The study of microscopic agents as they relate to … 1...The study of microscopic agents as they...
Transcript of The study of microscopic agents as they relate to … 1...The study of microscopic agents as they...
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BIO 205 – Microbiology for Health Professionals
The study of microscopic agents as they relate to human health
The causes of infectious disease.The control of infectious disease.Host defenses against infectious disease.Host pathology caused by infectious disease and avoidance of infection transmission.
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Causes of Mortality Table
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Causes of Mortality Chart
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Microbiology-related Study
BacteriologyVirologyMycologyParasitologyImmunologyPathologyEpidemiology
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Types of Microbes Microbe alternate terms
Germs, microorganisms, pathogens, agents, bugs
Groups of MicrobesVirusesBacteriaFungiProtists or Protozoa Helminths
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Microbial diversity image
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Organization of organismsAtomic Molecular
Macromolecular, BiochemicalOrganelle
Cell organsViruses
CellularSingle celled organisms BacteriaFungi
Tissues Organs Organ systems Multi-system organisms
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Size scale
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Size scale
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Cell theoryCell theory definition
Cells are the smallest unit of lifeAbility to reproduce and metabolizeAll living things are made up of individual cells
Types of cellular organismsAnimals, Plants, Fungi, Protists, Bacteria
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Living organisms image
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Acellular AgentsCharacteristics
Lack ability to reproduce and metabolizeNot organisms or living
Obligate intracellular parasitesSubcellular size
Types of Acellular MicrobesViruses
Organelle sizedViroids
Nucleic acid Prions
Protein molecule
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Size comparison of agents image 1
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Bacteria on human cell photo
Human cheek epithelial cell
nucleus
Streptococci
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Viruses on a Streptococci photo
nucleus
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Size comparison of cells image 2
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Prokaryotic cell characteristics Unicellular or single celled organismsSmallest living organisms
BacteriaSimple components and organellesNo nuclear membrane
free chromosome
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Eukaryotic cell characteristicsSingle celled and multicelled organisms Largest living organismsComplex organellesNuclear membranes
Multiple chromosomes
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Comparison of Cells and Viruses
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Germ theoryInfectious diseases are caused by specific microbesInfectious microbes cause specific pathology (damage) and symptomsInfectious disease microbes are also termed
Infectious agentsCausative agentsPathogens
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Pasteur’s germ experiment
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Determination of infection causative agentKoch's Postulates
1.The microorganism must be detectable in the infected host at every stage of the disease.
2.The microorganism must be isolated from the diseased host and grown in pure culture.
3.When susceptible, healthy animals are infected with pathogens from the pure culture, the specific symptoms of the disease must occur.
4.The microorganism must be re-isolated from the diseased animal and correspond to the original microorganism in pure
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Koch’s postulates image
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Diseases and SyndromesInfectious diseases and syndromes
A disease transmitted only by contactand caused by an infectious agent
Noninfectious or Chronic diseasesSymptoms are not transmissible and usually not caused by a microbe
OsteoarthritisChronic disease caused by an infectious agent after the agent is absent
Lyme disease
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World-wide Infection Rates
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Disease Pathology Pathology is tissue damage and inflammation
Pathology causes symptomsPathology terms relating to specific tissues or organs not relating to the cause
Pneumonia – lungsHepatitis – liverDermatitis - skin Meningitis – menningesGingivitis - gums Arthritis - joints
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Bacterial Diseases & Agents
Pharyngitis - Strep throat Streptococcus pyogenesFlesh-eating forms
GangreneClostridium difficule
Bubonic or Black plagueYersinia pestis
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Streptococcus pyogenes photosStrept chains on human cell Strept chains close up
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Clostridial myonecrosis pathology image
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Bubonic plague image
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Fungal Diseases & Agents
Valley feverCaused by Coccidiodies immitisFlu-like symptomsSpread by inhalation of soil & dust
Athletes foot, Jock itchCaused by dermatophytes (mold)
Dermophyton or TricophytonSymptoms include rash &itching
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Coccidiomycosis image
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Mold growth on host image
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Viral Diseases & AgentsColds
Rhinovirus
Severe Acute Respiratory SyndromeCoronavirus
AIDS Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)Retrovirus (RNA DNA)
Childhood Measles (red rash)Rubeola virus
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AIDS image
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Rubeola photo
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Protozoal Diseases & AgentsDysentery
Entamoeba histolyticaIngested cysts produce trophozoitesDiarrhea and abdominal painFecal contaminated food or water
GiardiasisGiardia lambliaIngested cysts produce trophozoitesVomiting & diarrheaFecal contaminated water
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Amebic dysentery image
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Giardia lamblia image
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Helminths or Worm Diseases & Agents
Malaria PlasmodiumViolent chills & feverRed blood cells ruptureCarried by mosquito vector
PinwormEnterobius
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Plasmodium life cycle image
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Enterobius infection cycle image