The Torah Calendar v1.4 Home Printable

8/7/2019 The Torah Calendar v1.4 Home Printable

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The TorahCalendar:

The Calendar our CreatorWants us to Keep

By Norman B. Willis

Updated First Edition (v1.4)

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By Norman B. Willis, 6009 (2009)Copyright Nazarene Israel 6009 (2009)Updated First Edition, v1.4, 6010 (2010)

All rights reserved. Good use permitted.

This book is published in its first revised edition.

If you have comments, loving suggestions orquestions to help us improve this publication,please send them to us, to benefit futurereaders:

Nazarene IsraelP.O. Box 787

Anderson, CA 96007USA

Email: [email protected].

May the name of YHWH be glorified:

Amein.


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The Seventy-Week Ministry Theory 292

About Birthdays 305

About Service 312

The Wave Sheaf in the Sabbath Year 321

Book Ordering Information 332

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malice and wickedness, but with theunleavened bread of sincerity andtruth.

As a second witness to this, Acts 20:6 shows us thatthe disciples were still keeping the Days of UnleavenedBread many years after Yeshuas resurrection.

Maasim (Acts) 20:66 But we sailed from Philippi after thedays of Unleavened Bread.

We also know that the Apostle Shaul continued toobserve the Israelite Festival of the Pentecost on theHebrew calendar.

Qorintim Aleph (1stCorinthians) 16:88 But I will remain in Ephesus untilPentecost.

We know that Shaul kept Pentecost on the HebrewCalendar (rather than on the Roman Christian one)because he went up to Jerusalem (and not Rome).

Maasim (Acts) 20:1616 For Shaul had decided to sail pastEphesus, so that he would not have tospend time in Asia; for he was

hurrying to be at Jerusalem, ifpossible, on the Day of Pentecost.

In Acts 27:9, the disciples kept the Day of Atonement,even though it was many years after Yeshua hadalready been resurrected. The Day of Atonement ishere called the Fast, because it is traditionallyobserved by fasting.

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Maasim (Acts) 27:9-109 Now when much time had beenspent, and sailing was now dangerousbecause the Fast was already over,

Shaul advised them,10 saying, "Men, I perceive that thisvoyage will end with disaster andmuch loss, not only of the cargo andship, but also our li ves."

The reason the voyage was now dangerous was thatthe Day of Atonement takes place in the fall, at the time

when the weather changes from summer to winter.Boat travel on the Mediterranean can be stormy inwinter, and therefore it is dangerous. However, thepoint here is that the apostles were still keeping thefestival days found in the Torah, and not convertedRoman festival days.

YHWH blesses those who keep His festivals.

Maasim (Acts) 2:1-21 When the day of Pentecost hadcome, they were all together in oneplace.2 And suddenly there came fromheaven a noise like a violent rushingwind, and it filled the whole house

where they were sitting.

At least some of the blessings associated with keepingHis festival days are still to come, in the future. InColossians 2:16-17, the Apostle Shaul tells us that theSabbath, the festivals and the New Moon Days are allshadows of things still to come. That means just asYHWH poured out blessings on those who werekeeping His festival days in the past, YHWH will pour


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Vayiqra (Leviticus) 23:4242 You shall dwell in booths for sevendays. All who are native Israelites shalldwell in booths.

The rabbinical ruling in the first century was likelyidentical to the rabbinical ruling of today, which is thatfor health and safetys sake, anyone who is sick, old orpregnant does not actually have to stay in a tabernacle,but can rent a room in an inn. However, even thoughMiriam was pregnant, there was no room at the inn.Therefore Joseph and Miriam had to dwell in a

tabernacle (or a booth, or a manger), in keeping withLeviticus 23. While this might have seemed like aturnabout for Joseph and Miriam, all of this came topass so that Yeshua might be born in a temporarydwelling (a tabernacle) on the first day of the fall Feastof Tabernacles, in prophetic fulfillment of the feast.

But even though Yeshua was the second fulfillment of

the Feast of Sukkot (Tabernacles), Zechariah 14 tellsus that there will yet be a third fulfillment.

Zechariah 14:16-1716 And it shall come to pass thateveryone who is left of all the nationswhich came against Jerusalem shallgo up from year to year to worship the

King, YHWH of hosts, and to keep theFeast of Tabernacles.17 And it shall be that whichever of thefamilies of the earth do not come up toJerusalem to worship the King, YHWHof hosts, on them there will be no rain.

There is even a fourth fulfillment prophesied, in theBook of the Revelation:

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Gilyana (Revelation) 21:33 And I heard a loud voice from thethrone, saying, " Behold, the tabernacle

of Elohim is among men, and He willdwell among them, and they shall beHis people, and Elohim Himself will beamong them,4 and He will wipe away every tearfrom their eyes; and there will nolonger be any death; there will nolonger be any mourning, or crying, or

pain; the first things have passedaway."

This shows us why the Apostle Shaul warned us not tolet anyone but the Body of Messiah tell us what days ofworship to keep. It is because they are propheticshadow pictures of wonderful blessings still to come.


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The Sabbath (Shabbat)

The Fourth Commandment is the command to keep theSabbath. The Sabbath was one of the Ten Commandsthat YHWH inscribed in stone.

Shemote (Exodus) 20:8-118 "Remember the Sabbath day, to keepit set apart.

9 Six days you shall labor and do allyour work,10 but the seventh day is the Sabbathof YHWH your Elohim. In it you shalldo no work: you, nor your son, noryour daughter, nor your male servant,nor your female servant, nor yourcattle, nor your stranger who is within

your gates.11 For in six days YHWH made theheavens and the earth, the sea, and allthat is in them, and rested the seventhday. Therefore YHWH blessed theSabbath day and set it apart.

The Sabbath is the seventh day of the week, and thefact that YHWH inscribed the commandment to rest(i.e., to sabbath) in stone should give us some idea ofthe degree of importance and unchangeability thatYHWH assigns to it.

The reason YHWH assigned the Sabbath as theseventh day of the week is that YHWH created the

heavens and the earth in six days, and then rested onthe seventh day.

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Breisheet (Genesis) 2:2-32 And on the seventh day Elohimended His work which He had done,and He rested on the seventh day fromall His work which He had done.3 Then Elohim blessed the seventhday and set it apart, because in it Herested from all His work which Elohimhad created and made.

However, YHWH not only rested on the seventh day,

but He also was refreshed.

Shemote (Exodus) 31:12-1712 And YHWH spoke to Moshe, saying,13 "Speak also to the children ofIsrael, saying: 'Surely My Sabbathsyou shall keep, for it is a sign betweenMe and you throughout your

generations, that you may know that Iam YHWH who sets you apart.14 You shall keep the Sabbath,therefore, for it is set apart to you.Everyone who profanes it shall surelybe put to death; for whoever does anywork on it, that person shall be cut offfrom among his people.

15 Work shall be done for six days, butthe seventh is the Sabbath of rest, setapart to YHWH. Whoever does anywork on the Sabbath day, he shallsurely be put to death.16 Therefore the children of Israelshall keep the Sabbath, to observe theSabbath throughout their generationsas a perpetual covenant.


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It i t l h E ki l ld i i t


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It is not clear why Ezekiel would give us a requirementto assemble on the New Moons in the future when theTorah does not require us to gather on them now.However, Isaiah 66:23 does give us a second witnessthat in the future, all Israel will be required to gather

before Him on the New Moon Days.

Isaiah 66:2323 And it shall be thatfrom New Moon Day toNew Moon Day, and fromSabbath to Sabbath, allflesh shall come toworship before Me,declares YHWH.

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In the last chapter we saw that the timing of theSabbath is determined by a count of seven. However,

all of YHWHs other appointed times are based on thenew moon days. For one example, the Passover is tobe held fourteen days after the new moon of the firstmonth is declared (Exodus 12:6). Yom Kippur, or theDay of Atonement is to be held on the tenth day afterYom Teruah (the New Moon of the Seventh Month)(Leviticus 23:27). Since the timing of these festivals isbased on the timing of the new moons, if the new

moons are declared on the wrong day, it throws off thetiming of all the rest of the festivals as well.

YHWH appoints times when He wants to meet with Hisprospective bride Israel. Now, if our Fiance has a datewith us, but we do not show because for some reasonor other we are not paying attention to His calendar,what is He going to think? Do we want to stand the

King of the Universe up for a date?

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is an appointed time (), it is not a pilgrimage Aviv Barley and the Head of the Year


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pp ( ), p g g

festival ().

We should also recognize the fact that it makes nosense to think that YHWH would use the word keseh

(

) to describe the New Moon, when He just usedthe word Hodesh () to describe it. Therefore, the

word keseh () must mean something else.

