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^bgz vhvi| shz m|gcg`heew vylegzbin g`G|h`4 Dmy|`he ma ~bi L|g~gzb G`z~g~y~i am|Vi|zgh` Z~yngiz qme. 2/96'% ny|g`c sbgjb G|h` shzjm`qyezin lw h zi|giz ma yvbihqhez jhyzin lw ~bi `is omqioi`~. ^bi ag|z~wih| ma ~bi Ll#z ogzzgm` "82>>/9' gz% bmsiqi|% hezm ma c|ih~ g`~i|iz~% h`n ~biivgzmni sbgjb am|oz ~bi zyldij~ ma ~bgz h|~gjei% ~bi ~|ghe ma Oyee fHe Lhz~o%shz m`i ma ~bi omz~ govm|~h`~ ivgzmniz ma ~bh~ wih|. Hz siee hz lig`c ~bi ag|z~mjjhzgm` m` sbgjb ~bi `is omqioi`~ i`jmy`~i|in ~bi mvvmzg~gm` ma ~biyehoh% g~ shz h j|yjghe ~y|`g`c vmg`~ g` ~bi niqiemvoi`~ ma ~bi Ll

omqioi`~% h`n gz `m~ sg~bmy~ g`~i|iz~ ~m z~yni`~z ma Gzeho g` ~bh~ G nm `m~k`ms ma h`w m~bi| mjjhzgm`% h~ eihz~ g` omni|` ~goiz% sbi` Zy`` h`n Zbfyehoh bhqi jmolg`in ~m cgqi h ah~s.[8_ ^bgz gz hezm zhgn ~m bhqi lii` ~biag|z~ mjjhzgm` m` sbgjb ~bi M~~moh` hy~bm|g~giz maagjgheew |ijmc`gtin ~bi Zbfzij~.[

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Zhwwgn Ktgo \hzb~ "8' ~bi Zbhgkb eihni|% sbm shz|izgni`~ g` Kh|lhe. Bi lijhoi zm jhv~gqh~in lw ~bi Zbhgkb ~ihjbg`c ~bh~ bieia~ bgz bmoi h`n ahogew h`n zi~ my~ am| Kh|lhe% sbi|i bi h~~i`nin ~bieij~y|iz ma Zhwwgn Ktgo am| ziqi` wih|z. H~ ~bi i`n ma ~bgz ~goi% bgz vh|i`~zh`n ahogew% ngz~|izzin lw bgz v|mem`cin hlzi`ji a|mo bgz bmoi h`n ahogew%jhoi ~m Kh|lhe h`n ml~hg`in Zhwwgn Ktgo#z hvv|mqhe am| ~bi ihci| zjbmeh|#z|i~y|` ~m bgz bmoi/~ms`. Bmsiqi|% Oyee f He amy`n g~ govmzzglei ~m egqi h~bmoi% h`n liam|i em`c bhn |i~y|`in ~m bgz ohz~i| h~ Kh|lhe.[:_

Iqi`~z g` Kh|lhe ha~i| ~bi nih~b ma Zhwwgn Ktgo

Oyee f He shz v|izi`~ g` Kh|lhe sbi` Zhwwgn Ktgo ngin g` Dh`yh|w 82>>.^bgz iqi`~ jhyzin h j|gzgz g` ~bi Zbhgkb jmooy`g~w% zg`ji Zhwwgn Ktgo bhn

z~ihnahz~ew |iayzin ~m `mog`h~i h zyjjizzm| ~m ~bi eihni|zbgv ma ~bi omqioi`~.Zbhgkbgzo% zg`ji ~bi ~hka|v|m`my`jin hchg`z~ g~z amy`ni| Zbhgkb Hbohn he/Hbz# lw Oyee Oybhoohn/^hx Lh|hcb` g` hlmy~ 82

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Amy|~b V|g`jgvei "hze' ma ~bi |iegcgm` ma Gzeho shz ~bh~ ~bi|i zbmyen heshwzirgz~ yvm` ~bi ih|~b h Vi|aij~ Zbf"he/Zbf he/koge' sbmo g~ shz ~bi ny~w mahee liegiqi|z ~m ag`n h`n ~m ameems g` hee oh~~i|z. Lw govegjh~gm`% ~bgz Vi|aij~Zbf bhn lii` ~bi amy`ni| ma ~bi Zbhgkb zjbmme% Zbhgkb Hbohn he/Hbz#%h`n bgz jbmzi` zyjjizzm|% Zhwwgn Ktgo \hzb~. @ms sg~b ~bi nih~b ma ~bieh~~i|% ~bi Zbhgkbz si|i y`ni| nmj~|g`he v|izzy|i ~m ag`n h `is eihni|.

Zhwwgn Ktgo bhn cgqi` ais jeyiz hz ~m sbh~ ~bi Zbhgkbz zbmyen nm ha~i| bgznih~b% he~bmycb hjjm|ng`c ~m ziqi|he hjjmy`~z% bi bhn v|ingj~in lw ziqi|heom`~bz bgz ms` niogzi. @msbi|i g` bgz s|g~g`cz gz ~bi|i h`w ag|o z~h~ioi`~m` ~bgz oh~~i| h`n% hz ohw li irvij~in% m|he hjjmy`~z ma bgz ag`he g`z~|yj~gm`z~m bgz vyvgez h|i bgcbew vh|~gzh`% hjjm|ng`c ~m sbi~bi| ~bi `h||h~m| eh~i|lijhoi h Ll m| |iohg`in h Zbhgkb. Hjjm|ng`c ~m he/Xh~e gl` he/Kh|lhe#%v|izyohlew ~bi vziynm`wo ma h Zbhgkb ma Kh|lhe sbm eh~i| lijhoi h Ll%

Zhwwgn Ktgo bhn zhgn zbm|~ew liam|i bgz nih~b% ,H|i wmy `m~ bhvvw ~bh~ Gzbmyen ngi h`n ~bh~ ~bi jhyzi ma wmy| Goo li ohni oh`gaiz~=,[>_ Hjjm|ng`c~m Oybhoohn Kh|o Kb` Kg|o`% m`i ma ~bi jm`~i`ni|z am| ~bi Zbhgkbeihni|zbgv h`n h` mvvm`i`~ ma ~bi Ll% ,Sbi` zmoim`i hzkin bgo [g.i.Zhwwgn Ktgo_ jm`ji|`g`c bgz zyjjizzm|% bi zhgn% #Cmn bhz h` haahg|% sbgjb bisgee l|g`c ~m a|yg~gm`.#,[9_

^byz ~bi|i shz jm`zgni|hlei vi|veirg~w h`n jm`ayzgm` hom`c ~bi Zbhgkbjmooy`g~w g` Kh|lhe g` Dh`yh|w 82>> ameemsg`c Zhwwgn Ktgo#z nih~b.^bi|i si|i h `yoli| ma v|mog`i`~ Zbhgkbz sbm si|i vmzzglei jm`~i`ni|z am|

~bi eihni|zbgv4 O|t Oyb~ Kg|o` h`n O|t Bhzh` Chsbh| g` Kh|lheg~ziea; Oybhoohn Kh|o Kb` Kg|oh` g` Kg|oh`; h`n O|t Zbhaf ^bgxh~he/ Gzeo% g` ^hl|gt. Hezm% Zhwwgn Hbohn% Zhwwgn Ktgo#z zm`% shz h vmzzgleijm`~i`ni|.[1_ Bmsiqi|% ~bi|i shz `m jm`zi`zyz hom`c ~bi Zbhgkbz hz ~msbgjb ma ~bizi zbmyen lijmoi ~bi eihni|. Om|imqi|% oh`w jm`zgni|in ~bh~%bhn Zhwwgn Ktgo g`~i`nin m`i ma ~bizi ~m zyjjiin% g~ smyen bhqi lii`zgovei i`mycb ~m hvvmg`~ bgo% sbi|ihz bi bhn m`ew ohni j|wv~gj |iai|i`jiz ~mbgz zyjjizzm|% ~mci~bi| sg~b "hjjm|ng`c ~m zmoi hjjmy`~z' hnom`g~gm`z ~m bgzameemsi|z ~m cm my~ h`n zih|jb am| bgz zyjjizzm|.

^bi ameemsg`c gz h` hjjmy`~ ma ~bi jm`ayzgm` lw ~bi hlmqi/oi`~gm`in he/Xh~egl` he/Kh|lhe#4

H c|myv ma ~bi ~yeel ma Zhwwgn Ktgo sbm jmyen ngz~g`cygzb sh~i|a|mo sg`i si|i vi|veirin hz ~m sbi|i ~biw zbmyen cm h`n ~m sbmo~biw zbmyen jeihqi. Zm ~biw jhoi ~m Oyee Bhzh` Chsbh|% sbm jehgoin~|yz~iizbgv "sgzwh'%h`n O|t Oyb~% sbm jehgoin zyvi|g`~i`ni`jw"`gt|h'%h`n hzkin ~bio% ,Wmy hvvih|in ~m li ~bi jemziz~ vimvei ~m ~biLl [g.i. Zhwwgn Ktgo_ h`n `ih|iz~ ~m Bgz Bm`my|. Ngn wmy `m~ bih|

h`w~bg`c a|mo Bgz Bm`my| jm`ji|`g`c ~bi zyjjizzm|zbgv ha~i| bgo=,.^bi am|oi| zhgn% ,G ngn `m~ bih| h`w~bg`c%, sbgei ~bi eh~~i| zhgn% ,G bhqi

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zmoi~bg`c% ly~ G sgee `m~ zhw g~ `ms% h`n g~ gz qg~he ~bh~ wmy nm `m~ eihqiKh|lhe., ^bi|i lijhoi jy||i`~ hom`c ~bi vimvei% lw shw ma h |yomy|a|mo h`m~bi| zmy|ji% ~bh~ ~bi Zhwwgn he/Ll bhn zhgn% ,^bi haahg| sgeeli ohni oh`gaiz~ m`i wih| ha~i| oi., M` hjjmy`~ ma ~bgz% ~bi ziiki|zsi|i bmviaye h`n ~bmzi sbm bhn nijgnin ~m ~|hqie si|i bizg~h~g`c am|hlmy~ amy| om`~bz% ~bg`kg`c ~bh~ vi|bhvz Oyb~ shz lig`c ~|y~baye g`bgz zyoom`z//am| iqi` h egh| zmoi~goiz zvihkz ~bi ~|y~b. Y`~ge% sbi`~biw nizvhg|in ma g~ h`n ~bi|i hvvih|in a|mo ~bi ~sm ma ~bio hj~gm`z h~sbgjb ~bi bih|~ gz ngzcyz~in h`n ma sbgjb g~ gz emh~b ~m s|g~i% ~biwzjh~~i|in g` hee ng|ij~gm`z "hwn he/zhl' ~m ~bi nizi|~z% ~m ~bishz~ieh`nz% ~m ~bi sgeni|`izz h`n ~m ~bi mvi` jmy`~|w% h`n ~biw ~mmk|iayci g` zb|g`iz% jioi~i|giz% omzxyiz h`n og`lh|z.[3_

^bi Ll

Sbh~ ziioz ~m bhqi ~bi` mjjy||in shz h vmeh|gth~gm` ma ~bi Zbhgkbjmooy`g~w g`~m h c|myv bihnin lw ~bi meni|% iz~hlegzbin eihni|z zyjb hzO|t Oyb~ h`n O|th Bhzh` Chsbh|% sbm nijgnin ~m |iohg` g` Kh|lhe h`njm`zmegnh~i ~big| vmzg~gm` ~bi|i% h`n h c|myv ma ~bi wmy`ci| Zbhgkbz% sbmnijgnin ~m eihqi Kh|lhe g` zih|jb ma h `is eihni|. Hz shz ~|hng~gm`he% ~bgzwmy`ci| c|myv |i~g|in am| h vi|gmn ma am|~w nhwz# ahz~g`c h`nv|hwi| "gf~gka'% ziikg`c cygnh`ji g` ~big| xyiz~. ^bi omz~ v|mog`i`~ hom`c~bgz c|myv shz Oyee Byzhg` Lyzb|#% sbm bhn |iji`~ew |i~y|`in a|mo hbgcbew zyjjizzaye ogzzgm`% ml~hg`g`c ~bi hvv|mqhe ma ~bi |i`ms`in Oyee

Oybhoohn/Lxg| Zbha~ h`n O|t fHzkh| am| ~bi Zbhgkb vmzg~gm`. Hezmhom`c ~bgz c|myv shz Oyee fHe Lhz~o sbm% hjjm|ng`c ~m @hle% ,shzi`nmsin sg~b zyjb qhz~ eih|`g`c% h`n shz zm niivew jm`qi|zh`~ sg~b ~bi~ihjbg`cz ma Zbhgkb Hbohn% ~bh~ oh`w |ich|nin bgo hz iqi` zyvi|gm| ~mOyee Byzhg`.,[2_

Oyee Byzhg`% bhqg`c lii` ~bi ag|z~ ~m licg` gf~gkashz hezm ~bi ag|z~ ~m eihqi%bhqg`c jmovei~in bgz am|~w nhwz. Bi eia~ sg~b bgz l|m~bi| h`n jmyzg` h`nzbm|~ew ha~i|% m` Ohw% Oyee fHe sg~b h c|myv ma Zbhgkbz hezmeia~. ^bi g`~i`~gm` ma ~bizi wmy`c Zbhgkbz hz ~biw eia~ Kah hvvih|z ~m

^BI ^\GHE MA OYEE fHE LHZ^O4 H JMOLG@IN ZY@@ /ZB fAH^S HCHG@Z^ ^BI LL 889

bhqi lii` ~m ~|hqie ~m Kg|oh` g` m|ni| ~m jm`zye~ sg~b Oybhoohn Kh|oKb` h`n ~m g`qiz~gch~i ~bi vmzzglgeg~w ~bh~ bi ogcb~ li ~bi m`i g`~i`nin lw

Zhwwgn Ktgo ~m eihn ~bio. ^bh~ ~bgz shz ~big| g`~i`~gm` gz g`ngjh~in g`

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ziqi|he zmy|jiz% g`jeyng`c ~bi ameemsg`c sbgjb vy|vm|~z ~m li h z~h~ioi`~ maOyeeh Byzhg` bgoziea% ohni m` ~bi shw a|mo Kh|lhe4

