THE SPREADING OF THE ISLAMIC FAITH

THE SPREAD OF ISLAM

Read pages 256 - 257 in your book and complete the map handout

Use the map on page 258 for help

SPREAD OF ISLAM

632 AD Muhammad dies, leaving much of the Arabian Peninsula under Muslim rule. Abu Bakr chosen as Caliph = “Successor to the prophet.”

Abu Bakr – father in law of Muhammad and first follower to convert to Islam.

Next 3 Caliphs Umar Uthman Ali (1st Caliph in the Shia faith)

SPREAD OF ISLAM634-650 Muslim armies defeated Byzantine and Persian

imperial armies, bringing Syria, Iraq, Egypt and Iran under Muslim

rule, including the cities of Jerusalem, Damascus, and Alexandria.

SPREAD OF ISLAM

634 – 650 AD The Muslim conquering of Jerusalem leads to the Crusades

by Christians in 1096

SPREAD OF ISLAM

Tolerance Muslims believed in a policy of tolerance when dealing

with the different cultures of conquered peoples.

Conquered peoples had two options;

Non-Muslims could chose to convert to Islam The Qur’an forbid compulsion

Or, they could pay an annual tribute (tax).

SPREAD OF ISLAM

650-710

Muslims conquer areas in North Africa

SPREAD OF ISLAM

711 ADNorth African General named Tariq conquers

Spain. Rock of Jabal Tariq (Gibraltar) named after the

General Muslims in Spain are called Moors.

SPREAD OF ISLAM 711 AD – Spain invaded by General Tariq .

Muslim Empire by 711 AD

SPREAD OF ISLAM

717 AD Muslim conquest suffers its

first setback. The capital of the Byzantine

Empire, Constantinople holds its ground. They shot “Greek fire” down

at Muslim invaders

SPREAD OF ISLAM

732 ADMoors in Spain loose to Charles Martel and

his army of Franks at the Battle of Tours.

Moors retreat back to Spain.

Moors would rule Spain until 1492.

What would life be like today if Charles “The Hammer” Martel lost at the Battle of Tours???

Write a few sentences about how life would be different today.

QUESTION

SPREAD OF ISLAM

980 - 1055 ADSeljuk Turks migrate to Baghdad.

Adopt Islam Eventually invade Muslim territories

SPREAD OF ISLAM

1096 AD Pope Urban II orders Christian Crusaders to re-

take Jerusalem from the Muslims.

Despite successfully re-taking Jerusalem in 1099 AD, the Muslim leader Saladin would re-conquer Jerusalem in 1187.

Several more Crusades would be called for, all of them failed. HOWEVER;

Crusades resulted in the expansion of trade, and helped propel Europe into better times.

SPREAD OF ISLAM

1453 ADThe Byzantine Empire and Constantinople

fall to the Ottoman Turks.