The seven wonders of the ancient world

24
THE SEVEN WONDERS OF THE ANCIENT WORLD 1

description

This presentation is very useful to practice the 4 principal skills in Use of English anf for a project. It´s a presentation about the seven wonders of the Ancient World.

Transcript of The seven wonders of the ancient world

Page 1: The seven wonders of the ancient world

THE SEVEN WONDERS OF THE ANCIENT WORLD

1

Page 2: The seven wonders of the ancient world

The seven wonders are the architectural and artistic monuments considered as perfect by the Greeks and the Romans.

Six of the seven wonders of the ancient world were described by Philon of Byzance, a II century before Jesus Christ ingeneer, in a manuscript entitled "Péri tôn hépta théamatôn" (About the seven wonders of the world). This manuscript including six layers only described six constructions

2

Page 3: The seven wonders of the ancient world

The seventh, the mausoleum of Halicarnassus, is only described in the introduction of the manuscript because the last layer disappeared.

However, the final list, also called canonical list, describing the seven wonders of the ancient world has been adopted after the reign of Alexander the Great according to fourteen lists from different authors. 3

Page 4: The seven wonders of the ancient world

4

The selected monuments have to meet standard of beauty, size and technical skill.

Page 5: The seven wonders of the ancient world

THE CANONICAL LIST REFERS TO THE SEVEN FOLLOWING WONDERS:

THE GREAT PYRAMID OF GIZA THE HANGING GARDENS OF BABYLON THE STATUE OF ZEUS AT OLYMPIA THE TEMPLE OF ARTEMIS AT EPHESUS THE MAUSOLEUM AT HALICARNASSUS THE COLOSSUS OF RHODES THE LIGHTHOUSE OF ALEXANDRIA

5

Page 6: The seven wonders of the ancient world

These monuments are located in Greece, northern Africa and minor

Asia. Their date of construction varies from 2800 BC for the Pyramid of Giza

to 280 BC for the Lighthouse of Alexandria.

6

Page 7: The seven wonders of the ancient world

7

Page 8: The seven wonders of the ancient world

8

Great Pyramid of Giza, Egypt

The Great Pyramids, located at Giza on the west bank of the Nile River north of Cairo, are the only wonder of the ancient world that has survived to the present day. The three pyramids--Khufu (Cheops), Khafra (Chephren) and Menkaura (Mycerimus)--were built between 2700 B.C. and 2500 B.C. as royal tombs.

Page 9: The seven wonders of the ancient world

9

The largest and most impressive is Khufu, which covers 13 acres and is believed to contain more than 2 million stone blocks that weight from two to 30 tons each.

Page 10: The seven wonders of the ancient world

THE SEVEN WONDERS OF THE ANCIENT WORLD

PART 210

•GREAT PYRAMID OF GIZA, EGYPT

Page 11: The seven wonders of the ancient world

THE STATUE OF ZEUS AT OLYMPIA

11

The statue was one of two masterpieces by the Greek sculptor Phidias (the other being the statue of Athena in the Parthenon) and was placed in the huge Temple of Zeus at Olympia in western Greece.

Page 12: The seven wonders of the ancient world

12

On his outstretched right hand was a statue of Nike (Victory), and in the god's left hand was a sceptre on which an eagle was perched.

Page 13: The seven wonders of the ancient world

13

The statue, which took eight years to construct, was noted for the divine majesty and goodness it expressed. The discovery in the 1950s of the remains of Phidias' workshop at Olympia confirmed the statue's date of about 430 BC.

Page 14: The seven wonders of the ancient world

14

The temple was destroyed in AD (anno domini) 426, and the statue, of which no accurate copies survive, may have been destroyed then or in a fire at Constantinople (now Istanbul) about 50 years later.

PART 3

Page 15: The seven wonders of the ancient world

THE HANGING GARDENS OF BABYLON

15

The gardens considered one of the Seven Wonders of the World and thought to be located near the royal palace in Babylon. By the beginning of the 21st century, the site of the Hanging Gardens had not yet been conclusively established; nevertheless, many theories persisted regarding the structure and location of the gardens.

Page 16: The seven wonders of the ancient world

16

that is, they were roof gardens laid out on a series of ziggurat terraces that were irrigated by pumps from the Euphrates River.

Page 17: The seven wonders of the ancient world

THE TEMPLE OF ARTEMIS AT EPHESUS• One of the seven wonders of the world.

The great temple was built by Croesus, king of Lydia, about 550 bce and was rebuilt after being burned by a madman named Herostratus in 356 bce. The Artemesium was famous not only for its great size (over 350 by 180 feet [about 110 by 55 metres]) but also for the magnificent works of art that adorned it.

17

Page 18: The seven wonders of the ancient world

18

Page 19: The seven wonders of the ancient world

THE MAUSOLEUM AT HALICARNASSUS

19

The monument was the tomb of Mausolus, the tyrant of Caria in southwestern Asia Minor, and was built between about 353 and 351 BC by Mausolus' sister and widow, Artemisia. The architect was Pythius (or Pytheos), and the sculptures that adorned the building were the work of four leading Greek artists: Scopas, Bryaxis, Leochares, and Timotheus.

Page 20: The seven wonders of the ancient world

20

Page 21: The seven wonders of the ancient world

THE COLOSSUS OF RHODES

21

The Colossus was an enormous bronze sculpture of the sun god Helios built by the Rhodians over 12 years in the third century B.C. The city was the target of a Macedonian siege early in the fourth century B.C. and, according to legend, the Rhodians sold the tools and equipment left behind by the Macedonians to pay for the Colossus.

Page 22: The seven wonders of the ancient world

22

Page 23: The seven wonders of the ancient world

LIGHTHOUSE OF ALEXANDRIA

23

he Lighthouse of Alexandria was located on a small island called Pharos near the city of Alexandria. Designed by the Greek architect Sostratos and completed around 270 B.C. during the reign of Ptolemy II, the lighthouse helped to guide Nile River ships in and out of the city’s busy harbor.

Page 24: The seven wonders of the ancient world

24