities in scheduling cultural presentations already consented to inprinciple in cultural agreements. N oteworthy were delaying tactics and obstruction of planned film weeks. In eachcase, a film week had been accepted, butwhen it came to actually scheduling or

deciding the content of the programs,the Bulgarian cultural authorities proveddifficult, claiming "technical difficulties," as the obstacle. "Technical difficulties" were also cited as the reasonbehind the one-month postponement ofan American exhibit scheduled toappear in Sofia later this year. Despite asigned contract, Bulgarian culturalofficials insist that the exhibit may onlyappear at a time when it is committed tobe shown in another European capital.In the area of establishing Westerncultural centers, the Bulgarians havemaintained that adequate facilities werenot available or have told Western-representatives that they Would not beallowed to open a cultural center inSofia.A major setback in the informationarea was the Bulgarian decision to beginjamming VOA Bulgarian-languagebroadcasts on February 1, 1982. WestGermany's Deutsche Welle continuedto be jammed, but BBC Bulgarian-language service has not yet experiencedinterference. The decision to jam VOAis probably a reflection of the state ofthe general East-West political climate,of which the Polish situation is a majorcause.

There was no improvement in Czechoslovakia's generally poor performance in printed, film and broadcastinformation during the reporting period.N o American publicat ions are soldpublicly in Czechoslovakia except for afew copies o f the Dairy World which areseen on the newsstands irregularly.Occa sionally, bestsellers such as ArthurHailey's "Wheels" are translated andprinted in quantities always to o limitedto meet the public demand. In general,books to be translated are chosen farmore' with an eye to the picture presented of American society (i.e., inaccord with the critical media image of

the United States) than to the literarymerit of the work in que stion. N oAmerican periodicals are available atnewsstands. University libraries generally only have a very limited collection ofAmerican literature, largely 19th andearly 20th century classics. The U.S.Embassy has presented collections ofAmerican literature to the Englishfaculties of all five major universities.These collections, however, are onlymade available to faculty members andstudents majoring in English. Theembassy also subscribes to 43 Am ericanperiodicals for presentation to Czechoslovak officials and institutions. Theseappear to be received without majordifficulty. However, reports of non-receipt of personal and officially approved subscriptions to Western booksand periodicals of a technical or scholarly nature have persisted.There has been no improvementrelated to the distribution of printedinformation in Czechoslovakia. In fact,

during the reporting period the U.S.Embassy received a protest from theMinistry of Foreign Affairs concerningthe embassy's distribution of selectedwireless file items on security issues to arecipient list of less than 10 0 media and-government officials. The five itemssingled out in the protest were all policystatements delivered by high U.S.government officials.According to information receivedfrom the Czechoslovak authorit ies ,seven U.S. films have been shown forthe first time in the last six months,while Czechoslovak te levis ion hasshown four U.S. films during the sameperiod. N o documentaries have beenshown. Perhaps the longest running

U.S. film currently playing in Czechoslovakia is "All the President's Men,"which reportedly is also being shown inCzechoslovak schools a s a commentaryon the U.S. system of government.N orma lly, U.S . films are carefullyselected to depict the worst aspects ofAmerican society.Radio Free; Europe (RFE) is heavilyjammed in parts of Czechoslovakia.Most other international broadcasting,including VOA, is received.The German Democratic Republicoccupies a unique position vis-a-visdissemination of information in EasternEurope. The government's control overinformation is greatly lessened becausethe GDR does not jam West Germantelevision and radio, which are readilyavailable to and followed by most GDRcitizens. GDR authorities do make aneffort to discredit Western media andto persuade their citizens no t to tune inWestern stations.Aside from U.S. Communist Partypublications, U.S. periodicals are unavailable to the general public in EastBerlin and the GDR. The only exception is two East Berlin hotels servingforeigners almost exclusively, whichcarry the International Herald Tribuneunder the counter in limited quantities.Also, the International Herald Tribuneis available to foreigners in Leipzigduring the Leipzig spring and fall trade

fairs.Major libraries and institutes receiveU.S. magazines and scholarly journals,but the general public has no access tothem. Books by American publishersare not available. The G DR publishes alimited number of titles (20 per year) byAmerican authors both in English andGerman, but printings are small and thebooks are hard to obtain.The U.S. Embassy .has distributed

