The Smooth Stone Volume I Genesis 1:1 "In the Beginning..."

8/10/2019 The Smooth Stone Volume I Genesis 1:1 "In the Beginning..."

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Fcdcsns 5=5 ’Nd tjc kcfnddndf…‘

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Wrc`eac....................................................................................................................... 6

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AJEW\C[5= [ceinty edl Fcdcsns 5=5 ............................................................................................. 51

AJEW\C[;= \jc @nrst Vorl edl [ceinty ......................................................................................... 5>

AJEW\C[1= Sdlcrstedlndf ’Nd tjc kcfnddndf…‘ ............................................................................. ;:

AJEW\C[<= Cqunveicdt edl Aohpinhcdtery.................................................................................... 13

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Vorbs Antcl= ............................................................................................................. 35



WrceacN tjoufjt N bdcw wjet N wes teibndf ekout. Vjcdcvcr qucstnods

ekout ornfnds edl tjc Knkic koob o` Fcdcsns aehc up N wes qunab wntj

edswcrs. Kut N wes ekout es wrodf es e pcrsod aed kc.N` odc tjndbs lccpiy, èuity rcesodndf ns ndcvntekiy cxposcl ky

èats. Vjcd tjns jeppcds, e pcrsod jes two ajonacs= 5) nfdorc tjc trutj or

;) chkreac nt.N ajosc duhkcr ;, edl tjns koob ns tjc rcsuit. Nt ns tjc `nrst voiuhc

nd e scrncs o` `nvc. N eh pukinsjndf ceaj es tjcy erc aohpictcl.

N ndvntc your aohhcdts.

Aodteat ndòrhetnod=

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Ndtroluatnod\o hc, tjc qucstnod ’Vjy?‘ ns supcrnor to edy otjcr. N o`tcd fct

iost nd tjc Vjy. Hy `nrst ettchpt et ed ndtroluatnod to tjns koob ns e aescnd pondt. Nt wes nhportedt to hc to ict tjc rcelcr bdow wjy N spcdt hy

tnhc wrntndf tjns koob. Kut od rcìcatnod nt scchs to hc tjet tjc rcelcr ns et

tjns pondt horc ndtcrcstcl nd tjc wjet. Qo N jevc rcicfetcl hy `nrst c`òrt et

wrntndf ed ndtroluatnod to tjc Eppcdlnx,5 eveniekic, kut dot aohpuisory.

\jc wjet… hostiy

\jns koob krndfs two sukmcats tofctjcr, tjc Jckrcw tcxt o` Fcdcsns

5=5 edl tjc sancdac tjet rcietcs to ornfnds. \jns jes kccd ettchptcl kcòrc, kut hy epproeaj ns vcry ln``crcdt. @or cxehpic, e rcinfnous pcrsod wjo

kcincvcs tjet Fcdcsns hebcs scdsc ns nhhclnetciy aod`rodtcl wntj tjc èattjet sancdtnsts wjo stuly pjysnaei rceinty lnshnss nt es e hytj od e per wntjeii otjcr edancdt ornfnd storncs. Qjouil tjc rcinfnous pcrsod lcanlc to

cdfefc nd lcketc, jc/sjc ndvernekiy rcsorts to odc or horc o` tjc òiiowndf

teatnas= 5) rcprcscdtndf tjc sancdac es ndveinl, ;) Ndvcdtndf tjcnr owd’sancdac,‘ 1) ndvobndf trelntnodei, tjcoiofnaei erfuhcdts or <) eii o` tjc

ekovc.

N wnii lo dodc o` tjcsc. Ndstcel, N tebc tjc sancdac es nt ns wrnttcd

ekout ky rcspcatcl sancdtnsts edl aohperc nt to tjc ornfndei iedfuefcworls (Aiessnaei“or Knkinaei“Jckrcw), ndaiulndf ettcstcl hcedndfs es

fnvcd ky Jckrcw-Cdfinsj icxnaods.

\jns epproeaj ns ùdlehcdteiiy snhpic. Jowcvcr, lo dot cxpcat,sndac nts udlcriyndf prndanpics erc udaohpinaetcl, tjet tjc yncil wnii kc e

`cw cesniy udlcrstool fredl duffcts o` ndòrhetnod. Ndstcel, nt wnii

proluac hedy lctenis, ceaj o` wjnaj rcqunrcs tjoufjt edl ettcdtnod.

Qohc lc`ndntnods edl okscrvetnods

@or aiernty, nt kcaohcs dcacssery to lnstndfunsj kctwccd tjc

pjysnaei rceintncs lnsaovcrcl ky sancdac, tjc hctjols o` sancdac, tjc

ndstntutnods o` sancdac, edl tjc edtn-arcetor aodaiusnods tjet hedy lcrnvc`roh tjch. \jns ns dcacssery kcaeusc ’sancdac‘ ns o`tcd uscl es e iekci òr

tjch eii, cvcd tjoufj tjc ln``crcdacs kctwccd tjch erc dot sheii.

Nd tjns koob, ’sancdac‘ aerrncs two hcedndfs. Ceaj aed kcnlcdtn`ncl ky tjc aodtcxt. \jc `nrst rc`crs to tjc ndstntutnod o` sancdac tjetsccbs to cxpiend pjysnaei pjcdohcde udlcr tjc uhkrciie o` tjc sancdtn`na

hctjol. Eitcrdetciy, tjc worl ’sancdac‘ hey rc`cr to tjc hceds edl

hctjols chpioycl ky sancdtnsts to icerd ekout tjc pjysnaei woril,



\JC QHOO\J Q\ODC POISHC 5

57

spcan`naeiiy tjc sancdtn`na hctjol.

Wicesc dotc tjet jcrcnd ’tjc sancdac‘ ns uscl nd e vcry spcan`na wey.Nt wnii rc`cr to tjc koly o` bdowiclfc o` tjc pjysnaei woril tjet jes kccd

lnsaovcrcl ky sancdtnsts;. \jns ndaiulcs tnhc-tcstcl sancdtn`na tjcorncs tjet

tcii us jow tjndfs worb, edl sohc otjcr“icss acrtend“tjcorncs nd

profrcss.\o ln``crcdtnetc kctwccd tjc sancdac edl tjc edtn-arcetor esscrtnods/

opndnods jcil ky sancdtnsts (es ndlnvnlueis edl es ed ndstntutnod), N wnii usc

tjc worl sancdtnsh. Vjet ns sancdtnsh? Hnajeci Qjcrhcr, nd Qancdtn`naEhcrnaed, Hey 51, ;77; (\jc Qjeheds o` Qancdtnsh) uscl tjc lc`ndntnod

tjet ns vcry snhnier to tjc odc nd piey jcrc= Qancdtnsh 8 ’sancdac‘ +

’lctcrhndnsh.‘ Lctcrhndnsh hceds odc o` scvcrei tjndfs, lcpcdlndf odtjc sukmcat edl wjo„s teibndf. Odc ns tjet nt ns tjc kcinc` tjet deturei

proacsscs aed cxpiend eii tjndfs wntjout ndvobndf tjc eatnods o` e Fol.1

Qnhnieriy, N usc tjc worl sancdtnsh es e iekci òr tjc kcinc` systch pcauiner

to sancdtnsts nd fcdcrei tjet= 5) nd tjc sancdac tjcrc ns do CPNLCDAC o` e

arcetor/ Fol , or, nd nts strodfcr òrh, ;) tjc sancdac seys tjcrc ns DOarcetor/ Fol.

Ky hy rcabodndf, Qjcrhcr fot nt rnfjt. N eh spcebndf dot ekout tjctcdedts o` sancdtnsh, kut jns (pcrjeps todfuc-nd-ajccb) aorrcietnod

kctwccd tjc ndtciicatuei fnedts o` sancdac wntj sjeheds, edl tjc opndnods

o` sancdtnsts wntj ’tjcoiofy.‘ Must es tjcoiofy ns wncilcl ky rcinfnous òibto ’provc‘ Fol„s cxnstcdac edl jns eatnods, sancdac jes tjc edtntjctnaei

vcrsnod o` tjcoiofy= nts koly o` opndnods ekout Fol“or tjc ieab

tjcrco`“tjet tjcy ettchpt to mustn`y wntj tjc sancdac.

Krotjcrs eii

\jc tntic aohhod to eii voiuhcs o` tjns koob (\jc Qhootj Qtodc)aehc to hc es N rchchkcrcl tjc story o` Levnl edl Foinetj. Wcrjeps tjns

story jes kccd ovcruscl es e hctepjor, edeiofy, edl koob tntic, kut òr tjnscdlcevor nt scchcl epproprnetc. N aed„t nhefndc e horc òrhnlekic òc

tjed tjc ndtciicatuei fnedts o` sancdtnsh, dor aed N nhefndc e ajeiicdfcr

(hysci`) so eppercdtiy nii-cqunppcl to èac o`` efendst tjch. \jns lnspernty

ns helc frcetcr ky tjc èat tjet N ajeiicdfc, dot must sancdtnsh, kut nts krotjcr too.

Acdturncs efo, sancdac edl rcinfnod scchcl ndscperekic“inbc

aodmondcl twnds. \jcy kcfed so huaj einbc tjet tjcy wcrcndlnstndfunsjekic. \jc prcaursors o` holcrd-ley sancdtnsts wcrc aeiicl

deturei pjniosopjcrs, edl tjcy wcrc o`tcd lccpiy ndvoivcl nd odc rcinfnod

or edotjcr. Quaj odcs jerkorcl lccp rcinfnous aodvnatnods (es lnl Qnr Nseea Dcwtod, òr cxehpic). Jowcvcr, nd tnhc ln``crcdacs sjowcl up edl tjc

krotjcrs kcfed to kc et aross purposcs. E lccp ednhosnty kctwccd tjc two

frcw ierfc, wntj tjns aurnous rcsuit= Kotj o` tjc krotjcrs, sancdtnsh edl

rcinfnod, helc tjcnr owd aodtrnkutnods to e frowndf lnskcinc` nd e arcetor.



Ndtroluatnod 55

\jcrc ns do hystcry ekout tjc wey tjet sancdtnsh auitnvetcs e

folicss/ arcetoricss kcinc` systch. Kut jow locs rcinfnod, wjnaj usueiiy pro`csscs kcinc` nd e arcetor, òstcr lnskcinc`?

@nrst, òr tjcnr tceajndfs ekout arcetnod, tjcy rciy jcevniy upod

tjcoiofy“tjc koly o` tjcnr opndnods ekout Fol edl wjet tjcy sey tjet jc

locs. Quaj erc o`tcd rootcl nd nhpossnkic to provc spcauietnods ekout pessefcs nd tjc Knkic. @roh odc rcinfnod to edotjcr tjcnr tjcoiofncs erc

aodtrelnatory. Hedy pcopic jevc aodaiulcl tjet tjcsc erc dcntjcr iofnaei

dor setns`yndf, edl tjet tjcy erc do hetaj òr retnodei cxpiedetnodsostcdsnkiy tebcd `roh tjc sancdac.

Qcaodl, wjcd rcinfnous cxpiedetnods lo ndvobc ’sancdtn`na‘

cxpiedetnods, tjcy o`tcd ùlfc tjc èats, or cvcd hebc up tjcnr owdvcrsnod o` tjc sancdac, efend pieyndf ndto tjc jedls o` sancdtnsh.

\jnrl, too o`tcd, rcinfnous aodluat jes kccd jorrnkic. Ns tjcrc edy

dccl to rcvncw nts jnstory o` vnoicdac, kioolsjcl, pointnaei sbuiiluffcry,

edl ekusc o` trustndf kcincvcrs? Ns nt surprnsndf tjet tjns bndl o` kcjevnor

tendts tjcnr tceajndfs ekout e arcetor? Nd tjcsc edl otjcr weys sancdtnsh„s krotjcr rcinfnod sohctnhcs hebcs sbcptnas o` òrhcr kcincvcrs.

\jc Qhootj Qtodc

N wnii lo kettic wntj tjc kcinc` systchs o` kotj krotjcrs. Kut N lodot etteab tjcnr propodcdts pcrsodeiiy.

N jevc ajoscd hy ehhudntnod òr tjns `nfjt= `nvc ornfndei iedfuefc

(Jckrcw) worls nd Fcdcsns 5=5. Ceaj aed kc aohpercl to tjc sancdac es ntrcietcs to ornfnds o` tjc udnvcrsc. Odc o` tjcsc ns edeiofous to tjc shootj

stodc tjet Levnl juricl et Foinetj wntj studdndf c``cat. \jns worl edl tjc

otjcr òur, tofctjcr wntj tjc rcicvedt sancdac, òrh tjc tcst òr tjc

òiiowndf jypotjcsns= N` tjc rcicvedt sancdac ns cqunveicdt edl/ or

aohpichcdtery to tjc worls nd Fcdcsns 5=5, tjcd e

aohpernsod o` pukinsjcl hcedndfs òr tjc worls nd

Fcdcsns 5=5 to pukinsjcl cxpiedetnods o` tjc rcicvedt

sancdac wnii rcvcei tjcsc aorrcietnods.

E jypotjcsns hust kc tcstekic. @urtjcrhorc, tjc tcsts hust kc

aepekic o` yncilndf dcfetnvc rcsuits. Nd otjcr worls, nt hust kc possnkic, nd prndanpic, to èisn`y wjetcvcr aodaiusnod tjc jypotjcsns esscrts. Nd e

rcietcl wey, e fool jypotjcsns hey suffcst wjet wnii kc lnsaovcrcl nd tjc

ùturc, nd c``cat prclnatndf wjet tjosc lnsaovcrncs wnii kc.Qo, nd bccpndf wntj tjcsc rcqunrchcdts òr e sancdtn`na jypotjcsns, N

wnii nlcdtn`y 5) tjc cvnlcdac nd nts èvor, ;) tjc hceds wjcrcky tjc ekovc

jypotjcsns hey kc supportcl or èisn`ncl edl 1) od tjc kesns o` tjc

cvnlcdac tjet N wnii prcscdt, prclnatnods ekout wjet wnii yct kc lnsaovcrcl ky tjc rcicvedt sancdac lnsanpindcs.

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5;

\jns voiuhc ns tjc `nrst nd e scrncs o` `nvc. Ceaj voiuhc edeiyzcs

espcats o` tjc `nvc ornfndei iedfuefc worls. Ceaj ns e stuly nd nts owdrnfjt, ns sohctnhcs vcry lctenicl, edl hnfjt cesniy ovcrwjcih. Nt jes

acrtendiy kccd ovcrwjcihndf to hc. N jevc tjcrcòrc lcanlcl to spint tjc

ndòrhetnod ndto nts sheiicst iofnaei perts“ed edeiysns o` ceaj worl. \jns

hebcs tjc worb horc hedefcekic òr hc, edl tjc nlces icssovcrwjcihndf to tjc rcelcr. Jowcvcr, tjc rcelcr sjouil dot ioosc snfjt o`

tjc èat tjet tjc `nvc voiuhcs erc ekout `nvc worls tjet tofctjcr òrh e

sndfic scdtcdac, edl tjc aohpictc hcedndf o` tjc scdtcdac ns wjet wcuitnhetciy sccb to udlcrstedl. Ellntnodeiiy, odc voiuhc ns rcscrvcl òr hy

èvorntc qucstnod= Vjy?

Dow tjet tjc kesna prchnsc o` tjns koob jes kccd ienl out nt„s tnhc

to iey tjc iofnaei aordcrstodc upod wjnaj tjns koob ns kescl. Nts purposc ns

to bccp our `cct `nrhiy piedtcl nd rceinty.

5Qcc Eppcdlnx E= Ed eitcrdetc ndtroluatnod

; Ky tjns N lo dot rc`cr to tjc hetjchetnaei proo`s essoanetcl wntj tjc lete. N rc`cr to tjccxpiedetnods o` tjc sancdac“ky rcspcatcl sancdtnsts“nd tjc iedfuefc o` orlndery pcopic.

1 Qcc jttp=//cd.wnbnpclne.orf/wnbn/Qancdtnsh òr otjcr uscs o` tjc worl ’sancdtnsh.‘

< @or sohc aiceriy wrnttcd ndòrhetnod ekout tjc aodtcdt edl òrh o` e sancdtn`na jypotjcsns scc=jttp=//isa.aordcii.clu/Qnlckers/Qtets%;7Iek%;7WL@s/\opna0.pl`

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientism

http://lsc.cornell.edu/Sidebars/Stats%20Lab%20PDFs/Topic6.pdf






Ajeptcr 5=

[ceinty edl Fcdcsns 5=5Vjet aohcs to your hndl wjcd you jcer tjc worl ’arcetc?‘ Qohc

pcopic tjndb o` Fcdcsns 5=5, wjnaj seys ’Nd tjc kcfnddndf Fol arcetcl tjc

jcevcd edl tjc certj.‘ (Bndf Mehcs Pcrsnod o` tjc Knkic)5 Nd èat, tjns hey

kc odc o` tjc host rcaofdnzcl scdtcdacs od certj, or et icest nd wcstcrdiedls. Kut kcòrc wc fct to tjc `nrst worl/s nd tjet scdtcdac wc dccl to

aiceriy scc e prokich tjet tjcy prcscdt edl e possnkic soiutnod to nt. \jc

worl ’arcetc‘ ns e aesc nd pondt, edl e prcinhndery aodsnlcretnod o` nssucsrcietcl to nts usc nd Fcdcsns scts tjc stefc òr e rcherbekiy snhpic wey

òrwerl.

Nd tjet scdtcdac, wjet locs tjc worl ’arcetc‘ hced? Nd ed Cdfinsj

lnatnodery, tjcrc erc scvcrei lc`ndntnods òr tjc worl. Odc o` tjchndaorporetcs tjc nlce o` krndfndf sohctjndf dcw ndto cxnstcdac, pcrjeps

ky hceds o` e spcanei sbnii posscsscl ky ed ertnsed. Jowcvcr, nd tjc

aodtcxt o` tjc `nrst edl scaodl ajeptcrs o` Fcdcsns, tjns worl hey jevcotjcr hcedndfs.

’Arcetc‘ tredsietcs tjc knkinaei Jckrcw worl kere. \jc hcedndf o`kere jes kccd lcketcl ky icxnaofrepjcrs edl tjcoiofneds el-nd`ndntuh.Ovcr tnhc, tjc lc`ndntnods jevc ajedfcl sohcwjet“ekout e acdtury efoQtrodf„s Lnatnodery ; ndaiulcl et icest odc lc`ndntnod òr kere tjet e horc

rcacdt icxnaod (\jc Jckrcw edl Erehena Icxnaod o` tjc Oil \cstehcdt 1)

locs dot. \jcrc erc eiso otjcr ln``crcdacs kctwccd tjch<. Quaj ln``crcdacs

erc dot, jowcvcr, inhntcl to oil edl dcw icxnaods. \jcrc erc ln``crcdacs kctwccd sohc o` tjc dcwcr odcs too.

