ACADEMIC SENATE ORIENTATION 9/3/09 Welcome New and Returning Senators!
The Senate. 17 th Amendment – senators elected by popular vote of people Each state has 2 Senators...
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Transcript of The Senate. 17 th Amendment – senators elected by popular vote of people Each state has 2 Senators...
![Page 1: The Senate. 17 th Amendment – senators elected by popular vote of people Each state has 2 Senators Senate has 100 voting members (no non-voting delegates)](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032801/56649ddb5503460f94ad1619/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Senate
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The Senate
• 17th Amendment – senators elected by popular vote of people
• Each state has 2 Senators
• Senate has 100 voting members (no non-voting delegates)
• Senate elections are staggered – 1/3 elected every 2 years – each Senator term is 6 years
• No limit on number of times a Senator can serve
• Senators chosen by the entire state, not districts
• Has special treaty ratification powers and confirmation powers of presidential appointees
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The Senate: Georgia’s Senators
Johnny Isakson (R) Saxby Chambliss (R)
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The Senate - Chamber
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The Senate:Leadership
Vice President
Majority Party Leader(Floor Leader)
Majority Party Whip(Assistant Floor Leader)
Minority Party Leader(Floor Leader)
President Pro Tempore
Committee Chairs
Minority Party Whip(Assistant Floor Leader)
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The Senate:Leadership
• President of the Senate
• VP Joe Biden Presides over Senate, but
does not debate Also does not vote,
unless to break a tie Ceremonial position with
little power
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The Senate:Leadership
• President Pro Tempore
• Robert V. Byrd (D-DL) Stands in as President when
VP is not present By tradition, usually the
most senior Senator of
the majority party Unlike the VP, is a voting
member
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The Senate:Leadership
• Majority Floor Leader
• Harry Reid (D-NV) Most influential member
of the Senate and majority party spokesman
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The Senate:Leadership
• Minority Floor Leader
• Mitch McConnell (R-KY) Same role as House
Floor Leader
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The Senate:Leadership
• Assistant Majority Leader
(Democratic Whip)
• Dick Durbin (D-Illinois) Role is same as House
Majority
Whip
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The Senate:Leadership
• Assistant Minority Leader
(Republican Whip)
• George N. Peterson (R-Mass) Same role as House Minority
Whip
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The Senate:Committees
Standing• Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry • Appropriations • Armed Services • Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs • Budget • Commerce, Science, and Transportation • Energy and Natural Resources • Environment and Public Works • Finance • Foreign Relations • Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions • Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs • Judiciary • Rules and Administration • Small Business and Entrepreneurship • Veterans Affairs
• Special, Select, and Other • Indian Affairs • Select Committee on Ethics • Select Committee on Intelligence • Special Committee on Aging
• Joint • Joint Committee on Printing • Joint Committee on Taxation • Joint Committee on the Library • Joint Economic Committee
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Congressional Committees
• Why a Committee System? High volume of legislation
(bills) – sending bills to corresponding committee helps speed up process
Allows study of legislation by specialists
• How the Committee System Works? Congress divides its tasks
among approximately 250 committees and sub committees.
The House and Senate each have their own committees, but they are similar
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Congressional Committees• 4 Types1.) Standing : permanent committee that deals with specific policy
matters (agriculture, energy and natural resources, veterans affairs, etc…) ; divided into subcommittees that handle more specialized problems
2.) Select : temporary committee appointed for a specific purpose; most are formed to investigate a particular issue (Watergate Committee, Hurricane Katrina Committee, Y2K Committee, etc)
3.) Joint : made up of members of both houses of Congress; can be a select committee or perform routine duties
4.) Conference: temporary committee of members from both houses created to resolve differences in House and Senate versions of a bill; is a compromise committee
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Congressional CommitteesStanding and Subcommittees -
ExamplesHouse of Reps.
Standing Committee:
Committee on Resources
Sub Committees:
Office of Native American Affairs
Energy and Minerals
Fisheries and Oceans
Forests and Forest Health
National Parks
Water and Power
SenateStanding Committee:
Environment and Public Works
Sub Committees:
Transportation and Infrastructure
Clean Air, Climate Change, Nuclear Safety
Fisheries, Wildlife, and Nature
Superfund and Waste Management
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Congressional CommitteesMembership and Leadership
Membership• Percentage of each committee’s membership reflects the overall percentage of
Democrats and Republicans in each house Ex. – 53% of house is Republican, so 53% of all committee members
will be Republican
• Members try to serve on committees where they can influence public policy relating to their district or state, or influence national public policy issues Ex – Kansas senator on the agriculture committee Ex – Iowa representative on the foreign relations committee
Leadership• Committees are led by a chairperson who belongs to the majority party and is
chosen by majority party members of committee
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Floor Debate
House• Rules Committee decides if debate will be open rule or closed rule and
how long debate can last
• Members can only propose amendments (when allowed) related to the topic of the bill
Senate• More casual; no limits on debating riders are allowed
Amendments not related to the topic of the bill
• Can filibuster Unlimited debate by Senators to stall a bill from being voted on Can only be ended by a cloture (petition signed by 60 Senators)
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Why Do Incumbents Win?
• Better name recognition
• Can use franking privilege to sent out campaign letters
• Have greater access to media
• Raise campaign money more easily (have support of PACs and lobbyists)
• More campaign experience
• Have large staffs to help with casework and constituency services
• Take credit for federal money that gets allocated to their district or state
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Criticisms of Congress
• Overstaffed and self-indulgent
• BRIBERY!!!!! Both houses have created rules and limits to help curb legal bribes
House rules allows only family and close friends to give gifts to representatives
Senate put a limit of $50 on any gift (including dinner) and a $100/year limit on gifts from a single source, unless the gift givers are family or “close personal friends”
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How A Bill Becomes A Law