THE ROME EMPIRE

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT

1.The monarchy(753-509BC). Roman empire was

founded in 753 BC in the centre of the Italian Peninsula, according to legend by Romulus y Remulo They were took after by the Capitoline Wolf.

Rome had seven kings. Firstly four Latin and later three Etruscans, but Etruscan domination ended in 509 BC with The King Tarquin “The proud” expelled after a revolt.

According to Roman mythology the twins Romulo and Remulo were took care by the capitoline wolf. Later they founded Rome.

The history of Rome is divided in three periods:

2.-The Republican ( 509-27 BC)

Roman territory expanded quickly.

Firstly the Romans dominated the other societies on the Italian Peninsula:

The Etruscan in the north and centre, the Latium in the centre, the Greeks in the south, the Magna Graecia.

Secondly ,The Roman Empire dominated the western Mediterranean region: Hispania, Gallia, Greece. On the other hand, the Romans conquered the eastern Mediterranean: North Africa, Asia Minor, Syria.

However Rome, in order to obtain the most important military and political power in The Mediterranean Sea (the most important sea of the Ancient History), It had to fight against Cartago, another important political power. That is to say, this conflict was provoked because Rome and Cartago want to control The Mediterranean: trade, and territories.

There were three wars, called THE PUNIC WARS.

Finally Rome Empire won to Cartago the Mediterranean’s control. Cartago was destroyed by the Romans.

3-The Empire (27 BC-476 AD)In 27 BC Octavian

became the first emperor of Rome. All the emperors were called Augusto (Octavian was the first) and they were the religious leader, the army boss, besides the emperors managed the politics and the laws. The first empero Octavian

Augustus

The first and second century were a maximum expansion’s period of Roman Empire, with emperor as Claudius, Trajan and Hadrian.

Romanisation expanded for all Roman Empire, so all Roman colonies began to use the roman language (Latin), costumes, political system.

The economy grew, because of, Romans Empire trade with all their colonies and other places.

The map of the maximum extent of the Roman Empire under Trajan in 117 AD

Trajan and

Hadrian were

born in Italica,

Hispania

4.1 THE CRISIS THE III CENTURY

In the third century the Roman Empire had a big crisis and the enemies invaded the Roman’s frontier. The Persians attacked from the east. The Germanic tribes, “the barbarians”, attacked from the north. Peasant and soldiers revolted. The cities were attacked and the population immigrated to the countryside. Germanic

people.

Diocletian established the practice of dividing authority in order to secure the vast territory, putting an end to the Crisis of the Third Century. Diocletian divided On the one hand, the Western Roman Empire (capital in Rome), on the other hand the Eastern Roman Empire (capital in Constantinople).

Diocletian, the emperor that divided

the Rome Empire

4.2.The CRISIS .IV-V CENTURY. THE END

During the following decades the empire was often united and separated, but after the death of Theodosius I in 395 it was divided permanently.

The Western Roman Empire collapsed, because the Germanic tribes “the barbarians” were invading all the territory. So in 476 Romulus Augustus was the last Western Roman Empire. He was forced to abdicate by Odoacer, a Germanic’s boss. IT WAS THE END OF

ANCIENT HISTORY(476 AD)

Odoacer coming in Rome

The Eastern Roman Empire or Byzantine Empire ended in 1453 with the capture of Constantinople by the Ottoman Turks.

IT WAS THE END OF MEDIEVAL

HISTORY (1453)

Paleologos the last

emperor of the

Byzantine

Empire.

Fall of Constantinople

THE END