Odc sukstedtnei ln``crcdac ns tjet sohc icxnaods lo dot lcpcdljcevniy upod lc`ndntnods o``crcl ky tjcoiofneds. \jcrcòrc, lcpcdlndf

upod wjnaj icxnaod or lnatnodery wc usc our udlcrstedlndf o` Fcdcsns 5=5

hey kc odc tjndf or edotjcr. @or cxehpic, scvcrei tjcoiofnaeiiy-kescllnatnoderncs lc`ndc ’arcetc‘ nd e wey snhnier to tjns= ‚Vjcd tjc worl kere

(arcetc) eppcers nd tjc Knkic wntj Fol es nts sukmcat nt ns tjc eat o` krndfndf

òrtj sohctjndf `roh dotjndf.„3

\jns lc`ndntnod jes kccd jedlcl lowd `roh fcdcretnod to

fcdcretnod edl jes kcaohc e ajuraj trelntnod. Kut tjns trelntnod jes kccd

fcdcretcl nd tjc ekscdac o` pjysnaei èats, kcaeusc do juhed jel ycticerdcl wjet wcdt od ’nd tjc kcfnddndf…‘ \jndfs jevc ajedfcl,jowcvcr. Dow, ky hceds o` tjc powcrùi ndstruhcdts edl hctjols o`

sancdac, tjcrc erc hedy lnsaovcrncs tjet, wjcd tebcd tofctjcr, òrh e

aodtcxt o` rceinty tjet tjc worls o` Fcdcsns hust sohcjow rcìcat n` nt ns




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dot e hytj.0

Knkinaei Jckrcw

Holcrd Jckrcw ns dot tjc iedfuefc o` tjc Knkic. Nt ns e invc edlvnkredt iedfuefc korrowndf `roh edl eleptndf to toley„s woril. Nt ns tjc

iedfuefc o` cvcryley aohhudnaetnod òr hniinods o` pcopic. KnkinaeiJckrcw, od tjc otjcr jedl, ns dot. Eaaorlndf to hedy Jckrcw sajoiers ntjes kccd e ’lcel‘ iedfuefc òr horc tjed ;777 ycers. Vjetcvcr hcssefc

ns nd tjc Knkic, nt ns ioabcl nd tjc worls o` tjosc tnhcs. \jc qucstnod ns=

aed wc icerd wjet tjc hcssefc ns?

@or e vcry iodf tnhc iedfuefc sajoiers jevc trncl to piuhk tjclcptjs o` tjc iedfuefc o` tjc Knkic. Quaj c`òrts jevc kccd aohpinaetcl

ky sohc bdotty prokichs2 odc ehodf tjch kcndf tjet tjcrc ns do koob o`

frehher (`roh tjosc tnhcs) tjet tjcy aed aohperc to tjc tcxt o` tjc Knkic.Vjnic sohc iedfuefcs hnfjt prcscdt icss o` e ajeiicdfc ky dot bdowndf

tjc frehher o` tjc todfuc, suaj ns dot tjc aesc wntj knkinaei Jckrcw. Nts

struaturc scchs vcry aohpicx, edl tjc aohpicxntncs eppercdtiy hcedsohctjndf. Pcry o`tcd iedfuefc sajoiers lo dot efrcc upod wjet odc

aohkndetnod or edotjcr o` tjc worls edl ajereatcrs hceds, edl

udacrtendtncs ekout tjc tredsietnod proacss ekoudl. \jns icels to lcketcs

ekout wjosc vncw ns aorrcat, edl hedy tnhcs do rcsoiutnod ns possnkic kcaeusc tjcrc ns snhpiy dot cdoufj ndòrhetnod.

N tebc tjc vncw tjet huaj o` tjc aodtcdtnod surroudlndf knkinaei

Jckrcw locsd„t hettcr“erfuhcdts tjet aodacrd hndutnec o`tcd lo dothetcrneiiy ell to tjc knf pnaturc. Nd otjcr worls, wjcd wc stuly e òrcst,

aodaiusnods hey kc lrewd ekout jow nt worbs ky stulyndf e

rcprcscdtetnvc scatnod o` nt. Vc aed bdow e iot ekout jow tjc fnvcd petaj

e``cats ioaei oxyfcd edl aerkod lnoxnlc icvcis, tchpcreturc, edl sonirctcdtnod. Kut hedy lctenis udlcrinc tjcsc ierfc saeic okscrvetnods, edl

tjcy aed bccp e fool sancdtnst kusy òr e vcry iodf tnhc. Cvcd so, tjclctenis rerciy ajedfc tjc knf pnaturc sukstedtneiiy, tjoufj tjcy hey jcip to

rc`ndc edl horc dceriy udlcrstedl nt. Jowcvcr, N lod„t wedt to tebc tjns

nlce so èr tjet wc hnss nhportedt, rc`ndndf, lctenis, or tjet wc aed„t scc

tjc hedy ndstedacs wjcrc trelntnodei cxpiedetnods hust kc mcttnsodcl.@urtjcrhorc, tjcrc erc `ceturcs o` iedfuefc tjet wc lod„t

aodsanousiy tebc dotc o`, tjoufj wc usc tjch cvcry tnhc tjet wc spceb or

wrntc. Odc ns tjet wc hey usc tjc sehc worl nd ln``crcdt scttndfs òrln``crcdt purposcs. \jc sehc worl aed hced sohctjndf vcry ln``crcdt nd

ceaj scttndf. Nd otjcr worls, tjc aodtcxt o` e worl„s usc aed ndòrh us

ekout jow tjc spcebcr ndtcdlcl tjet jns ajonac o` e pertnauier worl kcudlcrstool“wjnaj o` tjc worl„s hcedndfs jc wes tryndf to aodvcy.

@or e wrntcr, tjns ns o`tcd eaaohpinsjcl wntjout tjndbndf. Kut òr

tjc rcelcr nt hey dot kc so snhpic, cspcaneiiy n` tjcy erc e iodf tnhc

rchovcl `roh tjc pcrnol nd wjnaj tjc tcxt wes proluacl. Fcdcsns 5=5 ns e



[ceinty edl Fcdcsns 5=5 53

aesc nd pondt. \jc worls wcrc wrnttcd tjousedls o` ycers efo nd e

iedfuefc tjet lncl out edl tjc ndòrhetnod tjet aed ndòrh us ekout ntsfrehher edl vernous duedacs ns dot aohprcjcdsnvc. Edl tjcrc ns tjns=

Qndac worls hey aerry ln``crcdt hcedndfs edl nlces, jow lo wc bdow

wjnaj hcedndfs to put wntj tjc worls tjet tjc wrntcr wrotc?

Aodtcxt ns tjc bcy wjcd nt aohcs to Fcdcsns 5=5, kut dot must tjcaodtcxt.

\jc aodtcxt o` rceinty“nts powcr

\jc òiiowndf edeiofy sjows jow nhportedt tjc aodtcxt o` rceinty

aed kc òr ajoosndf tjc aorrcat hcedndf“`roh e lnatnodery òr cxehpic.N` sohcodc (wc„ii aeii jnh Jerry) senl, ’Fcorfc, et worb N krceb

peds.‘ Jow wouil you sey tjet Jerry lc`ndcs ’krceb?‘ Jow wouil

Fcorfc lc`ndc krceb, edl tjc otjcr worls nd tjns sjort scdtcdac? Vjettjoufjt locs Jerry ndtcdl to aodvcy? \jc `nrst edl kcst wey to edswcr

tjcsc qucstnods ns to esb tjch o` Jerry. Kut Jerry ns kcyodl acii-pjodc

redfc, so wc aed„t qucstnod jnh. Jowcvcr, tjcrc ns edotjcr wey òrwerl.Vjcd Fcorfc `nrst jcerl jnh sey tjc worls, jc penl tjch inttic

ettcdtnod. Ietcr, jowcvcr, tjcy aehc keab ndto jns hndl, edl jc tjoufjt=

’Vjet bndl o` peds locs jc krceb? Vjy locs jc krceb tjch? Ns jc sohc

bndl o` queinty aodtroi pcrsod wjo shesjcs lc`catnvc peds? \jet„s nt!Jerry worbs òr sohcodc tjet hebcs aebc peds edl jc lcstroys tjc odcs

wntj lc`cats.‘

Otjcr pcopic hnfjt aohc up wntj otjcr nlces ekout wjet tjcscdtcdac hceds. Nd èat, HED^ sacdernos aed kc nhefndcl tjet wouil kc

pieusnkic. Kut tjc prokich wntj edy o` tjch wouil kc tjns= @roh tjc

ndòrhetnod et jedl dodc aed kc aod`nrhcl. Do odc aed bdow cxeatiy

wjet Jerry hcedt wntjout ellntnodei ndòrhetnod. Jerry aouil provnlcaiern`naetnod, kut Jerry ns out o` redfc. E lnatnodery hnfjt jcip, kut heykc

dot. Nt„s dot udaohhod òr e worl to jevc sohc vcry lnvcrsc lc`ndntnods.Nd èat, our lnatnoderncs inst two lc`ndntnods òr ’krceb‘ wjnaj lcsarnkc

ln``crcdt eatnods. Jow locs Fcorfc bdow wjnaj odc to usc?

Fcorfc lcanlcs to trevci to Jerry„s pieac o` worb edl ioob eroudl.

\jns ns wjet jc `ndls= Nt ns e heduèaturndf piedt, kut tjcy lo dot hebcaebc peds. Ndstcel, tjcy hebc hctei peds tjet erc pieacl kciow enr

aodlntnodndf aonis. \jc peds aoiicat wetcr aodlcdsetnod. @urtjcrhorc, jc

`ndls tjet e heajndc aeiicl e ped edl kox krebc6 ns uscl to kcdl (krceb)

tjc snlcs o` e rcatedfuier pncac o` sjcct hctei dndcty lcfrccs so tjet e

sjeiiow ped ns òrhcl. Nd otjcr worls, jc jel essuhcl tjet ’krceb‘ hcedt

‚krndfndf òrac to kcer upod ed okmcat suaj tjet nt ns pertcl ndto two orhedy perts.„ Od tjc keab o` tjns essuhptnod jc aohpoudlcl jns hnstebc

ky tjndbndf tjc ped wes e kebndf lnsj. Fcorfc ajosc tjc wrodf hcedndfs

òr tjc worls tjet Jerry spobc.

Nd tjns sntuetnod, tjc odiy wey Fcorfc wes ekic to aodaiusnvciy




50

lctcrhndc wjet Jerry hcedt“tjc odiy wey jc aouil hebc ed ndtciinfcdt

ajonac kctwccd lc`ndntnods òr tjc worl“wes to vncw tjc worls nd tjcaodtcxt o` rceinty, wjnaj wes Jerry„s worbpieac. Jns worbpieac

lchodstretcl tjc rcietnodsjnp tjet cxnstcl kctwccd Jerry„s worls edl tjc

rceinty tjet jc lcsarnkcl.

\jns niiustretcs tjc prokich wntj lc`ndntnods fcdcretcl ky trelntnod- kescl tjcoiofy òr worls inbc arcetc. Nd ceaj edl cvcry pieac wjcrc tjns

worl eppcers nd Fcdcsns ajeptcrs 5 edl ;, n` truc, tjcy erc ekout rceintncs

tjet jevc kccd ndeaacssnkic to us. @or cxehpic, tjc kcfnddndf o` ourudnvcrsc wes e vcry iodf tnhc efo. Vc aed„t muhp ndto e aer edl fo tjcrc

to ajcab wjet eatueiiy wcdt od. \jcrc jes kccd do uscùi aodtcxt o` rceinty

to aodsuit, odiy spcauietnod es to wjet tjc rceinty hnfjt jevc kccd.Sdòrtudetciy, suaj vonls nd our bdowiclfc jevc o`tcd kccd `niicl nd ky

our kcinc`s, vncwpondts, edl cxpcrncdac nd in`c wjnaj hey jevc eksoiutciy

do rcicvedac to tjc worls edl tjc rceintncs tjcy erc supposcl to lcsarnkc.

Kut sancdtn`na profrcss jes kccd eaacicretndf òr tjc iest òur or

`nvc judlrcl ycers. Lurndf tjet sped o` tnhc Dcwtod, Aopcrdnaus, Feinico,@ereley, Aieusnus, Cndstcnd, Jukkic, edl hedy otjcrs aodtrnkutcl pncacs

o` bdowiclfc to e puzzic tjet jes yncilcl e steffcrndfiy kceutnùi pnaturco` rceinty. Cvcd so, nt jes odiy kccd nd tjc iest jei` acdtury or so tjet tjc

aoiicatnvc c`òrts o` fcdcretnods o` sancdtnsts jevc aohc tofctjcr, tebndf

aoshna cxpioretnod eii tjc wey keab to tjc kcfnddndf ndstedts o` ourudnvcrsc.

:

Lurndf tjet pcrnol tjc opndnods jcil ky fcdcretnods o` tjcoiofneds

ekout tjc worl arcetc jevc aohc udlcr cxtrchc prcssurc. \jc kerrefc o`dcw lnsaovcrncs jes dot hetajcl tjcnr esscrtnods. [ceinzndf tjns tjcy jevc

rcspodlcl nd vernous weys. Odc jes kccd to rctredsietc tjc ornfndeiiedfuefc worls nd weys tjet scch (nd tjcnr opndnods) to kc horc

aohpetnkic wntj sancdtn`na lnsaovcrncs. Edotjcr rcspodsc jes kccd to

ndtcrprct tjc worls nd suaj e wey tjet tjcy do iodfcr spceb to tjc ornfnds

o` tjc pjysnaei udnvcrsc kut erc poctna or syhkoina o` otjcr tjndfs.Jowcvcr, aouil nt kc tjet, inbc Fcorfc, wjcd tjcy rcel tjc esscrtnods tjet

tjc wrntcr o` Fcdcsns hebcs ekout wjet Fol ns supposcl to jevc lodc,

tjcy nhposc tjcnr owd nrrcicvedt kcinc`s edl cxpcrncdac upod tjc worls o`Fcdcsns?

\jc edeiofy o` Jerry edl Fcorfc ns dot aohpicx“nt locsd„t tebcroabct sancdac to fresp tjc nlce tjet nt tceajcs. \jns locs dot hced,

jowcvcr, tjet wjcd tjns hctjol ns put to worb od tjc worls nd Fcdcsns 5=5

tjet e aicer udlcrstedlndf o` ceaj edl cvcry worl nd Fcdcsns ajeptcr 5wnii aohc cesniy. Vjet N eh seyndf ns tjns= N` wc fnvc propcr wcnfjt to tjc

pjysnaei rceintncs tjet sancdac jes lnsaovcrcl, tjc ajonacs kctwccd worl

lc`ndntnods/hcedndfs> aed kc helc nd tjc aodtcxt o` rcei edl rcicvedt

cvnlcdac. Otjcrwnsc, nt„s inbc tryndf to udlcrstedl e pnaturc puzzic wntj



[ceinty edl Fcdcsns 5=5 56

host o` nts pncacs hnssndf. ôu aed fucss ekout wjet ns hnssndf, kut

you„ii prokekiy kc wrodf.

\jns ajeptcr nd e dutsjcii= N` e worl ns uscl to lcsarnkc e

pjysnaei cvcdt, kut nt jes horc tjed odc hcedndf tjet scch

vcry ln``crcdt `roh odc edotjcr, tjc aorrcspodlndf pjysnaei

cvcdt aed kc pnvotei nd lctcrhndndf wjnaj o` tjc hcedndfs

tjc eutjor ndtcdlcl.

Dow, ict„s rceaj òr tjc `nrst pert o` tjns puzzic“tjc `nrst worl o`

tjc Knkic“edl pieac sohc o` nts hcedndfs eiodfsnlc tjc sancdac o` ’Nd tjc

kcfnddndf...‘

5 Bndf Mehcs Pcrsnod, es nt eppcers nd \jc Qpcebndf Knkic, so`twerc ky mojdjurt.aoh ;77<. Dotc=jcrce`tcr rc`crrcl to es (EP).

; Uuotcs `roh Qtrodf„s Lnatnodery erc es tjcy eppcer nd tjc so`twerc ky mojdjurt.aoh udicss dotcl

otjcrwnsc. Dotc= jcrce`tcr rc`crrcl to es (Qtrodf„s).

1 Bocjicr, Iulwnf 2 Keuhfertdcr, Veitcr 2 [najerlsod, H.C.M 2 Qtehh, Mojedd Mebok= \jcJckrcw edl Erehena Icxnaod o` tjc Oil \cstehcdt, cicatrodna cl. Icnlcd2 Dcw ôrb = C.M. Krnii,

5>>>, a5>><-5>>0. Dotc= jcrce`tcr rc`crrcl to es (JEI).

< E snfdn`naedt ln``crcdac tjet wc wnii cxpiorc ns tjet Qtrodf„s eppcers to iuhp eii lc`ndntnods udlcr

odc Jckrcw worl ’Kere,‘ wjnic JEI lnvnlcs tjc lc`ndntnods kctwccd òur worls spciicl edl(pcrjeps) prodoudacl tjc sehc (johodyhs)= ’Kere.‘

3 \jc Aetjoina Cdayaiopclne, Ndtcrdct vcrsnod, udlcr tjc sukmcat ’Arcetnod,‘ ntch NNN (Erfuhcdtsòr Arcetnod, #;). Et tjc tnhc o` tjns wrntndf, tjns cdayaiopclne hey kc òudl et=

jttp=//www.dcwelvcdt.orf/aetjcd/7<<67e.jth (ehodf otjcr pieacs). Dotc= jcrce`tcr rc`crrcl to es(Aetjoina Cdayaiopclne, Ndtcrdct).

0

Qndacrciy lcvout pcopic hey jevc ln``nauity wntj tjc dotnod tjet tjc pjysnaei woril òrhs eaodtcxt òr tjc worls o` tjc Knkic, cvcd cdinfjtcdndf edl cxpiendndf acrtend `ceturcs o` nt. \o tjcsc

N o``cr tjc òiiowndf quotc `roh tjc Knkic ntsci`= ’Cvcr sndac tjc arcetnod o` tjc woril, jns ndvnsnkicettrnkutcs o` ctcrdei powcr edl lnvndnty jevc kccd ekic to kc udlcrstool edl pcracnvcl nd wjet jc

jes helc…‘ ([oheds 5=;7)“Nteinas edl koilèac hndc). @roh \jc Dcw Ehcrnaed Knkic,

http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04470a.htm

http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/04470a.htm




5:

Aod`retcrdnty o` Ajrnstned Loatrndc, Vesjndftod LA, aopyrnfjt 5>67. Dotc= jcrce`tcr rc`crrcl to es(DEK).

6 \jc heajndc ns aeiicl e K[EBC, dot e krceb. Nt ns uscl to `nrhiy joil (krebc) sjcct hctei so tjetnt aed kc kcdt. Kut tjc worl K[CEB hey kc uscl to lcsarnkc tjc kcdlndf proacss nt pcròrhs“odclc`ndntnod òr krceb ns to kcdl or to òil (HV, krceb= 53, k).