What the word keseh () refers to is not exactly a

full moon, but the moon when it is plump, and clothedwith light. As we will see in later chapters, this

describes the Passover and the Feast of Tabernaclesperfectly, as these are pilgrimage festivals, and theybegin on or about the full moon, when the moon isgenerally waxed fat, and plump, and is clothed withlight. Therefore, Psalms 81:3 is the command to blowthe shofar on the Passover, and on the First Day of theFeast of Tabernacles.

3 Blow in the New MoonDay a shofar, in the plumpmoon, on the day of ourpilgrimage feast.

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Aviv Barley and the Head of the Year

Once we know how to determine the New Moon, nextwe need to know how YHWH wants us to determinethe start (or the Head) of the Year. In order to do this,let us look at the Exodus, for this is where YHWH tellsus when He wants the Head of the Year to be.

In Exodus 9:31-32, YHWH caused a plague of hail to

fall on the Land of Egypt. The flax and the barley weredamaged (struck) by the hail, because they were in anadvanced stage of development.

Exodus 9:31-3231 Now the flax and thebarley were struck, for the

barley was in the headand the flax was in bud.32 But the wheat and thespelt were not struck, forthey are late crops.

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The New King James tells us that the barley was struck

because it was in an advanced state of maturity whereit was in the head. The Hebrew word for this is Aviv.()

Soon after the Aviv barley was struck, YHWH toldMoshe and Aharon that this month is the head ofmonths for you; it is the first month of the year to you.This tells us that the first month of the year comes justafter the barley in the Land of Israel becomes Aviv.


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when the sun comes(back to earth), at the time

The word naaleichem ( ) can mean sandals, but


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(back to earth), at the timeyou came out of Egypt.

The passage continues with the instructions as to howthe first Passover was to be eaten.

7 And they shall take some of theblood and put it on the two doorpostsand on the lintel of the houses wherethey eat it.8 Then they shall eat the flesh on that

night; roasted in fire, with unleavenedbread and with bitter herbs they shalleat it.9 Do not eat it raw, nor boiled at allwith water, but roasted in fire itshead with i ts legs and its entrails.10 You shall let none of it remain untilmorning, and what remains of it untilmorning you shall burn with fire.

Next, verse 11 specifies we are to eat the Passover inhaste, with our loins girded, sandals (or shoes) on ourfeet, and our staff in our hand.

Exodus 12:11And so shall you eat it:loins girded (belt on yourwaist), your sandals onyour feet, and your staff inyour hand. And you shalleat it in haste. It is thePassover to YHWH.

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The word naaleichem ) can mean sandals, but)

it can also mean shoes. A direct translation would besomething like, what you go (i.e., walk) upon.

The phrase in haste is

(chippazown), whichmeans, in hasty flight. From Strongs OT:2649:

OT:2649 chippazown (khip-paw-zone');from OT:2648; hasty flight:

Looking up the reference to Strongs OT:2648, we get:

OT:2648 chaphaz (khaw-faz'); aprimitive root; properly, to start upsuddenly, i.e. (by implication) tohasten away, to fear:

In other words, the Passover is to be eaten hastily, as ifwe are ready to flee. This is how our forefathers ate

the Passover in Egypt, since they had been told theywould be driven out after YHWH had struck all the firstborn.

Shemote (Exodus) 12:12-1312 'For I will pass through the land ofEgypt on that night, and will strike allthe firstborn in the land of Egypt, both

man and beast; and against all theelohim (gods) of Egypt I will execute

judgment: I am YHWH.13 Now the blood shall be a sign foryou on the houses where you are. Andwhen I see the blood, I will pass overyou; and the plague shall not be onyou to destroy you when I strike the

land of Egypt.


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Mattai (Matthew) 28:11 Now after the Sabbath, as the first

However, the word that is translated as first is the

Greek word protos ()


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,day of the week began to dawn, MaryMagdalene and the other Mary came to

see the tomb.

The reason the Last Supper was not held on a Sabbathis that if Yeshua was raised either on the Sabbath orthe first day of the week, and He had been in the earthfor three days and three nights, then the Passovercould only have taken place on the fourth day of theweek, as per Daniel 9:27.

Daniel 9:2727 Then he shall confirm a covenantwith many for one week; but in themiddle of the week He shall bring anend to sacrifice and offering.

One popular argument is that the Last Supper was the

Passover meal itself (the evening of the 14th/15th). Thebig problem with this argument is that it would requireYeshua to be sacrificed not on the Passover (the 14 thof Aviv), but on the afternoon of the First Day ofUnleavened Bread (the 15thof Aviv). This would makeYeshua not our Passover Lamb, but our First Day ofUnleavened Bread Matza. Nonetheless, this argumentis popular in that it seems to find support in the Englishtranslations of the Synoptic accounts. For example:

Matti thyahu (Matthew) 26:17 NKJV17 Now on the firs t day of the Feast ofthe Unleavened Bread the disciplescame to [Yeshua], saying to Him,"Where do You want us to prepare for

You to eat the Passover?"110

Greek word protos ().

Matthew 26:1717 Now on the first day ofthe Feast of theUnleavened Bread thedisciples came to Yeshua,saying to Him, "Where doYou want us to prepare forYou to eat the Passover?"

BGT Matthew 26:17 ;(Mat 26:17 BGT)

This word protos () can mean first, but it canalso mean, in front of, before, or prior to.

NT:4253pro (pro); a primary preposition;

"fore", i.e. in front of, prior(figuratively, superior) to:

KJV - above, ago, before, or ever. Incomparison it retains the samesignifications.

What Matthew is really saying, then, is that the Last

Supper was held before the Feast of UnleavenedBread.

Matti thyahu (Matthew) 26:1717 Now [before] the first day of theFeast of the Unleavened Bread thedisciples came to [Yeshua], saying toHim, "Where do You want us to

prepare for You to eat the Passover?"


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46 In one house it shall be eaten; youshall not carry any of the flesh outsidethe house, nor shall you break one ofits bones

The Wave Sheaf and the Pentecost


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its bones.47 All the congregation of Israel shall

keep it.48 And when a stranger dwells withyou and wants to keep the Passover toYHWH, let all his males becircumcised, and then let him comenear and keep it; and he shall be as anative of the land. For nouncircumcised person shall eat it.

49 One Torah shall be for the native-born and for the stranger who dwellsamong you.

[For more information as to why the requirement ofphysical circumcision was not done away with atYeshuas death, please see the Nazarene Israelstudy.]

While some favor the Passover Seder as a goodmeans of teaching their children about the Passover, itseems wiser to teach ones children to keep the Torahas it is written, eating their meal in haste, as if ready toflee. Then read the story of the Exodus and theaccounts of the Last Supper and Yeshuas sacrifice forour sins in the Good News. These are things thathonor YHWH, for we are following His commandments,rather than the traditions and teachings of men.

Yochanan (John) 14:1515 "If you love Me, (then) keep Mycommandments.

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If one counts the Passover and Unleavened Bread asone festival, then the second of Israels festivals is thePentecost. The word Pentecost means count fifty, butcount fifty from what? What is the starting point to thiscount to fifty? The answer lies in the interplaybetween Leviticus 23 and Joshua 5.

Leviticus 23:10-1110 "Speak to the childrenof Israel, and say to them:'When you come into theland which I give to you,and reap its harvest, thenyou shall bring a sheaf ofthe first fruits of yourharvest to the priest.11 He shall wave thesheaf before YHWH, to beaccepted on your behalf;on the day after theSabbath the priest shallwave it.

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Verse 10 tells us that when the children of Israel dwellin the Land of Israel, they are to bring a sheaf of thefirst fruits of their barley harvest (called an Omer, (

to the priesthood. The priesthood then waves thisOmer (Wave Sheaf) before YHWH on the day after the

weekly Sabbath (

).


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27 Then he shall confirm acovenant with many forone week; but in themiddle of the week He

Seventeen verses later, Yeshua tells Miriam not tocling to Him, as He still had to ascend to His Father.This was in fulfillment of how the Wave Sheaf must be


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shall bring an end to

sacrifice and offering. Andon the wing ofabominations shall be onewho makes desolate, evenuntil the consummation,which is determined, ispoured out on thedesolate."

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Matthew 12:40 tells us that Yeshua would be in thegrave for three days and three nights.

Mattai (Matthew) 12:4040 For as Jonah was three days andthree nights in the belly of the great

fish, so will the Son of Man be threedays and three nights in the heart ofthe earth.

