The Third Genesis: Creation of Eukaryotes CREATION NARRATIVE: THE THIRD GENESIS "The origin of...
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Transcript of The Third Genesis: Creation of Eukaryotes CREATION NARRATIVE: THE THIRD GENESIS "The origin of...
The Third Genesis: Creation of Eukaryotes
CREATION NARRATIVE: THE THIRD GENESIS
"The origin of eukaryotes is a huge enigma and a major challenge for evolutionary biology."
Eugene V. Koonin, NIH (2010)
ParameciumDavid C. BossardChapter 8
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The Third Genesis: Creation of Eukaryotes
CREATION NARRATIVE: THE THIRD GENESIS Cont.
Superficial differences from bacteria (prokaryotes):
• A nucleus – think of an egg yolk
• Larger size – 50x larger on average
• Greater variety of shapes – Bacteria are balloon-shaped
… these are just markers for fundamental differences. 2
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The Third Genesis: Creation of EukaryotesCREATION NARRATIVE: THE THIRD GENESIS Cont.
Differences in more depth: The Nucleus protects DNA by physical isolation and by error
correction while copying genes (more than bacteria)
DNA in Chromosomes, not circular as in bacteria
Invention of Mitosis (asexual) and Meiosis (sexual)cell duplication. Complex; All eukaryotes have both.
David C. BossardChapter 8 4
The Third Genesis: Creation of Eukaryotes
ORGANELLES
CREATION NARRATIVE – EUKARYOTE INNOVATIONS
The Nucleus is one of several organelles in a eukaryote: Mitochondria – The power plant (make
ATP) Endoplastic Reticulum – The factory Golgi Apparatus - The post office (+ others that depend on the cell's
function)
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The Third Genesis: Creation of Eukaryotes
Innovations:Internal structure – the cytoskeleton
CREATION NARRATIVECREATION NARRATIVE – EUKARYOTE INNOVATIONS
Eukaryote cytoskeleton (From Wikipedia)Blue = nucleus; green = microtubules; red = microfiliaments 6
The Third Genesis: Creation of Eukaryotes
Innovations:Internal structure – the cytoskeleton
CREATION NARRATIVECREATION NARRATIVE – EUKARYOTE INNOVATIONS
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The Third Genesis: Creation of Eukaryotes
Internal structure – Motor transport system (Kinesin)
CREATION NARRATIVE – EUKARYOTE INNOVATIONS
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The Creation of Plants and Animals
CREATION NARRATIVECREATION NARRATIVE – PLANTS AND ANIMALS
"The magnates walk first*."Hugh Miller (1858)
"We know, further, so far at least as we have yet succeeded in deciphering the record, -- that the several dynasties were introduced, not in their lower, but in their higher forms; that, in short, in the imposing programme of creation it was arranged, as a general rule, that in each of the great divisions of the procession the magnates should walk first."
Hugh Miller, Footprints of the Creator (3rd. Ed. (1858) p. 325)
David C. BossardMagnates Walk First
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The Creation of Plants and Animals
CREATION NARRATIVECREATION NARRATIVE – PLANTS AND ANIMALS
"The magnates walk first*."Hugh Miller (1858)
"We know, further, so far at least as we have yet succeeded in deciphering the record, -- that the several dynasties were introduced, not in their lower, but in their higher forms; that, in short, in the imposing programme of creation it was arranged, as a general rule, that in each of the great divisions of the procession the magnates should walk first."
Hugh Miller, Footprints of the Creator (3rd. Ed. (1858) p. 325)
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The Creation of Plants and Animals
CREATION NARRATIVE – PLANTS AND ANIMALS
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The Creation of Animals
CREATION NARRATIVE – PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Most marine animal phyla (body plans) appear in the Cambrian Era (around 525 Mya). This was when the homeobox genes were invented.
Homeobox genes "invented"– regulate patterns of anatomical
development(eyes, appendages, etc.)
David C. BossardAlgorithms
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The Creation of Plants
CREATION NARRATIVE – PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Spores give Earliest Evidence of (multi-cellular)
ca. 470 My ago
Spore Tetrads (Devonian, ca. 410 Mya)David C. BossardChapter 10
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The Creation of Plants
CREATION NARRATIVE – PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Earliest Plant Fossils – Cooksonia, Ca. 416 Mya.
Cooksonia ca. 416 Mya Rhynia ca. 400 MyaDavid C. BossardChapter 10
Ejecting sperm cells
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The Creation of Plants
CREATION NARRATIVECREATION NARRATIVE – PLANTS AND ANIMALS
The Creation of Plants
CREATION NARRATIVECREATION NARRATIVE – PLANTS AND ANIMALS
Most plant phyla (body plans) appear in the Devonian Age(around 410-350 Mya) after completion of the ozone layer.
David C. BossardChapter 10 Devonian Scene Carboniferous Scene 15
RECAPTHE CREATION NARRATIVE
Achievements of the past 60 years:• Big Bang Cosmology
• Age of Universe• How Primordial Matter formed
• Origin of the Elements (B2FH)• Earth's Origin• Biosphere's Formation & Dependence on Life• Geologic Evidence of Life
• Carbon Evidence -- earliest Life* Fossil Narrative of Speciation and Development
• Genetic Narrative• Central Dogma• Gene Sequencing• Implication for Species Relationships
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THE END
CREATION NARRATIVECREATION NARRATIVE – CONCLUSIONS
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