: Qcc Eppcdlnx K= jow aed wc bdow ekout tjc kcfnddndf?

> N eh spcebndf jcrc o` ajonacs kctwccd pukinsjcl lc`ndntnods. N proposc tjet rceinty jcips usAJOOQC kctwccd suaj lc`ndntnods. Ky tjchscivcs pjysnaei rceintncs aed„t kc uscl to aodaiusnvciylc`ndc worls nd tjc tcxt o` Fcdcsns.



Ajeptcr ;=

\jc @nrst Vorl edl [ceinty

’Nd tjc kcfnddndf Fol arcetcl tjc

jcevcd edl tjc certj.‘ Fcdcsns 5=5( EP )

\jns pjresc, ’Nd tjc kcfnddndf…‘5 o`tcd aohcs up wjcd rcinfnous

pcopic spceb o` Fol„s arcetnod. Nt eiso `ndls nts wey ndto sohc o` tjc

koobs tjet sancdtnsts wrntc, òr kcttcr or òr worsc;. \jcsc worls erc

chkcllcl nd tjc scdtcdac quotcl ekovc. Vjet lo tjc worls hced? Lotjcy edswcr tjc qucstnod, ’Vjcd edl/ or wjcrc lnl Fol arcetc?‘ N sccb to

edswcr tjet qucstnod, edl sjow tjet tjc scdtcdac nd Fcdcsns 5=5 ns

aohposcl o` òur cichcdts, tjrcc o` wjnaj aed kc lnrcatiy aod`nrhcl or

rcùtcl ky tjc chcrfndf sancdac. \jcsc spceb to= ’Vjcd/ wjcrc, wjo,jow, edl wjet?‘ \jc `nrst cichcdt (wjcd/ wjcrc?) ns ellrcsscl nd tjns

koob, Poiuhc 5. \jc tjnrl (jow?) ns tjc sukmcat o` Poiuhc ;. \jc òurtj

(wjet?) ns ’tjc jcevcd edl certj,‘ wjnaj ns tjc sukmcat o` Poiuhc 1. \jcscaodl cichcdt (wjo?), ’Fol,‘ N jevc lc`crrcl to Poiuhc 3. Eitjoufj nt

locs dot eppcer nd Fcdcsns 5=5, N jevc lcanlcl to ndaiulc edotjcr ndstedac

o` tjc worl kere (arcetc) nd tjns scrncs (Poiuhc <), kcaeusc nt„s aodtcxtspcebs to tjc qucstnod o` ’Vjy?‘

Lc`ndntnods òr ’Nd‘ edl ’kcfnddndf=‘

Nd cichcdtery sajooi N wes teufjt (es heykc you wcrc too) tjet n` e

worl wes udèhniner, (edl sohctnhcs cvcd n` nt wes dot) N sjouil ioob ntup nd e lnatnodery. \jcd N sjouil ajoosc `roh ehodf tjc lc`ndntnods tjc

odc tjet `nts tjc aodtcxt kcst. Nd Fcdcsns 5=5 ’nd‘ ns e prcposntnod, so N

ioobcl òr tjc lc`ndntnod o` tjc prcposntnod ’nd.‘

’5e ‑ Sscl es e ùdatnod worl to ndlnaetc ndaiusnod,

ioaetnod, or posntnod wntjnd inhnts‘ (HV, pefc 3:<)

’Nd‘ pertneiiy tredsietcs tjc Jckrcw worl kcrcsjntj,1 tjc `nrst

worl nd Fcdcsns 5=5. \jc aohpodcdt o` tjc worl essoanetcl wntj ’nd‘ ns

tjc koil-èacl edl cdierfcl kc (Jckrcw). JEI ndaiulcs (ehodf otjcrs)

tjc òiiowndf lc`ndntnods òr kc, tjc ajereatcr (kctj) kciow=




;7

’…kesna hcedndf ioaei edl ndstruhcdtei, nd, et…;.

to kc nd e huitntulc… <. ndlnaetcs tjc rceih wntjnd

wjnaj sohctjndf cxnsts or jeppcds…0. tchporeiiy=et, od, wntjnd…‘

N jevc cxaiulcl hedy lc`ndntnods òr tjns pert o` kcrcsjntj ( kc) tjet

scch to jevc inttic or do rcietnod to Fcdcsns 5=5.< Cvcd so, `roh tjosc tjet

rchend ajonacs hust kc helc.3 @or cxehpic, ’nd‘ (#„s 5, ;, edl < ekovc) ns

dot tjc sehc es ’od‘ (#0 ekovc), dor ns nt eiweys tjc sehc es ’et,‘ tjoufj

nt hey kc uscl nd sohc aodtcxts snhnieriy. Vjnaj tjoufjt/s aerrncl ky

tjcsc worls wes ndtcdlcl ky tjc eutjor? N„ii o``cr rceinty-kescl iofna tjetsupports e ajonac nd tjc dcxt ajeptcr.

שמ

\jc rchendlcr o` tjc Jckrcw worl (kc rcsjntj , ekovc) ns

tredsietcl ’kcfnddndf.‘ @nrst, sndac ’kcfnddndf‘ ns uscl nd Fcdcsns 5=5 es e

doud, ict„s ioob et tjc Cdfinsj doud lc`ndntnods òr ’kcfnddndf.‘ Vc `ndl

tjc òiiowndf òur=

’5= \jc pondt et wjnaj sohctjndf kcfnds= Q\E[\ ;=

\jc `nrst pert 1= O[NFND, QOS[AC <= E rulnhcdterystefc or ceriy pcrnol.‘

0

Dcxt, wc dccl to ioob et possnkic hcedndfs òr tjc Jckrcw, wjnaj

ns rcsjntj. Qtrodf„s fiosscs nt tjns wey=

’…tjc `nrst, nd pieac, tnhc, orlcr or redb

(spcan`naeiiy, e `nrst`runt)=--kcfnddndf, ajnc`(-cst),

`nrst(-`runts, pert, tnhc), prndanpei tjndf‘

JEI eiso ndaiulcs tjc ekovc nlces nd nts inst o` uscs.Eitjoufj tjcsc Cdfinsj edl Jckrcw lc`ndntnods erc dot

worl òr worl hetajcs, tjcy erc dot ndaohpetnkic. @urtjcrhorc, wjcdwc erc ndòrhcl ky sancdac ekout tjc kcfnddndf o` our aoshos, aohhod

espcats nd tjc Cdfinsj edl Jckrcw ènriy muhp o`` tjc pefc.

\jc sancdac=

\owerl tjc kcfnddndf o` tjc iest acdtury, tjc aoshna tjcory oàjonac suffcstcl tjet tjc udnvcrsc jes eiweys cxnstcl, wntjout kcfnddndf,

nd ed udajedfndf stetc. [cspcatcl sancdtnsts, Cndstcnd ehodf tjch, aeiicl



\jc @nrst Vorl edl [ceinty ;5

nt tjc ’stetna udnvcrsc.‘ Vjet locs tjns hced? @or odc tjndf, nt wouil

hced tjet speac, tnhc, edl cdcrfy/hettcr jel eiweys cxnstcl. ’Aioabs‘wouil jevc eiweys tnabcl. \nhc jel do zcro. Vc aouil dot ioob keab nd

tnhc to wjcd nt eii kcfed kcaeusc tjcrc wouil jevc kccd do kcfnddndf.

@or sancdtnsh, tjc nhpinaetnods wcrc cdorhous. [cportcliy, tjcy

aouil (edl lnl) usc tjc nlce es ’proo`‘ tjet tjc `nrst worls nd tjc Knkicwcrc èisc. Qnhod Qndfj, nd jns koob \jc Knf Kedf, \jc Ornfnd o` tjc

Sdnvcrsc, pefc 6> tciis tjc story o` tjc cvoiutnod o` knf kedf tjcory. Jc

nlcdtn`ncl tjc stetc o` hndl nd tjc sancdtn`na aohhudnty es òiiows=

’Ed ctcrdei udnvcrsc scchcl to strnbc e ajorl nd tjcsancdtn`na aohhudnty… tjcrc wes do dccl to cxpiend jow nt wes

arcetcl, wjcd nt wes arcetcl, wjy nt wes arcetcl, or Vjo arcetcl

nt. Qancdtnsts wcrc pertnauieriy proul tjet tjcy jel lcvciopcl etjcory o` tjc udnvcrsc tjet do iodfcr rcincl od ndvobndf Fol.‘

6

Jowcvcr, e sancdtnst dehcl Clwnd Jukkic (e`tcr wjoh tjc

aurrcdtiy orkntndf speac tcicsaopc wes dehcl) okscrvetnodeiiy edl

cxpcrnhcdteiiy vcrn`ncl tjet tjc udnvcrsc wes dot stetna, nt wes nd tjc proacss o` cxpedlndf, icelndf to tjc aodaiusnod tjet nt jel e kcfnddndf.

Cvcd Cndstcnd `ndeiiy jel to elhnt tjc okvnous“tjc udnvcrsc lnl dot `nt

jns kcinc` tjet nt jel eiweys kccd.:

\owerl tjc iest pert o` tjc 5><7„s, sohctjndf snhnier to tjc stetna

udnvcrsc wes rcvnvcl. \jcy aeiicl nt ’tjc stcely stetc tjcory.‘ \jns tjcory

suffcstcl tjet, cvcd tjoufj tjc udnvcrsc wes okscrvcl to kc cxpedlndf, nt

jel eiweys cxnstcl, edl nt lnl dot jevc e kcfnddndf. Kut tjc stcely stetctjcory lnl dot rchend nd èvor òr iodf. Nd e sjort pcrnol o` tnhc nt kcaehc

aicer to host o` sancdac tjet tjc udnvcrsc jel e kcfnddndf.

Nd e dutsjcii= Kcinc` nd ed ctcrdei udnvcrsc, wntjout kcfnddndf,`cii out o` èvor. \jc udnvcrsc eaaorlndf to tjc ietcst sancdac

jes e kcfnddndf.

\jc tjcory tjet supcrsclcl stetna udnvcrsc edl stcely stetc tjcorncs

ns ’tjc knf kedf.‘ \jns tjcory suffcsts tjet tjc cxpedsnod o` tjc udnvcrsc

kcfed wntj ed ’cxpiosnvc‘ cvcdt. \jns ns horc tjed must nlic teib ky tjcrcietcl sancdtn`na lnsanpindcs. Hedy sancdtnsts erc acrtend tjet tjc knf kedf

tjcory ns od tjc rnfjt treab. Otjcrs kcincvc tjet nt cxpiends okscrvetnods,

kut tjcy icevc sohc wnffic rooh òr ùturc lnsaovcrncs. Cvcd so, et tjctnhc o` tjns wrntndf, host tjcorncs erc indbcl to e knf kedf nd sohc wey,

tjoufj e sheii hndornty aindfs to stnii otjcr vcrsnods o` e stcely stetc inbcudnvcrsc.

\jc kesna nlce kcjndl tjc knf kedf ns tjns= n` wjet wc okscrvc ns

cxpedlndf, tjcd et e fnvcd pondt nd tjc pest tjc udnvcrsc wes sheiicr, edl

eii tjc hetcrneis nd nt wcrc aioscr tofctjcr. [uddndf tjc aioab keabwerl




;;

edl nhefndndf tjc udnvcrsc et profrcssnvciy cerincr cpoajs (inbc e vnlco nd

rcvcrsc), nt wouil kc fcttndf sheiicr edl sheiicr edl jottcr edl jottcr estjc stu`` o` tjns udnvcrsc wes aohpeatcl to udnhefndekic lcdsntncs edl

cdcrfncs. @ndeiiy, nd tjns proacss, cvcrytjndf iooscs nts nlcdtnty“cvcd tnhc

edl speac, es wc bdow nt, lnseppcer. @roh tjet okmcat or pondt, n` wc

swntaj tjc vnlco ndto òrwerl, wc scc our udnvcrsc cxpiolndf ndtocxnstcdac wntj e kedf! @nrst, e sndfuiernty, or pcrjeps e prnhorlnei duffct,

kcfed to cxpedl. Cxpedsnod fevc rnsc to speac edl tnhc, cdcrfy, tjc òur

ùdlehcdtei òracs, hettcr, edl ettcdledt proacsscs tjet lnl dot cxnst kcòrc. \jns proacss, nd `reatnods o` e scaodl, spewdcl tjc aodarctc

prcaursor o` our udnvcrsc. Krned Frccdc, nd \jc Cicfedt Sdnvcrsc, pefcs

:; edl :1, edl Weui Levncs nd Aoshna Meabpot pefcs 0667, edl hedyotjcr souracs, outindc tjcsc cvcdts nd horc lcteni.

Jowcvcr, nt ns nhportedt to udlcrstedl tjet aoshoiofy nsndarcesndfiy òausndf od tjc vcry `nrst pert o` udnvcrsei proacsscs, tjosc

tjet wcrc out o` rceaj dot too iodf efo. Frccdc> uscs tjc worls ’dcwkord

udnvcrsc‘ to ioaetc arntnaei cvcdts tjet sjepcl our udnvcrsc. Hertnd [ccs

57

uscs ’ceriy stefc,‘ edl ’ceriy udnvcrsc‘ to nlcdtn`y tjc `nrst hniinscaodl(odc tjousedltj o` e scaodl) o` tjc knf kedf. Otjcrs sey tjet ’ceriy

udnvcrsc‘ ns e iekci tjet eppincs to `roh odc hnaroscaodl (odc hniinodtj o`

e scaodl) e`tcr tjc knf kedf to ekout 1:7,777 ycers. \jc ’vcry ceriyudnvcrsc,‘ eaaorlndf to tjch, ns cvcrytjndf kcòrc odc hniinodtj o` e

scaodl. Eaaorlndf to tjcsc wcii-bdowd edl rcspcatcl sancdtnsts, tjns

pcrnol (tjc vcry ceriy udnvcrsc) ns arntnaei to e propcr udlcrstedlndf oàoshna ornfnds.

Nd e dutsjcii= Qancdtnsts dow sey tjet tjc udnvcrsc jel e

kcfnddndf, edl tjcy lnvnlc nts ceriy jnstory ndto ln``crcdt

pcrnols, wjnaj erc iekcicl ’ceriy udnvcrsc‘ edl ’vcry ceriy

udnvcrsc,‘ ettrnkutndf horc tjed tjc usuei snfdn`naedac to

tjch.

Ekout tjc frepjnas

N wnii rciy jcevniy upod frepjnas to put tjc pncacs o` tjns pnaturc

tofctjcr nd ed udlcrstedlekic wey. \jns ns cesy to sey, kut nd preatnac, nt ns

vcry ln``nauit to lo. N, inbc otjcrs kcòrc hc, jevc strufficl wntj eiiheddcr o` lrewndfs, edl `ndl tjet dodc aodvcy tjc cxpedsnvc deturc o`

our udnvcrsc vcry wcii. \jc saeics o` tjndfs erc estrodohnaei, wjnaj ns

ln``nauit to aodvcy od e sjcct o` pepcr. Ellntnodeiiy, otjcr `ceturcs o` tjcfrepjnas aouil kc hnsicelndf. Qo, tjcsc frepjnas sjouil dot kc cxtcdlcl

kcyodl hy stetcl ndtcdt.




@nfurc 5=5-5e55

hnfjt kc tjc sjepc o` tjc udnvcrsc. @or hy

purposcs wc supposc tjet nt ns. Jowcvcr, e snhpic spjcrc aed„t kc uscl toaovcy huaj o` tjc dcacssery ndòrhetnod. \jcrcòrc, nd sohc ndstedacs N

usc dcstcl scatnods o` spjcrcs5;

to aodvcy tjc aodacpts o` speac, tnhc,

frowtj, freluei ajedfc, edl (fcdcrei) ioaetnods. Es @nfurc 5=5-k sjows, N

rchovc sinacs `roh tjch (e aross scatnod o` sorts) opcdndf tjc ndtcrnor tovncw. Ceaj scatnod o` e spjcrc sinac rcprcscdts tjc udnvcrsc et e pertnauier

pondt nd tnhc. \jc kcfnddndf ns towerl tjc hnllic edl odiy kcaohcs

vnsnkic es wc trevci towerl nt (es tjc acdtcr ns hefdn`ncl). \jc ierfcstspjcrc rcprcscdts tjc udnvcrsc nd tjc prcscdt. Ssueiiy e sinac o` tjc

rcicvedt spjcrcs ns e vnsuei enl òr ndòrhetnod prcscdtcl nd tjc

surroudlndf or prcaclndf tcxt, eiiowndf òr e `cci òr ed cvcdt„s ioaetnod ndtnhc edl speac rcietnvc to otjcr cvcdts edl, tjc kcfnddndf o` our

udnvcrsc51

.

Nd otjcr worls, tjc

prnhery `ceturcs o` tjc frepjnas

erc speac edl tnhc. \jcy provnlc tjc `rehcworb òr

edswcrs to qucstnods inbc= Vjetjeppcdcl? Vjcrc lnl nt jeppcd

edl wjcd? Qpeac spcan`ncs

wjcrc ed cvcdt jes jeppcdcl ored okmcat rcsnlcs, tnhc spcan`ncs

wjcd.5<

Kut tnhc worbs

ln``crcdtiy tjed speac. \nhc ns eodc-wey strcct, so to spceb. Nt

scchs tjet wc aed„t pjysnaeiiy

hovc keabwerls eiodfnts petj inbc wc aed tjc

tjrcc lnrcatnods o` speac.

Jowcvcr, tjcrc erc`ceturcs o` our udnvcrsc

tjet lo eiiow us to ioob

keab ndto tnhc, cdekindfus to lnsaovcr quntc e iot

ekout tjc ceriy udnvcrsc.

\ypnaeiiy, tnhc nshcesurcl `roh sohc

cvcdt ky

rcprcscdtndf

hcesurchcdts o` tnhc

@nfurc 5=5-5e

duhkcrs

@nfurc 5=5-5k




;<

tjet ndarcesc towerl tjc ùturc. Qohc o` tjc frepjnas tjet òiiow rcìcat

tjns sajchc, cxacpt tjet tjc rc`crcdac pondt ns ln``crcdt. \jc rc`crcdac pondt ns t87 (t rcprcscdts tnhc, 7 ns kcòrc tjc aioab sterts tnabndf), edl es

wc ioob keab `roh our prcscdt vedtefc pondt tjc duhkcrs lcarcesc towerl

7. Jow èr sancdac aed tebc us towerl zcro (tjc pondt must kcòrc tnhc es

wc bdow nt kcfed) ns dot bdowd. Cvcd so, `roh e acrtend pondt o` vncw,

s o` zcros nd tjc `reatnods

cvcd tjoufj nt hnfjt provc tnrcsohc to sohc.

tjcy jevc aohc aiosc.