(Continued on pate 14)

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T H E U K R A I N I A N W E E K LY S U N D A Y , N O V E M B E R 1 4 . 1 9 8 2 No. 46

Mykola Lysenko in fore ign sourcesTo my wife, M arta, for her patience and support

Mykola Lysenko as a young graduate ofthe Leipzig Conservatory, circa 1869.Part I - general works

This article is published on the 70thanniversary of the death of MykolaLysenko, the most prominent Ukrainian musician of the late 19th and early2 0 t h c e n t u r i e s . L y s e n k o , w h o w a sw i d e ly a c t i v e a s c o m p o s e r , p i a n i s t ,conductor and musical scholar, diedN ovember 6, 1912.Lysenko's prominence in non-Ukrainian music olo gical li terature is rivaledo n l y b y D m y t r o B o r t n i a n s k y a n dpossibly by Fedir Akimenko. Of thethree only Lysenko, however, is designated most often as Ukrainian.The following is meant to be a conc isec r i t i c a l s u rv e y o f f o r e i g n l i t e r a t u r ewhich writes of Mykola Lysenko.

First materialsSome items were published during

Lysenko's lifetime. Perhaps the earliestones were Czech reviews of Lysenko'sappearances as a pianist in Prague in1868. O n April 10, 1869, the LeipzigerTageblat t (Leipzig D ai ly B ullet in )published a review of Lysenko's performance of Beethoven's Piano ConcertoN o. 5, which lauded the reading asc a p t i v a t i n g a n d i n f o r m e d t h a t t h ecadenza brought endless applause.In April 1898, N . Findeisen, R ussianwriter and editor, published a series ofarticles in his Russische Mmikzeitung( R u s s i a n M u s i c a l N e w s p a p e r ) , f o rwhich he was personally thanked byLysenko via a letter to the editor in St..Petersburg.Posthumous publications

In N ovem ber 1912, in Lviv. WesternUkraine, O syp Zalesky,1 published anobi tuary titled "Miko laj Lysenko" inthe Pol ish paper D ziennik I .udow y(People's Daily).In "A History o f Russian Music " byM. Mo ntagu-N athan, published in NewYork, 1914, and in A. Pougin's "AShort History of Russian Music " alsoprinted in New York a year later, there

are o nly five and three lines, respectively,of text, about Lysenko.N ejedly tribute

Prominent Czech musicologist, Zde-nek Nejedly, autho r of numero us biographies and histories, was so takenw ith the fam ous chorus of conductorAlexander Koshetz (making a European tour at the time) that he wrote abook about the chorus and its repert o i r e ( i n C z e c h ) t i t l e d " U k r a j i n s k aR e p u b l i k a n s k a K a p e l a " ( U k r a i n i a nRepublican Cappella, Kiev-Prague,1921), for many years a collecto r's item.Lysenko must have impressed Nejedlyc o n s i d e r a b l y b e c a u s e h e w r o t e t h efollowing."The works of Lysenko, either theserious, religious Christmas psalms orthe very humorous ditt ies show theoriginal, characteristic qualit ies of thecomposer. His songs display simpleexpression, highest grandeur and evencaptivating solemnity."From the ar t is t i c s tandpoint themost valuable thing is that from theses o n g s t h e r e i s e x t r a c t e d e v e r y t h i n gcharac teristic and peculiar to them. Thearrangements are done very brightlyand strongly, avoiding the effect of puremusical folklore which is foreign to theinterests of art, but on the other hand,genuine folk material is not reduced toarti f i c ia l deco rations ."U krain ian cho ral com posi t ions r ingout w ith their own characteristic style o farrangement which frees and deepensthe significance of separate voices andraises choral composition to the highlevel of true vocal po lyphony, retainingat the same time their genuine folkcharacter. Lysenko was the first Ukrain i a n c o m p o s e r w h o l a u n c h e d t h i soriginal music o n its way to the presentvery precious results."

