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The Smithsonian Museum of Natural History Presents The Lewis Collection By Tara VanPatten Mill Run Elementary

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Mrs. Lewis, a world traveler, loves to collect rocks and minerals from the places she visits. In order to remember where each specimen came from, she glued each one on a postcard from where it was found.

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Mrs. Lewis retired last month, and has donated her collection to the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History.

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Mrs. Donahue, one of the museums curators, has been asked to identify each specimen with its proper name. Her boss has also asked her to have the entire collection ready for display for the presidents visit next week! X

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There are so many specimens to identify, Ill never get this all done by myself! I think Ill call some smart fifth graders for help!

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In order to identify the specimens, you must first collect data. Click on the smiley face and print the data collection sheet to help keep you organized. Now that youre ready, lets take a look at the specimens.

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Click on a specimen to investigate. Once you have collected data from all of the specimens, click here.

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This specimen is a solid material with particles arranged in a crystal pattern. This must mean that this specimen is a RockMineral

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Minerals are always solid materials with particles arranged in a repeating pattern. This pattern is called a crystal. Minerals only form in nature. They are not made in laboratories. Rocks are always made up of one or more minerals. All rocks can be classified into three groups based on how they are formed. The three type of rocks are igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks, and metamorphic rocks. Some rocks can be made in laboratories. Rocks vs. Minerals

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Incorrect. Please read carefully about rocks and minerals then try again.

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Correct! Now it is time to investigate this mineral. Make sure you record all of your information for Specimen A on your data collection sheet.

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This specimen is a solid material with particles arranged in a crystal pattern. This must mean that this specimen is a RockMineral

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Incorrect. Please read carefully about rocks and minerals then try again.

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Minerals are always solid materials with particles arranged in a repeating pattern. This pattern is called a crystal. Minerals only form in nature. They are not made in laboratories. Rocks are always made up of one or more minerals. All rocks can be classified into three groups based on how they are formed. The three type of rocks are igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks, and metamorphic rocks. Some rocks can be made in laboratories. Rocks vs. Minerals

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Correct! Now it is time to investigate this mineral. Make sure you record all of your information for Specimen C on your data collection sheet.

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This specimen looks like it is made up of a mixture of materials. This must mean that this specimen is a RockMineral

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Incorrect. Please read carefully about rocks and minerals then try again.

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Minerals are always solid materials with particles arranged in a repeating pattern. This pattern is called a crystal. Minerals only form in nature. They are not made in laboratories. Rocks are always made up of one or more minerals. All rocks can be classified into three groups based on how they are formed. The three type of rocks are igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks, and metamorphic rocks. Some rocks can be made in laboratories. Rocks vs. Minerals

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Correct! Now it is time to investigate this rock. Make sure you record all of your information for Specimen B on your data collection sheet.

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RockMineral This specimen looks like it is made up of a mixture of materials. This must mean that this specimen is a

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Incorrect. Please read carefully about rocks and minerals then try again.

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Minerals are always solid materials with particles arranged in a repeating pattern. This pattern is called a crystal. Minerals only form in nature. They are not made in laboratories. Rocks are always made up of one or more minerals. All rocks can be classified into three groups based on how they are formed. The three type of rocks are igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks, and metamorphic rocks. Some rocks can be made in laboratories. Rocks vs. Minerals

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Correct! Now it is time to investigate this rock. Make sure you record all of your information for Specimen D on your data collection sheet.

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Minerals are always solid materials with particles arranged in a repeating pattern. This pattern is called a crystal. Minerals only form in nature. They are not made in laboratories. Rocks are always made up of one or more minerals. All rocks can be classified into three groups based on how they are formed. The three type of rocks are igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks, and metamorphic rocks. Some rocks can be made in laboratories. Rocks vs. Minerals

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What do you want to do? Read postcard Observe the specimen Conduct streak test Conduct hardness test Examine another specimen

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I bought this specimen on vacation in Mexico. I was looking for a souvenir for my brother at an outdoor market when I spotted this piece. The seller said that there are many mines in Mexico where this specimen can be found. Dont forget to record your observations on your data collection sheet.

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Observe the specimen. What is the color of this specimen? Dont forget to record your observations on your data collection sheet. What is the luster of this specimen?

