THE TRAGEDY OF MACBETH William Shakespeare. The Tragic Hero The tragic hero is a person of noble...
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Transcript of THE TRAGEDY OF MACBETH William Shakespeare. The Tragic Hero The tragic hero is a person of noble...
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THE TRAGEDY OF MACBETH
William Shakespeare
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The Tragic Hero
The tragic hero is a person of noble stature, meaning that s/he is not a normal individual but one who is great in two respects:
Social importance (usually a prince or king)
The possession of an extraordinary quality (passion, aspiration, nobility of mind, etc.)
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•The hero’s misfortune is not wholly deserved. What most impresses us about the tragic hero is his/her greatness, not his/her weakness.
•The hero’s fall results in some increase in awareness, some gain in self-knowledge. There are two sides to this gain in knowledge:
• His/her responsibility for the fall
• A significant insight, not just an increase in knowledge but in wisdom.
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The tragic hero is imperfect, his/her fall resulting from that imperfection, i.e., the tragic hero is responsible for his/her own fall.
•Aristotle: “an act of injustice” committed either 1) out of ignorance or 2) with the belief that some greater good will be served. His term for it: hamartia.•Later critics: a defect of character, or “tragic flaw”•Other critics: not a lack but an excess of virtue, a nobility of character that unfits him/her for life among mortals.
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The Fall
Tragic hero makes a mistake and compromises meaningful status in society
Suffering
As a result of a tragic mistake, loses his/her place in society
Reconciliation
Experiences insightTakes responsibility for his/her fall, which s/he realizes is his/her fault
Essential Action
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Terms
Aside- words spoken by a character intended to be heard by the audience while other characters are onstage; a character’s inner thoughts
Soliloquy- words spoken by a character alone onstage to the audience; reveals innermost thoughts
Blank Verse- unrhymed iambic pentameter Comic Relief- a humorous episode in a tragedy
intended to break the tension or heighten the emotional impact by means of contrast; also foreshadows trouble
Foil- two characters in the same situation/ status in society that contrast in order to highlight facets of the main character’s personality
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Rhetorical Appeals
Ethos- appeals to codes of ethics
Pathos- appeals to emotions and passions/ “tugs on the heartstrings”
Logos- appeals to logic and reasoning
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Macbeth
Shakespeare’s Source= Holinshed’s Chronicles
Shortest play- probably written in 1606
Written as a tribute to James I Witches- demonology Banquo- ancestors Divine right of kings
Blank verse with prose (mad scene,drunken porter scene)
Setting: Anglo-Saxon period Scotland
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Motifs
Blood/water
Supernatural
Light/dark
Appearance/ reality
Animals
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Essential Themes
Appearances can be deceiving Unchecked ambition leads to corruption.
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Main Characters
Macbeth- noble soldier who learns that he is to be king from the witches/ acts on the witches’ prophecies
Banquo- Mac’s friend/ foil character/ does not act on the witches’ prophecies
Lady Macbeth- Mac.’s wife/ strong, resolute/ wants her hubby to be king more than he does
Duncan- King of Scotland, good king, poor judge of character
Macduff- noble soldier Malcolm & Donalbain- Duncan’s two sons