@nfurc 5=5-;e

@nfurc 5=5-;e puts tjcsc aodacpts to worb. \jc scatnods o` spjcrcserc rcprcscdtetnods o` speac et e pertnauier ndstedt nd tnhc. Nd tjc erce

kctwccd tjc scatnods o` spjcrcs, odc hnfjt ndscrt edy duhkcr o` sinacs out

o` tnhc2 lowd to wjetcvcr hndnhuh veiuc tnhc hnfjt jevc. \josc tjet N

jevc ndscrtcl rcprcscdt pcrnols tjet jevc spcan`na hcedndf nd tjc aodtcxto` tjc sancdac. \jc duhkcrs erc dotc-wortjy kcaeusc tjcy dot odiy ioaetc pondts

nd tnhc“tjcy eiso nlcdtn`y cpoajs nd tjc jnstory o` our udnvcrsc lurndf wjnaj

rcherbekic pjysnaei cvcdts toob pieac. Qohc pcrnols wcrc vcry iodf ndjuhed tcrhs, edl sohc wcrc vcry sjort (nd tjc suaacclndf frepjnas wc

cvcdtueiiy rceaj tjc `nrst scaodl, edl e`tcr tjet tjc duhkcrs rcìcat

`reatnods o` nt, 5/5,777, 5/5,777,777, cta.). Es tjc duhkcrs kcaohc cvcrsheiicr, tjc duhkcr o` zcro„s kcaohcs oksacdciy ierfc, òr wjnaj

hetjchetnaei dotetnod wouil kc prc`crekic. Nt wouil tebc icss speac. Kut nt

wouil ìy rnfjt ovcr host o` our jcels edl wc wouil dcvcr fct e rceiscdsc o` tjc ndarclnkiy sheii `reatnods o` tnhc tjet tjcy rcprcscdt. Qo N

jevc ajoscd to sjow tjc epproprnetc duhkcr




Edotjcr cxpiedetnod kcaohcs dcacssery sndac N holn`y tjc

udnvcrsc/ spjcrc/ sinac frepjnas `roh tnhc to tnhc. @nfurc 5=5-;k ns tjchefdn`ncl vncw o` e sheii pert o`

@nfurc 5=5-;e. Es you aed scc, tjcrc

erc òur spjcrc scatnods to tjc rnfjt nd

aiosc proxnhnty to ceaj otjcr. Ndorlcr to iekci tjch edl pieac

dotetnods rcietnvc to tjch N

sohctnhcs hovc tjc scatnods epertedl rchovc edl/ or èlc out otjcrs

òr e kcttcr vncw, es nd @nfurc 5=5-;a.

Ellntnodeiiy, you hey dotnac tjet totjc ic`t o` tjc òur ierfc spjcrcs nd

@nfurc 5=5-;k, tjcrc ns e vcry sheii

lot o` aoior. Nd èat, wjcd tjns

shulfc o` aoior ns hefdn`ncl (es nd

@nfurc 5=5-;a) otjcr nhportedt pcrnols essoanetcl wntj tjc cerincst

hohcdts o` our udnvcrsc aohc nd tovncw. \jns òrhs e vnsuei aodtcxt òr

rceintncs icerdcl ky sancdac wjnic

prcscrvndf es kcst N aed e scdsc o`scqucdac, tnhc edl speac, edl tjc

ùdlehcdtei rceinty o` e kcfnddndf

pcrnol òr our udnvcrsc=

@nfurc 5=5-;k

@nfurc 5=5-;a




;0

\jns ajeptcr nd e dutsjcii= Eaaorlndf to tjc sancdac, tjns

udnvcrsc jel e kcfnddndf. Inbcwnsc, cvcdts nd nts jnstory hey

kc aeteiofucl eaaorlndf to tnhc. Qancdac jes lukkcl nts

cerincst pcrnol, `roh t87 to 5 hniinodtj o` e scaodl, ’tjc vcry

ceriy udnvcrsc.‘

5 \jcrc erc sohc ln``crcdt vncws ekout jow tjc `nrst vcrsc o` Fcdcsns sjouil kc rcdlcrcl, edl e `cwtredsietnods rcìcat tjns èat. @or rcesods tjet wnii kcaohc eppercdt, N jevc ajoscd tjc horc

aohhod rcdlcrndf `roh EP. Mehcs Kerr nd jns pepcr Jckrcw Icxnaofrepjy= Ndòrhei \joufjts, esòudl nd Indfunstnas edl Knkinaei Jckrcw, Clntcl ky Veitcr [ey Kolndc, 5<6, spcebs o` tjc hedy

possnknintncs prcscdtcl ky kcrcsjntj rcqunrndf tjet ajonacs kc helc ky icxnaofrepjcrs.

;

Nseea Esnhov, nd jns koob Nd tjc Kcfnddndf… ettchpts to aohperc tjc `nrst pert o` Fcdcsns tosancdac, dotndf pondts o` efrcchcdt edl lnsefrcchcdt. Sdòrtudetciy, jc locs dot aohperc tjcworls o` Fcdcsns to sancdac. Jc aohpercs trelntnodei tjcoiofy„s opndnods (edl jns owd) to tjcsancdac. Esnhov, Nseea= Nd tjc Kcfnddndf. Arowd Wukinsjcrs, 5>:5 Dotc= jcrce`tcr rc`crrcl toes Esnhov, Nd \jc Kcfnddndf.

1 \jns spciindf o` tjc Jckrcw worl ns odc o` scvcrei tjet oaaur nd ln``crcdt pieacs. \jc ln``crcdacsscch to inc nd vernous ruics òr tredsintcretnod. Hy ajonac o` spciindf ns erkntrery, edl dot kesclupod edy pertnauier pondt o` iofna or ruic.

< Jckrcw icxnaods inst tjc sukmcat iedfuefc worls edl sccb to lc`ndc tjch nd tjc terfct iedfuefc,

wjnaj ns Cdfinsj nd tjns koob. Qajoiers dotc tjet tjc hcedndfs o` tjc Jckrcw worl rcsnlcl nd tjchndls o` tjc edancdt spcebcr, edl jc/sjc rcvceicl tjc pertnauier hcedndf tjcy jel nd hndl wjcdtjcy spobc (or wrotc) tjc worl edl tjet hcedndf hey kc rcvceicl ky tjc aodtcxt. @or tjet rcesodwc rnfjtiy scicat odc edl lnsaerl otjcr hcedndfs tjet erc instcl òr tjc worl es òudl nd icxnaods.

\jc ajonac sjouil dot kc helc od tjc kesns o` e tredsietor„s kcinc`s ekout wjet tjc pcrsod wrotc, kut od tjc kesns o` tjc eatuei aodtcxt o` jns wrntndf. N suffcst tjet pjysnaei rceintncs o` tjc tnhcsrc`crcdacl ky Fcdcsns erc e propcr aodtcxt edl sjouil aodtend cvcdts tjet aorrcspodl to lc`ndntnodso` nts worls n` Fcdcsns ns ed eaauretc eaaoudt o` tjc rceintncs tjet Fcdcsns rc`crcdacs.

3 Indfunstnas nlcdtn`ncs tjc possnkic ajonacs, kut tjc cvnlcdac ns vncwcl ln``crcdtiy ky ln``crcdtsajoiers edl eppercdtiy do odc aed sey òr acrtend wjnaj ajonac ns tjc aorrcat odc. @or odc eaaoudt

o` tjc ln``crcdacs scc VND\JC[-DNCIQCD, Dnaoien, eutjor. 5>>;. "‚Nd tjc kcfnddndf„ o` Knkinaei

Jckrcw lnsaoursc= Fcdcsns 5=5 edl tjc `rodtcl tnhc cxprcssnod" es nt eppcers nd ’Iedfuefc ndaodtcxt= Csseys òr [okcrt C. Iodfearc‘, Qjnd Me M. Jwedf edl Vniineh [. Hcrrn`ncil (cls.), 06-:7.@or edotjcr eaaoudt scc Quhhcr Ndstntutc o` Indfunstnas edl tjc Sdnvcrsnty o` \cxes et ErindftodWukinaetnods nd Indfunstnas 576. Eiso scc JEI pp 550>-67.

0 HV, 571.




6 Qndfj, Qnhod, \jc Knf Kedf, \jc Ornfnd o` tjc Sdnvcrsc, Jerpcr Wcrcddnei, ;77<. Dotc= jcrce`tcrrc`crrcl to es (Qndfj, \jc Knf Kedf…)

: Frccdc, Krned, \jc Cicfedt Sdnvcrsc, Pndtefc Koobs, ;777, :;. Dotc= jcrce`tcr rc`crrcl to es(Frccdc, \jc Cicfedt Sdnvcrsc).

> Frccdc, \jc Cicfedt Sdnvcrsc, 137

57 [ccs, Hertnd, Kcòrc tjc Kcfnddndf, Wcrscus Koobs, aopyrnfjt 5>>6 ky Hertnd [ccs, 53<, 507. Dotc= jcrce`tcr rc`crrcl to es ([ccs, Kcòrc tjc Kcfnddndf).

55 \jc duhkcrndf sajchc òr tjc frepjnas rcìcats tjc ajeptcr, vcrsc, scqucdac, edl froupndfs o`

rcietcl frepjnas n.c. @nfurc 5=5-5e “Fcdcsns ajeptcr (5=), vcrsc (5-), scqucdac o` tjc frepjna, (5),

edl tjc `nrst nd tjc froup o` rcietcl frepjnas (e). \jns edtnanpetcs otjcr koobs ekout ceaj o` tjcvcrscs nd Fcdcsns 5=;-;=3.

5; E`tcr N jel sctticl od tjcsc typcs o` frepjnas N icerdcl tjet Krned Frccdc spobc o` tjc aodacpt nd

\jc @ekrna o` tjc Aoshos, ;<:. (Frccdc, Krned, \jc @ekrna o` tjc Aoshos, Pndtefc Koobs,aopyrnfjt ky Krned [. Frccdc, ;77<, pefc ;:0. Dotc= jcrce`tcr rc`crrcl to es (Frccdc, \jc @ekrna o`tjc Aoshos).

51 DO\C= \jc ndtcdt o` tjcsc frepjnas ns to lchodstretc tjc rcietnodsjnp o` pest pcrnols nd tjc

jnstory o` our udnvcrsc to odc edotjcr. Nd rcei tnhc odiy odc udnvcrsc cxnsts, frowndf edl ajedfndfudtni dow.

5< [ccs, Hertnd, Must Qnx Duhkcrs, Kesna Koobs, aopyrnfjt ky Hertnd [ccs, ;777, 510. Dotc=jcrce`tcr rc`crrcl to es ([ccs, Must Qnx Duhkcrs).



Ajeptcr 1=

Sdlcrstedlndf’Nd tjc kcfnddndf…‘

Dow, wc wnii tebc ed nd lcptj ioob et kcrcsjntj, Jckrcw òr ’Nd

tjc kcfnddndf,‘ wjnic et tjc sehc tnhc cxehndndf wjet wc icerdcl `rohtjc sancdac. [chchkcr tjet Fcorfc (nd ajeptcr 5) wcdt to Jerry„s

worbpieac to fct horc ndòrhetnod, edl wjet jc icerdcl jcipcl jnh

ajoosc tjc rcicvedt lc`ndntnod òr ’krceb.‘ Csscdtneiiy, wc erc londf tjnstoo ky ioobndf et tjc sancdac es nt rcietcs to tjc kcfnddndf o` our udnvcrsc.

Dow, nd tjns ajeptcr, wc wnii aohperc sohc o` wjet wc„vc icerdcl `rohsancdac to tjc tcxt o` Fcdcsns. Ellntnodeiiy, wc wnii cxehndc jow otjcr knkinaei wrntcrs uscl kcrcsjntj. Lo tjcsc otjcr ndstedacs ell edytjndf to

tjns sukmcat?

Vjet ekout ’Nd?‘ Nt sjouil kc pondtcl out tjet (eaaorlndf tosohc knkinaei Jckrcw sajoiers) tjc cxeat òrh o` tjc Jckrcw worlkcrcsjntj nd Fcdcsns 5=5 ns òudl dowjcrc cisc nd tjc Knkic, edl tjcrc ns

sohc qucstnod ekout nts frehhetnaei òrh. \jns jes aeuscl sohc

tredsietors to qucstnod jow nt sjouil kc udlcrstool. Hedy ettchpts et

rcsoivndf suaj ln``crcdas o` opndnod jevc kccd o``crcl. Jowcvcr, N lo dot

kcincvc tjet edy o` tjc aohpicx tjcoiofnaei/ pjniosopjnaei/ indfunstnacxpiedetnods epproeaj tjc snhpic

5 powcr o` tjc worl.

\jc `nrst aohpodcdt o` kcrcsjntj ns usueiiy tredsietcl ’Nd.‘;

Hcrrneh Vckstcr„s lc`ndcs ’Nd‘ es òiiows=

’5e ‑ Sscl es e ùdatnod worl to ndlnaetc ndaiusnod,

ioaetnod, or posntnod wntjnd inhnts‘ (HV, pefc 3:<)

Host uscs o` tjns worl tcdl towerl tjns hcedndf. Nt aed ndlnaetc

ndaiusnod nd sohctjndf.

@nfurc 5=5-1 niiustretcs tjns nlce. Nd tjns frepjna, tjc autewey o`tjns spjcrc rcprcscdts sohctjndf tedfnkic, ndsnlc o` wjnaj sohctjndf

hnfjt jeppcd. Vjet cstekinsjcs tjc inhnts tjet provnlc tjc ioaetnod ’nd?‘

\jns spjcrc ns koudlcl 1 od tjc outsnlc ky nts outcr inhnts.



Cqunveicdt edl Aohpichcdtery ;>

@nfurc 5=5-1

Nd e dutsjcii= ’Nd‘ aed hced ndsnlc o` sohctjndf.

Vjet ekout ’kcfnddndf?‘ ’Nd RtjcX< kcfnddndf…‘ ns tredsietcl

`roh tjc Jckrcw kcrcsjntj (kc + rcsjntj). Kc 8 nd edl rcsjntj 8 kcfnddndf.

Vjetcvcr lc`ndntnod wc ajoosc òr ’nd‘ hust eiiow òr tjc lc`ndntnod o`’kcfnddndf.‘ Nt wouil dot kc iofnaei to pnab lc`ndntnods hutueiiy

cxaiusnvc. N` wc ajoosc to lc`ndc ’nd‘ es ’ndsnlc o`,‘ aed tjc worl

’kcfnddndf‘ kc lc`ndcl nd e aohpetnkic wey?

Cdfinsj lc`ndntnods o` ’kcfnddndf‘ hey jevc tchporei

snfdn`naedac, edl wjcd tjns aodacpt ns aoupicl wntj tjc worl ’nd,‘ nt hnfjt

hced tjet sohctjndf ns jeppcdndf sohcwjcrc ‚ndsnlc tjc ìow o` tnhc.„\jns nlce ns nhportedt to tjns sukmcat. Jowcvcr, tjcsc worls aed eiso kc

ekout sohctjndf ln``crcdt. Ioob et `nfurc 5=5-1 efend.

Dow ioob et tjc Cdfinsj lc`ndntnod o` ’kcfnddndf,‘ wntj tjcudlcrstedlndf tjet wc hust sohctnhcs hebc ajonacs kctwccd sohcwjet

ln``crcdt lc`ndntnods òr e fnvcd worl.




17

’5= \jc pondt et wjnaj sohctjndf kcfnds= Q\E[\ ;=

\jc `nrst pert 1= O[NFND, QOS[AC <= E rulnhcdterystefc or ceriy pcrnol.‘ (HV, koilèac edl udlcrindc

hndc)

Vjcd wc usc ’kcfnddndf,‘ jow lo wc usueiiy ndtcdl tjet nt kc

udlcrstool? Hostiy wc usc nt to hced tjc stert o` sohctjndf (lc`ndntnod #5

ekovc). Dcvcrtjcicss, ict„s ioob aiosciy et tjc otjcr lc`ndntnods. N` wcsukstntutc tjc lc`ndntnods nd duhkcrs ; edl < òr ’kcfnddndf‘ wc fct= 5) ‚Nd

tjc `nrst pert Fol arcetcl tjc jcevcds edl tjc certj.„ ;) ‚Nd tjc

rulnhcdtery stefc Fol arcetcl tjc jcevcds edl tjc certj.„ or, wntjrc`crcdac to tnhc, ‚Nd tjc ceriy pcrnol Fol arcetcl tjc jcevcds edl tjc

certj.„

Jevc tjc òiiowndf qucstnods oaaurrcl to you? Nd tjc `nrst pert o`

VJE\ wcrc tjc jcevcds edl Certj arcetcl? Nd tjc rulnhcdtery stefc o`VJE\ wcrc tjc jcevcds edl tjc certj arcetcl? Nd tjc ceriy pcrnol o`

VJE\ wcrc tjc jcevcds edl tjc certj arcetcl? N` so, you jevc kcfud to

scdsc e vcry rcei possnkninty“e lc`ndntnod òr ’nd tjc kcfnddndf‘ tjet nsvcry ln``crcdt `roh tjc odcs uscl nd tjc puipnt edl nd rcinfnous ndstntutnods

òr jnfjcr icerdndf.

’Qtert,‘ ’ornfnd,‘ edl ’sourac,‘ aed rcietc to e kcfnddndf, edl@nfurc 5=5-;a pondts tjns out. Jowcvcr, tjc otjcr Cdfinsj lc`ndntnods o`

’kcfnddndf‘ aed pondt to tjc `nrst pert o` tnhc edl/or sohc tjndf tjet

prcletcs tjc jcevcd edl certj. Ell tjc worl ’nd‘ to tjc hnx edl odc

hnfjt aodaiulc tjet tjc two worls tofctjcr pondt to tjc ndtcrnor o`sohctjndf tjet ndaiulcs tnhc.

Kut tjcsc lc`ndntnods erc òr tjc Cdfinsj. Locs tjc Jckrcw worlrcsjntj (kcfnddndf) support suaj ed nlce? Qtrodf„s provnlcs tjc òiiowndf

fiosscs3=

’tjc `nrst, nd pieac, tnhc, orlcr or redb (spcan`naeiiy, e

`nrst`runt)=--kcfnddndf, ajnc`(-cst), `nrst(-`runts, pert,tnhc), prndanpei tjndf.‘

@roh tjcsc, wc aed scc tjc redfc o` tjc Jckrcw worl rcsjntj. Nthey kc sohctjndf tjet ns `nrst nd pieac or orlcr, tjet ns, `nrst wntjnd tjc

aodtcxt o` tjc pieacs oaaupncl ky otjcr tjndfs. Nt hey eiso nlcdtn`y

sohctjndf tjet ns `nrst nd tnhc. Nt hey kc tjc `nrst tjndf (duhcrnaeiiy) nd efroup o` tjndfs. Nt hey cvcd rc`cr to sohctjndf tjet ns horc nhportedt tjed

tjc otjcrs nd tjc froup. @ndeiiy, rcsjntj aed aerry tjc nlce o` tjc’prndanpic‘ or tjc ’ajnc`‘ tjndf.

