The Skeletal System Chapter 14- Lesson 1 Lesson2 Lesson3.
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Transcript of The Skeletal System Chapter 14- Lesson 1 Lesson2 Lesson3.
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The Skeletal SystemChapter 14-
Lesson 1Lesson2Lesson3
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How the Skeletal System Works206 Bones
Smallest=Inner ear (.25 cm)
Largest=Femur (550-1700 pounds of pressure)
Fingers, toes, and ribs are the easiest to break
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Bones and their StructureCompact Bone-outer layer, protective
Spongy Bone-less dense filled with red bone marrow, where red blood cells are produced.
Yellow Marrow-stores fat
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Functions of the Skeletal SystemProviding support for the body.
Protecting internal organs and tissues.
Producing new red and white blood cells.
Storing fat and minerals, such as calcium and phosphorus.
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Connective Tissue3 Types
Cartilage-strong, flexible connective tissue that can act as a cushion between two bones to reduce friction.
Ligament-a band of fibrous, slightly elastic connective tissue that attaches one bone to another.
Tendon-a fibrous cord that attaches muscle to the bone.
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Caring for the Skeletal SystemA healthy diet, exercise, protective gear, and
regular checkups are ways to care for your skeletal system.
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Understanding Skeletal ProblemsScoliosis-a lateral or side to side curvature of
the spine.
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Fractures-any type of break in the bone Hairline fractures-parts of the bone do not
separate. Transverse fractures-fracture is completely
across the bone. Comminuted fractures-when the bone shatters
into more than two pieces.
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Injuries to JointsDislocation-when a bone slips out of place,
tearing the ligaments that attach the bone at the joint.
Torn Cartilage-results from a sharp blow to a joint or a severe twisting of a joint.
Bursitis-results from the painful inflammation of bursa, a fluid filled sac that helps reduce friction in joints.
Bunions-painful swellings of the bursae in the first joints of the big toes.
Arthritis-inflammation of a joint, resulting from an injury, natural wear and tear, or autoimmune disease
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OsteoporosisA condition in which there is a progressive loss
of bone tissue.
You must consume Vitamin D, phosphorus, and calcium to maintain bone health.
Weight bearing activities decrease the risk of osteoporosis.
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The Muscular SystemMuscles are like rubber bands, they allow
movement to the organs or bones they are attached.
Voluntary and involuntary muscles.
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Voluntary and Involuntary Muscles Involuntary
Diaphragm
Small and large intestine
Heart
Voluntary
Running to first base
Walking
Catching a ball
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Types of MuscleSmooth Muscles
Skeletal Muscles
Cardiac Muscles
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Caring for Your MusclesGet regular exercise.
Eat high protein foods to build muscle.
Practice good posture to strengthen back muscles.
Warm up properly before exercising and cool down after exercising.
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Understanding Muscular ProblemsBruises-areas of discolored skin that appear after an
injury, blood vessels rupture underneath the skin.
Muscle strains or sprain-muscles are stretched or partially torn from overexertion.
Tendinitis-inflammation of a tendon, can be the consequence of injury, overuse, or natural aging.
Hernia-occurs when an organ or tissue protrudes through an area of weak muscle.
Muscular dystrophy-an inherited disorder in which skeletal muscle fibers are progressively destroyed.
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The Nervous SystemThe nervous system coordinates all of the
activities in the body.
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Two Main Divisions
The Central Nervous System (CNS) Consists of the brain and spinal cord
The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) Gathers information from inside and outside of
your body.
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The CNS receives messages from the PNS, interprets them, and sends out a response.
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Understanding NeuronsNeurons or nerve cells transmit messages to
and from the spinal cord and brain.