. . .G~ bhz `m~ lii` ni~i|og`in sbi|i G ho ~m cm; ly~ G liegiqi ~bh~ G ohwcm ~m Kg|oh` h`n zii Bdd Oybhoohn Kh|o Kb`% hz g~ ohw li ~bh~~bi Zhwwgn oih`~ ~bh~ G zbmyen i`~i| ~bi zi|qgji ma ~bi Goo ~b|mycbbgo.[7_

Bmsiqi|% m` ~bi |my~i li~sii` Kh|lhe h`n Kg|oh` ehw Zbg|ht% sbgjb OyeeByzhg` i`~i|in m` >. G~ shz bi|i ~bh~ bi i`jmy`~i|in Zhwwgn fHeOybhoohn Zb|t% sbm% h~ ~big| ag|z~ oii~g`c s|m~i ~bi ag|z~ zy|h ma~bi Xhwwo he/hzo#"Jmooi`~h|w m` ~bi Xy|#`gj Zy|h ma Wzya' h`n vy~am|sh|n bgz jehgo. ^bi irhj~ `h~y|i ma ~bgz jehgo sgee li ngzjyzzin liems;

zyaagji g~ ~m zhw bi|i ~bh~ Zhwwgn fHe Oybhoohn ~mmk am| bgoziea ~bi ~g~ei maLl h`n ~bh~ bi vy~ am|sh|n h jehgo sbgjb Oyee Byzhg` hjjiv~in.[86_

Zmoi ~goi g` eh~i Dy`i% Oyee fHe h`n bgz vh|~w h||gqin g` Zbg|ht.[88_ OyeefHe hezm hjjiv~in ~bi Ll#z jehgoz%[8

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~m li amy`n g` h`w ma ~bi zmy|jiz% ly~ a|mo z~h~ioi`~z ohni g` qh|gmyz vehjizsi ohw zy|ogti ~bh~ ~bi ameemsg`c si|i g`jeynin hom`c ~bio4

"8' ~bh~ ~bi ,Ei~~i|z ma ~bi Egqg`c, si|i ~m ~|hqie ~m zvijgagj niz~g`h~gm`z% ma~i`~big| ms` bmoi~ms`z% g` G|h`% G|hx h`n G`ngh;

"

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^bi` bi [g.i. Oyee fHe_ jhoi ~m @hdha sbi` Zbhgkb OybhoohnBhzh`% hy~bm| ma ~bi Dhsbg|% bien |iegcgmyz eihni|zbgv ~bi|i. Bii`~i|in ~bi hzziolew ma ~bi Zbhgkb h`n aih|eizzew h``my`jin ~bh~ ~biV|mogzin M`i sbmo ~biw si|i hshg~g`c bhn hvvih|in g` Zbg|ht. Bilich` ~m l|g`c am|sh|n v|mmaz ~m ~bio ma ~bi ~|y~b ma ~bi jehgo ma ~biLl% zhwg`c% g` nizj|glg`c bgo% ,Bgz v|mma gz bgz qi|ziz% bgz og|hjei gz~bi zhoi og|hjei lw sbgjb Gzeho gz |ijmc`gtin hz lig`c ~bi ~|y~b. A|mo~bi vi` ma ~bgz Bzbgog~i wmy~b% sbm bhz `iqi| i`~i|in ohn|hzhz% ~bi|ibhqi z~|ihoin% sg~bg` ~bi zvhji ma am|~w/igcb~ bmy|z% qi|ziz h`n v|hwi|zsbgjb ixyhe ~bi zgti ma ~bi Xy|#`% sbgjb jhoi nms` a|moOybhoohn% ~bi Hvmz~ei ma Cmn% g` ~bi jmy|zi ma ~si`~w/~b|ii wih|z.,^bizi sm|nz si|i egki h jh``m`/lhee irvemng`c g` ~bh~ hzziolew h`n hee~bmzi v|izi`~ |mzi yv hchg`z~ Lhz~o.[8>_

G` Kh|lhe% Oyee fHe g`am|oin ~bi eihng`c Zbhgkbz ma ~bi jehgoz ma ~bi Ll.Zhwwgn Dhsn Kh|lhe# bhz |ijm|nin ~bi ameemsg`c jm`ji|`g`c Oyee fHe#zh||gqhe g` Kh|lhe4

Sbi` g` ~bi wih| 8>_% ~bi eh~i Oyee fHe Lhz~o |i~y|`ina|mo Zbg|ht ~m Kh|lhe h`n h``my`jin bgz h`n bgz jmovh`gm`z# zyjjizzg` |ijmc`gtg`c ~bi Ll% h ogcb~w jmoom~gm` h`n yvbihqhe hvvih|inhom`c ~bi vimvei ma eih|`g`c. H`n% m` hjjmy`~ ma ~bi vgi~w% qg|~yi h`nvmzg~gm` ma ~bi eh~i Lhz~o% oi`~gm` ma ~bi hvvih|h`ji ma ~bi Ll

zv|ihn h`n chg`in v|iqhei`ji. Ly~ Oyee fHe jm`ag`in bgoziea ~moi`~gm`g`c ~bi ~g~ei ma ~bh~ vi|zm`hci m`ew h`n |iayzin ~m oi`~gm` bgz`hoi. Bi smyen zhw% ,^bi Ll bhz hvvih|in h`n si bhqi h~~hg`in bgzv|izi`ji% ly~ bi bhz am|lgnni` yz ~m oi`~gm` bgz `hoi m| a|mo sbh~ahogew bi gz. Bmsiqi|% zmm` bgz jhee zbhee li |hgzin h`n bgz `hoi h`nahogew zbhee li k`ms` ~m hee., G` h`w jhzi% h z~|h`ci ~yoye~ h|mzi g` G|hxh`n g` iqi|w ch~bi|g`c ~bi|i shz oi`~gm` ma ~bi hvvih|h`ji ma ~bi Ll.Iqi|wm`i smyen zhw zmoi~bg`c h`n ihjb smyen zvijyeh~i m` sbm ~biLl shz. Ly~ ~bi m`i vi|zm` ~bh~ `m m`i jm`zgni|in shz ~bi V|gohe

Vmg`~ [g.i. Zhwwgn fHe Oybhoohn Zb|t_ m` hjjmy`~ ma bgzwmy~baye`izz h`n bgz mjjyvh~gm` hz h oi|jbh`~. Am| hee ~bmycb~ h`n heesi|i ji|~hg` ~bh~ ~bi Ch~i "Ll' ma Ngqg`i K`mseinci smyen li a|mom`i ma ~bi eih|`in ahogegiz h`n `m~ a|mo ~bi oi|jbh`~ jehzz. H`n omz~ma ~bi Zbhgkbz jm`zgni|in ~bh~ bi oyz~ ma jmy|zi li m`i ma ~bi iog`i`~ngzjgveiz ma Zhwwgn [Ktgo_ \hzb~.[89_

Hz h |izye~ ma ~bgz jmoom~gm` h`n ma ~bi h`ci| ma Zbhgkb Oybhoohn Bhzh`%Oyee fHe shz h||iz~in h`n bh`nin mqi| ~m ~bi cmqi|`oi`~ hy~bm|g~giz. Bi

shz l|mycb~ ~m Lhcbnhn h`n vy~ g` v|gzm` ~bi|i lw @hdl Vzb% ~bi Sema

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y`ni| ~bi `hoi maYzyeg% m| ,^|h`zji`ni`~hegz~z,% bhqi eh~iew |gzi` g`~m`m~gji hz ~bi ngzjgveiz ma ~bi Bgcb V|giz~ Zbigkb Khtio% h`n sbm h|i g`hqmsin irvij~h~gm` ma ~bi zviinw hnqi`~ ma ~bi Goho% hnmv~in ~biv|mvmzin |ihng`cz% h`n nijeh|in ~biozieqiz |ihnw ~m dmg` ~bi V|ijy|zm|%hz zmm` hz bi zbmyen hvvih| hom`cz~ ~bio // ^bizi vh|~giz msg`c ~memjhe ngzzi`zgm`z% si|i zbm|~ew ha~i|sh|nz ni`my`jin ~m ~bi Cmq~. lw~bi m|~bmnmr Zbiihz hz bi|i~gjz% h`n h~~i`~gm` lig`c ~byz n|hs` ~m ~bivi|qi|~in jmvw ma ~bi Km|h`% yvm` sbgjb ~biw |iz~in ~big| liegia% ~biqmeyoi shz zigtin ! g~z lih|i| lig`c l|mycb~ ~m Lhcbnhn% shz jhz~g`~m v|gzm`% hz h lehzvbioi| hchg`z~ Gzeho h`n h ngz~y|li| ma ~bi vylegjvihji.[83_

^bi` @hdl Vhzbh ch~bi|in h` gov|izzgqi hzziolew ma Zy`` h`n Zbf yehoh

n|hs` a|mo ~bi omz~ iog`i`~ ngqg`iz ma Lhcbnhn% @hdha% Kh|lhe h`nKtgohg`. Ohdm| \hseg`zm` sg~b vi|zvgjhjg~w s|m~i4

^bi Zmm`ii V|giz~bmmn bhqi ~hki` yv ~bi jhzi g` h |h`jm|myz zvg|g~ malgcm~|w% h`n ~big| g`qi~i|hjw bhz i`egz~in ~bi zwovh~bgiz ma ~bi i`~g|iZbiihb zij~% g` ahqm| ma ~bi gov|gzm`in Vi|zgh`; g`z~ihn g` ahj~ ma hoi|i ngzvy~i li~sii` ~sm |gqhe zjbmmez g` ~bi ~ms` ma @idia% ~bixyiz~gm` bhz `ms lijmoi m`i ma qg|yei`~ jm`~iz~% li~sii` ~bi Zmm`ii! Zbiihb zij~z% m| sbgjb gz ~bi zhoi ~bg`c g` ~bgz vh|~ ma ~bi M~~moh`Iovg|i% li~sii` ~bi ^y|kgzb ! Vi|zgh` vmvyeh~gm` . . .

@idgl Vhzbh h~ ~bi zhoi ~goi% ~m cgqi hee nyi am|oheg~w ~m bgzv|mjiing`cz% h`n ~m ngqiz~ ~bi haahg| ma ~bi hvvih|h`ji ma oi|i zij~h|gh`vi|zijy~gm`% bhz l|mycb~ g` ~bi jbgia V|giz~z a|mo @idia h`n Ki|lieh% ~mbmen h zmeio` Jmy|~ ma G`xygzg~gm` g` jm`dy`j~gm` sg~b ~bi bihnz ma ~biZmm`ii |iegcgm` g` Lhcbnhn% ly~ G nm `m~ h`~gjgvh~i oyjb li`iag~ a|mo~bgz jmovyezm|w h`n omz~ y`sgeeg`c h~~i`nh`ji ma ~bi am|oi| vh|~giz.^biw sgee v|mlhlew ohki h` iaam|~ ~m zhqi ~bi egai ma ~big| y`am|~y`h~ijmy`~|woh`% v|mvmzg`c ~bi lh`gzboi`~ ma ~bi oizzi`ci| h`n ma ~bibihnz ma ~bi Yzyeg zij~% hz ~bi zgoveiz~ oi~bmn ma zyvv|izzg`c ~bibi|izw% ly~ ~biw sgee li g`~gognh~in h`n mqi||yein% h`n G c|ih~ew aih|~bh~ zi`~i`ji ma nih~b sgee li |ijm|nin hchg`z~ ~bi Zbg|htii lw hohdm|g~w ma ~bi oioli|z ma ~bi jmy|~% h`n hchg`z~ hee sbm v|moyech~ih`n hnmv~ ~bi |ihng`cz ma bgz zvy|gmyz Km|h`.[82_

Hjjmy`~z ma ~bi ~|ghe g~ziea h|i zmoisbh~ jm`ayzin h`n jm`~|hngj~m|w. ^bi|iziio ~m li ~b|ii lhzgjheew ngaai|i`~ hjjmy`~z ma sbh~ mjjy||in. ^bi |ivm|~z ma~bi L|g~gzb jm`zye h`n hjjmy`~z cgqi` g` Zbf bgz~m|giz jm`jy| g` ~bi ahj~ ~bh~

~bi|i shz h ay`nhoi`~he ngzhc|iioi`~ li~sii` ~bi Zy`` h`n Zbf yehohmqi| ~bi cyge~ ma Oyee fHe. \hseg`zm` |ivm|~in4