Nt ns aicer tjet tjc Jckrcw worl kcrcsjntj jes tjc sehc potcdtnei es

nts Cdfinsj aoudtcrperts. ’Nd tjc kcfnddndf…‘ aed aodvcy tjc nlce o`

kcndf ndsnlc tjc `nrst pert o` sohctjndf o` sukstedac. \jns udlcrstedlndf o`



Cqunveicdt edl Aohpichcdtery 15

tjc worl ’nd‘ derrows our ajonacs o` lc`ndntnods. Vc hust ajoosc `roh

ehodf tjc possnkic lc`ndntnods o` tjc worl ’kcfnddndf‘ tjc odc tjeteiiows òr tjc lc`ndntnod wc ajoosc òr (tjc Jckrcw) kc. Odc o` tjcsc

lc`ndntnods stedls epert `roh ’stert,‘ ’et,‘ edl otjcrs inbc nt. \jc stert o`

sohctjndf aed kc e dod-sukstedtnei pondt tjet herbs tjc `nrst koudlery o` e

tnhc pcrnol or tjndf. Jow aed sohctjndf kc ndsnlc o` nt?

0

Od tjc otjcrjedl, nt ns possnkic to kc ndsnlc o` tjc `nrst pert o` sohctjndf tjet jes

eircely stertcl edl aodtnducl òr e pcrnol o` tnhc.

Locs tjns indc o` rcesodndf cdfefc rceintncs essoanetcl wntj tjnsudnvcrsc? ^cs. Kut `nrst ict„s ioob et tjc cxtcdlcl aodtcxt, et jow edotjcr

knkinaei wrntcr uscs kcrcsjntj. Vc wnii `ndl tjet, `roh tjc Knkinaei aodtcxt,

tjcrc ns cvnlcdac òr tjc eitcrdetc udlcrstedlndf o` kcrcsjntj tjet Nsuffcst.

Locs Mcrchnej niiuhndetc ’Nd tjc kcfnddndf?‘

@our vcrscs nd Mcrchnej usc tjc Jckrcw worl kcrcsjntj. \jc

ln``crcdac kctwccd kcrcsjntj nd Fcdcsns 5=5 edl kcrcsjntj nd tjc vcrscs ndMcrchnej ns tjet tjc iettcr ns ’nd tjc aodstruat,‘ tjcy sey. \jns frehhetnaei

lnstndatnod aed kc hostiy udlcrstool `roh e kcfnddndf Jckrcw Frehher.6

Cvcd so, tjc prndanpic ln``crcdac nd Mcrchnej ns tjet tjc oaaurrcdacs erc

tredsietcl= ’…nd tjc kcfnddndf o` tjc rcnfd…‘ Nt tjcrcòrc scchs okvnoustjet n` tjc wrntcr o` Fcdcsns jel senl, ’Nd tjc kcfnddndf o` (sohctjndf)…‘

tjc òrh o` tjc vcry `nrst worls nd tjc Knkic tjcd wouil jevc kccd

nlcdtnaei wntj tjc òur nd Mcrchnej“nt wouil jevc kccd nd tjc aodstruat. Nstjcrc edytjndf wc hnfjt icerd `roh tjns? Hnfjt tjcrc kc sohc rcesod wjy

tjc eutjor o` Fcdcsns ndtcdtnodeiiy ohnttcl tjc ’sohctjndf?‘ Nd otjcr

worls, hnfjt tjc eutjor o` tjc worls ’Nd kcfnddndf…‘ jevc ajoscd wjet

scchs (to sohc Jckrcw frehherneds) to kc e ln``crcdt, edl pcrjepsstredfc, òrh o` kcrcsjntj nd tjc ndtcrcst o` eaaureay edl/or wntj sohc

spcan`na ndtcdt?Mcrchnej ;0=5 ( EP ) seys= ’Nd tjc kcfnddndf o` tjc rcnfd o`

Mcjonebnh tjc sod o` Mosnej bndf o` Mulej aehc tjns worl `roh tjc IO[L,

seyndf…‘ Jcrc, tjc wrntcr ns ioaetndf acrtend cvcdts tjet jeppcdcl nd tjc

rcnfd o` Mcjonebnh. Jc seys tjet tjc cvcdts jeppcdcl ndsnlc tjc `nrst perto` nt, ’nd tjc kcfnddndf o` tjc rcnfd...‘ \jc sehc ns truc o` tjc dcxt

oaaurrcdac o` kcrcsjntj nd Mcrchnej ;6=5.

Jowcvcr, nd ajeptcr ;:=5, ed ellntnodei nlce ns ndaiulcl= ’Edl ntaehc to pess tjc sehc ycer, nd tjc kcfnddndf o` tjc rcnfd o` ]clcbnej bndf

o` Mulej, nd tjc òurtj ycer, edl nd tjc `n`tj hodtj, tjet Jedednej tjc sod

o` Ezur tjc propjct, wjnaj wes o` Fnkcod, spebc udto hc…‘ Jcrc, kcsnlcs ioaetndf tjc cvcdts nd tjc rcnfd o` ]clcbnej ky tjc pjresc ’nd tjc

kcfnddndf,‘ tjc vcrsc spcan`ncs e pertnauier pondt nd tnhc hcesurcl `roh

tjc stert: o` jns rcnfd. \jc cvcdts erc horc `ndciy pnddcl lowd ndsnlc ‚tjc

kcfnddndf o` jns rcnfd„ ky ndvobndf hcesurchcdts o` tnhc nd nts `nrst pert>.




1;

\jns rcndòracs tjc dotnod o` kcndf ndsnlc o` sohctjndf rcei“]clcbnej„s

rcnfd. \jcrce`tcr, Mcrchnej <>=1< rcturds to ioaetndf e pertnauier cvcdt kysnhpiy seyndf tjet nt jeppcdcl nd tjc kcfnddndf o` ]clcbnej„s rcnfd.

\jcsc vcrscs suffcst tjet tjc pjresc ’Nd tjc kcfnddndf‘ ns, nd èat,

uscl to ioaetc rcei cvcdts ndsnlc o` tjc `nrst pert o` sohctjndf tjet ns

sukstedtnei, rcei, aodarctc, edl tjet tjc cvcdts hey kc ioaetcl kyhcesurchcdts o` tnhc. \jc rcnfd o` e bndf hnfjt scch to kc ndtedfnkic.

Jowcvcr, rcei cvcdts erc cdaohpesscl ky nt. Nt aed jevc e `nrst pert,

scaodl pert edl nt hnfjt kc lnvnlcl ndto es hedy perts es dcclcl.\jcrcòrc, nd tjcsc vcrscs, ’Nd tjc kcfnddndf‘ locs dot rc`cr to tjc

stert o` sohctjndf„s cxnstcdac. \jcy eii rc`cr to tjc `nrst pert o` sohctjndf

tjet jes eircely stertcl! \jns pondt ns lrnvcd johc es odc o` tjcsc vcrscs(;:=5) ioaetcs e pondt ndsnlc o` tjc kcfnddndf ky hcesurndf tnhc `roh tjc

stert o` tjc rcnfd.

\jcsc òur ndstedacs o` kcrcsjntj suppiy ellntnodei ndòrhetnod et

olls wntj tjc trelntnodei rcinfnous vncw o` wjet ’Nd tjc kcfnddndf…‘ es

uscl nd Fcdcsns 5=5 hceds. Horc o`tcd tjed dot, trelntnodei tjcoiofyetteajcs tjns hcedndf to nt= ‚kcòrc tnhc kcfed Fol arcetcl.„ Kut, tjcsc

ndstedacs o` kcrcsjntj (ndaiusnvc o` nts usc nd Fcdcsns 5=5) sjow tjet nt aed hced tjet Fol arcetcl nd ed ceriy pcrnol“ nd sohctjndf tjet hey kc

hcesurcl wntj tnhc tjet eircely cxnsts.

Nd e dutsjcii= Kcfnddndf aed hced tjc `nrst pert o` sohc tjndf tjet ndaiulcs tnhc.

Qndac Fcdcsns locs dot spcan`y tjc tjndf tjet jes e kcfnddndf (e

`nrst pert), aed wc nd`cr tjet nt ns sohctjndf spcanei, sohctjndf udnquc? Ns nte kcfnddndf inbc dodc otjcr nd our udnvcrsc? Ns nt tjc prndanpic tjndf

(Qtrodf„s fioss ekovc)“tjet `roh wjnaj eii tjndfs nd tjns udnvcrsc aehc?

Aouil nt kc tjc vcry ceriy udnvcrsc, pcrjeps must `niicl wntj tnhc edl

speac? Ns nt e rulnhcdtery udnvcrsc tjet hnfjt kc fottcd ndsnlc o`, elcvciopndf okmcat nd wjnaj arcetnvc worb hnfjt kc pcròrhcl? Hnfjt tjc

arcetnvc cvcdts nd nt kc ioaetcl ky hcesurchcdts o` tnhc `roh nts stert?

Ed nhportedt edl rcietcl wey o` ioobndf et tjc ln``crcdac kctwccdtjcsc vcrscs nd Mcrchnej edl Fcdcsns 5=5 aodacrds tjc ln``crcdacs nd tjcnr

anrauhstedacs. Ky tjc tnhc o` Mcrchnej, nd tjns udnvcrsc, tjcrc jel kccd

udaoudtekic kcfnddndfs o` udaoudtekic tjndfs. N` Mcrchnej jel snhpiy senl‚Nd tjc kcfnddndf, Fol„s worl oaaurrcl to hc„, wc wouil kc nd tjc lerb

ekout wjnaj kcfnddndf jc hcedt. Jowcvcr, wjcd Fcdcsns ns aoupicl to

tjc sancdac, dot to hcdtnod tjc òiiowndf tcxt o` Fcdcsns, nt scchs possnkictjet tjc eutjor ns spcebndf o` e kcfnddndf inbc dodc otjcr= Uueintetnvciy nt

ns supcrnor to eii otjcr udnvcrsei pcrnols, `nrst nd tnhc (sndac tnhc, es nt

rcietcs to tjns udnvcrsc et icest, jel must kcfud), e tjndf tjet fnvcs rnsc to

eii otjcr tjndfs (et icest `roh tjc juhed pcrspcatnvc). Nt ns tjc prndanpic




tjndf. Do aodùsnod ernscs `roh tjc òrh o` kcrcsjntj nd Fcdcsns 5=5

kcaeusc tjcrc erc do otjcr udnvcrsc koudl kcfnddndfs `roh wjnaj nt hust kc ln``crcdtnetcl. \jc odiy tjndf tjet wc dccl to lo ns nlcdtn`y tjc deturc

o` tjc tjndf tjet jes e `nrst pert, `roh wjnaj eii otjcr (pjysnaei) kcfnddndfs

ornfndetc.

\jc òrcfondf ndòrhetnod icels to tjc òiiowndf lc`ndntnod=

’Nd tjc kcfnddndf=‘ Nd tjc `nrst pert (o` sohctjndf)

N suffcst tjet tjc eutjor ndtcdlcl tjet wc suppiy tjc edswcr to tjc

okvnous qucstnod renscl ky tjc stetchcdt ’Nd tjc kcfnddndf…‘ \jcqucstnod ns= ’tjc kcfnddndf o` wjet?‘ \jet krndfs us keab to tjc sancdac,

tjc pjysnaei rceintncs lnsaovcrcl ky sancdtnsts. [ceinty rcvceis wjctjcr edy

o` tjns indc o` rcesodndf hebcs scdsc, or wjctjcr nt locsd„t. Inbc Fcorfc(nd ajeptcr 5), wc ’trevci‘ to tjc pcrnol/ pieac o` ’nd tjc kcfnddndf‘ nd

sceraj o` edswcrs. \jedbs to sancdac wc dow jevc cdoufj ndòrhetnod

`roh tjosc tnhcs to niiuhndetc sohc o` wjet ns truc edl èisc es nt rcietcsto Fcdcsns.

Nt wouild„t jurt to ioob keab et tjc sancdac scatnod o` tjc prcvnous

ajeptcr, edl tjcd ioob aercùiiy et @nfurc 5=5 ;a. \jc frepjna provnlcs esnhpic vnsuei udlcrstedlndf o` tjc vcry ceriy udnvcrsc (’Nd tjc

kcfnddndf?‘) `roh tjc vncwpondt o` tjc sancdac. \jcd, wntj rceinty nd odcjedl edl tjc `nrst worls o` tjc Knkic nd tjc otjcr, wc aed sdep tjc pncacs

tofctjcr.

5 Qnhpic ns tjc opcretnvc worl jcrc. O`tcd, nd sancdac, Oaaeh„s rezor ns ndvobcl to ajoosc kctwccd

aohpctndf nlces. Nt stetcs (e snhpin`ncl vcrsnod) tjet ‚tjc snhpicst edswcr ns prokekiy tjc aorrcatodc.„

; Qohc Knkinaei Jckrcw sajoiers suffcst tjet ndstcel o` ’Nd‘ tjc Jckrcw sjouil kc rcdlcrcl ’Et.‘Jowcvcr, N suffcst tjet sdep-sjots o` rceinty lcvciopcl `roh tjc sancdac aed niiuhndetc wjnaj o`tjc udacrtend possnknintncs tjet sajoiers suffcst ns eiso tjc odc tjet tjc Fcdcsns eutjor ndtcdlcl. Nwnii sjow tjet tjc aohpernsod rcvceis tjet ’Nd‘ lnrcatiy cdfefcs tjc sancdac. ’Et‘ aed eiso kc uscl

nd suaj e wey tjet nt rcìcats tjc sancdac, or nt hnfjt kc uscl nd otjcr, dod-aohpetnkic weys.

1 Qancdac jes spcauietcl tjet tjc udnvcrsc hey kc `ndntc, kut udkoudlcl. \jc mury ns stnii out odsuaj nlces, kut nd edy aesc tjcy lo dot e``cat our snhpic ioob et tjns sukmcat.

< \jc `nrst pondt o` udacrtendty ekout kcrcsjntj ns tjet tjc ornfndei iedfuefc tcxts lo dot scch tosupport ’tjc.‘ Host tredsietors jevc èvorcl ellndf nt òr tjc sebc o` udlcrstedlndf. Jowcvcr, nt

hey kcttcr kc tredsietcl ’Nd kcfnddndf…‘ eaaorlndf to sohc sajoiers. Ndtcrcstndfiy, tjns hey hcsjvcry wcii wntj sohc o` tjc sancdtn`na nlces essoanetcl wntj tjc vcry ceriy pert o` our udnvcrsc.




1<

3 ’Fioss‘ ns e worl tjet sajoiers o`tcd usc wjcrc tjc rcst o` us hnfjt usc ’lc`ndntnod‘ or’hcedndf.‘ Fiosscs eppcer nd icxnaods, òr cxehpic. \jcnr ndtcdt ns to fct us nd touaj wntj wjet tjc

wrntcr o` tjc worl wes tjndbndf wjcd jc wrotc nt. Nt ns e `ndc lnstndatnod tjet ells inttic to tjc wey

tjet ’hcedndf‘ edl ’lc`ndntnod‘ ns uscl jcrc.

0 Et tjns tnhc N eh cxaiulndf ’et tjc stert‘ (edotjcr proposcl tredsietnod òr kcrcsjntj) òr tjcrcesod tjet nt locs dot scch to cdfefc tjc sancdac es locs ’Nd tjc kcfnddndf…‘ Jowcvcr, tjns

ndtrnfundf possnkninty ioohs ierfc nd hy hndl= N suspcat tjet wjcd sancdac `ndls e wey to ’prokc‘wjetcvcr cxnstcl ’et tjc stert‘ o` our udnvcrsc, KO\J lc`ndntnods wnii kc rcicvedt to tjc arcetnod o`tjc jcevcds edl certj.

6 \jc aodstruat òrh o` e Jckrcw worl inhnts nts saopc edl, nd Cdfinsj, ns snfdeicl ky tjc trenindf

worl ’o`.‘ Cxehpic= ’\jc `nrst pert o` our udnvcrsc.‘ \jcrc hey kc hedy `nrst perts o` hedytjndfs, kut ’o` our udnvcrsc‘ inhnts nt to kcndf must odc. @rclcrna Aierbc Wutduh, WJL, jes helc

\owerl [celndf & Sdlcrstedlndf Knkinaei Jckrcw, aopyrnfjt ;770, eveniekic (et tjc tnhc o` tjns

wrntndf) es e `rcc lowdioel et @rclWutduh.orf. \jns hey provnlc tjc rcelcr wntj e intticndòrhetnod edl aorrokoretnod òr tjns pondt, es nt jes òr hc. Jowcvcr, tjc iofnaei toois nd uscjcrcnd odiy oaaesnodeiiy hebc nt dcacssery to bdow e inttic ekout Knkinaei Jckrcw frehher.

: Jcrc, tjc sehc pondt tjet N aeii tjc stert o` ]clcbnej„s rcnfd hey must es cesniy kc aeiicl tjc cdl o`tjc rcnfd o` tjc prcaclndf bndf, rcndòrandf tjc dotnod o` nt kcndf e dod-sukstedtnei pondt tjet aed„t

kc fottcd ndsnlc o`.

> Qohc sajoiers jevc puzzicl ovcr tjcsc worls, wodlcrndf jow ed cvcdt òur ycers lccp ndto jnsrcnfd aouil kc nd nts kcfnddndf. Vntjout tredsietnodei fyhdestnas nt aed kc n` ’kcfnddndf‘ nd tjnsndstedac ns udlcrstool es ’tjc `nrst pert.‘ Nd otjcr worls, ky lnvnlndf tjc rcnfd ndto two perts

(eaaorlndf to tjc tcxt o` Mcrchnej, ]clcbnej„s rcnfd iestcl ekout cicvcd ycers), tjc cvcdtshcdtnodcl wouil kc nd tjc kcfnddndf pert“or `nrst pert“(es opposcl to tjc ‚cdlndf pert„) o` jnsrcnfd.



Ajeptcr <=

Cqunveicdt edlAohpichcdtery

\jc aodacpt o` cqunveicdac ns nhportedt to sancdac. Nd tjc aesc o`Cndstcnd edl jns fcdcrei tjcory o` rcietnvnty, tjc ’cqunveicdac prndanpic‘

cxprcsscs tjc lccp rcietnodsjnp kctwccd frevnty edl eaacicretcl hotnod. Nd

sancdac espcats o` tjns prndanpic hey kc lchodstretcl ky tjc essoanetclhetjchetnas, kut òr us wjo erc dot ìucdt nd tjet iedfuefc, edeiofncs

su``nac. Nd e rcietcl wey N òaus od e dod-hetjchetnaei bndl o`cqunveicdac, wjcrc two aodacpts erc cqunveicdt wjcd tjcy erc sjowd to kc vnrtueiiy nlcdtnaei nd c``cat or ùdatnod.

