The Summarizing Skills

8/3/2019 The Summarizing Skills

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The Summarizing Skills



Summarizing involves putting the main idea(s)

into your own words, including only the main

point(s).

It is necessary to attribute summarized ideas

to the original source.

Summaries are significantly shorter than the

original and take a broad overview of the

source material.



Identifying the Skill

Summarizing is skill that require students to

reprocess information and express it in their own

words. This skill enhance student comprehension

because they require active reading and listening.

They also lead to long-term mastery of

information as students go beyond simplyunderstanding to being able to express that

understanding.



A summary is an overview, in the studentswords, of the most important information fromreading, lectures, or multi-media sources.

Sometimes there is so much information thatstudents get lost in the details; a summaryenables them to see the greater picture. A summary is always shorter than the originalmaterial.

A summary is primarily based on main ideas.



Practice applying the skill.

Using Two-Column Notes

In order to write a summary, a student must firstidentify the main ideas.

Begin teaching summarizing skills by using two-column notes as a basis for creating a simplesummary.

The main ideas from the left side of the notetaking page form a basic outline; the studentturns these main idea phrases into sentences towrite a summary.



Students can use two-column notes from

previous lessons to practice writing summaries,

or as they take notes, teachers can ask them to

use these notes to write a summary.

With high school students, teachers can require

that students write summaries from lecture notesas a way to develop good habits for study and

note review.



While it takes practice, it is helpful if students realize a fewthings about summarizing.

First, students must learn that the order of main ideas is

flexible once they are taken out of the text. Also, two main ideas may be combined into one sentence,

or the last main idea may become the topic sentence of thesummary.

There is no set formula for determining the order of mainideas, so the best way to teach summarizing is throughmodeling and class discussion. Example 4C lists the six stepsto write a summary.



How to Write a Summary

1. Read the material and distinguish the main ideas from the details.

2. List the main ideas in phrase form.

3. Group the main ideas into logical categories the order inwhich you read the main ideas is not always the best order for

writing a summary.

4. Turn the main ideas into sentences and combine them into a paragraph usingtransitional words. Include a topic sentence.

5. Proofread a first draft for punctuation, spelling, and unity.

6. Make a final copy with neat handwriting.



Using a Variety of Materials

As students develop their summarizing skills,

teachers should use less structured materialthat is longer and more complex for summary

practice.

Teachers should be sure to give students

practice summarizing material from different

subject areas.



Here are some suggestions for integrating summarizing skills into

classroom work:

1. When reviewing material in class, ask questions that require

students to summarize information.

2. Give students prepared summaries as models of what was covered in classduring the week.

3. At the end of a lecture, or as a review of an assigned reading,

require the class to create a summary through group discussion and writeit on the board.

4. Ask students to present oral summaries as reviews of assigned

readings or previous lectures.



Review and Feedback of Simulation

CHECKLIST:1. Reread your source until you fully understand it.

1. Write a one sentence restatement of the source's main idea without looking atthe source.

2. Use the texts main idea as your summary's topic sentence.

3. Pull out the texts main ideas.

4. Write the summary in your own words. Avoid looking at your source while writingyour summary.

5. If you must include some of the source's original words and phrases, quote andparaphrase accurately.

6. Document the source's author, title, date of publication and any other importantcitation information.



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