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^bi jmy|~ ma G`xygzg~gm` jm`qi`in am| ~bi ~|ghe ma ~bi Vi|zgh` v|giz~% shzbien m` Om`nhw ehz~% B. I. @idgl Vhzbh v|izgng`c% h`n Ommeh HlnmmeHtiit [zj. ~bi G|h`gh` Jm`zye_ lig`c hezm v|izi`~% ~m haam|n bgzjmy`~i`h`ji ~m ~bi hjjyzin. ^bi vi|qi|~in jmvw ma ~bi Km|h` lig`cv|mnyjin g` Jmy|~% shz y`h`gomyzew jm`nio`in hz h lehzvbiomyzv|mnyj~gm`% h`n vh|~giz hqmsg`c h liegia g` ~bi |ihng`cz sbgjb g~jm`~hg`in% si|i nijeh|in ~m li eghlei ~m ~bi vy`gzboi`~ ma nih~b. G~ shz~bi` h|cyin sbi~bi| m| `m~ ~bi Zbg|htii bhn ~byz hqmsin bgz liegia g` hlehzvbiomyz v|mnyj~gm`//bi bgoziea ngz~g`j~ew |ivyngh~in ~bi jbh|ci%h`n he~bmycb sg~`izziz si|i l|mycb~ am|sh|n% sbm z~h~in ~bh~ bi bhn g`~big| v|izi`ji nijeh|in bgz hnmv~gm` ma ~bi zvy|gmyz ~ir~% ma sbgjb bishz ~bi lih|i|% wi~ hz ~bi|i shz |ihzm` ~m zyzvij~ ~bi agnieg~w ma ~big|iqgni`ji% ~bi Zbiihb ngqg`iz si|i ngzvmzin ~m cgqi bgo ~bi li`iag~ mabgz v|izi`~ ngzhqmshe. Ha~i| oyjb ngzjyzzgm` ~bi Zmm`ii ehs/maagji|z

hndyncin ~bi jyev|g~ ~m li jm`qgj~in ma lehzvbiow ! vhzzin zi`~i`ji manih~b m` bgo hjjm|ng`cew% sbgei ~bi Zbiihbz |i~y|`in h qi|ngj~% ~bh~ bishz m`ew cyge~w ma ~bi ngzziog`h~gm` ma lehzvbiow ! eghlei g`jm`zixyi`ji ~m `m bihqgi| vy`gzboi`~ ~bh` gov|gzm`oi`~ m|lh`gzboi`~. ^bi j|gog`heg~w ma m~bi| vh|~giz govegjh~in g` ~bi haahg| shz~bi` h|cyin% h`n ~bi zhoi ngaai|i`ji ma mvg`gm` shz amy`n ~m v|iqhgeli~sii` ~bi Zbiihb ! Zmm`ii ngqg`iz//~bi am|oi| hnog~~in ~bigovm|~h`ji ma hnmv~g`c oihzy|iz am| ~bi zyvv|izzgm` ma~bi Yzebi|izw% h`n |ijmooi`nin ~bh~ vh|~giz mvi`ew hqmsg`c hliegia g` ~bi irvij~in gooingh~i hnqi`~ ma ~bi Goho% zbmyen li|iomqin a|mo Ki|lgeh h`n @idia% sbgei ~bi Zmm`iiz y`h`gomyzewnijeh|in ~bh~ hee zyjb vh|~giz si|i cyge~w ma lehzvbiow ! zyldij~ ~m ~bivy`gzboi`~ ma nih~b. ^bi ngaai|i`~ mvg`gm`z bhqi lii` nyew |ijm|nin !h~~iz~in% h`n h |iai|i`ji m` ~bi zyldij~ sgee li gooingh~iew ohni ~mJm`z~h`~g`mvei lw B. I. @idgl Vhzbh% ~bi Vi|zgh` v|giz~ |iohg`g`c g`jm`ag`ioi`~% vi`ng`c ~bi |ijigv~ ma g`z~|yj~gm`z% hz ~m bgz ye~goh~ingzvmzhe.

G y`ni|z~h`n ~bh~ jm`zgni|hlei y`ihzg`izz gz licg``g`c ~m ngzvehw g~ziea

h~ Ki|lieh ! @idia% g` |ich|n ~m ~bi irvij~in oh`gaiz~h~gm` ma ~biGoho% h`n G ho hvv|ibi`zgqi ~bh~ ~bi oihzy|iz `ms g` v|mc|izz sgee|h~bi| g`j|ihzi ~bh` heehw ~bi irjg~ioi`~.[87_

cb Lyty|c ^gb|` g` bgz lgmc|hvbw ma Zbhgkb Bhzh` gl` Zbhgkb Dhfah|%Kzbga he/Cbg~#% s|g~iz4

H`n sbi` ~bi ch~bi|g`c ma ~bi Sheshz hzziolein g` ~bi v|izi`ji ma

~bi oya~g ma Lhcbnhn% ~bi oya~g nij|iin ~bi nih~b ma ~bi oh` [g.i.Oyee fHe_% `m~ hjjiv~g`c bgz |ivi`~h`ji. [Zbhgkb Bhzh`_ mvvmzin ~bgz%

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h`n g`z~|yj~in ~bh~ bi li jheein m` ~m |ivi`~% h`n zhgn% ,Ga bi |ivi`~z% bgz|ivi`~h`ji zbmyen li hjjiv~in hjjm|ng`c ~m

882 DMY\@HE MA VI\ZGH@ Z^YNGIZ

~bi Zbh|f., ^bi ~sm ngzvy~in am| h em`c ~goi y`~ge [Zbhgkb Bhzh`_v|mqin bgz jhzi hjjm|ng`c ~m ~bi Bh`ha zjbmme ma ehs% h`nniom`z~|h~in g~ ~b|mycb ~big| lmmkz. H`n bi bhn qgj~m|w mqi| ~bi oya~gg` ~bh~ hzziolew.[

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qhy`~in qgj~m|w mqi| Zhwwgn Ohbon= Jmyen g~ li ~bh~% ha~i| hee ~bi yehoh#zs|h`ceg`c mqi| sbh~ zbmyen li ~big| h~~g~yni zbmyen Oyee fHe |ivi`~% bi|iayzin ~m nm zm sbi` zyoom`in ~m ~bi jmy|~=

^bi Ah~s

^biah~s gz h nmjyoi`~ oihzy|g`c 37.9 jo lw

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^BI ^\GHE MA OYEE fHE LHZ^O4 H JMOLG@IN ZY@@ /ZB fAH^S HCHG@Z^ ^BI LL 887

"8'

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Sbh~ nm ~bi yehoh ma ~bi Oyzegoz% ohw Cmn Heogcb~w cgqi qgj~m|w ~m ~bi|iegcgm` ~b|mycb ~bio% zhw jm`ji|`g`c h [eicheew_ |izvm`zglei oh` sbm bhzjmovmzin h lmmk h`n h||h`cin g~ g` z|hz h`n ohni ihjb z|h jm`zgz~ ma h zi~`yoli| ma qi|ziz h`n cgqi` g~ h ~g~ei= H`n bi bhz mvi`in oh`w ma ~bio sg~bngzjm``ij~in ei~~i|z ngaai|i`~ a|mo ~bmzi sg~b sbgjb zmoi ma ~bi z|hz ma ~bi@mlei Xy|#h` licg`. H`n g` ~bizi z|hz bi bhz ohni yzi ma Xy|#h`gj qi|zizh`n bhz ~hki` ~bi egli|~w ma hnng`c h`n zyl~|hj~g`c a|mo ~bio. H`n bi bhzg`~|mnyjin g` m`i [qi|zi_ ~bi i`ng`c ma h`m~bi| qi|zi h`n bi bhz jehgoin ~bh~~bgz shz |iqihein ~m bgo h`n [~bh~_ bi shz g`zvg|in sg~b g~. H`n g` g~ h|ivhzzhciz ~bh~ h|i v|mqmjh~gqi; h`n g` g~ h|i [vmzg~gqi_ jmooh`nz h`nv|mbglg~gm`z h`n h v|mzj|gv~gm` hchg`z~ ~bi yehoh ~ihjbg`c h`w~bg`c m~bi| ~bh`

g~; h`n g` g~ gz irhcci|h~gm` jm`ji|`g`c sbh~ gz nyi ~m zmoi ma ~bi [Bmew_Ahogew% ohw Cmn Heogcb~w li veihzin sg~b ~bio; h`n g` g~ h|i g``yoi|hleim~bi| zbhoiaye ~bg`cz. H`n g` g~ bi bhz zmoi~goiz jheein bgoziea ~bi\ioiol|h`ji "he/Nbgl|' h`n m~bi| ~goiz ~bi Ch~i "he/Ll'. H`n bi bhzv|mnyjin sbh~ zbmsz [~bh~ bi gz_ ohkg`c h omjki|w ma |iegcgm` h`n ohkg`cegcb~ ma ~bi Zbh|fh ma [Oybhoohn_ ~bi V|g`ji ma Oizzi`ci|z% ohw CmnHeogcb~w leizz bgo h`n bgz ahogew h`n hee ma bgz jmovh`gm`z. H`n zm gz bi h`y`liegiqi| lw qg|~yi ma hee ~bh~ si bhqi oi`~gm`in m| `m~= H`n gz ~bi m`i sbmbhz liegiqin g` bgo h`n bhz ei`~ bgo j|ini`ji g` ~bgz oh~~i| h`n bhz hzzgz~inbgo g` zv|ihng`c h`n v|mvhch~g`c g~ h`n bhz v|ihjbin g~ ~m ~bi vimvei h`

y`liegiqi| m| `m~= Cgqi yz h ah~s% ohw wmy li |ish|nin% h`n ~gcb~i` ~bi lie~ma |izmeqi "cmmn dyncioi`~' am| ~bi zhki ma ~bi qgj~m|w ma ~bi |iegcgm`.

Jmooi`~h|w4 ^bizi ag|z~ agqi eg`iz ma ~bi nmjyoi`~ |iv|izi`~ ~bilhzgj zy#he vh|~ ma ~bi ah~s. ^bi |iz~ ma ~bi ag|z~ bhea ma ~bi nmjyoi`~ jm`zgz~zma xym~h~gm`z ir~|hj~in a|mo ~bi jmvw ma ~bi Xhwwo he/hzoh#sbgjb OyeehfHe bhn l|mycb~ sg~b bgo% sbgjb h|i jg~in g` zyvvm|~ ma ~bi hlmqi jbh|ciz.

^byz ~bi zvijgagj jbh|ciz l|mycb~ hchg`z~ ~bi Ll ohw li zyooh|gtin4

"8' ^bh~ bi bhn v|mnyjin h lmmk ~bh~ |iziolein ~bi Xy|#h` g` g~z am|oh~% sg~bzy|hz% qi|ziz% ngzjm``ij~in ei~~i|z% i~j.

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">' ^bh~ bi bhz irhcci|h~in jm`ji|`g`c zmoi ma ~bi Bmew Ahogew.

"9' ^bh~ bi bhz ~i`nin ~m ohki egcb~ ma Gzeho h`n ~bi Zbh|fh% sbgeiirhcci|h~g`c ~bi govm|~h`ji ma bgz ms` s|g~g`cz h`n jmooh`nz.

^bi ah~sh hzkz am| ~sm zivh|h~i nijgzgm`z% m`i m` ~bi kya|"y`liegia' ma ~bihy~bm| ma ~bi sm|k h`n ~bi zijm`n m` ~bi xyiz~gm` ma bgz ameemsi|z.

^bi ~ir~ gz zmoisbh~ zy|v|gzg`c am| h nmjyoi`~ hnn|izzin ~m ~bi yehoh malm~b ~bi Zy`` h`n Zbf jmooy`g~giz g` ~bh~ g` ~sm vehjiz% g~ ~i`nz ~m zbms hniag`g~i Zy`` lghz4 ag|z~ew% g` ~bh~ g~ l|g`cz g` ~bi xyiz~gm` ma ,irhcci|h~gm`jm`ji|`g`c sbh~ gz nyi ~m zmoi ma ~bi [Bmew_ Ahogew,% h xyiz~gm` sbgjb

8

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Sg~b |izvij~ ~m ~bi zijm`n jbh|ci% ~bi|i gz h z~|gkg`c vh|heeie li~sii` ~bgzvhzzhci h`n Xy|#`% GQ% 811/34 ,Oizzi`ci|z l|g`cg`c cmmn ~gng`cz h`nsh|`g`cz% zm ~bh~ oh`kg`n ohw bhqi `m h|cyoi`~ hchg`z~ Cmn ha~i| [~bijmog`c ma_ ~bi oizzi`ci|z; Cmn gz ogcb~w h`n sgzi. Ly~ Cmn lih|z sg~`izz masbh~ Bi bhz |iqihein ~m wmy // Bi bhz zi`~ g~ nms` sg~b k`mseinci maBgoziea% h`n ~bi h`ciez hezm lih| sg~`izz. Cmn gz zyaagjgi`~ hz h sg~`izz(,

Zyvvm|~ am| ~bi ~bg|n jbh|ci gz hezm ~m li amy`n g` ~bgz vhzzhci sbi|i ~bi Llgz jeih|ew jehgog`c Ngqg`i \iqieh~gm`. Sm|nz zyjb hz hsbh h`n h`thehfheh h|i g`ir~|gjhlew lmy`n yv sg~b ~bi Oyzego qgis ma Ngqg`i \iqieh~gm`.@m oioli| ma ~bi yehoh jehzz jmyen |ihn zyjb h vhzzhci sg~bmy~ jmog`c ~m~bi jm`jeyzgm` ~bh~ g~z hy~bm| shz jehgog`c Ngqg`i \iqieh~gm`.

^bi ,Ch~iz, g` ~bgz vhzzhci gz h |iai|i`ji ig~bi| ~m ~bi ~|hng~gm`he amy| Llz ma

Zbf Gzeho m| Zbhgkb Hbohn he/Hbz# h`n Zhwwgn Khtgo \hzb~% ~bi Zbhgkbeihni|z sbm si|i hezm k`ms` hz Llz hom`c ~bi Zbhgkbz h`n ~bi Llz.[

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Am| irhovei% ~bi|i gz sbh~ bi bhz oi`~gm`in g` ~bi zy|i ^hB Zn[Z|h~ he/Nbgk|% ER% 88_4 Zhw4 ~bi ~|y~b gz |iqihein ~m oi // wmy| Cmn gz m`i Cmn% h`n~bi|i gz `m Cmn ly~ Bi. H`n qi|gew% G ho ~bi zi|qh`~ ma Cmn sbm shz zii` g`~bi ognz~ ma ~bi Ly|`g`c Lyzb "ag|i'. [q. 8_ Cmn bhz zi`~nms` ~bi lmmk ~m wmy sg~b ~bi ~|y~b g` m|ni| ~bh~ wmy ohw dynci hom`c ~biliegiqi|z sg~b dyz~gji jm`ji|`g`c ~bh~ sbgjb Cmn bhz zbms` wmy ma bgz zgc`z%g` m|ni| ~bh~ wmy ohw ~y|` hshw a|mo ~bi vimvei ma Zgdd` h`n g~z [=Bgz zgc`z#_mvvm`i`~z; h`n% qi|gew% wmy| Em|n sh~jbiz mqi| hee ~bg`cz.

Jmooi`~h|w4 Sg~b |ich|n ~m ~bi zijm`n jbh|ci% ~bh~ ma jm||yv~g`c Xy|#`gj

vhzzhciz% ~bi|i h|i ziqi|he irhoveiz ma vh|heeiez sg~b ~bi Xy|#` g` ~bgzxym~h~gm`. Q. 88 vh|heeiez RRG% 8674

,Zhw% G~ gz |iqihein ~m oi ~bh~ wmy| Cmn gz M`i Cmn,.