We know that Yeshua was resurrected either on theSabbath, or at the start of the first day of the week(when the Sabbath ends and the first day of the weekbegins). Either way, He was fully risen on the first day

of the week (when the Wave Sheaf is to be offered).

Yochanan (John) 20:11 Now the first day of the week MaryMagdalene went to the tomb early,while it was still dark, and saw that thestone had been taken away from thetomb.

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waved before YHWH on the first day of the week.

Yochanan (John) 20:1717 Yeshua said to her, "Do not cl ing toMe, for I have not yet ascended to MyFather; but go to My brethren and sayto them, 'I am ascending to My Fatherand your Father, and to My Elohim andyour Elohim.'"

All of this fits perfectly with the Torah Calendar, whichcalls for the Messiah to be cut off in the middle of theweek, raised three days and three nights later (eitheron the Sabbath, or at the end of Sabbath, as the firstday of the week begins), and then to ascend to HisFather on the first day of the week as the propheticfulfillment of the First Fruits of Barley (the Omer).

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Pass. 1ULB 2ULB 3ULB

Omer 5ULB 6ULB 7ULB 5 Om 6 Om 7 Om

8 Om 9 Om 10 11 12 13 14

15 16 17 18 19 20 21

22 23 24 25 26 27 28

29 30 31 32 33 34 35

36 37 38 39 40 41 42

43 44 45 46 47 48 49

Pent.

Pass. = Passover in the middle of the week3ULB = Yeshua raised on the third day (or at end)Omer = Yeshua ascends as the Wave Sheaf

Pent. = Pentecost (always first day of the week)


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Ivrim (Hebrews) 1:66 But when He again brings thefirstborn into the world, He says: "Letall the messengers of Elohim worshipHim "

23 But each one in his own order:Messiah the First Fruits, afterwardthose who are Messiahs at Hiscoming.


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Him."

Yeshua was also the first one to be raised from thedead.

Gilyana (Revelation) 1:55 and from Yeshua Messiah, thefaithful witness, the firstborn from thedead, and the ruler over the kings of

the earth.

As the first born of the dead, Yeshua is also the firstborn of many brethren.

Romim (Romans) 8:2929 For whom He foreknew, He alsopredestined to be conformed to the

image of His Son, that He might be thefirstborn among many brethren.

Scripture also tells us that Yeshua is the first fruits ofthose who will be resurrected unto eternal life.

Qorintim Aleph (1 Cor.) 15:20-2320 But now Messiah is risen from the

dead, and has become the First Fruitsof those who have fallen asleep.21 For since by man came death, byMan also came the resurrection of thedead.22 For as in Adam all die, even so inMessiah all shall be made alive.

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Surely Yeshua was the First Fruits of all of these thingson His Fathers Torah Calendar.


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Ones actions show ones loyalty. If we obey YHWHgladly, then our loyalty is with Him. However, if weobey men, then our loyalty is not with YHWH, but withman. In YHWHs sight, this is tantamount to rebellion

It is a wonderful thing that YHWH is calling Hisservant Ephraim out of the nations, to return backhome to his inheritance in the Land, the Languageand the Law. However, as much as we love ourbrother Judah, let us be careful not simply to


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g ,against His authority.

When I was first called into the Messianic Movement, itseemed to me that the quickest way to recreate theFaith Once Delivered to the Saints was to do asYeshua and His apostles had done: that is, to start withSecond Temple Period Judaism, and reject everythingthat contradicts with the Torah. However, as YHWH

continued to lead and guide me, I began to realize thatwe cannot always see what conflicts with the Torah;and so I began to realize that a much safer and surerapproach is be to begin with the Instructions of Elohim(i.e., YHWHs Torah), and then to add nothing to it, andsubtract nothing from it. If I cannot verify a tradition ora teaching by the Words of Elohim (i.e., YHWHs orYeshuas words), then I cannot consider it to be Torah.

Our Orthodox brethren consider that when YHWH gavethe Torah to Moshe, He also gave Moshe the power tomodify it, as needed. They further consider that theyhave inherited this power from Moshe. Therefore theybelieve that their man-made customs and traditionsconstitute literal Torah Law; and this is precisely whatthey call it.

Zecharyah (Zechariah) 8:2323 "Thus says YHWH of hosts: 'In thosedays ten men from every language of thenations shall grasp the sleeve of a Jewishman, saying, "Let us go with you, for wehave heard that Elohim is with you."'"

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, p yaccept his interpretations of Torah Law, let wealso be found guilty of giving our loyalty not to theCreator, but to the Creation.

May YHWH please deliver all of His people from allunrighteousness, soon and in our day.

In Yeshuas name,

Amein.


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Numbers 10:1010 Also in the day of yourgladness, and in your

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Bemidbar (Numbers) 29:2-62 You shall offer a burnt offering as asweet aroma to YHWH: one youngbull , one ram, and seven lambs in their


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appointed feasts, and atthe beginning of yourmonths, you shall blow thetrumpets over your burntofferings and over thesacrifices of your peaceofferings; and they shallbe a memorial for you

before your Elohim: I amYHWH your Elohim.

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But if we are commanded to blow the silver trumpets atthe beginning of each of our months, then what makesYom Teruah any different from any other new moonday? One thing that sets it apart is how Israel is not

supposed to work on that day, but is commanded tohave a set-apart day of rest.

Numbers 29:11 'And in the seventhmonth, on the first day ofthe month, you shall have

a set-apart gathering. Youshall do no customarywork. For you it is a day ofblowing.

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In the next five verses, YHWH prescribes the offeringswe are to bring Him on this day.

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first year, without blemish.3 Their grain offering shall be fine flourmixed with oil: three-tenths of anephah for the bull, two-tenths for theram,4 and one-tenth for each of the sevenlambs;5 also one kid of the goats as a sin

offering, to make atonement for you;6 besides the burnt offering with itsgrain offering for the New Moon, theregular burnt offering with its grainoffering, and their drink offerings,according to their ordinance, as asweet aroma, an offering made by fireto YHWH.

Some liken YHWHs offerings to an outdoor barbecue,and a barbecue always smells good to the humannose. However, since YHWH is Spirit, could it be thatthe reason He says these things are a sweet aroma isthat it pleases Him whenever we willingly give up whatwe want, in order to follow His word?

Leviticus 23 confirms that we are to observe YomTeruah as a set-apart memorial of blowing, and to bringHim an offering made by fire.

Leviticus 23:23-2523 Then YHWH spoke toMoshe, saying,

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Nehemiah 8:1313 Now on the second day the headsof the fathers' houses of all the people,with the priests and Levites, weregathered to Ezra the scribe, in order tounderstand the words of the Torah

The Day of Atonements (Yom Kippur)


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understand the words of the Torah.

The rabbis today celebrate Rosh Hashanah on the firsttwo days of the seventh month, identical with how Ezrathe priest did so.

There are many other rabbinical customs surroundingYom Teruah which we will not attempt to explore here.

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The tenth day of the seventh month is called by severalnames, but it is usually called Yom Kippur, or the Dayof Atonement. However, the Torah actually calls itYom HaKippurim ( ), or The Day of the

Atonements (plural).

The Day of the Atonements is the most set-apart day ofour year. YHWH tells us not to do any work at all on

this day, for YHWH promises to cut off anyone whodoes not make this a day of complete rest.

Leviticus 23:26-3226 And YHWH spoke toMoshe, saying:27 "Also the tenth day of

this seventh month shallbe the Day of the

Atonements. It shall be aset-apart gathering foryou; you shall afflict yoursouls, and offer an offeringmade by fire to YHWH.28 And you shall do nowork on that same day, forit is the Day of

Atonements, to makeatonement for you beforeYHWH your Elohim.29 For any person who isnot afflicted in soul on that

same day shall be cut off

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9 Their grain offering shall be of fineflour mixed with oil: three-tenths of anephah for the bull, two-tenths for theone ram,10 and one-tenth for each of the sevenlambs;

3 "Thus Aharon shall come into theSet-apart Place: with the blood of ayoung bull as a sin offering, and of aram as a burnt offering.4 He shall put the Set-apart linen tunicand the linen trousers on his body; he


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lambs;

11 also one kid of the goats as a sinoffering, besides the sin offering foratonement, the regular burnt offeringwith its grain offering, and their drinkofferings.

Hebrews 9:7 tells us these sacrifices were to atone forsins the people committed in ignorance.

Ivrim (Hebrews) 9:77 But into the second part the highpriest went alone once a year, notwithout blood, which he offered forhimself and for the people's sinscommitted in ignorance.

However, the High Priest also sent a scapegoat forthinto the wilderness.