5 \jns bndl o` cqunveicdac

aoddcats tjc nlces òudl nd Fcdcsns edl cxpiedetnods o` tjc sancdac `roh

wcii bdowd sancdtnsts.

Qo tjcd, wjcd sancdtnsts usc tjc worl kcfnddndf, ns nt cqunveicdt to’nd tjc kcfnddndf‘ es òudl nd Fcdcsns? \jc edswcr ns hostiy do. Nt ns truc

tjet sancdac uscs tjc worl. Qohc ehodf tjch hey cquetc tjc kcfnddndf

to ‚tjc stert o` tjc knf kedf.„ Otjcrs hey o``cr tjet tjc sndfuiernty ns tjc kcfnddndf, wjnic stnii otjcrs hey usc nt edotjcr wey. \jc ln``crcdt Cdfinsj

lc`ndntnods eiiow òr tjcsc vncwpondts. \jcsc erc icfntnhetc uscs o` tjc

Cdfinsj worl kcfnddndf.\jc Jckrcw worl òr kcfnddndf eiso jes sohc redfc nd nts

lc`ndntnod. Jowcvcr, es wc jevc sccd, tjc redfc o` possnkic lc`ndntnods ns

inhntcl ky tjc òrh o` tjc worl nd Fcdcsns 5=5. \jc Jckrcw worl nskcrcsjntj, (ND tjc kcfnddndf) edl aed kc lc`ndcl derrowiy. \jc rcei

qucstnod ns= ns tjc sancdac (tjc vcrn`nekic koly o` bdowiclfc o` tjc

pjysnaei woril tjet jes kccd lnsaovcrcl edl cxpiendcl ky sancdtnsts)

cqunveicdt to edy lc`ndntnod o` kcrcsjntj? Nd otjcr worls, locs tjc letefnvc rnsc to tjoufjts edl nlces aerrncl ky edy o` tjc hcedndfs essoanetcl

wntj tjc Jckrcw worl kcrcsjntj?

@nrst, kcrcsjntj (nd tjc kcfnddndf, nd tjc `nrst pert, or nd tjc ceriy

pcrnol), edl tjc sancdac hey rcprcscdt e ùdlehcdtei cqunveicday

tjet’tjc kcfnddndf‘ o` Fcdcsns 5=5 aed kc cqunveicdt to tjc ’vcry ceriy‘ pert

o` our udnvcrsc tjcy erc odc edl tjc sehc. @urtjcrhorc, ’Nd tjc

kcfnddndf…‘ aed kc tjc cqunveicdt o` ’ndsnlc tjc vcry ceriy udnvcrsc.‘Qo èr es tjns focs, so fool. Cvcd so, horc ndòrhetnod ns




10

dcacssery. \jns worl (kcrcsjntj) ns chkcllcl nd e scdtcdac, tjc worls o`

wjnaj rcprcscdt spcan`na cvcdts es jeppcdndf ’nd tjc kcfnddndf.‘ ’Nd tjc kcfnddndf Fol arcetcl tjc jcevcd edl tjc certj,‘ nt seys. \jc aienhs helc

nd tjns scdtcdac hust kc cqunveicdt to tjc sancdac (ndsoèr es aurrcdt

sancdac ns ekic to ellrcss nt;), or dodc o` nt ns. @or cxehpic= n`, `roh tjc

sancdac, arcetnod (Jckrcw= kere) aed„t kc sjowd to jevc jeppcdcl lurndftjc pcrnol o` tjc vcry ceriy udnvcrsc tjcd do cqunveicdac jes kccd

cstekinsjcl. Qo, òr dow, N pondt out e possnkic cqunveicdt rcietnodsjnp tjet

wnii kc supportcl or lckudbcl es wc fo eiodf.

@nfurc 5=5-<

@nfurc 5=5-< portreys tjns possnkic cqunveicdac. Ellntnodeiiy, nt puts nt nd tjc aodtcxt o` rceinty, or et icest possnkic rceintncs es lnsaioscl ky

sancdtnsts wjo wrntc òr tjc pukina et ierfc. Wicesc dotc tjet tjc luretnod o`

tjc vcry ceriy udnvcrsc ns ndarclnkiy krnc`. Ellntnodeiiy, lo dot ict tjc snzco` tjcsc frepjnas òoi you. @roh stert to cdl, tjc pcrnol iekcicl ’tjc vcry

ceriy udnvcrsc„‘ wes vcry sheii. Cvcd so, nd nt hedy ndarclnkic cvcdts

jeppcdcl.

Kut tjcrc ns horc. Kcsnlcs esscrtndf ed cqunveicdt deturc òr tjc

sancdac edl Fcdcsns, N wnii eiso hebc e aesc tjet tjcy erc aohpichcdtery.

Aohpichcdtery= tjc sancdac to Fcdcsns

\o ed outsnlcr Jckrcw frehher scchs to kc e horess o` ruics edl

rcfuietnods òr persndf worls nd hndutc weys. \jns aouil arcetc nd us e




hyopna outioob aodacrdcl wntj tjc sheii frends o` sedl retjcr tjed tjc knf

pnaturc o` tjc kceaj. Ns tjcrc e knf pnaturc tjet wc sjouil ioob et wjcd ntaohcs to kcrcsjntj es uscl nd Fcdcsns edl Mcrchnej (prcvnous ajeptcr)?

Vjet ns tjc ln``crcdac kctwccd Fcdcsns 5=5 edl tjosc òur vcrscs

nd Mcrchnej? Nt ns tjns= Fcdcsns locs dot nlcdtn`y e tjndf tjet jes e `nrst

pert. Mcrchnej locs. \jc frehhetnaei ln``crcdac kctwccd tjch acdtcrs odtjet èat. Locs tjns ln``crcdac rcqunrc us to lnsaoudt edy aoddcatnod

kctwccd kcrcsjntj nd Fcdcsns edl Mcrchnej? Cerincr pefcs jevc lcvciopcl

ndòrhetnod tjet edswcrs ’Do.‘ Ellntnodeiiy, e `cw pefcs keab N esbcl tjcqucstnod= Hnfjt tjcrc kc sohc rcesod wjy tjc eutjor o` Fcdcsns ajosc to

ndtcdtnodeiiy ohnt tjc ’sohctjndf‘ tjet jel e kcfnddndf? Qupposc, òr

ndstedac, tjet tjc eutjor ndtcdlcl tjet tjc rcelcr sjouil lnsaovcr tjc tjndftjet jel e `nrst pert? Vjet purposc wouil tjns scrvc?

E tjoufjt cxpcrnhcdt

\jns cxpcrnhcdt rcqunrcs tjet odc rcìcat od tjc òiiowndf

qucstnods= N` tjcrc cxnsts e Fol wjo arcetcs, edl jc arcetcl hcd edlwohcd wntj tjc aepeanty to okscrvc edl to icerd“wjet ndòrhetnod hnfjt

wc cxpcat jnh to rcvcei to tjch? Lo you supposc tjet jc wouil lowdioel

ndto tjcnr krends eii bdowiclfc o` cvcrytjndf?

Aodsnlcr tjns= Locs e fool ètjcr suppiy tjc edswcrs to cvcryhystcry jns ajnilrcd hey cdaoudtcr? Or hnfjt jc suppiy tjch tjc toois ky

wjnaj tjcy aed icerd o` tjch? Wcrjeps jc hnfjt pondt out hystcrncs tjet

jc wedts tjch to cxpiorc. Jc hnfjt cvcd kunil e `rehcworb o` tjoufjtndto wjnaj jns ajnilrcd hnfjt iofnaeiiy `nt tjc edswcrs tjet tjcy lnsaovcr.

Kut e fool ètjcr locs dot rok tjch o` tjc moy o` lnsaovcry or tjc

ndtciicatuei frowtj tjet nt aed eaaohpinsj.

E`tcr rcìcatndf od tjc nlces tjet tjns indc o` rcesodndf suffcsts, N proposc tjet wc elopt tjc òiiowndf proposntnods edl tjcd tcst tjcnr `nt to

tjc tcxt o` Fcdcsns edl pjysnaei rceinty=

Fol helc, ky hceds o` snhpic worls o` juhed

iedfuefc, e kerc-kodcs `rehcworb òr bdowiclfc

tjet juheds aouil lnsaovcr. Kut jc ajosc dot to

lnvuifc cvcrytjndf jc bdows“ajoosndf to ohnt

ndòrhetnod tjet tjcy aouil suppiy ky hceds o` tjcnr

owd c`òrts“tjcrcky setns`yndf tjcnr dccl to cxpiorc

edl frow ndtciicatueiiy.

Locs tjns `nt Fcdcsns 5=5, edl òr tjet hettcr, tjc wjoic o` tjcFcdcsns eaaoudt o` ornfnds? N suffcst tjet tjc rcelcr cdtcrtend tjc

possnkninty tjet nt locs edl tjet tjns aodacpt hnfjt suppiy e rcesod òr kotjtjc ndòrhetnod edl nts heddcr o` prcscdtetnod nd Fcdcsns. N suffcst tjet

tjc ndòrhetnod ns 5) cqunveicdt, edl ;) aohpichcdtery to tjc lnsaovcrncs




1:

juheds hebc ekout tjc jnstory o` our udnvcrsc es nt rcietcs to ornfnds.

Nd sancdac tjc nlce o` cqunveicdac jes provcl to kc e powcrùicxpiedetory tooi“so too jes tjc nlce tjet odc pncac o` ndòrhetnod aed

aohpichcdt edotjcr.

Nd 5>;6 Dncis Kojr elvedacl tjc Wrndanpic o` Aohpichcdternty,

rcietndf nt to tjc quedtuh pjysnas prokich o` wevc-pertnaic lueinty. Jcsuffcstcl tjet odc vncw (or ed cxpcrnhcdt pcròrhcl odc wey) wouil

rcvcei lete essoanetcl wntj pertnaics, edl edotjcr bndl o` cxpcrnhcdt

wouil rcvcei lete essoanetcl wntj e wevc. Eitjoufj ln``crcdt, kotj ercdcacssery òr e aohpictc udlcrstedlndf o` tjc sndfic pjcdohcdod.

Qohc o` tjc aodacpts edl nlces nd tjc sancdac scch nrrcicvedt to

tjosc tjet erc prcscdtcl nd Fcdcsns, must es rcsuits o` sohc sancdtn`naokscrvetnods edl cxpcrnhcdts upod tjc sehc pjysnaei pjcdohcde scch to

kc hutueiiy cxaiusnvc. Jow aed e pertnaic kc e wevc edl e wevc kc e

pertnaic? \jc prndanpic o` aohpichcdternty ns wjet udn`ncs tjcsc eppercdt

ln``crcdacs nd tjc sancdac. Nt„s e èday wey o` seyndf tjet ceaj vncw

aohpichcdts tjc otjcr. Edl, es N lcvciop cvnlcdac `roh tjc sancdac edltjc worls o` Fcdcsns, tjns prndanpic wnii eiso udn`y tjc eppercdtiy

udrcietcl vncws nd tjc sancdac edl Fcdcsns, sjowndf tjet eii o` tjcndòrhetnod `roh kotj souracs ns dcacssery òr e aohpictc udlcrstedlndf

o` ornfnds. Edl tjc rcherbekic tjndf ns tjet tjc aohpichcdtery

ndòrhetnod nd Fcdcsns wes aohhnttcl to wrntndf e vcry iodf tnhc efo,iodf kcòrc holcrd sancdac aehc od tjc sacdc!

Fcdcsns 5=5 edl rcacdt lnsaovcrncs ky sancdac suppiy tjc `nrst

cxehpics o` tjns tjndf aeiicl ’aohpichcdternty.‘ \jc `nrst odc ns tjcaurnous frehhetnaei struaturc o` tjc `nrst pjresc= ’Nd tjc kcfnddndf…‘

\jns kcfs tjc qucstnod= ’nd tjc kcfnddndf o` VJE\?‘ \jc struaturc o` tjnsworl nd tjns vcrsc hnfjt kc sccd es e joob, lrewndf our ettcdtnod to e

purposcùi vonl nd dccl o` `niindf. Qancdac, e powcrùi `rehcworb òr

udlcrstedlndf tjc pjysnaei rceintncs o` our udnvcrsc, `niis tjc vonl, so tjet

Fcdcsns 5=5 hnfjt kc cxpiendcl“od tjc kesns o` lnsaovcrcl rceintncs“esòiiows=

Nd tjc worls o` Fcdcsns= ’ Nd tjc kcfnddndf Fol arcetcl.‘

Nd worls `roh tjc sancdac= 5), ’RNd tjc `nrst pcrnol o` our

udnvcrscX Fol arcetcl,‘ edl/or ;) ’RNd tjc `nrst pert o` our udnvcrscX Folarcetcl.‘

Aohpichcdtery= Fcdcsns to tjc sancdac\jcrc ns edotjcr kesns òr aohpichcdternty= Hnfjt e arcetor/ Fol

suppiy ndòrhetnod tjet jns ajnilrcd aouil dot icerd ky hceds o` tjcnr owd

c`òrts? Hnfjt jc, nd elvedac o` sancdtn`na lnsaovcry, `nii nd tjc vonls tjet

aed„t kc `niicl ky pjysnaei sancdac? Qancdac seys tjet ’Fol‘ aed„t kc cntjcr




<7

; Qancdac ns vcry aicer tjet nt aed odiy spceb to pjysnaei pjcdohcde“n` tjcrc ns sohctjndf dot pjysnaei, nt aed„t provc or lnsprovc nts cxnstcdac. \jc Knkinaei aodacpt o` ’Fol‘ `eiis ndto tjns

aetcfory, sndac tjc Knkic seys jc ns dot pjysnaei, kut e spnrnt. Jowcvcr, es N wnii lcvciop nt, sancdac

jes horc to sey ekout tjns sukmcat tjed hey kc ndntneiiy eppercdt.



Eppcdlnx

Eppcdlnx E= Eitcrdetc ndtroluatnod to tjns koob

Vjcd N wes must e koy, hy ètjcr wouil sohctnhcs aohc ndto hyrooh kcòrc N wcdt to siccp edl rcel e story to hc `roh \jc Joiy Knkic.

\jc `nrst odc tjet N aed rchchkcr wes ekout e youdf sjcpjcrl koy tjet

wes vnsntndf tjc kettic indcs o` e steiicl wer. Jc wes e Fol-`cerndf youdfhed wjosc cxpcrncdacs es e sjcpjcrl aodvndacl jnh tjet jns Fol aouil

sevc jns pcopic do hettcr wjet. \jcrcòrc, wjcd jc ioobcl ndto tjc cycso` tjc soilncrs o` Nsreci, wjet jc sew sjoabcl jnh. Jc sew `cer.

\jc sourac o` tjc `cer wes e hed o` udusuei snzc. Cvcry ley tjns

fnedt wouil fo out ndto tjc do-hed„s iedl kctwccd tjc kettic indcs edlteudt tjc werrnors od tjc otjcr snlc, lchedlndf e ajehpnod `roh tjch.

Foinetj senl tjet n` tjc ajeiicdfcr lc`cetcl jnh, jns detnod wouil kcaohc

sievcs to tjc Nsrecintcs2 kut n` jc wod, eii Nsreci wouil kcaohc sievcs to jns pcopic, tjc Wjninstndcs.

\jcrc wcrc do tebcrs cxacpt òr odc= tjc sjcpjcrl koy Levnl.

@or tjc tnhcs, Foinetj wes jcevniy erhorcl. Edyodc ndtcdt od

`nfjtndf jnh wouil surciy dccl sohc kettic erhor o` jns owd. Jowcvcr,Levnl rcmcatcl tjc erhor o``crcl ky jns bndf nd èvor o` wjet jc bdcw

kcst= e snhpic sindf edl èntj tjet jns Fol wouil fnvc jnh tjc vnatory. \jc

ehhudntnod òr e sindf wes e stodc, prc`crekiy shootj so tjet nt wouil ìystrenfjt. Od jns wey to hcct Foinetj, Levnl pnabcl tjc `nvc shootjcst

stodcs `roh e ’kroob,‘ inbciy e scesodeiiy lry arccb kcl 5. Odc o` tjcsc

shootj stodcs òudl nts herb, strnbndf Foinetj nd tjc jcel so tjet jc `cii.\jcrce`tcr, Levnl elhndnstcrcl tjc aoup lc freac wntj Foinetj„s owd

sworl.

Foinetj

N kcincvc tjet n` Levnl wcrc einvc toley jc wouil `ndl edotjcr fnedtnd dccl o` jns ettcdtnod. Qancdac jes, et hndl-duhkndf spccl, lnsaovcrcl

pjysnaei rceintncs kcyodl hedbndl„s wnilcst nhefndndfs. Aoshoiofy,




<;

estropjysnas, pertnaic pjysnas, edl ajchnstry cluaetc us ekout tjc

proacsscs edl jnstory o` tjc jcevcds edl tjc certj. Ajchnstry edl knoiofy,edl e jost o` rcietcl lnsanpindcs cdinfjtcd us ekout tjc certj„s rnaj

cdvnrodhcdt o` in`c. Aiessnaei pjysnas hebcs ierfc-saeic nhpossnknintncs

loekic. \jc pjysnas o` spcanei edl fcdcrei rcietnvnty in`ts e vcni o` scarcay

tjet rcvceis ed udcxjeustcl suppiy o` dcw aoshna pjcdohcde. Qancdacslcpcdlcdt upod tjcrholydehnas aodtnduc to cxpiend proacsscs rcietcl to

cdcrfy cxajedfcs nd tjc òrh o` jcet edl worb edl tjc ndcxorekic ìow o`

cdcrfy tjroufj tjc aodacpt o` cdtropy. Edl tjcd tjcrc ns quedtuhhcajednas. Uuedtuh hcajednas ns ehezndf!

Our woril ns e èr ln``crcdt pieac tjed nt wouil otjcrwnsc jevc

kccd wntjout tjc ehezndf bdowiclfc lnsaovcrcl ky sancdac. Nd sohcweys, tjns ns e fool tjndf. Nd otjcr weys, nt ns kel. Kut, wjetcvcr tjc

keiedac ns kctwccd tjc posntnvc edl dcfetnvc aodtrnkutnods o` sancdac, tjns

huaj ns aicer= sancdac jes fnvcd knrtj to e kcinc` systch tjet jes frowd

`roh e dndcty-poudl wcebindf ndto e dndc judlrcl poudl forniie. \jc

cxtrchc snzc edl strcdftj o` tjns fnedt ns dot pjysnaei, nt ns hcdtei. Edl must es e ierfc hed hey kuiiy e sheiicr odc, tjc jnfjiy cluaetcl jevc kccd

bdowd to tjrow tjcnr wcnfjt eroudl. Kut must es hnfjt ns dot eiweys rnfjt,dcntjcr ns krnfjt.