Q. 8< hvv|mrgoh~iz ~m RRQ% bhz vh|heeiez ~m GQ% 8614

,G`niin% Si bhqi zi`~ nms` ~bi lmmk ~m wmy sg~b ~bi ~|y~b% g` m|ni| ~bh~ wmyohw dynci li~sii` ~bi vimvei,.

Sg~b |ich|n ~m ~bi ~i|oz yzin g` ~bgz vhzzhci% g~ zbmyen li `m~in ~bh~ he/Byddhgz m`i ma ~bi ~g~eiz ma ~bi Bgnni` ^siea~b Goho h`n ~byz q. 8< ohw li~|h`zeh~in% ,Egz~i` ~m ~bi jhee ma ~bi Bgnni` Goh` [jmog`c_ a|mo ~bi Ll.,

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H`m~bi| irhovei gz sbh~ bi bhz oi`~gm`in g` ~bi z|hHega Eo Oo

fHw` [Z|h~ he/ Shbnh% REGGG%

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"9'

H`m~bi| irhovei gz g` ~bi z|h Ka B W Eo [Z|h~ he/Yew ERGG% 8

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Jmooi`~h|w4 ^bgz gz h`m~bi| vhzzhci g`~i`nin v|goh|gew ~m v|mqi ~bi zijm`njbh|ci. ^bi vb|hzi fhe ah~|h~ he/|yzye mjjy|z g` ~bi Xy|~h`% Q%

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H`n h`m~bi| irhovei gz sbh~ bi bhz oi`~gm`in g` ~bi zy|i ^ Z` [Z|h~ he/\hboh% ERGGG% 8_4 Si bhqi zi`~ nms` ~bgz lmmk ~m wmy ~bh~ ~bi vimvei ohwk`ms ~bi ~|y~b ma ~bi \ioiol|h`ji% h`n Bi gz Cmn sbm bhz lii` sg~`izz ~mhee ~bg`cz. [q.

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Am| ~|yew ~bi vimvei bhqi `m~ ~bi zegcb~iz~ k`mseinci ma ~bi lmmk.

Jmooi`~h|w4 ^bizi qi|ziz xym~in a|mo ~bi Z|h~ he/\hboh ma ~bi Xhwwohe/Hzo#h|i ayee ma vh|heeiez sg~b ~bi Xy|#h`. Q. < vh|heeiez Xy|#h`% Q% 2>4,Sbi` ~biw bih| sbh~ bhz lii` zi`~ nms` ~m ~bi oizzi`ci|% wmy zii ~big|iwiz mqi|aemsg`c sg~b ~ih|z,.

Ly~ g` ~bi Xy|#` ~bgz qi|zi gz lig`c hvvegin ~m ~bi Disz h`n Jb|gz~gh`z%sbi|ihz g` ~bi Xhwwo he/hzo#~bi ~hleiz h|i% lw govegjh~gm`% ~y|`in h`n ~biqi|zi gz lig`c hvvegin ~m ~bi Oyzegoz // sbgjb oyz~ bhqi vh|~gjyeh|ew cheein~bi yehoh.

Q. 87 vh|heeiez Q% 8694 ,Sbi` g~ gz zhgn ~m ~bio% #Jmoi ~m sbh~ Cmn bhz zi`~

nms` h`n ~m ~bi oizzi`ci|#% ~biw |ivew% #Sbh~ si amy`n my| am|iah~bi|zv|hj~gzg`c gz zyaagjgi`~ am| yz#. Sbh~ g`niin( Iqi` ~bmycb ~big| am|iah~bi|zsi|i ~m~heew sg~bmy~ k`mseinci% h`n si|i `m~ cygnin h|gcb~=

Q. :: vh|heeiez Q% 888; ,[\ijhee_ sbi` Cmn zhgn% #M Dizyz zm` ma Oh|w%|ioioli| ow lmy`~w ~m wmy h`n ~m wmy| om~bi|% sbi` G hzzgz~in wmy sg~b ~biBmew Zvg|g~ g` zvihkg`c ~m ~bi vimvei g` ~bi j|hnei h`n hz h` hnye~. H`n [|ijhee_sbi` G ~hycb~ wmy ~bi lmmk h`n ~bi sgznmo#,.

Hezm govegjg~ g` ~bizi xym~h~gm`z gz h jehgo ~m Ngqg`i \iqieh~gm`% izvijgheew g`

qq. 8% 87 h`n

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8 DMY\@HE MA VI\ZGH@ Z^YNGIZ

H`n h`m~bi| irhovei gz sbh~ gz g` ~bi z|hHega Eo Oo Xa[Z|h~ he/Cbhgl%ERQ%

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sbmo ~bi|i gz `m m~bi| Cmn. Lw wmy| Em|n( Wmy zbhee `m~ li hlei ~m v|mnyji~bi egki ma iqi` zmoi ma g~z zylz~h`jiz sg~bmy~ [~bi hzzgz~h`ji ma_ Cmn% ~biHee/Bgcb. H`n Cmn bhz vmsi| mqi| hee ~bg`cz.

Jmooi`~h|w4 ^bizi ~sm qi|ziz bhqi z~|m`c Xy|#`gj mqi|~m`iz. Ja. GG% 4,H`n ga wmy h|i g` nmyl~ jm`ji|`g`c sbh~ Si bhqi zi`~ nms` ~m My| zi|qh`~%~bi` v|mnyji h z|h egki g~% h`n jhee yvm` wmy| sg~`izz hvh|~ a|mo Cmn% ga wmyzvihk ~bi ~|y~b,.

H`n R% :24 ,M| nm ~biw zhw% #Bi bhz g`qi`~in g~(# Zhw% #^bi` v|mnyji h z|hegki g~% h`n jhee yvm` sbmozmiqi| wmy h|i hlei hvh|~ a|mo Cmn% ga wmy zvihk~bi ~|y~b,.

G~ gz `m~gjihlei ~bh~ ~bi Ll gz eicg~goh~g`c bgz ms` jehgo lw ohkg`c ~bi zhoi|ivew ~bh~ Oybhoohn ohni ~m bgz jbheei`ci|z% ~bi|ilw ~y|`g`c ~bi ~hleiz m`~bi yehoh.

"7'

H`n h`m~bi| irhovei gz sbh~ bi bhz oi`~gm`in g` ~bi z|h Ka B#Oo [Z|h~ he/Zhl|% EGGG :8_4 H`n zm egz~i` ~m sbh~ bhz lii` |iqihein ~m wmya|mo wmy| Em|n. Qi|gew% wmy si|i ~bi G`~i|emjy~m| m` libhea ma ~bi m`i ~|yiCmn m` ~bi omy`~hg` [g.i. Zg`hg_. H`n Bi gz Cmn sbm bhz vmsi| mqi| hee~bg`cz.

Hz ah| hz sbi|i bi zhwz [q.

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^BI ^\GHE MA OYEE fHE LHZ^O4 H JMOLG@IN ZY@@ /ZB fAH^S HCHG@Z^ ^BI LL 8

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shz liam|i wmy% hz h oi|jw h`n cehn ~gng`cz ~m ~bi ahg~baye zi|qh`~z. Bi sbmbhz ~bi jmqi`h`~ ma Cmn g` Bgz \ioiol|h`ji% gz bi sbm shz cgqi` hjmqi`h`~ g` ~bi bih|~ ma ~bi [Zg`hg~gj_ Ag|i.

Jmooi`~h|w4 ^bi|i h|i ziqi|he Xy|#`gj vh|heeiez bi|i. Q. < vh|heeiez RRRGQ%4 ,H`n sbi` Si ohni h jmqi`h`~ sg~b ~bi Jbgen|i` maGz|hie% #Wmy zbhee sm|zbgv `m`i irjiv~ Cmn% h`n nihe kg`new sg~b vh|i`~z#,.

Q.

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8

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sm|n. [q. :_ Cmn bhz cgqi` ~bi cehn/~gng`cz ~m ~bmzi liegiqi|z sbm bhqivi|am|oin |gcb~imyz niinz ~bh~ ~biw bhqi h cmmn h`n vei`~imyz |ish|n sg~b~bi Ch~i "Ll' a|mo ~bi Ch~i. [q. >_ H`n si bhqi |iqihein ~m wmy ~bgz lmmka|mo my| ~m`cyi g` m|ni| ~bh~ wmy ohw ~|yew dynci hom`c ~bi vimvei g` ~bijhyzi ma ~bi Ll. H`n qi|gew Cmn gz g`am|oin ma ~bi sm|enz.

Jmooi`~h|w4 Q. < gz xym~in bi|i g` zyvvm|~ ma ~bi ~bg|n jbh|ci% ~bh~ majehgog`c Ngqg`i \iqieh~gm` izvijgheew hz g~ z~|m`cew |izioleiz h qi|zi ma ~biXy|#` sbgjb |iai|z ~m ~bi Xy|#` g~ziea% RQGGG%

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Hz ah| hz sbi|i bi zhwz [q. 2_4 H`n sbmiqi| jbh`ciz [iqi`_ h ei~~i| ma ~biAy|x` h`n ~bgz lmmk ~m h`m~bi| ei~~i|% bi zbhee bhqi ngzliegiqin g` Cmn bgzEm|n% h`n Cmn zbhee `m~ hjjiv~ h`w ma bgz sm|kz% h`n bgz bhlg~h~gm` zbhee libiee/ag|i% hjjm|ng`c ~m ~bi nij|ii m|nhg`in g` ~bi lmmk. [q. 7_ H`n ~biw sbmjm`jihe vh|~ ma ~bi ei~~i|z ma

^BI ^\GHE MA OYEE fHE LHZ^O4 H JMOLG@IN ZY@@ /ZB fAH^S HCHG@Z^ ^BI LL 8

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H`n h`m~bi| irhovei gz sbh~ bi shz oi`~gm`in g` ~bi Z|h~ he/H`s|% licg``g`c sg~bHega Eo Oo Xa[RRQGG% 8::_4 6 liegiqi|z( Aih|

Cmn g` bgz sm|n ma ~|y~b% am| Cmn bhz i`dmg`in yvm` ~bi Oyzegoz ~bi~|h`zog~~g`c ma [~bgz_ jhyzi ~m hee jmy`~|giz. Zm gzzyi am|~b a|mo wmy|bmoieh`nz h`n zyoom` ~bi vimvei lw ~bgz omz~ c|ih~ lmmk ~m ~bi bmew eh`n.H`n ga wmy h|i `m~ hlei ~m nm ~bgz% s|g~i ~bi ~ir~ m` sbg~i zbii~z ma vhvi| sg~bg`k ma vy|i |in cmen ~m iqi|w jmy`~|w a|mo ~bi ihz~ ma ~bi ih|~b ~m ~bi siz~~bi|ima. H`n ~bi nij|ii ma Cmn g` ~bgz oh~~i| gz g`niin ziqi|i. [q. 8>_ 6Jm`jmy|zi ma Yehoh( Qi|gew Cmn bhz am|lgnni` ha~i| [~bi jmog`c ma_ ~bgzlmmk ~bi ~ihjbg`c ma h`w~bg`c m~bi| ~bh` g~. ^ihjb ~bi vimvei ~bi ehsz ma ~bilmmk h`n ~y|` ~bio hshw a|mo i||m|% ~bi lhzieizz lmmkz hom`c wmy. Am| ~bilmmk ma Cmn gz ~bi ~|y~b h`n Bi gz Cmn sbm sh~jbiz mqi| sbh~ wmy nm.

Jmooi`~h|w4 ^bizi qi|ziz h|i hezm xym~in bi|i ~m zyvvm|~ ~bi hjjyzh~gm` ~bh~~bi Ll bhz g`~|mnyjin zy`n|w jmooh`nz h`n v|mbglg~gm`z h`n% g` vh|~gjyeh|%~bi v|mbglg~gm` ~m ~bi yehoh ma ~ihjbg`c h`w~bg`c m~bi| ~bh` ~bi Ll#z lmmk. A88 mog~z ~bi ag|z~ vh|~ ma q. 8: h`n licg`z glegcb he/ho| ge . . . ^bi Xh#g`h~oz. hc|iiz sg~b ~biah~s nmjyoi`~. ^bi g`dy`j~gm`4 ,Zyoom` ~bi vimvei . . .~m ~bi bmew eh`n%, ohw li h` heeyzgm` ~m ~bi Ll#z jhee am| bgz ameemsi|z ~mhzziolei h~ Kh|lheh "zii ameemsg`c zij~gm`% ^bi Ll#z Jbh`ci ma Veh`

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"89'

H`n h`m~bi| irhovei gz sbh~ bi bhz oi`~gm`in g` ~bi z|h Ka B# W#fHw` [Z|h~ he/By||gwwh% RRGR% 1'4 6 liegiqi|z( Nm `m~ jhee my~ ~m ~bi\ioiol|h`ji a|mo libg`n bgz bmyzi% am| ~bh~ gz h zg` g` ~bi Lmmk ma Cmn h`nwmy m`ew k`ms zmoi gzmeh~in oh~~i|z a|mo ~bi k`mseinci ma ~bi Lmmk. [q. 3_6 liegiqi|z( Nm `m~ |hgzi wmy| qmgjiz hlmqi ~bi qmgji ma ~bi \ioiol|h`jih`n% g` shekg`c sg~b bgo% nm `m~ hvv|mhjb y`~ge bi vi|og~z wmy h`n

8

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H`n h`m~bi| irhovei gz sbh~ bi bhz oi`~gm`in g` ~bi Z|h~ he/o`% h`n g~bhz am|~w qi|ziz. [GGG% 3_4 Si|i ~bgz lmmk ~m bhqi lii` |iqihein lw h`w ly~Cmn% ~biw smyen ag`n g` g~ jm`~|hngj~gm`z. [q. 2_ H`n v|hgzin li ~m my| Em|n

Cmn% `m~bg`c gz bgnni` a|mo Bgo g` ih|~b m| g` bihqi`% h`n iqi|w~bg`c sbgjbsi bhqi ~bmycb~ jm`jihein g` ~bgz lmmk shz g`niin |ijm|nin sg~b Cmn. [q. 86_Si bhqi g` ~|y~b |iqihein ~m my| zi|qh`~ ~bgz lmmk a|mo Cmn% h`n si bhqivehjin g` g~ qi|ziz ~bh~ h|i jeih| h`n y`holgcymyz. H`n `m m`i k`msz g~zirveh`h~gm` irjiv~ Cmn h`n ~bmzi ma my| vy|i zi|qh`~z sbmo si sgzb. Zmxyiz~gm` ~bi \ioiol|h`ji jm`ji|`g`c g~z irveh`h~gm` am| bi gz% lw Cmn#zlmy`~w h`n ~b|mycb ~bi nij|ii ma ~bi lmmk% g`am|oin ma "m|% k`mseincihleihlmy~' g~z qi|ziz.