Vayiqra (Leviticus) 16:1-341 Now YHWH spoke to Moshe after thedeath of the two sons of Aharon, whenthey offered profane fire before YHWH,

and died;2 And YHWH said to Moshe: "Tell

Aharon your brother not to come atjust any time into the Set-apart Placeinside the veil, before the mercy seatwhich is on the ark, lest he die; for Iwill appear in the cloud above themercy seat.

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and the linen trousers on his body; he

shall be girded with a linen sash, andwith the linen turban he shall beattired. These are Set-apart garments.Therefore he shall wash his body inwater, and put them on.5 And he shall take from thecongregation of the children of Israeltwo kids of the goats as a sin offering,and one ram as a burnt offering.6 "Aharon shall offer the bull as a sinoffering, which is for himself, andmake atonement for himself and forhis house.7 He shall take the two goats andpresent them before YHWH at the door

of the Tabernacle of Meeting.8 Then Aharon shall cast lots for thetwo goats: one lot for YHWH and theother lot for the scapegoat.9 And Aharon shall bring the goat onwhich YHWH's lot fell, and offer it as asin offering.10 But the goat on which the lot fell to

be the scapegoat shall be presentedalive before YHWH, to make atonementupon it, and to let it go as thescapegoat into the wilderness.11 "And Aharon shall bring the bull ofthe sin offering, which is for himself,and make atonement for himself and


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In rabbinic thought, Israel enters mortal danger eachyear during the Fall Festival Season. In rabbinicalthought, Yom Teruah symbolizes divine judgment, andYom Kippur is also a time of judgment. After thesetimes of danger, Israel then dwells in sukkot, which areplaces of safety and freedom. In rabbinic thought, this

16 "Three times a year all your malesshall appear before YHWH your Elohimin the place which He chooses: at theFeast of Unleavened Bread, at theFeast of Weeks, and at the Feast ofTabernacles; and they shall not appear


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is also why YHWH tells us that the Feast of Sukkot is tobe a time of rejoicing at the many blessings that YHWHhas given us.

Devarim (Deuteronomy) 16:13-1713 "You shall observe the Feast ofTabernacles seven days, when youhave gathered from your threshingfloor and from your winepress.

First tithe

14 And you shall rejoice in your feast,you and your son and your daughter,your male servant and your female

servant and the Levite, the strangerand the fatherless and the widow, whoare within your gates.

Third tithe

15 Seven days you shall keep a sacredfeast to YHWH your Elohim in the

place which YHWH chooses, becauseYHWH your Elohim will bless you in allyour produce and in all the work ofyour hands, so that you surely rejoice.

Second tithe

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before YHWH empty-handed.17 Every man shall give as he is able,according to the blessing of YHWHyour Elohim which He has given you.

Great Commission. Heart condit ion.

The Feast of Sukkot is often thought of as being eightdays long. However, in actuality it is seven days long,and is then followed immediately by a one-day festivalcalled Shemini Atzeret, which means essentially, TheEighth Day Assembly, or The Last Great Day.

Vayiqra (Levit icus) 23:33-4433 Then YHWH spoke to Moshe,

saying,34 "Speak to the children of Israel,saying: 'The fifteenth day of thisseventh month shall be the Feast ofTabernacles for seven days to YHWH.35 On the first day there shall be a set-apart gathering. You shall do nocustomary work on it.

36 For seven days you shall offer anoffering made by fire to YHWH. On theeighth day you shall have a set-apartgathering, and you shall offer anoffering made by fire to YHWH. It is aset-apart assembly, and you shall dono customary work on it.


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saying, "If anyone thirsts , let him cometo Me and drink.38 He who believes in Me, as theScripture has said, out of his heart willflow rivers of living water."39 But this He spoke concerning the

Spirit whom those believing in Him

19 This shall be the punishment ofEgypt and the punishment of all thenations that do not come up to keepthe Feast of Tabernacles.

Ezekiel 45 further tells us that in the future, the Prince

of Israel will offer burnt offerings during the feast


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Spirit, whom those believing in Himwould receive; for the Set-apart Spiritwas not yet given, because Yeshuawas not yet glorified.40 Therefore many from the crowd,when they heard this saying, said,"Truly this is the Prophet."41 Others said, "This is the Messiah.

Zechariah 14 tells us that in the future, the nations ofthe world must come up to Jerusalem for the Feast ofTabernacles, or else they will have no rain.

Zechariah 14:16-2116 And it shall come to pass that

everyone who is left of all the nationswhich came against Jerusalem shallgo up from year to year to worship theKing, YHWH of hosts, and to keep theFeast of Tabernacles.17 And it shall be that whichever of thefamilies of the earth do not come up toJerusalem to worship the King, YHWH

of hosts, on them there will be no rain.18 If the family of Egypt will not comeup and enter in, they shall have norain; they shall receive the plague withwhich YHWH strikes the nations whodo not come up to keep the Feast ofTabernacles.

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of Israel will offer burnt offerings during the feast.

Yehezqel (Ezekiel) 45:2525 "In the seventh month, on thefifteenth day of the month, at the feast,he [the prince] shall do likewise forseven days, according to the sinoffering, the burnt offering, the grainoffering, and the oil."

The Book of Acts gives us an example of how YHWHprotects His people with tabernacles.

Maaseh (Acts) 15:12-1712 Then all the multitude kept silent

and listened to Barnabas and Shauldeclaring how many miracles andwonders Elohim had worked throughthem among the Gentiles.13 And after they had become silent,Yaakov answered, saying, "Men andbrethren, listen to me:14 Shimon has declared how Elohim at

the first v isited the Gentiles to take outof them a people for His name.15 And with this the words of theprophets agree, just as it is written:16 'After this I will return, and willrebuild the tabernacle of David, whichhas fallen down. I will rebuild its ruins,and I will set it up;


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8 Now there were in the same countryshepherds living out in the fields,keeping watch over their flock bynight. 9 And behold, a messenger ofYHWH stood before them, and theglory of YHWH shone around them,

and they were greatly afraid

The Eighth Day Assembly

When YHWH gave us the Torah Calendar, He did notchoose the days at random Rather He incorporated


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and they were greatly afraid.10 Then the angel said to them, "Donot be afraid, for behold, I bring yougood tidings of great joy which will beto all people.11 For there is born to you this day inthe city of David a Savior, who isMessiah YHWH.

And:

Mattai (Matthew) 2:7-127 Then Herod, when he had secretlycalled the wise men, determined fromthem what time the star appeared.

8 And he sent them to Bethlehem andsaid, "Go and search carefully for theyoung Child, and when you havefound Him, bring back word to me, thatI may come and worship Him also."9 When they heard the king, theydeparted; and behold, the star whichthey had seen in the East went before

them, till i t came and stood over wherethe young Child was.10 When they saw the star, theyrejoiced with exceedingly great joy.

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choose the days at random. Rather, He incorporatedspecific days into His calendar in order to give usprophetic shadow pictures of the things He haspurposed to come to pass.

In the last chapter on Sukkot we spoke briefly about theLast Great Day of the feast. This Last Great Day is

also called Shemini Atzeret, which means, essentially,The Assembly of the Eighth (Day).

While the Assembly of the Eighth is often thought ofsimply as the final day of the Feast of Sukkot, it isactually a separate festival. This is in much the sameway as the Passover is followed by the seven Days ofUnleavened Bread. However, in this case, the seven

days of Sukkot are followed by the one day Assemblyof the Eighth (Shemini Atzeret).

In Hebrew, the word Atzeret ( ) means not just an

assembly, but a very special kind of assembly. Itindicates that ones host is not letting one go home.Rather, ones host is holding one over for an extendedperiod of time. Strongs Concordance defines the word

atzeret (

) in this way:

OT:6116 àtsarah (ats-aw-raw'); oràtsereth (ats-eh'-reth); from OT:6113;an assembly, especially on a festivalor holiday:

When we look up the root at Strongs OT:6113, we get:

OT:6113 àtsar (aw-tsar'); a primitiveroot; to enclose; by analogy, to holdback; also to maintain, rule, assemble:KJV - be able, close up, detain, fast,keep (self close, sti ll), prevail, recover,

refrain reign restrain retain shut

But if the earth is to last for seven thousand years, thenwhy would the Feast of Sukkot last for eight days? Andwhat is the symbolism of the eighth day?

In truth, the Feast of Sukkot lasts only seven days. Weknow this because it is only for seven days that the

children of Israel are to dwell in booths


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refrain, reign, restrain, retain, shut(up), slack, stay, stop, withhold (self).

