The soundThe sound librarylibrarySoundSound documentsdocuments andand collectionscollections as as meansmeans ofof recoveringrecovering andand protectingprotectingendangeredendangered languageslanguages[[SomeSome ideas ideas basedbased onon ArgentineanArgentinean workwork withwithaboriginalaboriginal communitiescommunities]]

Lic. Edgardo Lic. Edgardo CivalleroCivalleroNationalNational UniversityUniversity ofofCrdoba Crdoba -- ArgentinaArgentina

Selknam(Tierra del Fuego)

Mainly exterminated during XIX century. Last speaker (Lola Kiepja,

photo) dead 1966. Languageconserved in texts and recordings

Ymana(Tierra del Fuego)Mainly exterminated during XIX century. Last 2 speakers still alivein Chile. Language conserved in texts and recordings

Diaguita / Calchaqu(NW Argentina)

Completely slaughtered during II Calchaqui War, ended 1666. The only text supposedto codify their widely-spoken language (kakan) was lost during XVII century

Sanavirn(Crdoba, central Argentina)

Disappeared after Spanish Conquest in XVII century. Just 3 words of theirlanguage conserved in texts. Their paintings in caves represent their whole culture

and the final moments of their history (spanish warriors in horses)

Comechingn(Central Argentina)Disappeared after theSpanish Conquest in XVII Century. Just 7 words of their languageconserved in texts.

(Hacia el siglo XVII)

MAPA DE DISTRIBUCION DECOMUNIDADES ABORIGENES

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29 10

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1617

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15

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01. Atacamas02. Omaguacas03. Diaguitas04. Lules y vilelas05. Tonocots06. Sanavirones07. Comechingones08. Huarpes09. Chiriwanos y chans10. Matacos, chorotes y chulupes11. Abipones, mocoves, tobas y pilages12. Guaranes13. Caingang14. Chanes, timbes, corondes15. Charras16. Tehuelches gnna-kna17. Pehuenches18. Tehuelches centrales19. Tehuelches aonikenk20. Onas (selknam y haush)21. Ymanas y alacalufes

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(En la actualidad)

MAPA DE DISTRIBUCION DECOMUNIDADES ABORIGENES

01. Collas02. Diaguitas03. Chiriwanos y chans04. Matacos, chorotes y chulupes05. Mocoves, tobas y pilags06. Guaranes mby07. Mapuches y ranqueles08. Tehuelches

Se han sealado reas de distribucinpor grupos culturales.Las comunidades de descendientesmestizos han sido sealadas.

Selknam (Onas)

Rankllche (Ranqueles)

Huarpes

Comechingones

Quichuas

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Argentine maps showing the distribution of originary peoples (grouped in cultural areas) during XVII century and the remaining single groups in 2005.

Aonikenk(Southern Tehuelche)

(Patagonia -Argentina)

Almost disappeared. Highly endangered

language, spoken by a few elders, even if it

has been recorded, studied and conserved

in texts.

Qom, Pitlax, Moqoit(Tobas, Pilags, Mocoves)(NE Argentina)Around 60.000 people, speakingGuaykuran highly endangeredlanguages, written and spokenbut currently suffering strongcultural pressure and oblivion.

Quechua and Kolla / Aymara(NW Argentina)

Argentinean Quechua dialect spoken by 7000 mestizo-people in Santiago del Estero province. Aymara southern dialect spoken by around 30.000 persons. Both

wirtten and spoken, but suffering oblivion, discrimination and cultural pressure.

Wichi, Yofwaja, Nivakl(Matacos, Chorotes, Chulupes)(NE Argentina)Around 100.000 people. Speakers ofMatacoan family endangeredlanguages, written and spoken butsuffering cultural pressure.

Av / Mby(Chiriwanos Chans, Guaranes)

(N Argentina)Around 7000 Mby, 3500 Av and 1500 Chan, from northeastern Misiones province to

northwestern Salta province. Speakers of Av-e (Guaran), official language in Paraguay, but endangered in Argentina.

Mapuche(Patagonia - Argentina)

Around 90000 Mapuche and 1500 Rankllche, speakingMapudungu (Mapuche language). Healthy idiom, written and

spoken, but suffering strong cultural pressure anddiscrimination in Argentina.

Ruins of Quilmes(NW Argentina)

The Quilmes, last Diaguita-Calchaqui group, was defeated in 1666 by Spanisharmies. Those who survived the terrible slaughter were deported to Buenos Aires,

where they died of sadness. Today, the city is inhabited just by cardones.

Disappeared

Selknam Yamana - Gnna-kna Pewenche Huarpe QuerandCharra Chan Timb Sanavirn Comechingn Lule Vilela

Tonocot Abipn Caingang Diaguita Omaguaca - Ocloya

Still spoken

Aonikenk Mapudungu Kolla Quechua - Qomlek Moqoit - PitlaxYofwaja Nivakl - Av-e Wichi - Mby

Agradesiyki Aguyje Juspaxara Chaltu mayMuchas gracias - Thank you very much

Lic. Edgardo Civalleroedgardo_civallero@yahoo.com.ar