Jmooi`~h|w4 ^bgz vhzzhci bhz lii` g`zi|~in ~m zyvvm|~ ~bi jbh|ci ~bh~ ~biLl bhz jehgoin Ngqg`i \iqieh~gm`. G` ~bi Xh~g`h~ oz. h`n A 8 8% ~bgz z|hlicg`z4 Z|h~ he/o` sh bgwh g~b`h~ sh h|lhf` [wh_

"83'

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H`n h`m~bi| irhovei gz sbh~ bi bhz oi`~gm`in g` ~bi Z|h~ he/Ohn`h h`n g~bhz am|~w qi|ziz h`n licg`z sg~bHega Eo Oo ^# B#"GQ% 89'4 6 Vimvei ma~bi Jg~w [m| Oing`h_ h`n ~bmzi h|my`n g~ ma ~bi H|hlz( Sbh~ gz ~bi oh~~i| sg~bwmy= Sbw ngn wmy y`dyz~ew ngzliegiqi vylegjew g` Oybhoohn ha~i| bgz nih~b=[q. 81_ Ngn Cmn h`n Bgz v|mvbi~ `m~ g`niin ma~i` i`~i| g`~m h jmqi`h`~ sg~bwmy jm`ji|`g`c ~bi zyjjizzm|zbgv ma bgz cyh|ngh`

^BI ^\GHE MA OYEE fHE LHZ^O4 H JMOLG@IN ZY@@ /ZB fAH^S HCHG@Z^ ^BI LL 8

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ag|i% g` sbgjb wmy zbhee |iohg` am|iqi|. [q.

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H`n h`m~bi| irhovei gz sbh~ bi bhz oi`~gm`in g` ~bi Z|h~ he/Tgw|h sbgjbbhz am|~w/~sm qi|ziz [QGG% 8/:_4 ^h Zg`. Cmn bhz jhyzin ~bi Ay|xh` ~m li zi`~nms` yvm` my| \ioiol|h`ji g` m|ni| ~bh~ g~ ohw li cehn ~gng`cz ~m ~bism|enz h`n h sh|`g`c yvm` ~bi z~|hgcb~ vh~b.

Hz ah| hz sbi|i bi zhwz [q. 1_4 H`n Cmn bhz jbmzi` Byzhg` a|mo hom`c bgzzi|qh`~z h`n bhz ~|yew ohni bgo h` Goo h`n oh|~w|% h`n sbi` bimy~z~|gvvin bgz l|m~bi|z% bi shz h qigein ei~~i| ma ~bi k`mseinci ma ~bi Hee/Oi|jgaye h`n shz jm`jihein sg~bg` ~bi bgnni` |ms ma ~bi g``i|omz~ zij|i~.H`n qi|gew Cmn bhz jmovei~in Bgz lmy`~w yvm` Byzhg` h`n bgz zyjjizzm|z lw

ohkg`c ~big| zyvi|gm|g~w mqi| ~bi sm|enz ~m li egki Bgz ms`. H`n Bi "g.i. Cmn'g~ gz sbm bhz hjjiv~in ~bi m`i sbm qgzg~z bgo "g.i. h~ Byzhg`#z zb|g`i' hz

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bhqg`c qgzg~in ~bi m`i ~|yi Cmn Bgoziea; h`n bhz jheein bgz "g.i. Byzhg`#z'lh~~eiagien g` ~|y~b Bgz "g.i. Cmn#z' ~b|m`i. H`n ~bi|i gz `m Cmn ly~ Bi% sbm gz~|yew sg~bmy~ gog~h~gm`% h`n Cmn bhz `m~ nij|iin h` irveh`h~gm` am| h zg`ceiei~~i| ma Bgz zij|i~.

H`n zm am|~b ma ~bgz |yllgzb sbgjb nmiz `m~ ioh`h~i a|mo m`i sbmzi lmzmoCmn Heogcb~w bhz ehgn mvi` ~m [~bi hjjiv~h`ji ma_ Gzeho% h`n m` sbmzi bih|~Bi bhz s|g~~i` ahg~b. G~ gz bmvin ~bh~ ihjb zi|qh`~ sgee v|mqgni h |ivew g`s|g~g`c. ^bi|ilw zbhee ~bi|i li am| wmy h vei`~imyz |ish|n a|mo my| c|ih~Em|n% cem|gagin gz Bgz Jhyzi h`n ohc`gagin Bgz zmqi|igc`~w.

8:6 DMY\@HE MA VI\ZGH@ Z^YNGIZ

Jmooi`~h|w4 ^bi z~h~ioi`~z ohni |ich|ng`c Byzhg` g` ~bgz xym~h~gm` h|iir~|ioi iqi` lw Zbf z~h`nh|nz ly~ h|i g` jm`am|og~w sg~b ~bi ir~|ioiqi`i|h~gm` am| ~bi Gooz ~bh~ shz h aih~y|i ma ~bi Zbhgkb omqioi`~. ^bii`iogiz ma ~bi Zbhgkbz hjjyzin ~bio ma liegiqg`c g` ~hasn"~bi nieich~gm` maCmn#z h~~|gly~iz ~m m~bi| ~bh` Cmn' h`n g` vh|~gjyeh| ma bmeng`c ~bi Gooz ~m

li jm/j|ih~m|z ma ~bi sm|en sg~b Cmn.[

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^bi H`zsi|% h`n g~ gz Cmn% v|hgzin h`n irhe~in gz Bi% [sbm gz_ ~bi Cgqi| maCygnh`ji hz ~m sbh~ gz |gcb~

G` ~bi `hoi ma Cmn% ~bi Oi|jgaye% ~bi Jmovhzzgm`h~i( Sbm jh` li om|i iqge~bh` ~bi m`i sbm bhz ahl|gjh~in h egi hchg`z~ Cmn m| bhz zhgn Bi "g.i. Cmn' bhz|iqihein ~m oi% sbi` `m~bg`c bhz lii` |iqihein ~m bgo. V|hgzi li ~m Cmn sbmbhz v|m~ij~in ~bi z|hz ma V|mvbijw a|mo ~bi hzzhye~ ma egh|z h`n bhz |i`ni|in~bmzi zkgeein g` iqi|w kg`n ma iemxyi`ji // g` zvg~i ma ~big| hlgeg~giz // y`hlei ~ml|g`c ~bi egki ma [iqi`_ ~bi zbm|~iz~ ma ~bi z|hz ma Bgz jeih| Lmmk. H`nleizzg`cz h`n vihji li yvm` my| Em|n% Oybhoohn% ~bi Zihe ma ~bi V|mvbi~z

h`n ~bi egcb~ zbg`g`c a|mo ~bi nhs`g`c/vehjiz ma lmy`~w mqi| ~bi vhciz mairgz~i`ji sbi|i ~bi|i gz `ig~bi| h`cie `m| Dg`` `m| oh`kg`n `m| ih|~b `m|bihqi`% h`n yvm` bgz vy|i ahogew h`n bgz ~|yi jmovh`gm`z sbm nwin ~big|sbg~i zsm|nz h`n ~big| leyi zvih|z sg~b ~bi lemmn ma he/Hzshn he/fH`z h`nOyzhgegoh ~bi Egh|. Bms ma~i` ~biw si|i

^BI ^\GHE MA OYEE fHE LHZ^O4 H JMOLG@IN ZY@@ /ZB f

AH^S HCHG@Z^ ^BI LL 8:8

zyoom`in g` ~bi vhz~ am| ~bi hzzgz~h`ji ma ~bi |iegcgm` h`n ~biw jmovegin%lig`c `ig~bi| sihk `m| govm~i`~ h`n bms siee ~biw ngn% vi|am|og`c ~bic|ih~iz~ sm`ni|z(

H`n ~m v|mjiin% ~bi|i jh` li `m ngzhc|iioi`~ "eg~i|heew% `m ~sm |hoz zbmyenly~~ ihjb m~bi| `m| h`w ~sm vi|zm`z ngzvy~i' mqi| ~bi ngzliegia ma ~bgz iqge oh``m| egkisgzi mqi| ~bi ngzliegia ma ~bmzi sbm bhqi liegiqin g` bgo h`n cgqi`

bgo j|ini`ji |ich|ng`c ~bizi sm|nz. Bi bhz l|mycb~ kg`nz ma ngzliegia hchg`z~sbgjb ~bi liegiqi| gz h`ci|in "eg~i|heew% l|ihkz ~bi zmjki~z ma h||msz'. G`niin%~bi zi`zglgeg~w ma h`wm`i sbm bhz g` bgz bihn zm oyjb hz ~bi bihn ma h c|hg` masbih~ m| h bhg| ma zi`zi zb|g`kz lhjk a|mo ~bio. H`n G jm`zgni| ~bh~ ~bioh~~i|% m` hjjmy`~ ma g~z zgovei`izz% bhz `m `iin ma h|cyoi`~h~gm`; `m| nmiz g~`iin% m` hjjmy`~ ma g~z ir~|ioi mlqgmyz`izz // iqi` ga ~bi m`i sbm bih|n g~si|i ~m li z~yvgn // h v|mem`ch~gm` ma ngzjyzzgm`. H`n ~bi|i gz zmoi~bg`chogzz hom`c ~bi `m~hleiz sbi` ~bi om|`g`c bhz `iin ma v|mma. ^bi v|yni`~~bg`c [~m nm_ gz ~m dmg` ~bgz y`liegiqi| ~m bgz ~sm l|m~bi|z% [Oyzhgegoh_ ~bi Egh|

h`n [he/Hzshn_ ~bi Em|n ma ~bi Hzz% h`n ohki h` irhovei ma sbmiqi| bhzhzzgz~in g` ~bi zv|ihng`c ma bgz jhyzi lw sm|n m| niin% zm ~bh~ ~bi vi|jiv~gqi

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ohw ~hki jmc`gth`ji. H`n G jm`zgni| g~ h zing~gm`% ~bi iqge ma sbgjb sgee c|msg` ~bi ihz~z ma ~bi ih|~b h`n ~bi siz~z ~bi|ima. H`n oh`w ma ~bi sihk/og`ninsgee hvmz~hzgti m` hjjmy`~ ma g~% si|i g~ ~m li cgqi` h a|ii |ig` "eg~i|heew% si|ig~z |mvi ~m li eia~ m` g~z sg~bi|z'. H`n si hzk Cmn Heogcb~w am| v|m~ij~gm`a|mo ~bh~ sbgjb si smyen |ic|i~(

H`n ~bi zi|qh`~ sbm gz g` `iin ma bgz Em|n% cem|gagin gz Bgz haahg|% ZhwwgnOhbon% Oya~ g` Lhcbnhn . . . ohw bgz Em|n% ~bi G`am|oin% ~bi Kg`n M`i%am|cgqi bgo% bhz s|g~~i` [~bgz_.

Jmooi`~h|w4 Hly#e/^bh`% Zhwwgn Ohbon Zbgbl he/N` gl` Zhwwgn fHlnHeeb he/Hez "826' shz ~bi omz~ v|mog`i`~ ma ~bi `g`i~ii`~b/ji`~y|wZy``g G|hxg yehoh. Bi |iohg`z ahomyz hz h ~|hng~gm`gz~ h`n hz ~bi hy~bm| ma

h ^haz|. Bi shz oynh||gz h~ ~bi Ohn|hzh he/Hfthogwwh am| am|~w wih|z% h`nOya~ ma Lhcbnhn a|mo 82-82:

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Wiz% ~bgz hjjy|zin s|i~jb bhz ngzliegiqin% h`n zgogeh|ew ~bmzi bi|i~gjz sbmbhqi liegiqin g` bgo. ^biw h|i hee sm|~bw ma nih~b hjjm|ng`c ~m ~bi Ehs"Zbh|gfh'ma ~bi Zihe ma ~bi V|mvbi~z h`n ma ~bi Hvmz~eiz. ^bi m`i sbm gz`iinw ma Bgo% cem|gagin gz Bgz haahg|% Oybhoohn Zhfn% am|oi|ew Oya~ ma

Lhcbnhn [bhz s|g~~i` ~bgz_.

Jmooi`~h|w4 Zhwwgn Oybhoohn Zhfn gl` Oybhoohn Ho` he/^hlhxdhe% hoioli| ma m`i ma ~bi v|mog`i`~ ahogegiz ma yehoh g` Lhcbnhn. Bi shz Oya~g` 81-82:6% h`n ngin m` 8: Zbhsshe 8

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Jmooi`~h|w4 Zhwwgn fHln he/Cbh` he/Dhoe% lm|` g` Nby#e/Xhfnh 887> -@mqioli| 8326. H` fego% vmi~% jheegc|hvbgz~ h`n am|oi| Oya~ "83-82:8'ma Lhcbnhn% h`n a|mo m`i ma ~bi v|mog`i`~ ahogegiz ma Lhcbnhn; bi ngin m` 7Nby#e/Bgddh 8

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Jmooi`~h|w4 Gzofe he/Lh|th`d% h @hxzblh`n zbhgkb% ngin m` 9 Zbhsshe8

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Sbmzm ahl|gjh~iz hchg`z~ Cmn zyjb h ahezibmmn gz h` y`liegiqi|% sg~bmy~nmyl~ sm|~bw ma nih~b. [S|g~~i` lw_ ^bi m`i sbm gz `iinw ma Bgo% cem|gagin gzBgz Haahg|% Zhwwgn fHeg h~ v|izi`~@hxl he/Hzb|hama Lhcbnhn% m` libhea ma~bi oynh||gz` ma ~bi ema~w zih~ ma zmqi|igc`~w.