Shemini Atzeret, then, shows us that YHWH intends tohold us back, to detain us, or to close us up in somefashion for the eighth day. But in what way doesYHWH intend to detain us, or to hold us over?

The Apostle Kepha (Peter) tells us that one propheticday can symbolize a thousand earth years.

Kepha Bet (2nd

Peter) 3:88 But, beloved, do not forget this onething: that with YHWH, one day is as athousand years, and a thousand yearsis as one day.

Notice, then, that Scripture tells us that the CreationWeek was seven days long.

Breisheet (Genesis) 2:22 And on the seventh day Elohimended His work which He had done,

and He rested on the seventh day fromall His work which He had done.

If the Creation Week lasted seven days, and if oneprophetic day can represent a thousand earth years,then the Creation Week is symbolic of a seventhousand year plan for the earth and its inhabitants.

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children of Israel are to dwell in booths.

Vayiqra (Levit icus) 23:41-4341 You shall keep it as a feast toYHWH for seven days in the year. Itshall be a statute forever in yourgenerations. You shall celebrate it inthe seventh month.

42 You shall dwell in booths for sevendays. All who are native Israelites shalldwell in booths,43 that your generations may knowthat I made the children of Israel dwellin booths when I brought them out ofthe land of Egypt: I am YHWH yourElohim.'"

The eighth day of Sukkot, then, is really a separatefestival. Leviticus 23:36 tells us that we are to hold anassembly (

) on this eighth day in order to bring an

offering made by fire. We are also to do no ordinary orlaborious work.

Vayiqra (Leviticus) 23:3636 For seven days you shall offer anoffering made by fire to YHWH. On theeighth day you shall have a set-apartassembly, and you shall offer anoffering made by fire to YHWH. It is aset-apart assembly, and you shall dono customary work on it.

Verse 39 then tells us to keep the first and the eighthdays of the festival as set-apart sabbaths of rest.

Vayiqra (Leviticus) 23:3939 'Also on the fifteenth day of the

seventh month, when you have

19 I will rejoice in Jerusalem, and joyin My people; the voice of weepingshall no longer be heard in her, nor thevoice of crying.20 "No more shall an infant from therelive but a few days, nor an old man

who has not fulfilled his days; for the


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se e t o t , e you a egathered in the fruit of the land, youshall keep the feast of YHWH for sevendays; on the first day there shall be asabbath-rest, and on the eighth day asabbath-rest.

It may be that the first day of the feast symbolizes the

first day of the Creation Week, when YHWH Elohimcreated the heavens and the earth.

Breisheet (Genesis) 1:1-21 In the beginning Elohim created theheavens and the earth.2 The earth was made formless andvoid; and darkness was on the face ofthe deep.

If the first day of the Feast of Tabernacles symbolizesthe first day of Creation, could it be that Shemini

Atzeret symbolizes how we will go to the New Earth,which Isaiah speaks of?

Yeshayahu (Isaiah) 65:17-2517 "For behold, I create new heavensand a new earth; and the former shallnot be remembered or come to mind.18 But be glad and rejoice forever inwhat I create; for behold, I createJerusalem as a rejoicing, and herpeople a joy.

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o as ot u ed s days; o t echild shall die one hundred years old,But the sinner being one hundredyears old shall be accursed.

While the Feast of Tabernacles is symbolic of manythings, it is also symbolic of the New Earth, for theBook of the Revelation tells us that in the New Earth,

the Tabernacle of Elohim will be with men.

Gilyana (Revelation) 21:1-41 Now I saw a new heaven and a newearth, for the first heaven and the firstearth had passed away. Also there wasno more sea.2 Then I, Yochanan, saw the set-apartcity, New Jerusalem, coming down outof heaven from Elohim, prepared as abride adorned for her husband.3 And I heard a loud voice fromheaven saying, "Behold, theTabernacle of Elohim is with men, andHe will dwell with them, and they shall

be His people. Elohim Himself will bewith them, and be their Elohim.4 And Elohim wi ll wipe away everytear from their eyes; there shall be nomore death, nor sorrow, nor crying.There shall be no more pain, for theformer things have passed away.

If YHWH wills, we will explore this topic in much moredetail in the Josephs Returnstudy, as well as explorewhy Yeshua returns to take us to the New Earth at theend of the earths seven thousand years.

Once we understand the prophetic symbolism of the

number eight, we can begin to see this symbolism turnth h t th T h

Rather, we must wait until the start of the Assembly ofthe Eighth, after the Judgment, when YHWH will holdus over in the New Earth. Then we will Tabernaclewith Him.


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g , g yup throughout the Torah.

Vayiqra (Levit icus) 22:26-2726 And YHWH spoke to Moshe, saying:27 "When a bull or a sheep or a goat isborn, it shall be seven days with itsmother; and from the eighth day and

thereafter it shall be accepted as anoffering made by fire to YHWH.

Yeshua tells us that those who believe on Him are likeunto sheep, or to goats.

Mattai (Matthew) 25:3333 "When the Son of Man comes in Hisglory , and all the set-apart messengerswith Him, then He will sit on the throneof His glory.32 All the nations will be gatheredbefore Him, and He will separate themone from another, as a shepherddivides his sheep from the goats.

33 And He will set the sheep on Hisright hand, but the goats on the left.

For seven days, our sheep and our bulls and our goatsare not acceptable as sacrifice offerings unto YHWH.In much the same way, for seven thousand years, thesheep and the goats and the bulls who believe onYeshua are not acceptable into YHWHs kingdom.

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The Jubilees and the Shemittah

The first mention of the Jubilee is in Exodus 19:13,when Moshe received the Ten Commandments from

However, the flowing sound of the yovel is not alwaysassociated with silver trumpets. In the conquest of theLand of Canaan, the Yovel () is associated with

the rams horn (called a shofar). In Joshua 6:4-6 it iscalled the trumpet of rams horns ().


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YHWH at Mount Sinai. The word Jubilee is ha-yovel), which most English versions render simply as)

trumpet.

Exodus 19:13b

13b When the trumpetsounds long, they shallcome near the mountain."

)13(

Strongs Concordance tells us the word yovel ()

means trumpet; particularly silver trumpets.

OT:3104 yowbel (yo-bale'); or yobel(yob-ale'); apparently from OT:2986;the blast of a horn (from itscontinuous sound); specifically, thesignal of the silver trumpets; hence,the instrument itself and the festivalthus introduced: -jubile [sic], ram'shorn, trumpet.

The reference at OT:2896 has to do with flowing, andbringing forth, as in sounds (especially with pomp).

OT:2986 yabal (yaw-bal'); a primitiveroot; properly, to flow; causatively, tobring (especially with pomp):KJV - bring (forth), carry, lead (forth).

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Joshua 6:4-74 And seven priests shallbear seven trumpets oframs' horns before theark. But the seventh dayyou shall march aroundthe city seven times, andthe priests shall blow thetrumpets (shofarot).5 It shall come to pass,when they make a longblast with the ram's horn,and when you hear the

sound of the trumpet, thatall the people shall shoutwith a great shout; thenthe wall of the city will falldown flat. And the peopleshall go up every manstraight before him."6 Then Joshua the son of

Nun called the priests andsaid to them, "Take up theark of the covenant, andlet seven priests bearseven trumpets of rams'horns before the ark ofYHWH."

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Pass.

Wave 2 Om. 3 Om. 4 Om. 5 Om. 6 Om. Shabt

8 Om. 9 Om. 10 11 12 13 Shabt

15 16 17 18 19 20 Shabt

22 23 24 25 26 27 Shabt

29 30 31 32 33 34 Shabt36 37 38 39 40 41 Shabt

While the 49-year cycle has some attractive features,there are also some difficulties. Chief among these isthat the 49-year pattern appears to violate thecommandment given in Leviticus 25:3, which tells us toplant six years.


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36 37 38 39 40 41 Shabt

43 44 45 46 47 48 Shabt

Pent.

Pass. = Passover (Pesach)Wave = The Wave Sheaf Offering

Om. = What day of the Omer CountShabt = Shabbat (Seventh-Day Sabbath)Pent. = Pentecost (fiftieth day)

Those who teach a 49-year Jubilee cycle tell us thatthe 50thyear of the Jubilee cycle is also the 1styear ofthe new Jubilee cycle. This, they say, is because theYovel is built upon the Shemittot (Shemittah land

sabbaths), which are based upon the concept ofcounting seven years. They claim that the concept ofrecurring sevens is inviolable, and they also say that itmakes sense to count this way, because it appears tofollow the same pattern as the Pentecost cycle.

