THE SUBJUNCTIVE. What is the subjunctive? It is uncertain ??? - It’s used to express uncertainty...
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Transcript of THE SUBJUNCTIVE. What is the subjunctive? It is uncertain ??? - It’s used to express uncertainty...
THE SUBJUNCTIVE
What is the subjunctive?
It is uncertain
???
- It’s used to express uncertainty No creo que sepas. (I don’t think you know.)
Indicative vs. Subjunctive
The indicative expresses a plain statement of fact.
The subjunctive is used after verbs and
expressions that involve uncertainty.
Haces ejercicio.Es necesario que
hagas ejercicio.You exercise. It’s necessary that you
exercise.
Indicative vs. Subjunctive
In the previous example:
Es necesario que hagas ejercicio.
Someone needs to exercise, but will they?
Because we don’t know, (it is uncertain) we use the subjunctive.
So, how do we form the subjunctive?
Forming the subjunctive
Remember how to make usted commands?
Take the yo form correr Yo corroChange ending:Ar: eEr/ir: a
corro corra
What does this have to do with the subjunctive?
Forming the subjunctive
The subjunctive is formed the same way:
Take the yo form correr Yo corroChange ending:Ar: e +Er/ir: a +
corro corra
?Indicative subjunctive
Why is there a + after e or a?
Forming the subjunctive
+ = more letters.
Yo coma
Are these letters in red the same as those in our conjugation chart?
watch
Tú comas
Ella coma
Nosotros comamos
Vosotros comáis
Ellos coman
Forming the subjunctive
Yes they are. Remember:
1-Begin w/yo form2-switch ending: ar-> e+
er/ir->a+
3- add letters from chart (if necessary)
Need something simpler?
Forming the subjunctive
If the rules I mentioned before are too confusing, you can try memorizing the endings (like we did with the present tense)
-ar -> e+Yo Cante Nosotros cantemosTú cantes Vosotros cantáisElla cante Ellos canten
Forming the subjunctive
–er and –ir verbs share the same endings
-er -> a+Yo comaTú comasElla comaNosotros comamosVosotros comáisEllos coman
-ir -> a+Yo vivaTú vivasElla vivaNosotros vivamosVosotros viváisEllos vivan