The Soviet Experiment, 1917-1927 History 408 / October 23, 2012
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Transcript of The Soviet Experiment, 1917-1927 History 408 / October 23, 2012
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The Soviet Experiment, 1917-1927History 408 / October 23, 2012
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V. I. Lenin(1870-1924)
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“Dual Power” I:the Provisional Government
Alexander Kerensky(1881-1970)
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Summer 1917: Kerensky rallies the army to a new offensive
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Demonstration in St. Petersburg against the war
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“Dual Power” II:Soviets (Councils) of workers, soldiers, and peasants
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Lenin after his return
from Switzerlandto St. Petersburg
(1917)
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The Putilov Works: a stronghold of Bolshevik support
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The Winter Palace in St. Petersburg
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Bolsheviks storm the Winter Palace,
October 24-25, 1917
(November 7 by Western calendars)
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Leon Trotsky(1879-1940)
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Civil War:“Red” soldiers strung up
by “White” officers
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Civil War: recruiting Red Army volunteers(lower right – “are you with us or with them?”)
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Civil War: teaching economics to future party members
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Allied forces intervene in the Civil War(shown here in Vladivostok)
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A sarcastic Bolshevik view of the
League of Nations
“Capitalists of all countries, unite!”
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1924 pamphlet outlining Lenin’s views on the
“New Economic Policy”(introduced 1921)
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The harvest of NEP:Farmers’ collectives increase the urban food supply
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“NEPmen” profit from semi-capitalist markets
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The Comintern (founded 1919):Trotsky’s program for global revolution
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Cutting-edge artists support state goals:(a) education and (b) the “construction of socialism”
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Lenin:Communism = Soviet power + Electrification”
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“Are you helping to liquidate illiteracy?”
(1925)
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“Radio:Out of a million wills,
we will create one will”(1925)
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Social experimentation: Alexandra Kollontai and the “Zhenotdel”(Women’s Section of the Bolshevik Party, 1918-1930;
Kollontai dismissed in 1922)
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“Every cook should learn to run the government. – Lenin”
“Don’t sit at home in your kitchen, head to the elections
for the Soviet!
Once working women remained in the dark, but now in the Soviet they decide things”
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Constructivist architecture of the 1920s
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More constructivism (architecture & photography)
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Experimental film-making:Dziga Vertov,
Man With a Movie Camera (1929)
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Joseph Stalin(1879-1953)
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Stalin claims to be Lenin’s chosen successor
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Mobilizing social envy in the countryside: poor and middling peasants aroused against the “kulaks”