43 44 45 46 47 48 Shem

Yovel 2 3 4 5 6 Shem

8 9 10 11 12 13 Shem15 16 17 18 19 20 Shem

22 23 24 25 26 27 Shem

29 30 31 32 33 34 Shem

36 37 38 39 40 41 Shem

43 44 45 46 47 48 Shem

Yovel 2 3 4 5 6 Shem

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Vayiqra (Leviticus) 25:22 "Speak to the children ofIsrael, and say to them:'When you come into theland which I give you, thenthe land shall keep a

sabbath to YHWH.3 Six years you shall sowyour field, and six yearsyou shall prune yourvineyard, and gather itsfruit;4 but in the seventh yearthere shall be a sabbath ofsolemn rest for the land, asabbath to YHWH. Youshall neither sow your fieldnor prune your vineyard.

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This commandment to plant and reap for six years

before allowing the land to rest in the seventh yearappears to run parallel to the Fourth Commandment,which tells us to labor six days, and then to take a reston the seventh day.

Shemote (Exodus) 20:8-118 "Remember the Sabbath day, to keepit set apart.

9 Six days you shall labor and do allyour work,10 but the seventh day is the Sabbathof YHWH your Elohim. In it you shalldo no work: you, nor your son, noryour daughter, nor your male servant,

nor your female servant, nor yourcattle, nor your stranger who is within

36 37 38 39 40 41 Shem

43 44 45 46 47 48 Shem

Yovel 1 2 3 4 5 6

Shem 8 9 10 11 12 13

Shem 15 16 17 18 19 20

Shem 22 23 24 25 26 27

Shem 29 30 31 32 33 34Shem 36 37 38 39 40 41


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cattle, nor your stranger who is withinyour gates.11 For in six days YHWH made theheavens and the earth, the sea, and allthat is in them, and rested the seventhday. Therefore YHWH blessed theSabbath day and set it apart.

Leviticus 25:3 says to sow and reap six years beforegiving the land a rest. This is impossible on the 49-year Jubilee model, because it is unlawful to plant orreap during a Jubilee year.

49-year model 50-year model50 = 1 = plant Yovel 1 = plant

2 = plant 2 = plant

3 = plant 3 = plant

4 = plant 4 = plant

5 = plant 5 = plant

6 = plant 6 = plant

7 = Shemittah (rest) 7 = Shemittah (rest)

In the 49-year model, one also plants and reaps onlyfive years before letting the land rest. This is a directviolation of Leviticus 25:3, which tells us to sow ourfields and prune our vineyards for six years beforeallowing the land to rest. Therefore, proponents of the50-year Jubilee model tell us that the only model thatfits is the 50-year Jubilee model, shown below.

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Shem 36 37 38 39 40 41

Shem 43 44 45 46 47 48

Shem Yovel 1 2 3 4 5

6 Shem 8 9 10 11 12

13 Shem 15 16 17 18 19

20 Shem 22 23 24 25 26

27 Shem 29 30 31 32 3334 Shem 36 37 38 39 40

41 Shem 43 44 45 46 47

48 Shem Yovel 1 2 3 4

5 6 Shem 8 9 10 11

12 13 Shem 15 16 17 18

19 20 Shem 22 23 24 25

26 27 Shem 29 30 31 32

33 34 Shem 36 37 38 3940 41 Shem 43 44 45 46

47 48 Shem Yovel 1 2 3

4 5 6 Shem 8 9 10

11 12 13 Shem 15 16 17

18 19 20 Shem 22 23 24.

In the chart above, the position of the Shemittah yearseems to migrate backwards a year for every Jubileecycle. While this migration may not seem as visuallypleasing as the concept of continually counting seven(as in the 49-year model), it keeps the work six, thenrest pattern commanded both in Exodus 20:8-11, andin Leviticus 25:2-4.


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Judaism traditionally calls for an immersion (baptism)on the day before Yom Kippur, the most set-apart dayof the year.

Luqa (Luke) 3:21-23

21 When all the people wereimmersed, it came to pass that Yeshua

l i d d hil H

14 Then Yeshua returned in the powerof the Spirit to Galilee, and news ofHim went out through all thesurrounding region.15 And He taught in their synagogues,being glori fied by all.

16 So He came to Nazareth, where Hehad been brought up. And as His

t H t i t th


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also was immersed; and while Heprayed, the heaven was opened.22 And the Ruach HaKodesh (HolySpirit) descended in bodily form like adove upon Him, and a voice came fromheaven which said, "You are My

beloved Son; in You I am wellpleased."23 Now Yeshua Himself began Hisministry at about thi rty years of age.

As we will show in the next chapter on Hanukkah,Yeshua was probably born on the first day of the FallFeast of Sukkot (Tabernacles). Since Yom Kippur

takes place five days before Sukkot, Yeshua wouldhave been about thirty years of age when He beganHis ministry.

As another witness that Yeshuas ministry may havebegun around the Sukkot timeframe, notice that afterbeing tempted of the Devil for forty days, Yeshuareturned to Natseret (Nazareth), and announced thatHe had been sent to proclaim release to the captives.

Luqa (Luke) 4:13-2113 Now when the devil had endedevery temptation, he departed fromHim until an opportune time.

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custom was, He went into thesynagogue on the Sabbath day, andstood up to read.17 And He was handed the book of theprophet Isaiah. And when He hadopened the book, He found the place

where it was written:18 "The Spir it of YHWH is upon Me,Because He has anointed MeTo preach the Good News to the poor;He has sent Me to heal thebrokenhearted, to proclaim liberty tothe captives and recovery of sight tothe blind, to set at liberty those who

are oppressed;19 To proclaim the acceptable year ofYHWH.20 Then He closed the book, and gaveit back to the attendant and sat down.

And the eyes of all who were in thesynagogue were fixed on Him.21 And He began to say to them,"Today this Scripture is fulfilled inyour hearing.

Finally, we should state that in all Shemittah and Yovelyears, the Wave Sheaves are taken from wild barley,which may be symbolic of Ephraim.


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24 And when he had taken all away, hewent into his own land, having made agreat massacre, and spoken veryproudly.

Two years later, Antiochus sent tax collectors to speak

peaceable words to the people, so as to plunder thecity through deception. Then after collecting their taxesthey massacred the Jewish people and used the

35 They stored it also with armour andvictuals, and when they had gatheredtogether the spoils of Jerusalem, theylaid them up there, and so theybecame a sore snare:36 For it was a place to lie in wait

against the sanctuary, and an eviladversary to Israel.37 Thus they shed innocent blood on


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they massacred the Jewish people, and used themoney to set up a fortress within sight of the TempleMount, to kill anyone who brought an offering.

1 Maccabees 1:29-4029 And after two years fully expired

the king sent his chief collector oftribute unto the cities of Judah, whocame unto Jerusalem with a greatmultitude,30 and spake peaceable words untothem, but all was deceit: for when theyhad given him credence, he fellsuddenly upon the city, and smote it

very sore, and destroyed much peopleof Israel.31 And when he had taken the spoilsof the city, he set it on fire, and pulleddown the houses and walls thereof onevery side.32 but the women and children theytook captive, and possessed the cattle.33 Then builded they the city of Davidwith a great and strong wall, andmighty towers, and made it a stronghold for them.34 And they put therein a sinful nation,wicked men, and fortified themselvestherein.

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37 Thus they shed innocent blood onevery side of the sanctuary, anddefiled it:38 insomuch that the inhabitants ofJerusalem fled because of them:whereupon the city was made an

habitation of strangers, and becamestrange to those born in her; and herown chi ldren left her.39 Her sanctuary was laid waste like awilderness, her feasts turned intomourning, her Sabbaths into reproach,her honour into contempt.40 As had been her glory, so was her

dishonour increased, and herexcellency was turned into mourning.

Antiochus encouraged everyone in his empire toconvert to the Greek religious system, and issuedorders for the destruction of all dissenters.

1 Maccabees 1:41-5041 Moreover King Antiochus wrote tohis whole kingdom, that all should beone people,42 And every one should leave hislaws: so all the heathen agreedaccording to the commandment of theking.

43 Yea, many also of the Israelitesconsented to his religion, andsacrificed unto idols, and profaned theSabbath.44 For the king had sent letters bymessengers unto Jerusalem and the

cities of Juda [Judea], that they shouldfollow the strange laws of the land.45 And forbid burnt offerings and

52 Then many of the people weregathered unto them, to wit, every onethat forsook the Torah; and so theycommitted evils in the land;53 And drove the Israelites into secretplaces, even wheresoever they could

flee for succour [relief].