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Color words:-light-dark -black/blackish-brown/brownish -tan-white -gray-blue -pink-green Luster words:-dull-pearly -waxy-glassy -metallic Helpful Hints

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Conduct the streak test. Dont forget to record your observations on your data collection sheet. What color streak did the specimen leave?

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Hardness Test Click on a mineral to see if it will scratch your specimen. Dont forget to record your observations on your data collection sheet. 1Talc 2 3Calcite 4 5Apatite 6 7Quartz 8 9Corundum 10 What is the Mohs number of your specimen?

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Hardness Test The talc did not scratch your specimen. Dont forget to record your observations on your data collection sheet. 1Talc 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

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Hardness Test The calcite did scratch your specimen. Dont forget to record your observations on your data collection sheet. 1 2 3Calcite 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

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Hardness Test The apatite did scratch your specimen. Dont forget to record your observations on your data collection sheet. 1 2 3 4 5Apatite 6 7 8 9 10

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Hardness Test The quartz did scratch your specimen. Dont forget to record your observations on your data collection sheet. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7Quartz 8 9 10

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Hardness Test The corundum did scratch your specimen. Dont forget to record your observations on your data collection sheet. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9Corundum 10

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Mohs Hardness Scale 1 2 3 4Fluorite 5Apatite 6Feldspar 7 8 9 10 The Mohs Scale charts the relative hardness of minerals. Minerals will scratch any minerals with a lower number. For example, apatite (5) will scratch fluorite (4). Feldspar (6) will scratch apatite (5), fluorite (4), and any other mineral with a number less than 6.

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What do you want to do? Read postcard Observe the specimen Conduct streak test Conduct hardness test Examine another specimen

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I came across this specimen while visiting my Uncle Alexander in Russia. I was playing hopscotch with some of the local children, and they gave me this specimen as a gift. I was told that it can come in many different colors. In fact, Im pretty sure Ive seen this before back in the United States. Dont forget to record your observations on your data collection sheet.

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Observe the specimen. What is the color of this specimen? Dont forget to record your observations on your data collection sheet. What is the luster of this specimen?

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Color words:-light-dark -black/blackish-brown/brownish -tan-white -gray-blue -pink-green Luster words:-dull-pearly -waxy-glassy -metallic Helpful Hints

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Conduct the streak test. Dont forget to record your observations on your data collection sheet. What color streak did the specimen leave?

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Hardness Test Click on a mineral to see if it will scratch your specimen. Dont forget to record your observations on your data collection sheet. 1 2Gypsum 3 4Fluorite 5 6Feldspar 7 8Topaz 9 10Diamond What is the Mohs number of your specimen?

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Hardness Test The gypsum did not scratch your specimen. Dont forget to record your observations on your data collection sheet. 1 2Gypsum 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

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Hardness Test The fluorite did not scratch your specimen. Dont forget to record your observations on your data collection sheet. 1 2 3 4Fluorite 5 6 7 8 9 10

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Hardness Test The feldspar did not scratch your specimen. Dont forget to record your observations on your data collection sheet. 1 2 3 4 5 6Feldspar 7 8 9 10

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Hardness Test The topaz did scratch your specimen. Dont forget to record your observations on your data collection sheet. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8Topaz 9 10

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Hardness Test The diamond did scratch your specimen. Dont forget to record your observations on your data collection sheet. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10Diamond

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Mohs Hardness Scale 1 2 3 4Fluorite 5Apatite 6Feldspar 7 8 9 10 The Mohs Scale charts the relative hardness of minerals. Minerals will scratch any minerals with a lower number. For example, apatite (5) will scratch fluorite (4). Feldspar (6) will scratch apatite (5), fluorite (4), and any other mineral with a number less than 6.

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What do you want to do? Read postcard Observe the specimen Examine another specimen

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This was actually one of the first pieces of my collection. I found it while tubing down the Colorado River. There were tons of specimens like this scattered around the river banks. The color and texture sure do remind me of the beach! IgneousMetamorphicSedimentary Which type of rock is Specimen B?

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Incorrect. Please read carefully about the different types of rocks and try again.

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Igneous rocks are formed when melted rock such as magma or lava cools and hardens. The word igneous comes from the Latin word ignis, which means fire. Sedimentary rocks are formed over a long time from layers of sediment. Weathering and erosion drop sediment to the bottoms of streams, rivers, and lakes which over time, turn into sedimentary rocks. Metamorphic rocks can be made of any type of rock. They form when other rocks are put under high heat and great pressure. Some metamorphic rocks form when mountains are built up. Meta means change and morphic means form. Types of Rocks

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Correct! This specimen is sedimentary indeed! Dont forget to record your observations on your data collection sheet.