Between world warsIn Nicolai Rimsky-Korsakov's "MyMusical Li fe," (N ew York, 1923) onpage 295 the author writes about hisvisit to Kiev and Lysenko.N eue Musikzeitung (The New Musical N ewspaper, N o. 47,1926), published

an article, again by Mr. Zalesky, titled"Die Ukrainische O per" (The Ukrainian O pera) in which Lysenko is givendue credit .I n W . S . P r a t t ' s " T h e H i s t o r y o fMusic " (N ew York, 1935), Lysenko islabeled a "Russian composer."2 JosephW. Reiss, in his Polish "History ofMusic," published in 1920, gives anelaborate treatment of the subject ofLysenkiana.A f t e r t h e ( i n a d e q u a t e ) A m e r i c a npremiere of Lysenko's opera "TarasBulba" in New York, the April 22,1940,issue of The N ew York Times publishedsome photographs of the performanceand commented that the audience waslarge and enthusiastic ." A S h o r t H i s t o r y o f U k r a i n i a nMusic," written by Alexander Koshetzand translated by W. Paluk (JerseyCity, 1944), includes an evaluation ofLysenko. The composer is also mentioned in G.W. Simpson's "AlexanderKoshetz in Ukrainian Music" (Winnipeg,1946).Macenko expounds

A n im portant ar t i c le on Lysenkoappeared in The U krain ian W eekly(Jersey City, D ecem ber 8,1950). Writtenby Pavlo Macenko,3 the article "MykolaV. Lysenko" brings up several interesting points . A ccording to the author ,Lysenko wrote a letter to his parentsfrom Leipzig, dated March 28, 1968, inwhich he said:"The Kiev (Imperial) Music Scho ol isd i s a p p o i n t i n g . T h e r e o n e f i n d s I t a -lianisms, Germanisms, but basic principles of our national folk music arecarefully ignored; they are loo ked upo nas something vulgar. It has been thusand, God knows, will be so in the future.O ur music schoo l must be based onprinciples of our folk music or else it willbe, as untilnow, sterile, insensitive to therealit ies of our l ife."

Mr. Macenko goes on the say thatLysenko, as stated by Philaret Kolessa,undertook a difficult job. He strove togive Ukrainian music a harmonic interpretation which would coincide bothwith its structure and character. He

Lysenko, circa 1895.wanted to bring the Ukrainian nationalsong in its native, co stume onto thew orld arena. Lysenko sa id that byarranging these folk treasures he placeda nation's pearl in a golden setting.

More recent publicationsWasyl Wytwycky,4 the author of thearticle "Music" in the book "Ukrainian(Continued on page 10)1. Contemporary Ukrainian musico logist,teacher and composer, residing in Buffalo,N.Y.2. Lysenko's natio nality (and that of otherUkrainian composers) is registered asRussian in a number of English and WestEuropean music reference works. Thiscondition is a result of past ignorance of thefact that the Russian and Ukrainian nationalities are not synonymous. Anotherreason for the confusion is the process bywhich some new wo rks are co mpiled, i.e. no tby true, c areful research, but by way ofplagiarism of already existing works, manyof which contain misinformation.

3. Contemporary Ukrainian Canadianmusicologist active in Winnipeg and otherlocales. '4. Contemporary Ukrainian musico logist,co mposer and critic, now pro minently activein the United States.

hi

' - ' - - , V ^ ' ' " ^ - v - " 1 ; - ' - ; ; - " : : - ' : - / ^ ' ^ ' :-v : -;; '. : : - : - \ - - - i -jT ^

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! Lysenko's original manuscript page from the opera "Taras Bulba" (orchestralThe comp oser, circa 1885. score).

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N o. 46 T H E U K R A I N I A N W E E K LY S U N D A Y . N O V E M B E R 1 4 . 1 9 8 2 P a n o r a m a o f U k r a in ia n c u ltu r e in t h e B ig A p p le

by He len Perozak Smindak

There's news on all fronts, past,present and future, and it's all soexciting I can hardly decide where tobegin.Let me tell you what's coming up soyou can jot down the dates on yourcalendar. Then well take a look at thisweekend's even ts, and 111 try to bringyou up to date on the cultural activitiesof recent weeks.Great dates ahead .