Having courted those who had no zeal for the Torah


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45 And forbid burnt offerings, andsacrifice, and drink offerings, in thetemple; and that they should profanethe Sabbaths and festival days:46 And pollute the sanctuary and theholy people:

47 Set up altars, and groves, andchapels of idols, and sacrifice swinesflesh, and unclean beasts:48 That they should also leave theirchildren uncircumcised, and maketheir souls abominable with all mannerof uncleanness and profanation:49 To the end they might forget the

Torah, and change all the ordinances.50 And whosoever would not doaccording to the commandment of theking, he should d ie.

Between his incentives for Greek worship and penaltiesfor YHWH worship, Antiochus was largely successful ingetting many of the people to abandon the Torah.

1 Maccabees 1:51-5351 In the selfsame manner wrote he tohis whole kingdom, and appointedoverseers over all the people,commanding the cities of Juda [Judea]to sacrifice, city by city.

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Having courted those who had no zeal for the Torah,and persecuting YHWHs followers, Antiochus ordereda statue of Zeus to be erected in the Temple, and hecommanded pigs to be sacrificed on the altar.

1 Maccabees 1:54-59

54 Now the fifteenth day of Kislev (theninth month), in the hundred and fortyfifth year, they set up the Abominationof Desolation upon the altar, andbuilded idol altars throughout thecities of Judea on every side.55 And burnt incense at the doors oftheir homes, and in the streets.

56 And when they had rent in piecesthe books of the law which they found,they burnt them with fire.57 And wheresoever was found withany the book of the testament, or ifany consented to the law, the kingscommandment was, that they shouldbe put to death.58 Thus they did by their authorityunto the Israelites every month, to asmany as were found in the cities.59 Now on the five and twentieth dayof the month they did sacrifice uponthe idol altar, which was upon the altarof [Elohim].


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from them, he found of these prieststwenty-four courses, sixteen of thehouse of Eleazar, and eight of that ofIthamar; and he ordained that onecourse should minister to [Elohim]eight days, from Sabbath to Sabbath.

366 And thus were the coursesdistributed by lot, in the presence ofDavid, and Zadok and Abiathar thehi h i t d f ll th l d

We know from 1stChronicles 24:10 that the division ofAviyah served in the eighth week.

Divre HaYamim (1 Chronicles) 24:7-107 Now the first lot fell to Yehoiariv, thesecond to Yedaiah,

8 the third to Harim, the fourth toSeorim,9 the fifth to Malchiyah, the sixth toMi i


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high priests, and of all the rulers: andthat course which came up first waswritten down as the first, andaccordingly the second, and so on tothe twenty-fourth; and this partition

has remained to this day.[Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews7:365-366 (Alt: VII 14:7)]

Those wishing to verify Josephus summation fromScripture alone should reference 1stChronicles 9:1-26,1st Chronicles 28:11-14 and 2nd Chronicles 23:1-8.However, since Josephus summation is so much

shorter and more compact, we will not reproduce all ofthese passages here.

Luke tells us that Yochanan HaMatbils (John theBaptists) father Zechariah was of the priestly divisionof Aviyah (Abijah).

Luqa (Luke) 1:5

5 There was in the days of Herod, theking of Judea, a certain priest namedZacharias, of the division of Aviyah.His wife was of the daughters of

Aaron, and her name was Elisheva.

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Miyamin,10 the seventh to Hakkoz, the eighth to

Aviyah.

Since the priestly courses began at the Head of the

Year, and since the priests served from Sabbath toSabbath, and since Zechariah belonged to the eighthpriestly division, Zechariah would have served in theTemple from the eighth week of the year, to the ninth.However, since all the priests served in the Templeduring the three annual pilgrimage festivals, and sinceShavuot (Pentecost) was in the ninth week, Zechariahwould not have gone home right away, but would have

stayed at the Temple, returning home after Shavuotwas over. Luke 1:23-24 confirms this, and it tells usthat Zechariahs wife Elisheva (Elisabeth) conceivedafter Zechariah had returned home.

Luqa (Luke) 1:8-258 So it was, that while he was servingas priest before Elohim in the order of

his division,9 according to the custom of thepriesthood, his lot fell to burn incensewhen he went into the Temple ofYHWH.


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Luqa (Luke) 1:26-3826 Now in the sixth month themessenger Gabriel was sent by Elohimto a ci ty of Galilee named Nazareth,27 to a virgin betrothed to a man

whose name was Yosef, of the houseof David. The virgin's name wasMiriam.28 And having come in the messenger

is to be born will be called the Son ofElohim.36 Now indeed, Elizabeth your relativehas also conceived a son in her oldage; and this is now the sixth monthfor her who was called barren.

37 For with Elohim nothing will beimpossible."38 Then Miriam said, "Behold themaidservant of YHWH! Let it be to me


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28 And having come in, the messengersaid to her, "Rejoice, highly favoredone, YHWH is with you; blessed areyou among women!"29 But when she saw him, she was

troubled at his saying, and consideredwhat manner of greeting this was.30 Then the messenger said to her,"Do not be afraid, Miriam, for you havefound favor with Elohim.31 And behold, you will conceive inyour womb and bring forth a Son, andshall call His name Yeshua.

32 He will be great, and will be calledthe Son of the Highest; and YHWHElohim will give Him the throne of Hisfather David.33 And He will reign over the house ofJacob forever, and of His kingdomthere will be no end."34 Then Miriam said to the messenger,

"How can this be, since I do not knowa man?"35 And the messenger answered andsaid to her, "The Set apart Spirit willcome upon you, and the power of theHighest will overshadow you;therefore, also, that Set apart One who

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maidservant of YHWH! Let it be to meaccording to your word." And themessenger departed from her.

Continuing onward, verse 39 tells us that Miriam left

Nazareth with haste to go visit Elisheva. We cansurmise that Miriam was already pregnant at that timebecause Elisheva, filled with the Set-apart Spirit,blessed the fruit of Miriams womb (i.e., Yeshua).

Luqa (Luke) 1:39-4539 Now Miriam arose in those daysand went into the hill country with

haste, to a city of Judah,40 and entered the house of Zechariahand greeted Elisheva.41 And it happened, when Elishevaheard the greeting of Miriam, that thebabe leaped in her womb; andElisheva was filled with the Set-apartSpirit.

42 Then she spoke out with a loudvoice and said, "Blessed are youamong women, and blessed is the frui tof your womb!43 But why is this granted to me, thatthe mother of my Master should cometo me?


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2 While he tasted the wine, Belshazzargave the command to bring the goldand silver vessels which his (fore)father Nebuchadnezzar had taken fromthe temple which had been inJerusalem, (so) that the king and his

lords, his wives, and his concubinesmight drink from them.3 Then they brought the gold vesselsthat had been taken from the temple of

Daniel 5:18-3118 O king, the Most High Elohim gaveNebuchadnezzar your (fore) father akingdom and majesty, glory andhonor.

19 And because of the majesty that Hegave him, all peoples, nations, andlanguages trembled and feared beforehim. Whomever he wished, he


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pthe house of Elohim which had been inJerusalem; and the king and his lords,his wives, and his concubines drankfrom them.

4 They drank wine, and praised thegods of gold and silver, bronze andiron, wood and stone.

Because Belshazzars heart was lifted up, and becausehe purposefully denigrated the Temple vessels, YHWHgave Belshazzar a sign that he was soon to die.

Daniel 5:5-65 In the same hour the fingers of aman's hand appeared and wroteopposite the lampstand on the plasterof the wall of the king's palace; and theking saw the part of the hand thatwrote.6 Then the king's countenance

changed, and his thoughts troubledhim, so that the joints of his hips wereloosened and his knees knockedagainst each other.

However, since no one understood the writing, theybrought in the prophet Daniel to interpret the sign.

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,executed; whomever he wished, hekept alive; whomever he wished, heset up; and whomever he wished, heput down.

20 But when his heart was lifted up,and his spirit was hardened in pride,he was deposed from his kinglythrone, and they took his glory fromhim.21 Then he was driven from the sonsof men, his heart was made like thebeasts, and his dwelling was with the

wild donkeys. They fed him with grasslike oxen, and his body was wet withthe dew of heaven, till he knew that theMost High Elohim rules in the kingdomof men, and appoints over it whomeverHe chooses.22 "But you his son, Belshazzar, havenot humbled your heart, although you

knew all this.23 And you have lifted yourself upagainst the Master of heaven. Theyhave brought the vessels of His housebefore you, and you and your lords,your wives and your concubines, havedrunk wine from them. And you have

praised the elohim (g-ds) of silver andgold, bronze and iron, wood andstone, which do not see or hear orknow; and the Elohim who holds yourbreath in His hand and owns all yourways, you have not glori fied.