Qohc ndlnvnlueis wntjnd tjc sancdtn`na aohhudnty wouil dcvcr eat

inbc e kuiiy. Kut hedy lo, edl tjcy erc vcry voaei. Nd pertnauier, tjcy ercdot pessnvc nd tjcnr opposntnod to tjc nlce o` e arcetor/Fol, edl vcrkeiiy

ekusc edyodc òoinsj cdoufj to opposc tjch. \jet tjns ns e ènr esscsshcdt

ns aod`nrhcl ky ed cxehndetnod o` tjc sancdac scatnod nd tjc ioaei koobstorc. Nt rcvceis koobs tjet redfc `roh lnshnssnvc to lowdrnfjt

edtefodnstna towerl edy dotnod o` e arcetor/Fol. \jcnr kcinc` ndtjchscivcs, edl tjc strcdftj o` tjc `rehcworb o` iofna edl rcesod tjet

tjcy jevc èkrnaetcl ovcr tjc acdturncs, aohcs tjroufj ioul edl aicer. Nt

sohctnhcs hedn`csts ntsci` es e bndl o` teudt= ’Vc„rc shertcr tjed you. N`

you pcrsnst nd tjns Fol tjndf wc„ii kcet you ndto tjc froudl wntj oursupcrnor ndtciicat.‘

Dowjcrc ns tjc teudtndf o` sndacrciy rcvcrcdt pcopic horc eppercdt

tjed od tjc Ndtcrdct. Qntcs ekoudl tjet o``cr òruhs teniorcl to tjcstrcdftjs o` cvoiutnodnsts kcdt od kcetndf lowd edyodc òoinsj cdoufj to

hcct tjch od tjcnr owd tcrhs. \jcy sey, ‚\jcrc ns do horc rooh òr

lcketc. Cvoiutnod ns eaacptcl es e èat ky sancdac, edl tjcrc ns do cvnlcdacnd nt tjet e fol arcetcl edytjndf et eii.„

Qohc hnfjt sey tjet N cxeffcretc“sancdtnsts cxnst òr tjc sebc o`

tjc sancdac, tjcy lod„t teudt pcopic. \rutj ns tjc tjndf tjcy sccb, òrtrutj„s sebc. Edl you hnfjt `cci tjet hy pcracptnod ns tendtcl kcaeusc hy

kcinc`s erc udlcr etteab. Nt ns possnkic tjet tjc iettcr ns truc, kut tjc òrhcr

ns acrtendiy dot eiweys tjc aesc.

Cvcd wjcd e sancdtnst locs dot elopt ed ’nd your èac‘ epproeaj,



Eppcdlnx <1

tjc ndtcdt hey kc tjc sehc= ‚tjcrc ns do rcesod to kcincvc nd e arcetor.„

Nseea Esnhov, nd jns koob Nd tjc Kcfnddndf…; ettchpts to aohperc tjc

`nrst pert o` Fcdcsns to sancdac, dotndf pondts o` efrcchcdt edl

lnsefrcchcdt. Sdòrtudetciy, jc locs dot aohperc tjc worls o` Fcdcsns to

sancdac. Jc aohpercs trelntnodei tjcoiofy„s opndnods (edl jns owd) to tjc

sancdac. \jns supcr`nanei epproeaj ky ed elhnttcliy shert hed icdls ntsci`to ’Foinetj„s‘ efcdle.

Weui Levncs, e pjysnanst edl aoshoiofnst o` sohc dotc wrotc tjc

òiiowndf nd Aoshna Meabpot 1=

’Hedy sancdtnsts wjo erc struffindf to aodstruat e ùiiyaohprcjcdsnvc tjcory o` tjc pjysnaei udnvcrsc opcdiy elhnt tjet

pert o` tjc hotnvetnod ns to `ndeiiy fct rnl o` Fol… Pnatory ns

essuhcl to kc tjc ndcvntekic outaohc o` sancdac„s ndtciicatueiesacdleday edl powcrùi hctjoloiofy.‘ (Sdlcrsaorc hndc)

Levncs eiso dotcl tjet nd cvcry aodìnat kctwccd rcinfnod edl

sancdtn`na cxpiedetnods rcinfnod eiweys iost. Edl jc ns rnfjt. Odc ky odc,

cvcry rcinfnous cxpiedetnod o` tjc `nrst two ajeptcrs o` Fcdcsns jes kccdsjowd to kc out o` stcp wntj pjysnaei rceinty edl tjcrcòrc èisc (n` odc

kcincvcs Fcdcsns portreys pjysnaei eatnvntncs), protcsts to tjc aodtrery

dotwntjstedlndf. Aodscqucdtiy, truc kcincvcrs, et icest tjosc wjoudlcrstedl tjcnr lnichhe, `ndl tjchscivcs et e lnselvedtefc. \jcy jcer

tjc teudts, tjcy cxpcrncdac tjc etteabs, edl tjcy wedt to rcspodl. Kut to

host, nt ns aicer tjet tjcy erc nii cqunppcl to hcct tjns holcrd-ley Foinetj

od jns owd froudl. \jcy rcaofdnzc tjet tjcnr trelntnodei kcinc`s erc dohetaj òr tjc tceajndfs o` sancdac.

Kut to suaj odcs N sey, n` wc erc to cdfefc tjns dcw Foinetj, wchust lo nt inbc Levnl lnl.

N jevc tnticl tjns koob nd jodor o` tjc koy tjet jel tjc aourefc edl

èntj tjet jns aohpetrnots lnl dot. N kcincvc tjet n` jc wcrc einvc dow,dotjndf aouil stop jnh `roh pnabndf up tjc feudtict tjrowd lowd ky

sancdac. Kut sndac jc ns dot jcrc, edl sndac e dcw Foinetj ns, nt scchs wnsc

to ioob et jow Levnl prcvenicl nd tjet cpna kettic. Hnfjt sohcodc uscudaodvcdtnodei, dod-trelntnodei teatnas to edy c``cat? Aouil odc chpioy

tjc hctjols o` e sjcpjcrl koy tjet provcl c``catnvc so iodf efo? N kcincvc

so.

E stretcfy

Eaaorlndf to 5 Qehuci ajeptcr 56, Levnl rcùscl tjc trelntnodeiwcepods edl erhor o` tjosc tnhcs nd èvor o` wjet jc bdcw= do protcatnvc

erhor, edl e wcepod tjet tjc Wjninstndc fnedt wes surc to lcspnsc, tjc sindf.

Ves jc must e aoaby youdf bnl? Dot rceiiy. Es jc rcpcetcliy senl, jc

trustcl tjet jns Fol wouil fnvc jnh tjc vnatory.\jc sindf wes dot e dcw wcepod. Levnl lnl dot ndvcdt nt, kut jc




<<

wes ekout to lchodstretc to Foinetj jow ictjei nt aouil kc. Nt wes e snhpic

wcepod. Eihost edyodc aouil hebc odc edl icerd jow to usc nt. Edl n`tjc pcrsod jel picdty o` tnhc to preatnac (es e sjcpjcrl hust jevc jel)

edl picdty o` ehhudntnod (tjc stodcs o` tjc `ncil) odc hnfjt kcaohc

cxpcrt nd nts usc.

\jcsc two `ceturcs o` Levnl„s stretcfy lrnvc hy ettchpt to put edcdl to tjc folicss/arcetoricss pjniosopjy pusjcl ky sancdac. Ovcr tnhc, N

jevc icerdcl to lccpiy rcspcat tjet youdf hed, edl jns rcherbekic

epproeaj to tjc prokich o` Foinetj. \o tjc cxtcdt tjet nt„s possnkic (N ehdo Levnl), N ndtcdl to usc jns hctjols. Must es Levnl trustcl jns Fol

aohpictciy, so lo N. N„vc aohc to trust nhpinantiy tjc snhpic worls o` hy

Fol tjet erc òudl nd Fcdcsns ajeptcrs 5 edl ;. Edl must es Levnl rcmcatcltjc wcepods edl erhor nd usc tjcd, N too rcmcat tjc wcepods tjet hy

aodtchporerncs wouil usc efendst tjns dcw Foinetj<.

Ndstcel, N pnab up tjc worls o` hy Fol `nrst, `roh e pieac

tjcoiofneds wouil sey jes kccd ùiiy edl aohpictciy cxpiorcl edl wjnaj

sancdtnsts hnfjt sey ns inbc e torrcdt veiicy nd tjc suhhcr“nt jes iodfsndac lrncl up. N, wntj tjc worls o` Fcdcsns edl ky iofnaei hceds, sccb to

strnbc tjc fnedt wjcrc jc invcs, kctwccd tjc cycs, jns scet o` ndtciicat. Ndèat, tjcrc erc `nvc worls tjet erc shootj edl wntjout lc`cat wjcd tjcy erc

ovcrienl upod tjc sancdac. \jc nhpinaetnods ietcdt nd tjc worls erc

studdndf, edl odc o` tjch wnii `ndl nts herb nd e studdndf wey.

Qancdtnsh

@or aiernty, nt kcaohcs dcacssery to lnstndfunsj kctwccd tjc

pjysnaei rceintncs lnsaovcrcl ky sancdac, tjc hctjols o` sancdac, tjc

ndstntutnods o` sancdac, edl tjc folicss nd`crcdacs tjet hedy lcrnvc `roh

tjch. \jns ns dcacssery kcaeusc ’sancdac‘ ns o`tcd uscl es e iekci òr tjcheii, cvcd tjoufj tjc ln``crcdacs kctwccd tjch erc dot sheii.

Jcrce`tcr, nd tjns koob, ’sancdac‘ aerrncs two hcedndfs. Ceaj aed kc nlcdtn`ncl ky tjc aodtcxt. \jc `nrst rc`crs to tjc ndstntutnod o` sancdac

tjet sccbs to cxpiend pjysnaei pjcdohcde udlcr tjc uhkrciie o` tjc

sancdtn`na hctjol. Eitcrdetnvciy, tjc worl ’sancdac‘ rc`crs to tjc hceds

edl hctjols chpioycl ky sancdtnsts to icerd ekout tjc pjysnaei woril,spcan`naeiiy tjc sancdtn`na hctjol.

’\jc sancdac‘ wnii rc`cr to tjc koly o` vcrn`nekic bdowiclfc o` tjc

pjysnaei woril tjet jes kccd lnsaovcrcl ky sancdtnsts. \jns ndaiulcs tnhc-tcstcl sancdtn`na tjcorncs tjet tcii us jow tjndfs worb, edl sohc otjcr (icss

acrtend) tjcorncs nd profrcss.

\o ln``crcdtnetc kctwccd tjc sancdac edl tjc edtn-arcetor

esscrtnods helc ky sancdtnsts, (es ndlnvnlueis edl es ed ndstntutnod) N wnii

usc tjc worl sancdtnsh. Vjet ns sancdtnsh? Hnajeci Qjcrhcr, nd Qancdtn`na

Ehcrnaed, Hey 51, ;77; (\jc Qjeheds o` Qancdtnsh) uscl tjc lc`ndntnod

tjet ns vcry snhnier to tjc odc nd piey jcrc= Qancdtnsh 8 ’sancdac‘ +



Eppcdlnx <3

’lctcrhndnsh.‘ Lctcrhndnsh ns tjc kcinc` tjet deturei proacsscs aed

cxpiend eii tjndfs wntjout rcaoursc to supcrdeturei cxpiedetnods. Qnhnieriy,N usc tjc worl sancdtnsh es e iekci òr tjc kcinc` systch pcauiner to

sancdtnsts nd fcdcrei tjet= 5) tjc sancdac sjows tjet tjcrc ns do CPNLCDAC

o` e arcetor/ Fol, or, nts strodfcr òrh ;) tjc sancdac seys tjcrc ns DO

arcetor/ Fol.\jns lnstndatnod ns nhportedt kcaeusc nt ns dot hy ndtcdtnod to hebc

Foinetj edeiofous to tjc sancdac. Foinetj aorrcspodls to sancdtnsh. Levnl

wouil `nfjt sancdtnsh to tjc lcetj, dot tjc vcrn`nekic bdowiclfc o`sancdac.

Od tjc otjcr jedl, tjc sancdac ns inbc tjc sworl nd Foinetj„s jedl.

Ky tjc strcdftj o` sancdac„s hctjols edl ndtciicat, tjcy jevc lc`cetcl eiiaohcrs, wncilndf tjc èats o` tjc sancdac wntj lceliy c``cat, inbc tjc sworl

nd e fnedt„s jedls. Qancdtnsh„s suaacss chkoilcds tjch nd tjcnr qucst to

’…fct rnl o` Fol.‘

\jc iofnaei petj òiiowcl nd tjns koob rcqunrcs tjc òiiowndf

essuhptnod= Nt ns essuhcl tjet tjc sancdac (tjc koly o` lete lcrnvcl `rohokscrvetnod edl cxpcrnhcdt edl tjc wnlciy eaacptcl tjcorncs kescl upod

nt) ns fcdcreiiy aorrcat. Nd otjcr worls, N, eaacpt tjc èat tjet tjcrc nsdotjndf kcttcr tjed sancdac òr udlcrstedlndf pjysnaei rceinty. Levnl senl

o` Foinetj„s sworl, ’\jcrc ns dodc inbc nt…‘ (5 Qehuci ;5=>). Inbcwnsc,

tjcrc ns dotjndf kcttcr tjed tjc sancdac òr posntnvciy cdlndf tjc errofedtedl Folicss kcinc`s pusjcl ky sancdtnsh.

Ln``crcdt pcopic wnii jevc ln``crcdt vncws o` tjc ekovc

essuhptnod. Qancdac, o` aoursc, locs dot dccl to hebc tjns essuhptnod.\jcy kcincvc nt to kc truc. \jcy jevc kccd trendcl nd tjc hctjols tjet

proluacl tjc tjcorncs edl jevc e hcesurc o` aod`nlcdac nd tjc iofna edl proo`s tjet udlcrpnd tjch. \jcy udlcrstedl tjc hetj. \jcy jevc eaacss to

tjc sancdtn`na intcreturc, nd wjnaj nlces erc prcscdtcl edl sn`tcl. \jcy jevc

tjc tnhc to icerd ekout tjch.

Jowcvcr, orlndery pcopic inbc tjc rcst o` us lo dot jevc tjc tnhcto icerd tjcsc tjndfs“wc lod„t cvcd udlcrstedl tjc snhpicr hetjchetnaei

proo`s. Es e preatnaei hettcr, wc jevc inttic or do eaacss to tjc sancdtn`na

intcreturc. \jc sancdtn`na aohhudnty ns, òr eii ndtcdts edl purposcs, inbc edcxaiusnvc aoudtry aiuk, vnrtueiiy aioscl to tjc udwesjcl. Vc lcpcdl upod

wjetcvcr tjcy erc wniindf to tcii us, edl wc lod„t jevc tjc hceds to vcrn`y

nt. Kcaeusc wc lod„t udlcrstedl tjc sancdac, wc hey hnstrust edl rcsnsttjosc wc aeii ’sancdtnsts.‘ \jcrcòrc, eaacptndf tjc ekovc essuhptnod,

cvcd òr tjc purposc o` erfuhcdt, scchs e icep o` èntj tjet wc erc ioetjc

to tebc.Ns tjcrc edy wey tjet wc aed fct et icest sohc lnstedac pest our

hnsfnvndfs? ^cs, tjcrc ns e wey tjet wc aed kcaohc horc aod`nlcdt nd tjc

sancdac. \jcrc ns edotjcr evcduc o` proo` tjet tjc evcrefc pcrsod aed

eaacss= ’tjc proo` ns nd tjc pullnd„.‘




<0

\jc proluat o` sancdac ns dot must tjc dckuious petj o` iofna

purportndf to cxpiend ornfnds tjet erc sjroulcl nd tjc hnsts o` tnhc edlsancdtn`na indfo. \jc host nhportedt trnuhpjs o` sancdac erc tjcorncs tjet

cxpiend jow tjndfs nd our udnvcrsc worb. \jcorncs rcietcl to

cicatrohefdctnsh erc aescs nd pondt. Cicatrohefdctna tjcory ns `nrhiy

kescl upod cxpcrnhcdts edl okscrvetnods speddndf hedy acdturncs edlfcdcretnods o` sancdtnsts. Eii tjc tcajdoiofncs juheds usc to hebc

aohputcrs (edl hedy otjcr jnfj-tcaj lcvnacs) wouil kc nhpossnkic

wntjout e aicer udlcrstedlndf o` cicatrohefdctna tjcory. Vntjout tjns bndlo` tjcory, wc wouil kc invndf nd e prc-ndlustrnei woril wntjout host o`

wjet wc dow tebc òr fredtcl.

@roh tjns pcrspcatnvc, wc aed jevc e acrtend ehoudt o` trust tjettjns bndl o` sancdtn`na tjcory ns dot shobc edl hnrrors. \jc proo` ns nd tjc

proluats tjet erc kescl upod tjc sancdac. Vjcd you aredb tjc aer edl

lrnvc lowd tjc roel, wjcd you aross ovcr e krnlfc jnfj ekovc tjc froudl,

wjcd you koerl e piedc edl ìy tjnrty tjousedl `cct nd tjc enr, you erc dot

must cxprcssndf your èntj nd tjc aer, krnlfc, or piedc“you erc cxprcssndfyour èntj nd wjet udlcrincs tjch, tjc sancdtn`na tjcorncs upod wjnaj tjcnr

èkrnaetnod lcpcdls. Kcaeusc tjc proluats o` tjc tjcorncs worb (edl you kct your in`c tjet tjcy lo), you sjouil kc wniindf to eaacpt tjet tjc

aorrcspodlndf tjcorncs o` sancdac erc veinl.

Qancdac jes lcvnscl otjcr tjcorncs tjet rcietc to aoshna ornfnds.\jcy erc tjc profcdy o` tjc sehc wcii-lc`ndcl edl kroeliy eaacptcl

sancdtn`na tjcorncs fnvndf knrtj to holcrd tcajdoiofy. \jcy sprndf `roh

tjc sehc ndstntutnods. \jc hctjols tjcy usc to lcvciop ornfnd tjcorncs erctjc sehc.

\jns ns dot proo` posntnvc, o` aoursc. Kut nt ns suffcstnvc, edl nt nsod tjns kesns tjet N esb you to essuhc òr dow, òr erfuhcdt„s sebc, tjet

tjc tjcorncs o` sancdac erc nd sohc weys aorrcat, kut sukmcat to rc`ndchcdt.

Ky tjc cdl o` tjc scaodl ajeptcr, N kcincvc you wnii scc tjc veiuc nd tjns

epproeaj.