" N ovember 1 6 The opening of theN ew York City Ballet Company's 1982-83 season promises marvelous delights.In addition to the work of ba llet masterJohn Taras and company bal lerinaRoma Sosenko, this season will bring us8-year-old N ina Bachinsky in the leadrole of Mary i n " T h e N utcracker Suite."Little Miss Bachinsky, w ho com es fromWoodstock, N .Y., lias been extremelybusy of late. She has been rehearsing forher "Nutcracker" role, and she spentfour days recently at NBC-TV workingwith actor Tony Randall and ballerinaSusan Farrell on an episode of the"Love, Sidney" series. According to anN BC spokesman, the "Ballet" episodewill be aired sometime in mid-December. Watch the Saturday evening TVlistings in your local papers for this one.Better yet, watch all the "Lov e, Sidney"programs in December, and you'll besure not to miss Nina Bachinsky.

November 19 - "Carol of the Bells"("Shchedryk") rings out during RadioCity Music Hall's celebrated holidaypresentation, The Magnificent Christmas Spectacular, which runs throughJanuary 6 . This will be the fo nrthstraight year for the Ukrainian NewYear's-carol in the Music Hall Christmas show.

November 2 1 Movie and TV starJack Palance will attend the New Yorkpremiere of Slavko Nowytski's newfilm, "The Helm of Destiny," at theUkrainian Institute of America. Mr.Palance did the narration for the film , apanorama of Ukrainian history andheritage in America. Attendance, limited to 200 persons, is restricted to UIAmembers and guests, so the 5 p.m.screening and reception afterwardsshould be an elite event" December 6 O h day of days! TheUkrainian Bandnra School of NewYork and director Julian Kytasty have

been invited to perform at this year'sChristmas tree lighting program atRockefeller Center. The.annual event,held at the ice pond in the Lower Plaza,will also feature St. Patrick's Churchchoir, skating stars Tai Babilonia,Randy Gardner and Toller Cranston,and the Rad io City Music HallRockettes. Planners of the center's 50thanniversary Christmas program, to beaired live and in color by NBC-TV, areattempting to line up comedian BobHop ejas master of ceremonies. (P.S. 1trust that other Ukrainian musicalgroups a re also making arrangements totake part in Christmas-tree lightingceremonies and caroling in the BigApple's five boroughs. Has anyoneconsidered a traditional "koliada"under Mayor Koch's window at CityHall?)'

" M ay 20, 1983 - More banduranews. The Ukrainian Bandurists Chorus,which was organized in Ukraine and isn ow based in Detroit, h a s announced a 12-city tour next May 7 with Carnegie Hallalready booked in New York. Celebrating the 65th anniversary of the chorus,the tour will begin in Cleveland on M ay1 4 a n d will include stops i n 1 0 U.S. cities

plus Toronto and Montreal." May 29, 1983 - MetropolitanOpera bass Paul Plishka will appear inVerdi's "Requiem" with the MusicaSacra Chorus a n d the Kitchener-Waterloo Symphony Orchestra. The presentation will be held in Toronto's newlyopened modern concert hal l , RoyThomson Hall , where next Sunday(N ovember 21) the N orth Americanpremiere of the Liudkevych-Shev-chenko work "Caucasus" ("Kavkaz")and the world premiere of Fiala'sSymphony N o. 4 will be presented bythe Ukrainian Canadian Opera Association.This weekend

' N ovember 13 Harvard University's professor of B yzantine history andliterature, Prof. Ihor Shevchenko,discusses the reasons for the success ofthe cultural impact of Byzantium on theSlavs and presents evidence of theByzantine Em pire's influence on Slaviclife, at the Ukrainian Institute, 5 p.m." November 14 Two Ukrainianevents and a Slavic concert compete forattention. A benefit concert for TheUkrainian Museum; featuring a galalineup of 14 Ukrainian artists, takesplace at N ew York U niversity's LoebStudent C enter, followed by a receptionin the center's Top of the Park room.Uptown, at the Ukrainian Institute,Branch 72 of the Ukrainian NationalWomen's League of America presentsthree outstanding young artists in itsannual m usicale. Both concerts begin at3 p.m. The Slavic concert, a folkdancefestival that is part of the Slavic EthnicHeritage Week, is scheduled for 2:30p.m. at the F ashion Institute of Technology, 227 W. 27th St.Catching up: music