Jmooi`~h|w4 Zhwwgn fHe he/Ke`% nizji`nh`~ ma fHln he/Xng| he/Ke`%lijhoi@hxl he/Hzb|hag` 88 h`n shz cyh|ngh` ma hee~bi shxav|mvi|~giz ma ~bi Ke`gwwh omzxyi; bi ngin m` \hlf he/Hsshe8

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Jmooi`~h|w4 V|mlhlew Oybhoohn Ahgn gl` Hbohn gl` Bhzh` Lhgk he/Thbsoynh||gz h~ he/fHegwwh "lm|` g` 8

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V|hgzin h`n irhe~in li Bi a|mo sbh~ ~biw dmg` hz vh|~`i|z ~m Bgo( ^bi Zih ma^|y~bz h`n Og`i ma Ni~hgez% ~bi lheh`ji ma ~bi Zbh|f h`n ~bi Ohz~i| ma [eiche_v|g`jgveiz h`n oh~~i|z ma hvvegjh~gm`% ~bi ^ihjbi| ma hee h`n ma oh`kg`n% h`n

~bi Ieiqi`~b G`~ieeij~ "g.i. Zhwwgn Ohbon' gz |gcb~ jm`ji|`g`c ~bi y`liegia ma~bgz iqge oh`. Ohw Cmn cgqi yz |iayci a|mo bgz sgjkin`izz h`n a|ii yz a|mobgz nijiv~gm`( G ho ~bi `iinw Hly Lhk| he/@hxzblh`n he/Ohdnhs.

Jmooi`~h|w4 @m~ gni`~gagin% ly~ v|izyohlew h @hxzblh`n zbhgkb

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Lw ~bi Ogcb~w Xy|#`( ^bh~ sbgjb ~bgz hjjy|zin oh` bhz l|mycb~ gz bi|izw g`~bi [~|yi_ |iegcgm`% h`n hl|mch~gm` ma sbh~ ~bi Em|n ma ~bi Oizzi`ci|z bhzl|mycb~ ~m ~bi iaaij~ ~bh~ bi gz ~bi Oizzi`ci| ma Cmn h`n ~bi Zihe ma ~biV|mvbi~z. H`n zm liegia g` bgo gz kya|"y`liegia'% h`n ~bi|i gz `m nmyl~ hlmy~~bgz. ^bi m`i sbm gz `iinw ma Bgo% ohc`gagin gz Bgz haahg|% ^b gl` ZbhgkbHbohn% ~bi oynh||gz% [bhz s|g~~i` ~bgz_.

Jmooi`~h|w4 ^b gl` Zbhgkb Hbohn gl` Zbhgkb Oybhoohn Xzgo hz/Zh`h`nhd hz/Zh`hs% eh~i| xng maOmzye; ngin 8:66-822

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":

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Cmn am|lgn( Bi [Cmn_ bhz `m~ zi`~ nms` ~bi ~|yz~in [Bmew_ Zvg|g~ yvm` ~bgzhjjy|zin y`liegiqi|. H`n zm ~bi|i gz `m nmyl~ hlmy~ ~bi vi|ogzzglgeg~w makgeeg`c bgo h`n sbmiqi| bhz liegiqin g` bgo. ^bi m`i sbm gz `iinw ma Bgo%cem|gagin gz Bgz haahg|% Zhwwgn Oybhoohn Ho`% oynh||gz ma he/Bhn|h~ he/Xng|gwwh% bhz s|g~~i` ~bgz.

Jmooi`~h|w4 Zhwwgn Oybhoohn Ho` gl` Zhwwgn Oybhoohn he/Hnbhok`ms` hz he/Sfgt. Bi shz lm|` g` 8

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hom`c ~bmzi zkgeein g` m|h~gm`% he~bmycb ~biw li c|ih~i| g` `yoli| ~bh` ~biz~m`iz ma ~bi qheeiw h`n om|i `yoi|myz ~bh` ~bi zh`nz ma Whooh h`n he/fH`z h`n ~bi nizi|~. ^bi|iam|i% bi bhz sh`ni|in g` ~bi vehji ma vi|ng~gm` h`nlii` ~b|ms` nms` g`~m ~bi hlwzz ma ahezibmmn. H`n sbmiqi| nmiz `m~ ohkiCmn bgz egcb~% bhz `m egcb~. Ohw Cmn zbie~i| yz h`n wmy a|mo ~bi vh~bz mavhzzgm`z% h`n cygni yz h`n wmy g` ~bi nh|k`izz ma i||m|( H`n G ho ~bi emsewW`gz% oynh||gz h~ ~bi Ohn|hzh he/Bhzh`gwwh.

Jmooi`~h|w4 Y`gni`~gagin.

":9'

Sbmiqi| bhz ahl|gjh~in ~bgz egi hchg`z~ Cmn Heogcb~w gz h` y`liegiqi| h`n%sg~bmy~ nmyl~% nizi|qg`c ma nih~b. ^bi m`i sbm gz `iinw ma Bgo% cem|gagin gzBgz haahg|. Oybhoohn Ho` he/@#gl [he/Zbh|f _ ma Lhcbnhn [bhz s|g~~i`~bgz_.

Jmooi`~h|w4 Zhwwgn Oybhoohn Ho` gl` Hbohn he/@h#gl% Xn "@#glZbh|f' ma Lhcbnhn% ngin g` 8

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G zhw ~bh~ ~bi|i gz `m nmyl~ hlmy~ ~bi y`liegia ma ~bi m`i sbm bhz ohni ~bgzjehgo h`n liegiqin g~. G ho ~bi m`i sbm gz `iinw ma Bgo% cem|gagin gz Bgzhaahg|% Ohbon he/@hxzblh`n he/Kbegn% oynh||gz h~ he/Bhn|h he/Hfthogwwh.

Jmooi`~h|w4 Ohbon he/@hxzblh`n l|m~bi| ma ~bi ahomyz Zbhgkb Kbegnhe/@hxzblh`n. Ly~ hjjm|ng`c ~m he/Nh|l%[:8_ Ohbon smyen bhqi lii`|izgng`c g` Nhohzjyz h~ ~bgz ~goi.

":3'

Lw Bgo sbm zi`~ Bgz oizzi`ci| sg~b \gcb~ Cygnh`ji h`n ^|yi \iegcgm`(^bgz hjjy|zin vi|zm` gz h` y`liegiqi| h`n% zgogeh|ew% sbmiqi| bhz liegiqin g`bgo h`n cgqi` [bgo_ j|ini`ji; ~biw h|i hee sm|~bw ma nih~b h`n ma Biee/ag|ih`n ma ~bi s|h~b ma Cmn% ~bi Heogcb~w% ~bi Hee/Zylnyg`c. ^bi m`i sbm gz`iinw ma Bgo% cem|gagin gz Bgz haahg|% Gl|bo% oynh||gz h~ ~bi Ohn|hzh he/Xgle`gwwh [bhz s|g~~i` ~bgz_. ^bi i`n.

jmooi`~h|wf4 ^bgz shz v|mlhlew Zhwwgn Gl|bo he/Lh|th`d% m`i ma ~biiog`i`~ oynh||gz` ma Lhcbnhn% he~bmycb he/Nh|l[:

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^bi|i gz `m nmyl~ hlmy~ ~bi y`liegia ma m`i sbm bhz ehgn jehgo ~m sbh~ gzs|g~~i` m` ~bgz `mleiah~s% `m| hlmy~ bgz nizi|qg`c nih~b% h`n ~bi m`i sbmkgeez bgo zbmyen li |ish|nin. G`niin% ~bi|i zbmyen li `m bizg~h~gm` g`

[nijeh|g`c_ ~bi y`liegia ma h`wm`i sbm shqi|z g` [nijeh|g`c_ ~bi y`liegia mazyjb h` hjjy|zin vi|zm` hz ~bgz h`n bgz nizi|qg`c h` i~i|`g~w g` Zgdd` "Biee'. Gbhqi s|g~~i` ~bgz sg~b ow |gcb~ bh`n% h`n yvm` g~ gz ow mh~b h`n hzziqi|h~gm`%h`n G ho ~bi m`i sbm gz `iinw ma ~bi Em|n ma C|hji% he/Bdd fHln he/\httxhe/Zbhssa% am|oi|ew oynh||gz h~ he/fHegwwh. ^bi i`n.

Jmooi`~h|w4 H oioli| ma ~bi iog`i`~ Zbhssa ahogew ma ~bi Kh|kbxyh|~i|; bgz zm` Zbhgkb ^b shz am| h em`c ~goi Oya~ h`n Xnma Lhz|h.Zbhgkb fHln he/\httx ngin g` 8

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^BI ^\GHE MA OYEE fHE LHZ^O4 H JMOLG@IN ZY@@ /ZB fAH^S HCHG@Z^ ^BI LL 8:3

G` ~bi `hoi ma Cmn( V|hgzi li ~m Cmn% h`n ohw Cmn leizz Oybhoohn h`n bgzahogew h`n bgz jmovh`gm`z( ^bi|i gz `m nmyl~ ~bh~ Cmn bhz m|nhg`in Gzehoh`n ohni g~z Zbh|fh ihzw am| ~bmzi sbm smyen i`~i| g~. H`n Bi bhz |i`ni|ing~z vgeeh|z ogcb~w hchg`z~ ~bmzi sbm smyen jm`~i`n sg~b g~% h`n ohni g~ h vehjima zhai~w am| sbmiqi| bhz hnbi|in ~m g~ h`n h |iayci am| sbmiqi| bhz i`~i|ing~% h`n vmsi| am| sbmiqi| bhz v|maizzin g~ h`n h sg~`izz ~m sbmiqi| bhzh|cyin lw g~% h`n y`ni|z~h`ng`c am| sbmiqi| bhz g`~ieegci`ji% h`ni`egcb~i`oi`~ am| sbmiqi| bhz vm`ni|in% h`n h` hzzy|h`ji am| ~bmzi sbm~|yz~% h`n h |ivmzi am| ~bmzi sbm jmoog~ ~biozieqiz. ^bgz% m` hjjmy`~ ma g~zmlqgmyz`izz% bhz `m `iin ma irvmzg~gm` m| ~bi l|g`cg`c am|~b ma v|mmaz h`n

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iqgni`jiz. Iqi|wm`i sbm mvvmziz ~bgz Zbh|f h`n jehgoz zyjb ahezibmmnz m|zyjb jm`jmj~in vb|hziz h`n jm||yv~in sm|nz m| zyjb vi|qi|~in lmmkz h`nsm|~beizz zhwg`cz gz my~zgni ~bi |iegcgm` h`n ~bi vh~b ma [Oybhoohn_% ~biEm|n ma ~bi Oizzi`ci|z. H`n zm ~bi hy~bm| ma ~bizi sm|nz h`n ~bi m`i sbmliegiqiz g` ~bizi ~i`i~z h|i my~|gcb~ y`liegiqi|z. Zgc`in lw ~bi m`i sbm bmvizam| ~bi am|cgqi`izz ma bgz Em|n% Bhzh` zm` ma ~bi eh~i Zbhgkb Dhfah|.

Jmooi`~h|w4 Zbhgkb Bhzh` gl` Zbhgkb Dhfah|% Kzbga he/Cbg~#% he/@hdha shzlm|` g` @hdha g` 8

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">8'

8:2 DMY\@HE MA VI\ZGH@ Z^YNGIZ

G` ~bi `hoi ma Cmn% h`n v|hgzi li ~m Cmn% h`n ohw Cmn leizz Oybhoohn h`nbgz ahogew h`n bgz jmovh`gm`z( ^bi|i gz `m nmyl~ m| y`ji|~hg`~w hlmy~ ~biy`liegia ma ~bi m`i sbm bhz vy~ am|sh|n h jehgo ~b|mycb ~bizi jm||yv~ h`nsm|~beizz s|g~g`cz h`n bhz liegiqin g` ~bizi i||m`imyz h`n yzieizz liegiaz.^bi m`i sbm gz bmviaye ma ~bi am|cgqi`izz ma bgz Em|n% ~bi `iinw OybhoohnfHeg zm` ma . . . ohw Cmn am|cgqi ~bi zg`z ma ~bio lm~b% bhz s|g~~i` ~bgz.

Jmooi`~h|w4 ^bi gni`~g~w ma ~bgz oh` gz y`ji|~hg`.

" >

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G` ~bi `hoi ma Cmn% h`n ohw Cmn leizz Oybhoohn h`n bgz ahogew h`n bgzjmovh`gm`z( ^bi|i gz `m nmyl~ m| y`ji|~hg`~w hlmy~ ~bi y`liegia ma ~bi m`isbm bhz vy~ am|sh|n h jehgo ~b|mycb ~bizi s|g~g`cz h`n bhz liegiqin g` ~bizi~i`i~z. ^bi m`i sbm gz bmviaye ma ~bi am|cgqi`izz ma bgz Em|n% Oybhoohn ~bizm` ma ~bi eh~i Zbhgkb fHe% ohw Cmn am|cgqi bgo% bhz s|g~~i` ~bgz.

Jmooi`~h|w4 Oybhoohn gl` Zbhgkb fHe e Kzbga he/Cbg~#% he/@hdha% shz~bi `ivbis ma Zbhgkb Bhzh` "zii hlmqi'. H~ h eh~i| nh~i bi lijhoi m`i ma ~bieihng`coyd~hbgnz g` @hdha h`n oh|dfh he/~hxen. Bi ngin g` 8>'

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^bi ~ir~ ma ~bgz ah~sh gz qi|w lhnew ahnin% h`n m`ew h ais sm|nz jh` lingz~g`cygzbin. G~z hy~bm| jh``m~ li ni~i|og`in. Hz ah| hz jh` li zii`% g~ zhwz~bi ameemsg`c4

G` ~bi `hoi ma Cmn% ~bi Hee/Bgcb% ~bi Oi|jgaye . . . ^bi|i gz `m xyiz~gm` h`n`m nmyl~ ~bh~ bi sbm bhz liegiqin g` ~bizi jm||yv~ ~i`i~z h`n sm|~beizzahezibmmnz bhz ngzliegiqin . . .