@or tjc sndacrciy rcvcrcdt ehodf you=

@or tjc lcvoutiy rcinfnous ehodf you, n` you erc inbc hc, e rcietcljurlic ioohs, edl nt ns e knf odc. Eloptndf tjc ekovc essuhptnod hnfjt

scch to kc ed ekedlodhcdt o` your kcinc`s ekout Fol. Et `nrst, N tjoufjt

so too. Hedy ycers efo, N too jel vcry aiceriy lc`ndcl nlces ekout jow tjc`nrst two ajeptcrs o` Fcdcsns sjouil kc cxpiendcl, edl N lnl dot cdtcrtend

otjcrs. Kut kcndf udeitcrekiy aioscl to otjcr nlces edl possnknintncs ns e

jufc inekninty2 kcaeusc do hettcr jow acrtend you erc, you hnfjt kcwrodf. N suffcst, kescl upod hy owd cxpcrncdac, tjet you elhnt tjns èat.

ôu wnii `ndl tjet, ndstcel o` kcaohndf etjcnstna or efdostna, Fol edl tjc

wey jc worbs wnii frow to kc cvcd horc o` e rceinty to you. Lod„t fct hc

wrodf. N eh dot seyndf tjet suaj e icep ns cesy. N eh seyndf nt ns dcacssery



Eppcdlnx <6

n` you erc to wrep your hndl eroudl tjc powcrùi nlces chkcllcl nd tjc

`nrst worls o` tjc Knkic.Nd hy owd aesc, cvcd tjoufj hy kcinc`s aodtrelnatcl tjc sancdac et

cvcry turd, tjcrc wes tjns frowndf `ccindf nd hc tjet n` Fcdcsns wes, nd

èat, e trutjùi eaaoudt o` ornfnds, tjcrc hust kc sohc wey o` hetajndf nts

worls to bdowd pjysnaei rceintncs. Vjcd tjns nlce heturcl, N sct ekouticerdndf eii tjet N aouil ekout tjc aoshos, wjnaj ndcvntekiy icl hc to

sohc o` tjc èdtestna lnsaovcrncs helc ky sancdac.

Aodaurrcdtiy, N wes rcelndf tjc `nrst two ajeptcrs o` Fcdcsns. Nrcel tjch dot odac, kut hedy, hedy, HED^ tnhcs. Ndntneiiy, wjcd N

aohpercl wjet N wes icerdndf ekout sancdac to Fcdcsns, N wes udekic to

`ndl edy pieac wjcrc tjc sancdac ndtcrscatcl tjc worls, wjnaj wes vcrylnsjcertcdndf. Jowcvcr, cnfjt or tcd ycers ndto tjc c`òrt, wjnic rcelndf

odc o` tjc vcrscs nd Fcdcsns, e infjt kuik wcdt od nd hy jcel! E sndfic

worl nd tjc tcxt struab e ajorl tjet toob hy krcetj ewey. Nt aoddcatcl to

sancdtn`na prndanpics nd e surprnsndfiy snhpic wey. Ekout e ycer ietcr, e

pjresc aeufjt hy cyc, edl tjcd edotjcr worl, edl edotjcr. @ndeiiy, N wesndudletcl wntj ed eveiedajc o` worls edl pjrescs tjet scchcl to aoddcat

to sancdtn`na rceintncs nd weys N jel dcvcr jcerl o` kcòrc.Vjet dcw anrauhstedac rcvceicl tjcsc pondts o` icvcrefc nd tjc

tcxt? \jc trutj ns, nd vcry sheii ndarchcdts N `ndeiiy rceinzcl tjet wjet N

tjoufjt N bdcw ekout Fcdcsns ajeptcrs 5 edl ; wes wrodf.N sey efend= tjns ns tjc knffcst jurlic you hey èac. Vc ajcrnsj our

kcinc`s. O`tcd wc struaturc our invcs eroudl tjch. Qohctnhcs wc kcaohc

so wreppcl up nd tjch tjet cvcd tjc tjoufjt tjet tjcy hnfjt kc wrodf nssohctjndf tjet wc must aed„t èac. Cvcd so, es nd dceriy cvcrytjndf cisc, nt

peys to bccp ed opcd hndl. Nt peys to chkreac tjc ettntulc, ’N aed kcwrodf, edl N prokekiy eh.‘ Vjcd tjns nlce ns eloptcl, tjc dcw jornzods

tjet opcd kcòrc us aed `nrh up our kcinc`s, elmust tjch cvcr aioscr to tjc

trutj, or lckudb tjch cdtnrciy. \jns ns e rnsb, òr surc. Nt ns dot òr tjc èndt

o` jcert. Kut kcaeusc o` wjet N jevc icerdcl, N rcaohhcdl nt to youwntjout rcscrvetnod.

\o tjc sancdtnsts ehodf you=

Nd tjns rcspcat, you sancdtnsts erc dot huaj ln``crcdt. Hedy, n` dot

host o` you, jevc lcvciopcl e kcinc` systch tjet locs dot ndaiulc e

arcetor. Nt ns sohcwjet nrodna tjet sancdtnsts, acdturncs efo, wcrc òr tjchost pert rcinfnous pcopic, kcincvndf nd e Fol wjo arcetcs. Ovcr tnhc,

jowcvcr, sancdac es ed ndstntutnod scperetcl ntsci` `roh Ajrnstnednty edl

otjcr rcinfnods, edl kcfed e qucst òr bdowiclfc o` tjc aoshos tjetrcìcatcl rceinty es opposcl to rcinfnous tjcoiofy. ôur mourdcy jes kccd

ed cxantndf odc! Jowcvcr, cvcd tjoufj you jevc lnsaovcrcl quntc e iot,

you jevc dot òudl Fol.

Qo, tjc stetc tjet cxnsts dow ns tjet tjc two krotjcrs, sancdac edl




<:

rcinfnod, jevc ln``crcdt kcinc` systchs. ôurs ndaiulcs rcei, provekic,

bdowiclfc o` tjc aoshos edl ns arcetoricss. \jc otjcr ndaiulcs ud- provekic trelntnods aerrncl ovcr òr hniicddne wntj tjc `nrh kcinc` nd e

arcetor.

Lcspntc tjcsc kesna ln``crcdacs, kotj o` you jevc sohctjndf nd

aohhod. [cinfnous òib erc, òr tjc host pert, acrtend nd tjcnr kcinc`s. ôusancdtnsts erc too. Nd èat, hedy o` you erc do icss acrtend o` your kcinc`s

tjed tjc evcrefc hchkcr o` sohc ùdlehcdteinst rcinfnod. ôu erc

aodvndacl tjet Fcdcsns ajeptcrs 5 edl ; erc e hytj, or worsc, edl tjcrc nsdo pondt nd rcjesjndf nt, edl hedy o` you erc wniindf to kruteiiy etteab

edytjndf tjet sheabs o` kcinc` nd e arcetor. Nt ns to you N sey tjc òiiowndf=

N ndtcdl to lc`cet tjc nlces tjet òrh tjc kcinc` systch tjet N aeii sancdtnsh,edl wntj tjc jcip o` hy Fol, N wnii.

Dow, e`tcr scttndf up tjc òudletnod òr tjns koob, N `cci tjet N dccl

to cxpiend tjc òiiowndf èat= N wrntc tjns koob nd tjc `nrst pcrsod, o`tcdhebndf usc o` tjc worl ’N.‘ Dot too huaj sjouil kc helc o` tjns. N lo dot

aienh tjcsc nlces òr hysci`. \jcy jevc kccd e pert o` tjc Knkic òr e vcryiodf tnhc“tjc odc wjo senl tjch lcscrvcs tjc arclnt. N eh dot tjc sourac

o` tjc tjoufjts ietcdt nd tjc worls o` tjc Knkic, must es N lnl dot arcetc tjc

wool tjet N sjepc edl esschkic òr hy austohcrs. Vool„s kceuty heyrchend jnllcd udtni woolauttcrs, sewhnii worbcrs, edl `ndeiiy aohhod

aerpcdtcrs rcvcei nt to tjc woril. Kut ceaj o` tjcsc trelcs, n` holcst, stedls

nd ewc o` wjet tjcnr poor sbnii jes rcvceicl. Qo, N fnvc arclnt òr tjc wooledl tjc worls to tjc odc wjo òrhcl tjch, udrcscrvcliy.

N jevc sct tjc ker et nts hexnhuh jcnfjt, wjnaj ns wcii kcyodl hyeknintncs. \jns èat jes kccd rcpcetcliy lchodstretcl to hc es N jevc

wrcsticl wntj tjns sukmcat. @urtjcrhorc, N eh ewerc o` hy sheii steturc nd

rcietnod to tjc ndtciicatuei fnedts o` sancdac. Dcvcrtjcicss, N kcfnd tjns

qucst wntj aohpictc aod`nlcdac nd hy Fol 3, nhntetndf es kcst N aed tjet

rcherbekic sjcpjcrl koy wjo senl tjc òiiowndf worls so iodf efo=

’\jcd senl Levnl to tjc Wjninstndc, \jou aohcst

to hc wntj e sworl, edl wntj e spcer, edl wntj e

mevcind= kut N aohc to tjcc nd tjc dehc o` Mcjovej o`josts, tjc Fol o` tjc erhncs o` Nsreci wjoh tjou jest

lc`ncl. \jns ley wnii Mcjovej lcinvcr tjcc ndto hy jedl2

edl N wnii shntc tjcc edl tebc tjy jcel `roh o`` tjcc2

edl N wnii fnvc tjc lcel kolncs o` tjc jost o` tjcWjninstndcs tjns ley udto tjc knrls o` tjc jcevcds, edl

tjc wnil kcests o` tjc certj2 tjet eii tjc certj hey bdow

tjet tjcrc ns e Fol…‘ 5 Qehuci 56=<3-<00



Eppcdlnx <>

Eppcdlnx K=Jow aed wc bdow ekout tjc kcfnddndf?

\jc nlce o` e tnhc heajndc jes kccd huaj lnsausscl nd sancdtn`na

anraics. Et prcscdt, tjcrc ns dodc, edl tjc aodscdsus ns tjet suaj e tjndf nsudinbciy. Jowcvcr, òr our sukmcat, suaj e heajndc wouil kc ndveiuekic.

Et vernous pieacs nd tjns koob N pondt out tjet ajonacs hust kc

helc kctwccd ln``crcdt possnknintncs essoanetcl wntj Knkinaei Jckrcwworls. Quaj ajonacs erc helc ln``nauit kcaeusc tjns iedfuefc wes uscl

horc tjed two tjousedl ycers efo edl tjc odiy (ierfc) survnvndf tcxt ns tjc

Jckrcw Knkic wjnaj kcfnds wntj Fcdcsns 5=5. Vjnic tjc Jckrcw iedfuefcnd tjns tcxt provnlcs cdoufj aodtcxt to udlcrstedl host worls, pcsby

prokichs wntj frehher edl hcedndf ajonacs rchend. Kut tjcsc aouil

cesniy kc soivcl n` wc aouil must fo keab nd tnhc edl scc jow tjc detnvcsuscl tjc iedfuefc nd eii sorts o` scttndfs. @urtjcrhorc, n` wc jel e tnhc

heajndc wc aouil fo keab èrtjcr stnii, to tjc kcfnddndf o` our udnvcrscedl otjcr rcicvedt pcrnols, to ajcab Fcdcsns 5=5 efendst tjc okscrvetnods

wc aouil tjcd hebc. \jet ns dot possnkic dow, kut tjc dcxt kcst tjndfs

jevc kccd lnsaovcrcl“weys to icerd o` cvcdts vcry dcer tjc kcfnddndf.

Odc o` tjcsc ns tjc AHK (aoshna hnarowevc keabfroudl), wjnajaerrncs ndòrhetnod nhprndtcl lurndf tjc pcrnol o` tjc ceriy udnvcrsc,

wjnaj aed kc edeiyzcl to rcvcei wjet jeppcdcl ceriy nd aoshna jnstory.

Qancdac jes kcfud to icerd wjet nt tceajcs, edl ky tjns edl otjcr hceds,wc aed IOOB keab nd tnhc, cvcd tjoufj wc aed‚t pjysnaeiiy trevci tjcrc.

\jc AHK ns relnetnod nd tjc hnarowevc pert o` tjc spcatruh. Otjcr

`rcqucdancs o` relnetnod eiso piey e roic nd sancdac„s keabwerl ioob ndto

tnhc. Ehodf tjcsc ns tjc redfc o` `rcqucdancs essoanetcl wntj vnsnkicinfjt. @or vnsnkic infjt, optnaei tcicsaopcs erc tjc tooi o` ajonac. E ierfc

odc ehpin`ncs infjt tjet jes tebcd kniinods o` ycers to rceaj us. Qohc o` tjc propcrtncs o` tjc infjt wcrc nhprndtcl ky cvcdts wjcd nt `nrst sct out cods

efo. Vjcd tcicsaopcs `nttcl wntj vernous sancdtn`na ndstruhcdts ndtcracpt nt,

tjc òrhcr cvcdts aed kc icerdcl.

Edotjcr aohpodcdt o` tjns ’tnhc heajndc‘ ns e pertnaiceaacicretor. Wertnaic eaacicretors rc-arcetc cvcdts tjet oaaurrcl kcyodl tjc

redfc o` optnaei tcicsaopcs, aerryndf us cvcd lccpcr ndto tjc ceriy jnstory

o` tjc udnvcrsc. Nd tjcsc weys (edl otjcrs) wc aed icerd wjet jeppcl kniinods o` ycers nd tjc pest“cvcd ndto ’Nd tjc kcfnddndf…‘

5 V.C. Pndc edl otjcrs, Pndcs Aohpictc Cxposntory Lnatnodery o` Oil edl Dcw \cstehcdt Vorls,\johes Dcisod Nda. 5>:<, 5>>0, ;76 ([nvcr, Veln). Dotc= jcrce`tcr rc`crrcl to es (Pndcs).




37

; Esnhov, Nseea= Nd tjc Kcfnddndf. Arowd Wukinsjcrs, 5>:5. Dotc= Jcrce`tcr rc`crrcl to es (Esnhov,

Nd \jc Kcfnddndf).

1 Levncs, Weui= Aoshna Meabpot, Joufjtod Hn`ìnd Aohpedy, ;776, pefcs 5<-53. Dotc= Jcrce`tcrrc`crrcl to es (Levncs, Aoshna Meabpot ).

< @or tjosc wjo kcincvcl nd e arcetor, trelntnodei tjcoiofy wes òr e iodf tnhc tjc prc`crrclwcepod. Es nt provcl ndc``catuei, otjcrs wcrc trncl“vernous orhs o` sancdtn`na arcetnodnsh. \jcsc

lnld„t worb cntjcr. \oley, ndtciinfcdt lcsnfd (NL) scchs to kc tjc wcepod o` ajonac.

3 Hy aod`nlcdac jes dot eiweys kccd so jnfj. \jns koob aohcs `roh loukts tjet frcw `rohsancdtnsh edl trelntnodei tjcoiofy. N rcsoivcl to stert ovcr edl ict tjc ajnps èii wjcrc tjcy hey,sukmcatndf cvcrytjndf tjet aehc ndto vncw to tjc host arntnaei stedac tjet N aouil hustcr. Nd tjc cdl

tjns epproeaj yncilcl tjc hetcrnei nd tjns koob.

0 Ehcrnaed Qtedlerl Pcrsnod, es nt eppcers nd \jc spcebndf Knkic, so`twerc ky mojdjurt.aoh ;77<. Dotc= jcre`tcr rc`crrcl to es (EQP).



Vorbs Antcl=

Esnhov, Nseea= Nd tjc Kcfnddndf, Arowd Wukinsjcrs, 5>:5.

Kerr, M. Jckrcw ’Icxnaofrepjy= Ndòrhei \joufjts,‘ nd Kolndc, V. cl. Indfunstnas edl Knkinaei Jckrcw, Cnscdkreuds.

Levncs, W. Aoshna Meabpot , Joufjtod Hn`ìnd Aohpedy, ;770.

Frccdc, Krned. \jc Cicfedt Sdnvcrsc, Pndtefc Koobs, ;777.

Frccdc, Krned, \jc @ekrna o` tjc Aoshos, Pndtefc Koobs, ;771.

Jurt, Mojd, Bndf Mehcs Knkic wntj Qtrodf's Lnatnodery, eaacsscl 7>-;;-;75<= jttp=//www.mojdjurt.aoh/

Qjcrhcr, Hnajeci, nd Qancdtn`na Ehcrnaed, Hey 51, ;77; (\jc Qjeheds o`Qancdtnsh)

Bocjicr, Iulwnf 2 Keuhfertdcr, Veitcr 2 [najerlsod, H.C.M 2 Qtehh,

Mojedd Mebok= \jc Jckrcw edl Erehena Icxnaod o` tjc Oil \cstehcdt .

cicatrodna cl. Icnlcd2 Dcw ôrb = C.M. Krnii, 5>>>.

Hcrrneh-Vckstcr's aoiicfnetc lnatnodery (57tj cl.), (5>>1), Qprndf`ncil,HE= Hcrrneh-Vckstcr.

Wutduh, @rclcrna, Aierbc. \owerl [celndf & Sdlcrstedlndf Knkinaei

Jckrcw, aopyrnfjt ;770, (et @rclWutduh.orf)

[ccs, Hertnd, Kcòrc tjc Kcfnddndf, Wcrscus Koobs, 5>>:.

http://www.johnhurt.com/

http://www.johnhurt.com/




3;

[ccs, Hertnd, Must Qnx Duhkcrs, Kesna Koobs, 5>>>.

’Qancdtnsh,‘ jttp=//cd.wnbnpclne.orf/wnbn/Qancdtnsh

Qncf`rncl, @. (5>7:) ’Arcetnod‘, ntch NNN, ’Erfuhcdts `or Arcetnod‘ #;,\jc Aetjoina Cdayaiopclne, Ndtcrdct vcrsnod, eaacsscl= 7>-;6-;75<.jttp=//www.dcwelvcdt.orf/aetjcd/7<<67e.jth

Qndfj, Qnhod. \jc Knf Kedf, tjc Ornfnd o` tjc Sdnvcrsc, Jerpcr

Wcrcddnei, ;77<.

\jc Dcw Ehcrnaed Knkic, Aod`retcrdnty o` Ajrnstned Loatrndc, Vesjndftod

LA, © 5>67.

Vndtjcr-Dnciscd, Dnaoien, 5>>;, "‚Nd tjc kcfnddndf„ o` Knkinaei Jckrcw

lnsaoursc= Fcdcsns 5=5 edl tjc `rodtcl tnhc cxprcssnod" nd ’Iedfuefc ndaodtcxt= Csseys `or [okcrt C. Iodfearc‘, Qjnd Me M. Jwedf edl Vniineh [.

Hcrrn`ncil cl. 06-:7. Quhhcr Ndstntutc o` Indfunstnas edl tjc Sdnvcrsnty

o` \cxes et Erindftod Wukinaetnods nd Indfunstnas 576.



The Smooth Stone Volume I Genesis 1:1 "In the Beginning..."

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