THE STALIN REVOLUTION (CON’T)

THE GREAT TERROR

THE STALIN REVOLUTION (CON’T)

THE GREAT TERROR

Origins and Consequences

Purge of Party members

Targets:

Sergei Kirov, killed Dec. 1934

Lev Kamenev, executed 1936

Grigorii Zinoviev, executed 1936

Stalin accuses at a “show trial”

THE STALIN REVOLUTION (CON’T)

THE GREAT TERROR

Origins and Consequences

Army (especially officers)

Targets:

Marshal Mikhail Tukhashevky, executed 1937

THE STALIN REVOLUTION (CON’T)

THE GREAT TERROR

Origins and Consequences

Intellectuals, artists, writers, religious figures

Targets:

Poet Osip Mandelstam, executed 1938

THE STALIN REVOLUTION (CON’T)

THE GREAT TERROR

Origins and Consequences

Those who expressed opposition

Targets:

Arrival at the GULAG

THE STALIN REVOLUTION (CON’T)

THE GREAT TERROR

Origins and Consequences

NKVD

Targets:

Lavrenti Beria

Nikolai Ezhov, head of the NKVD, executed 1939

“Ezhovshchina”

THE STALIN REVOLUTION (CON’T)

THE GREAT TERROR

Numbers of victims

Myths & Controversies:

THE STALIN REVOLUTION (CON’T)

THE GREAT TERROR

Reduced country to stunned silence

Myths & Controversies:

“Black Ravens”

Victims innocent of any opposition to Stalin

Workers vote for death penalty

THE STALIN REVOLUTION (CON’T)

THE GREAT TERROR

Terror entirely directed from center (i.e. by Stalin)

Myths & Controversies:

Stalin signing death warrant

Purge committee

THE STALIN REVOLUTION (CON’T)

THE GREAT TERROR

Creation of new consciousness

Myths & Controversies:

THE STALIN REVOLUTION (CON’T)

THE GREAT TERROR

Myths & Controversies:

Break with international communism

Break with Marxism-Leninism