^BI ^\GHE MA OYEE fHE LHZ^O4 H JMOLG@IN ZY@@ /ZB fAH^S HCHG@Z^ ^BI LL 8:7

">9'

G` ~bi `hoi ma Cmn Hee/Bgcb. Sbmiqi| bhz liegiqin ~bizi vi|qi|zi ~i`i~z h`n|iegin m` zyjb sm|~beizz i||m|z gz h` hjjy|zin y`liegiqi| ^bi m`i sbm gz

`iinw ma Cmn% sbm gz g`nivi`ni`~ ma hee% Ohbn gl` Zbhgkb fHe ohw [Cmn_

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am|cgqi bgo% bhz s|g~~i` ~bgz.

Jmooi`~h|w4 Ohbn gl` Zbhgkb fHe% e Kzbga he/Cbg~#% he/@hdha% shz hwmy`ci| l|m~bi| ma Zbhgkb Oybhoohn "zii hlmqi'. H~ h eh~i| nh~i% ha~i| ~binih~b ma Zbhgkb Oy|~hn he/H`z|% Zbhgkb Ohbn lijhoi ~bi eihng`c fego ma~bi Zbf sm|en h`n oh|dhf he/~hxenam| ~bi Jhyjhzyz h`n am| oyjb ma G|h` h`nG|hx. Bi ngin m` Zhah| 83'

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G` ~bi `hoi ma Cmn; v|hgzi li ~m Cmn( ^bi oh~~i| gz hz g~ gz s|g~~i`. ^bi m`isbm gz bmviaye ma ~bi am|cgqi`izz ma bgz Em|n% ~bi Li`iagji`~% Bhzh` he/Kbh|z`% bhz s|g~~i` [~bgz_.

Jmooi`~h|w4 Bhzh` gl` Zhwwgn fHe he/Oyzhs he/@hdha he/Kbh|z` shz h`iog`i`~ oyd~hbgnma @hdha sbm si`~ ~m Lhcbnhn h`n |izgnin h~ Ktgohg` h~~bi |ixyiz~ ma ~bi Zbf ~ydd| [oi|jbh`~z_ ma Lhcbnhn. Bi ngin g` \hdhl87.

">2'

G` ~bi `hoi ma Cmn Hee/Bgcb( ^bi|i gz `m nmyl~ ~bh~ ~bizi vi|qi|zi zi`~i`jizh|i y`liegia% mvvmzin ~m ~bi jm`z~|hg`~z ma |iegcgm` h`n h jm`~|hqi`~gm` ma~bi Zbh|fhma ~bi Em|n ma ~bi Oizzi`ci|z. ^bi m`i sbm liegiqiz g` ~bio gz h`y`liegiqi|% ohw ~bi jy|zi ma Cmn h`n ma hee ~bi h`ciez h`n vimvei li yvm`

bgo. ^bi g`zgc`gagjh`~ Bhzh` gl` fHe% k`ms` hz Khsbh|% bhz s|g~~i` [~bgz_.

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8>6 DMY\@HE MA VI\ZGH@ Z^YNGIZ

Jmooi`~h|w4 Bhzh` gl` fHe he/Xh|jbh/Ncb% k`ms` hz Chsbh|% gz g` oh`wshwz ~bi omz~ g`~i|iz~g`c zgc`h~m|w ma ~bgz nmjyoi`~. ^bi |ihzm` am| ~bgz gz~bh~ bi shz h Zbhgkbfego ma Kh|lhe. G`niin% ha~i| ~bi nih~b ma ZhwwgnKtgo \hzb~% bi shz m`i ma ~bi ohdm| jm`~i`ni|z am| eihni|zbgv ma ~bgzomqioi`~. OhjImg`[:>_ bhz zbms` bms Oybhoohn Kh|o Kb` Kg|o`%~bi ohdm| jm`~i`ni| am| ~bi Zbhgkb eihni|zbgv% yzin h~~hjkz m` Llgzo hz hoih`z ma hnqh`jg`c bgz jehgoz h`n hezm hz h oih`z ma iz~hlegzbg`c ~bim|~bmnmrw ma ~bi Zbhgkb zjbmme g` ~bi ahji ma ~bi ~hka|~bh~ bhn lii`

v|m`my`jin hchg`z~ g~ lw oh`w ma ~bi eihng`c yehoh. Bi|i si zii h zgogeh|vbi`moi`m` g` ~biah~s ma O|t Bhzh` Chsbh| hchg`z~ ~bi Ll.

^bi Ah~i ma Oyee f He

Liam|i cmg`c m` ~m jm`zgni| ~bi govegjh~gm`z ma ~bgz nmjyoi`~ h`n ~bgzivgzmni% g~ gz `ijizzh|w ~m jmovei~i ~bi lgmc|hvbw ma Oyee fHe.

Ha~i| ~bi ~|ghe% @hdl Vzb nijgnin ~m |iai| ~bi oh~~i| ~m ~bi Zylegoi Vm|~i. H~~bgz ~goi% ^y|km/G|h`gh` |ieh~gm`z si|i m`ew dyz~ licg``g`c ~m |ijmqi| a|mo ~bizbmjk ma @hdl Vzb#z zhjk ma Kh|lhe g` 82>:% h`n L|g~hg` h`n \yzzgh bhnhc|iin ~m hj~ hz dmg`~ jm`qi`m|z ma h jm`ai|i`ji h~ I|ti|yo ~m zm|~ my~ ~bizingaai|i`jiz. ^bi h||iz~ h`n ~|ghe ma Oyee fHe% h` G|h`gh` zyldij~% ~b|ih~i`in ~mjhyzi h zi~lhjk ~m ~bizi v|mjiing`cz. Oybgll fHe Kb`% Cmqi|`m| maKg|o`zbb% bhn he|ihnw s|g~~i` ~m @hdl Vzb ~b|mycb \hseg`zm`%nioh`ng`c ~bh~ Oyee fHe li bh`nin mqi| ~m li nihe~ sg~b lw ~bi G|h`gh`hy~bm|g~giz. G` Oh|jb% h ei~~i| h||gqin a|mo ~bi G|h`gh` V|goi Og`gz~i|% Bdd

O|t Hxz% nioh`ng`c ~bi ir~|hng~gm` ma Oyee fHe. @hdl Vzb z~h~in ~m~bi G|h`gh` jm`zye ~bh~ ~bi oh~~i| bhn lii` |iai||in ~m Gz~h`lye h`n shz `msmy~ ma bgz bh`nz.[:9_

A|mo nmjyoi`~z g` ~bi ^y|kgzb Z~h~i H|jbgqiz% g~ gz jeih| ~bh~ ~bi v|mvmzheshz g`g~gheew ~m ~hki Oyee fHe ~m Lmey% h zyaagjgi`~ ngz~h`ji |iomqin a|mo ~biG|h`gh` a|m`~gi|. ^bi Cmqi|`m| ma Lmey ziioz ~m bhqi ~bmycb~ g~ li~~i| ~bh~Oyee fHe li zi`~ ~m m`i ma ~bi gzeh`nz "m| vmzzglew Heci|gh'. ^bi ZylegoiVm|~i iqi`~yheew nijgnin ~m l|g`c Oyee fHe ~m Gz~h`lye h`n ~m zi`~i`ji bgo

~m bh|n ehlmy| g` ~bi `hqhe nmjkwh|nz. G~ oyz~ am| ~bi v|izi`~ li hzzyoin ~bh~

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Oyee #He ngin ~bi|i.[:1_

^bi Ll#z Jbh`ci ma Veh`

G` jm`jeyng`c ~bgz izzhw% si ohw vi|bhvz emmk h~ ~sm govm|~h`~ xyiz~gm`z ~bh~h|i jm``ij~in sg~b ~bi ~|ghe ma Oyee fHe Lhz~o. ^bi ag|z~ ma ~bizi jm`ji|`z~bi ahj~ ~bh~ ~bi Ll ngn `m~ v|mjiin ~m Kh|lhe ha~i| bgz vgec|gohci ~m Oijjhhz bi bhn m|gcg`heew g`~i`nin. ^bi zijm`n jm`ji|`z ~bi `h~y|i ma ~bi ih|ewjehgoz ma ~bi Ll yvm` sbgjb ~biah~s nmjyoi`~ zbinz oyjb egcb~.

G~ ziioz jeih| ~bh~ ~bi m|gcg`he g`~i`~gm` ma ~bi Ll shz ~m cm m` ~bivgec|gohci ~m Oijjh h`n ~bi` m` ~m Kh|lhe% sbi|i bi smyen ohki h` mvi`v|mjehoh~gm` ma bgz jehgo ~m li ~bi Goo Ohbn. Vi|bhvz m`i ma ~bi omz~

govm|~h`~ h`n j|g~gjhe ~y|`g`c vmg`~z g` bgz jh|ii| shz bgz nijgzgm` ~bi` `m~ ~mcm ~m Kh|lhe h`n% g`niin% ~m vy~ maa ~bi v|mjehoh~gm` ma bgz jehgo am| amy|wih|z. ^bgz jbh`ci ma veh`% om|imqi|% v|ijgvg~h~in h ziqi|i j|gzgz hom`c bgzameemsi|z. Jm`ji|`g`c ~bgz% @hle s|g~iz4

^bi |ijigv~ ma ~bgz y`irvij~in g`~ieegci`ji j|ih~in h jm`zgni|hlei z~g|hom`c ~bmzi sbm bhn lii` ihci|ew hshg~g`c ~bi h||gqhe ma ~bi Ll h~Kh|lheh. G~ hcg~h~in ~big| og`nz h`n ~iz~in ~big| emwhe~w. ,Sbh~ ma bgzv|mogzi ~m yz=, sbgzvi|in h ais ma ~bi ngzjm`~i`~in hom`c ~bio.,Nmiz Bi |ich|n ~bi l|ihkg`c ma Bgz veinci hz ~bi g`~i|vmzg~gm` ma ~bi

sgee ma Cmn =, ^bi m~bi|z% y`egki ~bmzi shqi|i|z% lijhoi om|iz~ihnahz~ g` ~big| ahg~b h`n jey`c sg~b hnnin ni~i|og`h~gm` ~m ~biJhyzi.[:3_

@ig~bi| g` ~bi Ll#z s|g~g`cz `m| g` ~bi Ll h`n Lhb# eg~i|h~y|i gz ~bi|ioyjb ~m g`ngjh~i ~bi jhyzi ma ~bgz jbh`ci ma veh`. He/Xh~e gl` he/Kh|lhe#govegiz ~bh~ g~ shz lijhyzi ma ~bi gee/~|ih~oi`~ oi~in my~ ~m ~bi oizzi`ci|z ma~bi Ll "h~ Zbg|ht h`n Kg|oh` hz siee hz g` G|hx'4

Cmn shz h`c|w sg~b ~bio h`n jy|zin ~bio h`n ~mmk hshw Bgzv|mqgni`ji a|mo ~bio% h`n am|lm|i am| agqi wih|z% g` m|ni| ~bh~ ~biwogcb~ g`j|ihzi g` zg` h`n ~bh~ Bgz h``my`jioi`~ ~m ~bio ogcb~ lijmovei~i h`n ~bi Lmmk ogcb~ li |ihn ~m ~bio h`n ~bi oizzi`ci|zogcb~ li jbmzi` am| ~bio.[:2_

H~ h`w |h~i% ~bi Ll#z ayee v|mjehoh~gm` ma bgz ogzzgm` ngn `m~ mjjy| am|h`m~bi| amy| wih|z.

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^bi Jehgoz ma ~bi Ll

M`i ma ~bi jm`~|mqi|zghe vmg`~z g` Ll bgz~m|w gz ~bi irhj~ `h~y|i ma ~bi jehgovy~ am|sh|n g` ~bi ag|z~ ais wih|z ma ~bi Ll#z ogzzgm`. Hee h|i hc|iin ~bh~ha~i| amy| wih|z% ~bi Ll mvi`ew v|mjehgoin ~bh~

^BI ^\GHE MA OYEE fHE LHZ^O4 H JMOLG@IN ZY@@ /ZB fAH^S HCHG@Z^ ^BI LL 8>8

bi shz ~bi Bgnni` ^siea~b Goo% ~bi Goo Ohbn% ohni oh`gaiz~ ha~i| m`i

~bmyzh`n wih|z ma mjjye~h~gm`% h`n ~bh~ bi shz h v|mvbi~ ma Cmn% ~big`hycy|h~m| ma h `is ngzvi`zh~gm` hl|mch~g`c ~bi Gzehogj m`i. Bmsiqi|%@hle% ~bi Lhb# bgz~m|gh` sbm s|m~i h` hjjmy`~ ma ~bizi iqi`~z zmoi ~bg|~wwih|z eh~i|% ziioz ~m g`ngjh~i ~bh~ ~bi Ll vy~ am|sh|n ~bizi jehgoz a|mo ~biqi|w z~h|~% h qgis sbgjb zylzixyi`~ Lhb# bgz~m|gh`z bhqi ~i`nin ~m ameems.OhjImg` bhz z~h~in4 ,Lhb# zmy|jiz a|mo h |ieh~gqiew ih|ew nh~i bhqi ~i`nin~m h~~|gly~i ~bi Ll#z eh~i|% niqiemvin jehgoz |i~|mzvij~gqiew ~m ~bi ih|egiz~vi|gmn% |izye~g`c g` h zi|gmyz ngz~m|~gm` ma ~bi vh~~i|` g` sbgjb ~bi Ll#z~bmycb~ niqiemvin.,[:7_ Hz em`c hz igcb~w wih|z hcm% Insh|n C. L|ms`i`m~in ~bh~ ~bi jehgoz vy~ am|sh|n g` ~bi Ll#z s|g~g`cz iqmeqin ny|g`c ~bi

Ll#z og`gz~|w4

^bi Ll#z m|gcg`he jehgo shz . . . ~bh~ bi shz ~bi ,Ch~i, sbi|ilw oi`jmyen jmooy`gjh~i sg~b ~bi K#go% Goo/Ohbn% m| ^siea~b Goo. H~h eh~i| vi|gmn ma bgz ogzzgm`% bmsiqi|% bi nijeh|in bgoziea ~m li `m`im~bi| ~bh` ~bi Goo bgoziea% h`n . . g~ shz ~bgz jehgo ~bh~ bi lmenewhnqh`jin liam|i bgz g`xygzg~m|z h~ ^hl|gt.[>6_

L|ms`i gz bi|i ameemsg`c ~bi irvegjg~ jehgo ohni g` ~bi Xhwwo he/hzo#% sbgjb gz ~bh~ ma lig`c ~bi zvijghe |iv|izi`~h~gqi "`h#gl kbzz' m| ~biCh~i "Ll' ma ~bi Bgnni` Goo. ^byz am| irhovei g` ~bi mvi`g`c z|h ma~bi Xhwwo he/hzo#% g~ gz z~h~in ~bh~ ~bgz lmmk bhz lii` zi`~ nms` a|mo ~biGoo Ohbn ,~m bgz zi|qh`~ ~bh~ g~ ohw li ~bi v|mma ma Cmn |iqihein a|mo Bgz\ioiol|h`ji y`~m hee oh`kg`n%##[>8_ h`n g` ~bi Z|h~ he/Zg||4 ,Egz~i`( Lw ~biEm|n ma Bihqi` h`n Ih|~b% G ho ~bi zi|qh`~ ma Cmn liam|i wmy sbm bhzl|mycb~ ~bi jeih| v|mma a|mo ~bi \io`h`~ ma Cmn "Lhxtwh~ Heeb'% ~biirvij~in m`i.,[>:_ G~ zbmyen li `m~in%

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ma jmy|zi% ~bh~ ~bgz jehgo shz ihzgew gni`~gagin g` ~bi og`nz ma omz~ Zbhgkbzsg~b ~bi Lih|i| ma ~bi Amy|~b Zyvvm|~.