Tenor Edward Evanko is lookingforward to many exciting performancesnext year, among them the role of D on.Juan in "Carmen." with the Augusta(Ga.) Opera in January, an all-Wagner

concert with the Kansas City Symphony in M a y , a n d a n appearance in theKansas City Lyric Opera's productionof Offenbach's "Perichole" in September. Still, vivid memories of Ukrainekeep coming to mind, although it 's beentwo months since he returned to NewYork from a tour of four Ukrainiancities with the Oleksander KoshetzChoir of Winnipeg. He says the sightsand sounds of Ukraine, the scenes ofoverflowing halls, the friendlinessextended by local artists and , above all,the meetings with relatives, were "tremendously moving." As soloist with the70-member choir, directed by WalterKlymkiw, Mr. Evanko sang in Lviv,Ternopil, Chernivtsi and Kiev, performing the Prayer from "Zaporozhetsza Dunayem," "Stepom, stepom,""Chuyesh, braty m iy"and other songs.During the irsthalf ofeach concert, theKoshetz choir sang folk songs andchurch music, including an 18th century baroque canon, and a local groupcontributed its talents in the secondhalf. In Lviv and Ternopil, M r. Evankowas surprised to find Americans in theaudience; they turned out to be members of a tour group escorted by MartaJacuszko of Kobasniuk Travel of NewYork. The Chernivtsi program, actuallyheld in a village outside the city, alsoconsisted of dancers and musicians,while the concert in Kiev's PhilharmonicHall included the Veryovka Choir. Allin all, a great first visit to U kraine, saysMr. Evanko.

An afternoon of classics, the first ina two-part concert series sponsored bythe UN A and the Ukrainian Institute,was held at the institute on October 23.Guests at the event expressed highpraise for th e performers, pianist LaryssaKrupa, actress Stefka N azarkewycz a n dsoprano Laryssa Magun-Huryn. MissKrupa's performance included Schubert and Liszt-Paganini compositions,while Mrs. Huryn sang works by My-kola Lysenko and Stanislav Liudkevych.Miss Nazarkewycz recited Taras Shev-

chenko's haunting poem "Kateryna."' Pianist Thom as Hrynkiw, busywith a good number of engagements inrecent mon ths, is preparing for a recitalin Miami during the Thanksgivingweekend. He will perform at the Kou-beck Center, 27th Avenue and ThirdStreet, SW, on November 27 at 8:15p.m. His program takes in works bySchubert, Beethoven and Infante, threepieces written for him by Lizaso, andtwo Ukrainian selections Kosenko's"Sonata N o.3 " and N yzhankiwsky's"Variations on Ukrainian Themes." Afrequent traveler, Mr. Hrynkiw was inWashington on September 29 a s accompanist for Paul Plishka's recital in theKennedy Center's Terrace Theater, andagain on November 8, along withAndrij Dobriansky and Renata Babak,for the Ukrainian Helsinki Groupcommemoration at the American University. On October 2 4 , he accompaniedMr. Dobriansky in Toronto at theMassey Hall concert commemoratingthe 50th anniversary of UkrainianCatholic Brotherhoods in Canada. And- on November 3, Mr. Hrynkiw flew offto Eugene, Ore., for a concert at thePerforming Arts Center featuring theKalyna Trio (Nestor C ybriwskyj, HelenStrilec and Mr. Hrynkiw) and MissBabak.Catching up: art

' " New York's Tiffany A Co. at thecorner of Fifth Avenue and 57th Streetrecently displayed unusual sculpturesby Olenka Bachinska in its windows,along w ith dazzling necklaces b y AngelaCummings and other Tiffany d esigners.M r s . Bachinska's life-size heads andtorsos of w omen, done in pastel-paintedterra-cotta, were set against backgrounds of royal blue felt. They were onview from October 27 to November 10. Ethnic dancers and landscapes inacrylic are the focus of some 25 largecanvasses which make up a show opening tomo rrow in the library Galleria at

(Continued on pap 11)

Ed Evanko performs with the Oleksander Koshetz Choir of Win nipeg und er th e d irectio n of Wa lter K lymk iw atPhilharmonic Hall in Kiev in August.