24 Then the fingers of the hand weresent from Him, and this writing waswritten.25 "And this is the inscription that was

Ezra 1:1-41 Now in the first year of Koresh kingof Persia, that the word of YHWH bythe mouth of Jeremiah might befulfilled, YHWH stirred up the spirit of

Koresh king of Persia, so that he madea proclamation throughout all hiskingdom, and also put it in writing,saying,


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written:MENE, MENE, TEKEL, UPHARSIN.26 This is the interpretation of eachword. MENE: Elohim has numbered

your kingdom, and finished it;27 TEKEL: You have been weighed inthe balances, and found wanting;28 PERES: Your kingdom has beendivided, and given to the Medes andPersians."29 Then Belshazzar gave thecommand, and they clothed Daniel

with purple and put a chain of goldaround his neck, and made aproclamation concerning him that heshould be the third ruler in thekingdom.30 That very night Belshazzar, king ofthe Chaldeans, was slain.31 And Darius the Mede received the

kingdom, being about sixty-two yearsold.

King Darius the Mede was then succeeded by Koresh(Cyrus) of Persia. YHWH then led Koresh to proclaima release for all of the Jews, so they could return to theLand of Israel if they so chose. However, very few did.

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2 Thus says Koresh king of Persia:Al l the kingdoms of the earth YHWHElohim of heaven has given me. AndHe has commanded me to build Him a

house at Jerusalem which is in Judah.3 Who is among you of all His people?May his Elohim be with him, and lethim go up to Jerusalem which is inJudah, and build the house of YHWHElohim of Israel (He is Elohim), whichis in Jerusalem.4 And whoever is left in any place

where he dwells, let the men of hisplace help him with silver and gold,with goods and livestock, besides thefreewill offerings for the house ofElohim which is in Jerusalem.

The total number of Jews returning was just over fortytwo thousand, which was but a small percentage of the

millions of Jews living in Media-Persia at that time.

Ezra 2:6464 The whole assembly together wasforty-two thousand three hundred andsixty.


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11 (This is a copy of the letter that theysent him): To King Artaxerxes fromyour servants, the men of the regionbeyond the River, and so forth:12 Let it be known to the king that theJews who came up from you havecome to us at Jerusalem, and arebuilding the rebellious and evil city,and are finishing its walls andrepairing the foundations.13 L t it b k t th ki

companions who dwell in Samaria (i.e.,the Samaritans), and to the remainderbeyond the River:Peace, and so forth.18 The letter which you sent to us hasbeen clearly read before me.19 And I gave the command, and asearch has been made, and it wasfound that this city in former times hasrevolted against kings, and rebellion

d diti h b f t d i i t


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13 Let it now be known to the kingthat, if this city is built and the wallscompleted, they will not pay tax,tribute, or custom, and the king's

treasury will be diminished.14 Now because we receive supportfrom the palace, it was not proper forus to see the king's dishonor;therefore we have sent and informedthe king,15 that search may be made in thebook of the records of your fathers.

And you will find in the book of therecords and know that this city is arebellious city, harmful to kings andprovinces, and that they have incitedsedition within the city in former times,for which cause this city wasdestroyed.16 We inform the king that if this city is

rebuilt and i ts walls are completed, theresult will be that you will have nodominion beyond the River (i.e., theEuphrates).17 The king sent an answer:To Rehum the commander, toShimshai the scribe, to the rest of their

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and sedition have been fostered in i t.20 There have also been mighty kingsover Jerusalem, who have ruled overall the region beyond the River; and

tax, tribute, and custom were paid tothem.21 Now give the command to makethese men cease, that this c ity may notbe built until the command is given byme.22 Take heed now that you do not failto do this. Why should damage

increase to the hurt of the kings?23 Now when the copy of King

Artaxerxes' letter was read beforeRehum, Shimshai the scribe, and theircompanions, they went up in haste toJerusalem against the Jews, and byforce of arms made them cease.24 Thus the work of the house of

Elohim which is at Jerusalem ceased,and it was discontinued until thesecond year of the reign of Darius k ingof Persia.

Now that we understand the history that took placebefore it, the stage is set for the Book of Ester to begin.


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Haman, the son of Hammedatha theAgagite, which he wrote to annihilatethe Jews who are in all the king'sprovinces.6 For how can I endure to see the evilthat will come to my people? Or howcan I endure to see the destruction of

my countrymen?"7 Then King Ahasuerus said to QueenEsther and Mordecai the Jew, "Indeed,I have given Esther the house ofHaman and they have hanged him on

forces of any people or province thatwould assault them, both little childrenand women, and to plunder theirpossessions,12 on one day in all the provinces ofKing Ahasuerus, on the thirteenth dayof the twelfth month, which is the

month of Adar.

When the thirteenth day of the twelfth month came, theJews enemies were overpowered.


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Haman, and they have hanged him onthe gallows because he tried to lay hishand on the Jews.8 You yourselves write a decreeconcerning the Jews, as you please, inthe king's name, and seal it with theking's signet ring; for whatever iswritten in the king's name and sealedwith the king's signet ring no one canrevoke."

Shortly after Pentecost, messengers went forth with anew decree, nullifying the earlier evil, and stating thatthe Jews could defend themselves against anyone whowould attack them on that day.

Esther 8:10-1210 And he wrote in the name of King

Ahasuerus, sealed it wi th the king 's

signet ring, and sent letters bycouriers on horseback, riding on royalhorses bred from swi ft steeds.11 By these letters the king permittedthe Jews who were in every city togather together and protect their lives to destroy, kil l, and annihi late all the

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Esther 9:11 Now in the twelfth month, that is, themonth of Adar, on the thirteenth day,the time came for the king's commandand his decree to be executed. On theday that the enemies of the Jews hadhoped to overpower them, theopposite occurred, in that the Jewsthemselves overpowered those whohated them.

Hamans ten sons were also put to death.

Esther 9:6-146 And in Shushan the citadel the Jewskilled and destroyed five hundred men.7 Also Parshandatha, Dalphon,

Aspatha,

8 Poratha, Adalia, Aridatha,9 Parmashta, Arisai, Aridai, andVajezatha 10 the ten sons of Haman the son ofHammedatha, the enemy of the Jews they killed; but they did not lay ahand on the plunder.


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Spring Festivals > > > > > > Fall Festivals

[Rabbinical Tu BShevat][Traditional Jewish New

Year for Trees]

Yom Teruah(Trumpets)The Bridegroom comes for

His bride

Purim(before Pesach)The bride-to-be is tested,and turns back to Him.

Traditionally celebrated byeating and drinking, andthen starting to cleanse

Yom HaKippurim(canalso be translated, a Day

like the Purim)The bride-to-be is taken in

marriage.No eating drinking or any

Additionally, there are parallels between the first andthe seventh months.

First Month (Aviv) > > > > > > Seventh Month

Day 1The Tabernacle was put

into service on the firstday of the first month

(reference Exodus 40:2)

Day 1Traditionally, Yeshua our

Temple, will return on thefirst day of the first month

(Yom Teruah)

Day 10The Passover Lamb is

Day 10Two goats are chosen


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then starting to cleanseones house of leaven

No eating, drinking, or anyother pleasures of the

flesh.

Pesach and UnleavenedBread. A one day feastfollowed by a seven day

feast. All native Israelitesmust eat unleavened

bread

Sukkot and SheminiAtzeret. A seven dayfeast followed by a one

day feast. All nativeIsraelites must dwell in

sukkot.

Pentecost(Shavuot)Traditionally, the bridewas given the Torah on

this day as a maritalcovenant (ketubah).

[Shemini Atzeret][Traditionally, the bride

rejoices, from whence thetradition of Simchat

Torah comes]

Second Passover

A second opportunity tocelebrate Passover, forthose who were unclean

at the first Passover

Chanukah

Originally established as asecond sukkot, since theMaccabees were fightingthe Greeks during Sukkot.

Physical renewal Spiritual renewal

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The Passover Lamb ischosen

Two goats are chosen,one for YHWH, and one

for Azazel (Satan).

Day 10The Feast of the Passover

and Unleavened Breadbasically begins here, andfive days later, Israel willbe freed from bondage

Day 10Jubilee (Release) is

declared, when Israeliteslaves are released frombondage, and property

returns to its owner

Day 10Israel enters the Promised

Land (Joshua 4:9)

Day 10High Sabbath of rest

Day 14/15YHWHs people enterinside their houses for

protection

Day 15YHWHs people enter intotheir sukkot for protection

Day 15Israel begins dwelling inSukkot while traveling inthe Wilderness of Sinai

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