Bmsiqi|% ~bmzi ma ~bi yehoh sbm si|i ahogegh| sg~b ~bi Ll#z s|g~g`cz jhoi~m qgis bgz jehgoz ngaai|i`~ew. Si bhqi zii` ~bh~ g` ~biah~s nmjyoi`~nizj|glin hlmqi% ~bi yehoh bhqi vi|jigqin ~b|mycb ~bi Ll#z yzi ma sm|nzzyjb hz hsb h`n h`theh h`n ji|~hg` m~bi| vb|hziz h`n g`dy`j~gm`z ~bh~ bi shzg` ahj~ jehgog`c am| bgoziea Ngqg`i \iqieh~gm` h`n h z~h~gm` ixyhe ~m ~bh~ maOybhoohn. Nizji`~ "`yte' ma Ngqg`i \iqieh~gm` "shbw' gz `m~ iqi` jehgoinam| ~bi ^sieqi Gooz g` m|~bmnmr Zbf Gzeho.[>>_ ^bgz govegjg~ jehgo g` ~biLl#z ag|z~ lmmk% ~bi Xhwwo he/hzo#% shz jeih|ew vi|jigqin lw ~bi Zy`` h`nZbf yehoh s|g~g`c ~biah~shchg`z~ Oyee fHe g` Lhcbnhn h`n am|oin ~bilhzgz ma ~big| jbh|ci ma bi|izw.

Jmovei~iew g`nivi`ni`~ew h`n h~ hlmy~ ~bi zhoi ~goi hz ~bi ~|ghe ma OyeefHe% Oybhoohn Kh|o Kb` Kg|o`% sbm shz hlmy~ ~m ioi|ci hz ~bieihni| ma h c|myv ma Zbhgkbz% jhoi ~m oyjb ~bi zhoi jm`jeyzgm`. G` bgzGtbxhe/l~ge "jmovei~in g` Dyew 82>9'% Kh|o Kb` irhog`iz ~bi jm`~i`~z ma ~bioh`yzj|gv~ ma ~bi Xhwwo he/hzo#l|mycb~ ~m bgo lw Oyee Zngx Kby|hz`.G`~i|iz~g`cew% bi vgjkz my~ am| j|g~gjgzo g` ~bgz lmmk zmoi ma ~bi zhoi vhzzhcizhz ~bi jmovgei| ma ~bi zy#evm|~gm` ma ~biah~s nizj|glin g` ~bgz vhvi|.[>9_Ha~i| xym~g`c ziqi|he qi|ziz a|mo ~bi Z|h~ he/Nbgk|"g`jeyng`c q. 8

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jehgoin am| bgoziea `m| h z~h~gm` ma ~bi v|mvbi~z sbgjb bi bhz `m~h||mch~in `m| h qg|~yi ma ~bi Gooz sg~b sbgjb bi bhz `m~ h~~g|inbgoziea.[>3_

8>< DMY\@HE MA VI\ZGH@ Z^YNGIZ

H`n ha~i| h ais ay|~bi| xym~h~gm`z a|mo ~bi Xhwwo he/hzo#% Kh|o Kb`s|g~iz4

H`n zm ~bgz oh` bhz zmycb~ eihni|zbgv h`n bhz nizg|in ~m |yei h`n bhzjmoog~~in sbh~ bi bhz jmoog~~in ~b|mycb bgz ammegzb`izz. H`n

~bi|iam|i% sbw gz g~ ~bh~ vimvei sbm v|maizz ~m bhqi g`~ieegci`ji h|ibizg~h~g`c [>2_ hlmy~ ~bi y`liegia ma ~bgz oh` h`n hlmy~ bgz irvyezgm`a|mo Gzeho = H`n ga ~hkg`c m` ~bi z~h~gm` ma v|mvbi~ h`n cyh|ngh`% h`nh||mch~gm` ma ~big| qg|~yiz h`n ngc`g~giz% h`n cgqg`c ~bi egi ~m ~bi Xy|#`h`n ~bi z~h~ioi`~ ~bh~ h `is lmmk bhz lii` zi`~ nms` ~m bgo% h|i `m~ngzliegia g` ~bi izzi`~ghe ieioi`~z ma Gzeho% ~bi` sbh~ iezi lizgniz ~bizih|i ~bi izzi`~ghe ieioi`~z=[>7_

Ga Zy``% Zbf h`n Zbhgkb yehoh g` Lhcbnhn h`n Kg|oh` |ihegtin ~bi govegjg~

jehgo g` ~bi Ll#z s|g~g`cz% g~ gz y`|ihzm`hlei ~m zyvvmzi ~bh~ ~bi Ll#z jemziz~ngzjgveiz% ~bi Ei~~i|z ma ~bi Egqg`c% h`n m~bi|z ma bgz eihng`c ngzjgveiz sbmsi|i hezm ~biozieqiz hee ma ~bi yehoh% ahgein ~m vi|jigqi ~bgz govegjg~ jehgo% gag`niin g~ shz `m~ jm`qiwin ~m ~bio m|heew ny|g`c ~bi ziqi|he om`~bz ~bh~ ~biwsi|i ~mci~bi| sg~b ~bi Ll g` Zbg|ht g` 82>>.

^byz g~ smyen ziio ~bh~ ~bi|i si|i h~ eihz~ ~sm eiqiez ma y`ni|z~h`ng`c ma ~biLl#z jehgo h~ ~bgz ih|ew vi|gmn. M` m`i eiqie% ~bi ci`i|heg~w ma ~bi vimvei% h`nv|mlhlew ma ~bi Llz% ~bmycb~ ma ~bi Ll hz h` g`~i|oingh|w li~sii` ~bi

Bgnni` Goo h`n ~bi sm|en "~bi `#gl kbzz'% m| am| ~bi Zbhgkbz% ~bi Lih|i|ma ~bi Amy|~b Zyvvm|~ "boge/g |yk`/g |lgf'. M` ~bi m~bi| bh`n% ~bmzi ma ~biyehoh sbm si|i ahogegh| sg~b ~bi Ll#z s|g~g`cz% hz siee hz ~bi eihng`c Llz%si|i hsh|i ma ~bi c|ih~i| jehgoz ma ~bi Ll4 ~bh~ ma lig`c ~bi lih|i| ma h `isngqg`i |iqieh~gm` hl|mch~g`c Gzeho.

Ny|g`c ~bgz ~goi% ~bi Ll shz g`zgz~g`c ~bh~ bgz ngzjgveiz ameems ~bi zbh|fh maGzeho. ^byz g` h` ih|ew ei~~i| ~m ^bg|h% ~bi Ll s|g~iz4

Li ~bmy hzzy|in ~bh~ hee ~bi ir~i|`hez ma ~bi zbh|fh h|i ~m jm`~g`yi.

Sbmiqi| `iceij~z h`w ma ~bio% g~ zbhee li hz ga bi bhz `iceij~in hee ma~bio.[96_

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^bi|i gz% om|imqi|% h` mvi` hjk`mseincioi`~ h`n h` irveh`h~gm` lw ~bi Llma ~bi jbh`cg`c `h~y|i ma bgz jehgo g` ~biNhe#ge/g Zhlfh% m`i ma bgz eh~i|sm|kz4

Jm`zgni| ~bi c|hji ma ~bi V|mogzin M`i g` zm ir~i`ng`c bgz oi|jw ~m~bi vimvei ma Gzeho ~bh~ bi ogcb~ l|g`c ~bio zheqh~gm`% bms bi sbmziz~h~gm` gz ~bh~ ma ~bi ag|z~ ma hee j|ih~in ~bg`cz h`n ~bi oh`gaiz~h~gm` ma~bi qi|zi4 ,Qi|gew% G ho Cmn%, |iqihein bgoziea hz ~bi Ll ma ~bi X#goma ~bi ahogew ma Oybhoohn% h`n g` bgz ag|z~ lmmk jmooh`ninmlzi|qh`ji ma ~bi ehsz ma ~bi Xy|#` zm ~bh~ oi` ogcb~ `m| li ngz~y|linlw h `is Lmmk h`n h `is jhyzi.[98_

^bgz zg~yh~gm` ehz~in y`~ge ~bi zyooi| ma 82>2. ^bi` heomz~ zgoye~h`imyzew%~bi Ll h~ bgz ~|ghe g` ^hl|gt h`n zmoi ma bgz eihng`c ngzjgveiz h~ ~bijm`ai|i`ji ma Lhnhzb~ mvi`ew v|mjehgoin ~bi Ll#z jehgo ~m li ~bi Bgnni`Goo Ohbn% ~bi X#go ma ~bi Bmyzi ma Oybhoohn. ^bgz v|m`my`jioi`~shz jeih|ew h z~h|~eg`c |iqieh~gm` am| ~bi Llz h`n oh`w% lm~b h~ ~bijm`ai|i`ji ma Lhnhzb~ h`n g` qh|gmyz vh|~z ma ~bi jmy`~|w% |ivyngh~in ~bi Llh~ ~bgz ~goi.[9

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^BI ^\GHE MA OYEE fHE LHZ^O4 H JMOLG@IN ZY@@ /ZB fAH^S HCHG@Z^ ^BI LL 8>:

8. G` oinghiqhe ~goiz% ~bi fHllhzgnz l|mycb~ ~mci~bi| h `yoli| ma eihng`cfHegnz ~mci~bi| sg~b v|mog`i`~ Zy`` h`n Zb# yehoh g` m|ni| ~m v|mnyji h|ily~~he ma ~bi Ah~gogn jehgo ~m fHegn h`jiz~|w. ^bi ag|z~ ~goi ~bh~ ~bgzmjjy||in shz g` ~bi |igc` ma ~bi Jhegvb he/Xng| g` >6>>-869

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86. M`i hjjmy`~ ma Oyee Byzhg`#z i`jmy`~i| sg~b ~bi Ll ohw li amy`ng`@hlge#z @h||h~gqi% vv. 9. Mv. jg~.% 88% v. 8:2.

89. Xym~in g` Hly#e/Ahne Cyevhwch`g% Khzba he/cbg~#% Gzbxhlhn% `.n.% v. 38.

81.\gzeh ho|gwwh% Jhg|m% 8::2-8787/9% A.M. 879

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-879>% vv. :82/87. Zylz~h`~gheewzgogeh| hjjmy`~z h|i cgqi` g` Bgt| he/N`% mv. jg~.% G% vv. 6% h`n Oybhoohn ^y`ykhly`% Xgzhz he/#yeho% ^ib|h`%`.n.% vv. 829/1

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:6 Zhwwn Oyz~ha @| he/N` he/S#gt% he/\hsn he/hnbbh|% Omzye%8:12-87>2% v. 882. ^bi oh||ghci nmjyoi`~ geeyz~|h~in mvvmzg~i v. 881 ma ~bgzlmmk h`n ~|h`zj|glin m` vv. 881/82 gz vh|~gjyeh|ew g`~i|iz~g`c% g` ~bh~ oh`w ma~bi Zy`` zgc`h~m|giz ma ~biah~s hezm zgc`in ~bgz nmjyoi`~.

:8. Mv. jg~.% v. 811.

:.

::. Lgmc|hvbgiz ma Zbf yehoh h|i ~hki` a|mo Bgt| he/N`%Ohf|ga he/|gde h`n ^gb|`%H#eo he/Zbfh.

:> ,Zbhwkbg \ihj~gm`,% vv. 7/86.

:9. Zii \hseg`zm` ~m Jh``g`c% @m. 1% 9% AM 879 9% AM 2 88>.

:1. G`am|oh~gm` a|mo M~~moh` Cmqi|`oi`~ vhvi|z amy`n g` ~bi zhoi agei hz

~biah~s nmjyoi`~ "zii `.

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>:. Zii am| irhovei Nmecm|ykg#z ngzvh~jb% nh~in 2 "1 Dh`yh|w82>7 g` ~bi C|icm|gh` jhei`nh|'% xym~in g` Oy|~hn Oynh||gz/Jbhb|ngb%Zbhgkbch|% Llch|% ^ib|h`% 8:98-8731. Xy|#`% JGR% .

>3. Kg|o`%Gtbx he/l~ge% v. 72. ^bgz ohw li h |iai|i`ji ~m Bdd Zhwwgn Dhsn% ~bi Goo/Dyofh maKg|oh`% sbm ir~i`nin bgz v|m~ij~gm` ~m Oyee Zngx Kby|z` h`n Xynnz%~bi Ll#z oizzi`ci|z ~m Oybhoohn Kh|o Kb`% zii@hlge#z @h||h~gqi% vv.826/7. Kg|oh`g% mv. jg~.% v. 7>.

96. Ahnge%Tyb| he/bhxx% GGG% v. ::>. Zii hezm OhjImg`% mv. jg~.% v. 83% sbi|iziqi|he m~bi| vhzzhciz h|i xym~in.

98.Nhe#ge/g zhl#h% ^ib|h`% `.n.% v.