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10 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 14 ,1 98 2 No. 46

T u c s o n c h u r c h s o c i e t y e l e c t s o f f i c e r sTUCSO N , Ariz. The parishionersof St. Michael's Ukrainian CatholicChurch met on October 3 to electmembers to the newly formed ChurchSociety.The meeting took place at the homeof Stephanie Bliday and was conductedby the Rev. Andrew Mykyta.The society consists of the following:Olha Halick, president; Ihor Blyschak,vice president; Katia Fostiak, recordingsecretary; Olya Golash-Tymciurak,corresponding secretary; Vitaly Halich

and Lubomyra Cybulsky, financialsecretaries; Trudy Tkachyk, socialdirector, Ms. Golash-Tymciurak andHalia Blyschak. program directors.The parishioners of St. Michael's alsoexpressed thanks to al l who havecontributed to the building fund ofwhat will be the first Ukrainian churchin southern Arizona. Contributionsmay be sent to: St. M ichael's UkrainianCatholic Church, P.O. Box 12745,Tucson, Ariz. 85732.

No place like Soyuzivkaon Thanksgiving Day!'T H A N K S G I V I N G D I N N E R

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Mykola Lysenko...(ConUnnedfrom part S)Arts," presents Lysenko as the creatorof the Ukrainian trend and mentionsseveral socio-political difficulties encountered by him and his contemporaries. This article is a concise but accurateoutline of Ukrainian music, in whichLysenko is shown as most influentialduring his age.The May 1952 issue of the MonthlyMusical Record presented an article"Gogol and Music" by M. M ontagu-Nathan in which numerous composersand their operas on the works of Gogol(Hohol) are scrutinized. It is of considerable interest that here Gogol iscalled a great Ukrainian poet, novelistand playwright, while Lysenko is designated a native of Ukraine but a minorRussian composer. Montagu-Nathan'states that Lysenko's operas, particularly "Taras Bulba," reflected Gogolmore faithfully than many a work ofother composers, even Tchaikovsky,Rimsky-Korsakov and Serov.

In Munich, 1957, a German worktitled "Geschichte der UkrainischenKultur" (The H istory of Uk rainianCulture) was pu blished. In a sub-chapter, called "M. Lysenko and HisSchool," the author, Ivan Mirchuk, thelate scientist and d ean of the UkrainianFree U niversity, p resents the composeras one who searched for the individuality of Ukrainian music. His research

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and scientific analysis of Ukrainian folksongs convinced Lysenko that here wasan unusually rich and completely untapped treasure material which in itsquality and quantity was equalled byfew nations of the world.According to Mr. Mirchuk, Lysenkoknew that to compose independentUkrainian music he had to study thesesongs and use them as a basis for hiscompositions. Any foreign influencewould make his works dependent onnon-Ukrainian composers and thenational character of his works wouldbe lost.H.J. Moser's German work "DieTonsprachen des Abendlandes" (SoundLanguages of the West, Berlin, 1959),has only 19 lines of text on Lysenko, thescholar of musical folklore.9 A photograph o f L ysenko, curiously reminiscentof Brahms, may be found in Robert.Dolejsi's article "Otakar Sevcik, HisLife and Works," printed in "Violins ftViolinists (November-December, 1960).

G. Polyanovsky's article "Kharkovand Kiev," which appeared in themagazine "O pera" (August , 1961) ,discusses Lysenko's opera productionsin these two major. Ukrainian cities.There are several important sourceswriting on Lysenko in the last twodecades but these belong in the class ofdictionaries and encyclopedias and willbe discussed in the following part of thissurvey.

5. Contributed by musicologist OsypZalesky who told me he sent Moser six pagesof text on the history of Ukrainian music(including data on Lysenko) which theeditor reduced to about two pages.

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