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Observe the specimen. What color is this specimen? Dont forget to record your observations on your data collection sheet. What is the texture of this specimen?

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Color words:-light-dark -black/blackish-brown/brownish -tan-white -gray-blue -pink-green Texture words:-fine-grained-large-grained -smooth-rough -glassy-silky -porous (holes) Helpful Hints

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What do you want to do? Read postcard Observe the specimen Examine another specimen

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I found this specimen while hiking in Chile. I went on a tour of Cerro Verde, a well known volcano. This is only one of three volcanoes in the Cerro Verde National Park. The tour guide told me that locals often make jewelry out of this specimen. IgneousMetamorphicSedimentary Which type of rock is Specimen D?

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Incorrect. Please read carefully about the different types of rocks and try again.

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Igneous rocks are formed when melted rock such as magma or lava cools and hardens. The word igneous comes from the Latin word ignis, which means fire. Sedimentary rocks are formed over a long time from layers of sediment. Weathering and erosion drop sediment to the bottoms of streams, rivers, and lakes which over time, turn into sedimentary rocks. Metamorphic rocks can be made of any type of rock. They form when other rocks are put under high heat and great pressure. Some metamorphic rocks form when mountains are built up. Meta means change and morphic means form. Types of Rocks

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Correct! This specimen is an igneous rock indeed! Dont forget to record your observations on your data collection sheet.

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Observe the specimen. What color is this specimen? Dont forget to record your observations on your data collection sheet. What is the texture of this specimen?

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Color words:-light-dark -black/blackish-brown/brownish -tan-white -gray-blue -pink-green Texture words:-fine-grained-large-grained -smooth-rough -glassy-silky -porous (holes) Helpful Hints

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Now that you have finished collecting all of your data, it is time to compare your observations with the rock and mineral databases in order to identify the specimens. Oops! I need to keep collecting data. I have all my data and am ready to continue.

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You must compare the observations you made on your data collection sheet with both databases. Write down the real name of each specimen on your sheet. Once you have the real name of each specimen, click here to present your information to Mrs. Donahue. Mineral Database Rock Database I think I need to go back and collect more data!

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NameColorTextureType of Rock Basalt Dark gray or blackFine-grainedIgneous Conglomerate Multi-colored Chunky, round, smooth Sedimentary Gneiss Bands of gray and white Large-grainedMetamorphic Obsidian Black, dark red or brown Smooth, glassyIgneous Pumice Light yellow, tan, gray, or white Very rough, full of holes Igneous Sandstone Light yellow, tan, gray, or white Fine-grained, roughSedimentary Shale Gray, tan, or brownFine-grained, smoothSedimentary Rock Database

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NameColorLusterStreakHardnessLocation CalciteWhiteDullWhite3 USA, Germany, Brazil, Mexico, England, India, Iceland Diamond Yellow, brown, various colors WaxyWhite10 South Africa, India, Brazil, Russia, Australia GalenaSilver, gray Metallic to dull Gray3 USA, Germany, Peru, Mexico, Zambia, England GraphiteBlack, silver Metallic to dull Black or Gray 2 USA, Russia, Mexico, Greenland, India GypsumWhite, grayPearlyWhite2 Mexico, USA, Italy MagnetiteBlack Metallic to dull Black6 South Africa, Germany, Russia, USA Quartz Clear, white, various colors GlassyWhite7 Brazil, Uruguay, Mexico, Russia, USA Mineral Database

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Thank you so much for all your hard work. I am excited to find out if you were able to correctly identify each specimen.

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Specimen A is really calcite diamond galenagraphitegypsum quartzmagnetite

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Specimen B is really basalt conglomerate gneissobsidianpumice shalesandstone

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Specimen C is really calcite diamond galenagraphitegypsum quartzmagnetite

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Incorrect. Please take another look at the databases and try again.

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Specimen D is really basalt conglomerate gneissobsidianpumice shalesandstone

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Now try to identify Specimen B. Correct!

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Now try to identify Specimen C. Correct!

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Now try to identify Specimen D. Correct!

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Congratulations! You have correctly identified all of the specimens! I would like to thank you for all your hard work by presenting you with this Jr. Geologist Award! Click on the award to print!